Evening Star Newspaper, December 15, 1930, Page 8

" A-8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. THE EVENING STAR |dumping from Russia is even morelachieved. In its infancy %t was a With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY... THEODORE W. NOYES. ...Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd 8t. icago Office: Lake Michizan Bullditis. uropean Office: 14 Regent St.. London, Ensland. by Carrier Within the City. 45¢ per month . .60c per month 5¢ per month noas Siar 5c per copy Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telehone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and_Virginia. ily and Sunda; 1 yr., $10.00; 1 mo. nly ¥ £6.00: 1 mo., 5¢ junday only 34.00; 1 mo, All Other States and Canada. s yly and Sunda dly only . unday only . ¥ i - Support of Capitals. In his appearance before the House Fiscal Inquiry Committee Mr. Simmons of Nebraska made one suggestion that might be adopted with beneficial results. | He proposed that the committee insti- tute an investigation of some sort to determine what other nations of the December 15, 1930 stringent. The French, Belglan, Hungarian and Rumanian restrictions on Russian im- ports were interpreted by the Moscow government as the first.steps in the or- ganization of an economic blockade of the Soviet Union. The American em- bargo on timber, and subsequent sug- gestions to restriet imports of other Russian goods into the United States were met at Moscow by threats of re- taliation. As we are selling the Rus- sians at present about six times more than we are buying from them, the Soviet doubtless concludes that Uncle Sam will think twice and thrice before putting up prohibitive bars against its wares, The people of this country are not losing sight of the fact that the pro- digious five-year plan to convert Rus- (sla into a colossal productive machine is designed, primarily and eventually, to enable the Soviet to drench the “cap- italistic” world beyond its communistic borders with Russian commodities. The profits from those operations are to find their way into the Soviet national treasury, not into the hands of the peo- ple whose sweatéd brows and backs made the profits possible. The ultimate use of the foreign gold Russia thus plans to acquire has never been dis- guised. It is to be devoted to financing the “world revolution.” Any other con- neuvers, on the face of its own un- blushing admissions, is wholly un- founded. R world do in support of their capitals. ! Mr. Simmons predicted that such an | investigation would show that Washing- i ton is the only capital in the world | “that takes the position of demanding | something from the Federal Govern- ment or the governing agencies in their | midst.” ! If it is practical the committee might | find it to its advantage to request that | some Government agency, the State De- | partment or the Library of Congress, | compile the data proposed by Mr. Sim- | mons. There may have been some | changes in the form and amount of financial aid given by the nations to their capitals since 1916. But in 1916 & comparable survey was undertaken by citizens of the District and the results introduced before the Joint Select Com- mittee of Congress which then was making an inquiry concerning United States-District of Columbia fiscal re- lations. The evidence was presented to support the citizens' contention that if any comparisons are to be drawn be- tween the part taken by the United States in maintaining and developing its Capital and the part taken by for- eign powers in contributing to the maintenance and development of their capitals, the United States in some cases suffers thereby. An article appearing elsewhere in to- day’s Star develops at some length the findings of the 1916 survey, as presented in the argument and the brief of the Joint Citizens’ Committee on Fiscal Re- lations. It is interesting to note here that one of the principal points brought out was that whereas nearly every cap- ital in the world receives aid in greater or less degree from the national gov- ernments, and while the citizens of all the capitals contribute to the national government in Federal taxes, as they do in Washington, this community of all the capital communities in the world is the only one where the citizens are de- nied any voice in the collection or the spending of their own taxes. Washington is the only Capital in the world where the National Govern- ment discourages the development of lo- eal taxable resources, such as indus- trial development, that would enable the local community more easily to bear its tax burden. In the other capitals of the world such development is either encouraged or permitted. Here an un- written policy cripples the city’s com- mercial growth because of the nature of the plans for the Pederal City. ‘While all of the capitals of the world Teceive aid in some form from the na- tional governments, none of the gov- ernments are under such specific and moral obligations to support their capitals generously and adequately as is the Government of the United States. In none of the capitals studied was there found a condition analogous to that which prevails in Washington— where some members of the National Legislature which exercises exclusive cont-ol over the municipality wish to e the obligation that accom- fes power. In Paris, for instance, it was found that the community was Jealous of some of the few powers over the municipality exercised by the French government, yet wanted the French government to contribute more generously to the support of Paris. In ‘Washington, the tendency of some of the gentlemen on Capitol Hill is to control exclusively without paying. Other interesting comparisons were brought out in the survey of 1916. The committee might profit by making another one. S Hopes of legislative harmony are too often based on a futile expectation that some one may be induced to change his mind. — e Soviet Dumping Abroad. A useful service is performed by the Foreign Policy Association in calling at- tention to the Soviet government's policy of dumping grain and raw ma- terials in foreign markets at prices generally believed abroad to be below the cost of production. As the result of its own survey of the situation, the assoclation concludes that it “presents no immediate menace.” In substantia- tion of that view, the fact, among others, is cited that “Russian exports still fall short of the pre-war level” In the case of the United States, Rus- sia sent to this country in 1929-3¢ ap- proximately $23,500,000 worth of com- medities of all kinds, as compared with $29.315,000 in 1913, Americans should take due nole of another fact adduced by the Foreign States’ Rights and Duties. President Hoover has taken a definite stand on the subject of relief for un- employment and the drought stricken areas. He has urged and continues to urge that the States and municipalities deal with the major part of these prob- lems. The Federal Government, in the President’s opinion, can well set an ex- ample and point the way in this emer- gency by going ahead with construction work, giving employment to many thou- sands of persons, and by loaning money to the farmers in the drought areas. But beyond this the President would not have the Federal Government go. Opposed to the President’s plan of relief are a considerable group in the Senate and a lesser group—in propor- tion to the size of the two bodies—in the House. These groups are asking for greater appropriations from the Federal Treasury than the administration be- lieves are wise or necessary. It is ob- vious that the Federal Government cannot bring an end to the unemploy- ment situation by dipping into the Treasury and pouring out the money— ception of the Soviet's economic ma-|and narrow escapes have been recorded “novelty,” as seedsmen call such things, but in time it became a standard, until today no one stops to think much about it. Similarly the professional and ama- teur grower of vegctables has been given a large number of edibles which are distinct improvements on old types, not new creations in any sense, but rather new forms of old types with some essential improvement, or lacking some evident disagreeable quality. The so-called “rustless asparagus” is another example. In this good work, quietly conducted by men with efficient and loving hands, the United States Department of Agri- culture has as quietly and efficiently co- operated. Such men as Keeney leave living memorials to themselves every year in a million gardens, although the gardeners may never have heard their names, oot A Beacon on the Monument. Aviators, particularly those who fly at night, will doubtless be gratified to learn of the decision to place a dis- tiactive beacon on top of the Washing- ton Monument, The Monument has long been known as a serious menace to those who zoom through the sky in darkness. It is quite close to the prin- cipal airports of the National Capital by pilots coming in for landings. With adequate illumination, which in these days of heavy air travel should be an essential on every tall structure near airports, the Monument will serve as a guiding point for fiyers. The Capitol dome sometime ago was similarly treated after a night airmail pilot had avoided a crash with it by inches in a heavy mist. The sooner the work is THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. The fireplace! If there is any word in the English language which warms the heart, it is “fireplace.” Hearth and heart! How strange it is that these two words, so different in meaning, are yet 5o alike in spelling. “Hearth” is merely “heart” with an “h” hitched to it. A fireplace is at once the center of attraction in every room which has one, and the desire of all families which do not own one. And there can be no fireplace, of course, like a real one, with a real hearth, a genuine chimney, flanked by a fireset and wood basket. * K K K The wood-burning fireplace is the one which warms the heart and mind best of all. There are some advantages to the coal-burning hearth, and to other types, but for old-time satisfaction nothing can quite take the place of the light which comes from burning logs. There 1s something elemental, un- doubtedly, about the hearthstone set with andirons, upon which repose for their brief period of glory fresh logs brought in from the outdoors with all the smell of fresh air upon them. There is no pleasanter household task, whether for man or woman, than preparing the fireplace for the late afternoon fire. Some prefer the evening fire, while some like to kindle it in the morning, but connoisseurs usually take the hours between 4:30 and 6, or extend it per- haps to 7 or 8, or maybe later. Just as dusk comes down, or perhaps a little before, is the best time to light the fire. For home-coming ones there is no better greeting except a kiss. R One can spend a great deal of money on a fireplace, and it is money well spent, too, but it is not at all necessary. ‘The essential thing is a good hearth, completed the better. e ‘Trade should, of course, be conducted in entire frankness. The methods of Soviet Russia’s immense economy of production are in many minds a mys- tery. It was hard for schoolboys “to swap” the contents of both hands when one of the boys insisted on keeping a hand behind his back. —— e ‘The average citizen resents the word “dole.” The jintelligent and perma- nent solution of an employment situa- tion must depend on the mental ability to devise an industrial system that will utilize to the fullest extent what economists have described as the most important power on earth, man power. e good firebrick, good chimney, good draft, good damper—and good wood. Failure in any one of these elements will make a fireplace a nuisance. With all of them properly worked out, a home has real fireplace pleasure ahead of it. Fireirons was the old name for the modern fireset, which consisted then as it does now mainly of tongs, poker and shovel. Often a small brush or broom is added. Many like the fireset in dull black, with shiny brass knobs, or handles, while others prefer the all-brass. Wood baskets, as all know, come in wrought iron, brass and wicker, and then there are innumerable other gadgets one may acquire from year to year, such as fancy lighters, and so on. ‘We say nothing of a crane, for only the greatest of fireplaces, the sort which will hold trees, almost, deserve this an- clent heritage. The smaller fireplaces will do very well with their brass andirons, and their firescreens, and their firesets, and their Communists clalm to have certain im- portant ideas as to a reorganization of which in the present instance would not be there but would have to be raised by taxing the people. The prob- lem in this country is one which can be dealt with more effectively by the communities in which the unemploy- ment exists. The Federal Government, even if it undertook to make distribu- tion of funds to the unemployed, or to provide every one with a job, would not be in a position effectively to carry on the work. Governmental red tape must usually be cut when it comes to emer- gencies if effective action is to be had. ‘The disposition on Capitol Hill is to attack proposals advanced by the Chief Executive, no matter what the proposals may be. If Mr. Hoover urges economy in Government expenditure at this time, he is charged with supporting the social relationships. They are rather too complex to be intelligibly conveyed by a series of placards in an impromptu parade. ————————— The Army foot ball hero, Ray Stecker, comes from Hazelton, Pa., not a very big town, and another example of how the small communities often produce the most famous men. —————— His fondness for athletic endeavor has not yet tempted Mussolini to over- exertion which might compel him to recognize a family physician as an auto- crat even greater than himself. ———————. ‘Thanksgiving produced enough alco- holic tragedies to offer a warning that Christmas should be celebrated with wealthy taxpayers of the country and turning his back on the poor. Indeed, the very essence of the resolution now before the Senate, offered by Senator La Follette of Wisconsin, & critic of the administration, is that the unemployed are to be favored over the wealthy. The resclution would place the Senate on record as declaring that such is the belief of the upper house of Congress. Such should be the belief not only of the Senate but of every man and woman with a heart. The purpese of the La Follette resolution, however, is to give President Hoover a buffet on the ear; to make the country believe that the Secnate has the interests of suffering humanity at heart but that the Presi- dent has not. There is a very con- siderable chance that if some of the critics of the edministration keep on in their present course, the country will come to the conclusion that after all Mr. Hoover was right when he said that some of the members of Congress are playing politics with human misery. Aside, however, from the question of attacks made upon Mr. Hoover, it is a sound policy that would have the States and municipalities, the local communi- ties, deal with the problem of relief in this country. It is the policy upon which this country has grown independent and great. When the States and the local communities turn finally to Wash- ington for ald on every occasion—the theory on which the Government has been constructed and the philosophy of American institutions will have been abandoned. Who is to halt the advance of centralization of all Government in Washington is a question. More and more the demand comes from repre- sentatives of States which originally were strongly for States’ rights—which also implies States’ duties. When the dual system of Government, with the States dealing with affairs local to them and the Federal Government only with those things with which the States can- not deal for the entire country, breaks down, there will have been established in Washington a centralized Govern- ment which, from its very size, may collapse. o ‘There is just one exalted title to which Mr. Ritchie of Maryland appears ineligible, that of ex-Governor. . The Stringless Bean. Among the essential men of Amer- ica's progress must be counted those who, from time to time, have bred new types of vegetables, either making two grow where one grew before, or creating a new type through the re- moval of disagreeable characteristics. Among these humble heroes was Calvin Noyes Keeney, who died last Policy Association. That is that four European countries—France, Belgium, Hungary and Rumania—have taken week at Leroy, N. Y. Although na- tionally known as & seed grower, his honest sentiment and without indis- criminate artificial stimulation. ————— The score of 6 to 0 in favor of the Army foot ball players is calculated to leave the Navy lads more than ever im- pressed with the belief that there is no Santa Claus. ———— ‘There are Senators who hesitate to enter a World Court unless it is equipped with red lights indicating exits in case something very serious happens. —————— Co-operation is desired by Senator Robinson. But it is always the privi- lege of a Senator to make careful in- quiries as to the results of any course of procedure. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Sufficiency of Hostilities. Since first man trod this blossoming earth He fought for all that he was worth, And reckless warriors risked their lives, Sometimes for gold, sometimes for wives. For centuries this has gone on Since Reason first began to dawn, And now by Reason we're advised To be a bit more civilized, Seeking from strife a glad release And making this a world of Peace. Though Reason often fills the mind With doubts that bring a mood unkind, On this point still she lays great stress— Fighting is just Plain Foolishness. So, let us cease the customs rough And say at last, “We've Had Enough!” A Shade of Envy. “How does_ it feel to be unquestion- ably an idol of the populace?” “How should I know?” rejoiped Sen- ator Sorghum. “I haven't had the training to be & foot ball player, and I'm too old, anyhow.” Jud Tunkins says he never yet knew a man who felt like bragging about his wealth when it came to reporting his income tax, ‘Mechanization. The gangsters find us much surprised And overwhelmed with doubt; If this age must be mechanized, Let's leave machine guns out. A Selfish Attitude. “I hope there will never be another war,” sald Miss Cayenne. “We all hope s0. Have you & special reason of your own?” “Yes, I don't want expectations of Army and Navy foot ball games in any way interfered with.” “Any man,” said Hi Ho, the sage of lasting fame will come through the Chinatown, ‘“can teach the rules of moral conduct, but no man can formal steps to protect themselves|fact that he originated the stringless | pe relied on to follow all his own teach- against Soviet dumping. In October of this year the French cabinet adopted & decree providing that henceforth the bean. To remove the “string” from beans was to do something which millions Appeal to Law. importation of a number of Soviet|of housewives longed for, but which | The Communists are curious elves, products would be subject to license. The imports specified were grain, meat, it took a practical seedsman to achieve. The result was secured, not through ‘Who from our laws demand release. They start a quarrel ‘mongst themselves ‘eggs, sugar, timber, lint, glue and gela- | magic or horticultural hocus-pocus, but | And then they call for the policel tin. The French minister of com-|simply by breeding various strains of Jmerce pointed out that his government | beans which had lesser amounts of | “I can't see no sense,” said Uncle ‘was proposing to do nothing more than | “string” to other varieties with similar ' Eben, “foh a soap box orator when de ‘Russis itself does under its monopoly Pproperties. ‘Winter'’s comin’ on and & soap box is shining guard rails, their wood holders. With these, we are ready for the wood. * K ok ok Select the back log, put it in first, then build up the remainder on the andirons to suit the individual fancy. ‘There are “approved methods” of build- ing fires, it is true, but a little free hand may be permitted; a man may be an artist with his logs no less than with his brushes, ‘The humbler matters of paper and kindling and the actual lighting of them all may be left to the fancy of each firebulider, The fireplace is his; it is the place for fire, the controlled place where Nature's draft takes charge, and logs turn themselves neatly into heat, flame and smoke. Up the chimney goes the smoke, to the glorious snapping and crackling which help to make up the fascination of the fireplace! Not a drop of smoke comes into our nostrils, for the damper is set, chimney and draft are fine. The woed is dry, it burns well and easily, with pic- turesque leaping flames which honor the sturdy firebrick. * ok ox x Now is the time to sit back in one's chair and gaze with fascination at the leaping flames. Those flames remind one of the sea waves; there is something strangely alike in their action, although no two clements could be more dissimilar than fire and water, Yet as one watches the fire burn higher and higher, with its ever-vary- ing tongues of flame, multi-tinted for his peculiar benefit, he realizes that the forces of Nature are much alike, wher- ever found or under whatever form. We have watched the breakers on the seashore, watched them roll, never two after the other by the hour, never two the same, yet all much alike; have suc- cumbed to the hypnotic influence of their rolling; and now we sit by the fireplace, watching the leaping flames, as the chimney draft pulls them up, seeing the curling bits of smoke which puff out of the right side, watching the leaps and darts of fire, hearing the sharp snap of escaping saps and juices. And as we sit here we realize that the two are one in effect, that, water and flame though they be, Nature has economized her forces here, producing the same effect on beholders, so that fish and salamanders must know the same things, and have the same sensa- tions, and that we, as human beings, when watching the fire in the fireplace come the nearest we will ever come to understanding fish and salamanders. S One should not be a pig about his fireplace. That is why it is both cheaper and better to stint one’s self with it rather than run it constantly. The modern home scarcely needs the wood fire for comfort, but, aside from that, moderation is a virtue here as elsewhere. If the fire in the fireplace is made an event rather than the usual, its ap- peal will be the greater. ‘We believe that that is the way most people run their fireplaces. Then every bit of its flaming life remains interest- ing, down to the last glowing embers, when black and white ash mingle, and heat alone remains in the firebricks, which will radiate for several hours after the last spark is out. Draw the firescreen close so that no lingering bit of wood may come to life, and let us follow the fireplace to rest. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. That important and industrious branch of the White House charged with the duty of keeping an ear to the ground is persuaded that, whatever Congress thinks of the Hoover relief program, the country -approves it Newspaper editorials form the basis of this belief. On a single day last week 229 favorable editorial utterances piled up. They originated in all parts of the Union and_represented all shades of politics. One of the earliest and strongest commendations was in the New York World, leading Democratic organ. Some of the President’s news- paper supporters think his choice of phraseology might have been happier, but there is virtually unanimous agree- ment that in standing guard at the Treasury door against reckless raids on the people’s money, Hoover's position is unassailable. ‘This observer's atten- tion_has been drawn to a bit of canny Coolidge wisdom on this score 1': years “B. C."—before the crash. Ad- dressing the annual business meeting of the government, “Cal” said, early in 1928: “The steady increase in State and municipal governmental costs can- not continue longer without disaster. It is a red flag, warning us of the danger of depression and a repetition of the disaster which overtook the country at the close of 1920.” EIE All sorts of stories are afloat about the “background” of the feud between the White House and Congress. One circumstantial yarn is to the effect that Col. Arthur Woods, the President’s un- employment chairman, submitted to the cabinet seven or eight concrete propo- sals for grappling with the jobless situ- ation on grandiose lines. The plan is said to have called for disgorging of public funds on a colossal scale, which would have put hundreds of thousands of idle hands to work all over the country and kept them at work for the better part of a year. Col. Woods’ al- leged recommendations were scrapped— 50 the report goes—on the ground of their excessive cost. Another tale is that in reading the riot act to Con- gress, Hoover had mainly in mind the project to cash the soldiers’ bonus cer- tificates, aggregating a total estimated as high as $3,000,000,000. The bitterest criticism of the President in House and Senate cloakrooms is that he is pur- suing a flea-bite and drop-in-the-bucket policy on emergency relief. This has been’ the keynote of discussion on the floor in both branches, too. * ok kK ‘Washington newspaper men who at- tended Gov. Gifford Pinchot’s invita- tion press conference on Saturday came away convinced that the Pennsylvanian theie and then shied his big, black sombrero into the 1932 presidential ring. Pinchot foreshadows power as the para- mount_issue two years hence, but in- dicated that prohibition will not be wholly ignored. One of the journalis- tic wags who went to the Governor's seance says that Penn's new G. O. P. boss has now hoisted alliterative colors to the breeze: “Power, Prohibition and Pinchot.” ok Mrs. Medill McCormick (that’s what Representative Ruth Hanna McCormick is now calling herself) beamed like anything but a defeated senatorial can- didate as she proudly introduced her willowy young daughter Katrina to Capital society the other day. The throngs of friends at the reception got the impression that “Ruth” looks bet- ter and feels better than she has for a long time, now that her two strenuous campaigns—primary and election—be- long to the ages. Mrs. McCormick will throw herself into the farewell weeks of her congressional duties and then, so her friends are assured, retire to privace life. It isn't likely to be altogether private, for Mark Hanna's daughter isn’t built that way. Her big home in Georgetown is sure to be the scene of high, even if unofficial, politics in the days to come. s e The late Senator Lee S. Overman of North Carolina was the last surviving member of the Senate conferees who ut the final O. K. of Congress on the gomfi act. A few hours before his death last week the noble old Roman, who looked the part of a Senator as if chiseled for it, told some friends of Mabel Walker Willebrandt that he had stood unflinchingly for section 29 of the enforcement act. It is under that do- mestic wine-making vision of the law that the Californ trate folks are now mw“g:pe R once in a while Assoclate Jus. tice Oliver Wendell Holmes of the Su preme Court dines quielly at a down- town hotel where Mrs. Holmes and he lived during their early days in Wash- ington. One night the head waiter, suggesting a dessert, told Holmes that there was a particularly succulent tapioca pudding on the bill. The vet- eran jurist turned smilingly upon his would-be benefactor and ejaculated: “My friend, one of the pre-nuptial clauses in my marriage contract with Mrs. Holmes was that tapioca pudding should never be served at our table!” . Col. Charles A. Lindbergh dropped into Washington from the sky to fill & social engagement during the week end. In the course of his literally flying visit this observer encountered Senator Mor- row's son-in-law, and recalled the time, a year or two ago, when “Lindy,” Am- bassador Harry Guggenheim and the scribe breakfasted together in a Wash- ington hotel. There was mention of the succulent Virginia ham—gift of Gov. Harry Byrd—which Lindbergh had just flown to Washington, after a sojourn in Richmond. The colonel, at the break- fast threesome, did the honors at the carving table and then served the slices all around. “Funny thing about that ham,” Lindbergh reminisced. “It mys- terfously disappeared right after our breakfast, and what was left eould never be traced.” * K K K A certain distinguished member of Congress recently moved into a brand- new mansion built to his plans, in one of Washington’s swagger residential districts. The street number is 2222. A political crony called his attention to the fact that 2222 is the number of the “joint” on Wabash avenue, in Chicago, where Al Capone began his career 10 years ago. The house became famous in gangland as “The Four Deuces.” The congressional inhabitant of 2222 street northwest. claims he doesn’t play poker, so he isn't afraid anybody will dub his menage “The Four Deuces,” (Copyrirht. 1930.) r——— Ohio Expert Contrasts Various Love Methods From the Toledo Blade. Here's a theme from the heart-balm department, that corner of almost every newspaper where feminine emotions are given a time exposure. Ordinarily, per- haps, not stately enough for editorial discussion. But why should one corner usurp the ups and downs of emotional life? The subject concerns human love, love leads to matrimony, the corner stone of the American home, and this is a home newspaper. It is like this: The girl asks Doris, the corner oracle, whether it is wise or otherwise “to let a man be aware of the full extent of your feelings about him.” Some say keep him guessing; others hold to 50-50 love making. Doris admits it is the privilege of modern girls to be rather barefaced about their emotions. Doris also says she has seen men “‘practically railroaded into marriage by the enthusiasm of a girl's feelings for them.” That isn't all. “They lived to thank their lucky stars they drew such a prize.” Some of these discussions are based on the error that love-making is of two kinds, ancient: and modern. Really, there is only one distinction—publicity. ‘Where girls once wept on their pillow they now weep in the corner of & news- As for the man, who is not if he is not a “dumb egg,” he has some intuitions of his own. Usually he knows when he is being railroaded to the altar. Even the cave man knew his stuff, o Degrees in Falling. From the New Lendon Day. ‘The French government seems to fall Just as often, or oftener, as any South American government. The difference is the French government doesn’t fall 50 hard or so far. —_— e Small Town Racket. From the Detrolt News. There was nothing in the home town to correspond to the modern racket, ex- cept holding up the grocer for $2 for an ad in the Happy Five's dance pro- gram, e “Red” Wheat in U. S, -| Prom the Miami Dally News. The best quality of hard red Winter wheat, says the Department of culture, is produced in the U States. Is this calculated to make ted 3 the Russlan reds tum grgen with envy? The Political Mili By 6. Gould Lincola. North Carolina faces a new deal in political leadership. Senator Furnifold 3 who on March 4 next completes 30 years' service in the Upper House, goes out of office, having failed to be renominated by his party. For 28 years the late Senator Lee Slater Overman, served side by side with Sen- ator Simmons. Three days ago he died. ‘The old order passeth. In place of Senator Simmons there comes to the Senate Jotiah W. Bailey, able lawyer and speaker, who won the Democratic nomination over the veteran Senator in the primary last Summer. Already the successor of Senator Overman has been chosen by Gov. Gardner, Cameron Morrison, selected for the appointment, served as Governor from 1920 to 1924. Senator Overman's term of office has still two years to run, and it is under- stood that Gov. Morrison will hold on until the elections are staged in 1932. He had expected to be a candidate for the Overman seat in that year in any event. He will doubtless be a candidate for election when the time rolls around. R Morrison becomes the senior of the two Senators who will serve in the Seventy-second Congress, though only a few months will separate them in the matter of service. Morrison was a sup- porter of Bailey in the senatorial pri- mary this year against the veteran Senator Simmons. The issue was party loyalty, with the refusal of Senator Simmons to support the Democratic national ticket headed by Al Smith in 1928 the major matter of contention. In other words, the two new Senators belong to the faction in the State which stood for Smith in 1928 against the Simmons leadership. Senator Overman, who followed Senator §immons so long in North Carolina political battles, left Senator Simmons in 1928 and supported the Democratic ticket. Both of the new Senators from North Carolina have the reputation of being aggressive political leaders. They will have to start at the bottom of the sena- torial ladder when they reach Washing- ton, it is true, but there are plenty of North Carolinians ready to predict they will make their mark in the Senate be- fore they have been there long. North Carolina, however, in the interim will lose important committee assignments in the Senate which have been held by Simmons and Overman. Senator Sim- mons is the ranking Democratic mem- ber of the Senate Finance Committee. He was chairman of the committee dur- ing the Wilson administration and the last Democratic tariff act bears his man was ranking Democratic member of the Senate committees on appropria- tions, judiciary and rules, all important committees. * kK X Mr. Morrison is expected here to take the cath of office as fast as trains can bring him, perhaps today or tomorrow. He will arrive in time to take part in the expected fight ove~ the nomination of Frank R. McNinch of Charlotte, N. C, to be a member of the Federal Power Commission. The Senate Inter- state Commerce Committee had Mr. McNinch before it Priday. He was the anti-Smith Democratic leader in North Carolina in 1928 and he is violently op- posed by the Democarts who followed Smith in that campaign. Senator Robin- son, of Arkansas, Democratie leader of the Senate and the running mate of Al Smith two years ago, has announced that he proposes to fight the appoint- ment of McNinch if it is reported to the Senate. Senator Simmons is still in the Senate and it is understood will strongly support the confirmation of McNinch. ‘The row over the McNinch nomination is merely the aftermath of the struggle which has been going on in North Carolina against Senator Simmons and his leadership for the last couple of years, The anti-Simmons Democrats have for years sought to gain the ascendency over the veteran leader, who dominated Democratic politics for more than a quarter of a century. His declination to follow Smith gave them the chance which they had heen look- ing for, * K ok % Just when it seemed as though cago might be able to “lose” Big Bil Thompson from the office of mayor, in the election next Spring, things are looking up for the mayor. The Demo- crats are divided among themselves and the Republicans have so far shown no ability to get together and oust Big Bill from the City Hall. Added to that, it now appears that Thompson is to succeed in putting through his big lot- tery scheme to aid unemployment and build up trade for many of the stores in Chicago. He devised the plan of having each purchaser of goods given a coupon bearing a number. These numbers were to play their part in a great lottery with $100,000 as the prize. ‘The merchants would be called upon to put up the prize money, since it was planned to boost their business, stimu- late trade and do away with unem- ployment. ‘The Federal Government, through the Post Office Department, frowned on the scheme, but Thompson amended the plan in some particulars and the department reversed its first decision. This lottery may aid Bill ‘Thompson in his campaign for re-elec- tion. Big Bill also has been relieved of a great burden when the Superior Court decided in his favor in the fa- mous suit brought against him by the Chicago Tribune, which was to cost him a million dollars or more. Then he had his appendix out, and, from a sick man, is now in the saddle again. * K Kk ‘The Democrats in Chicago have been unable so far to agree cn a candidate for mayor. Anton Cermac, better known as “Tony,” who was re-elected last month president of the Cook Coun- ty board and is chairman of the county Democratic committee, is a candidate. Michael L. Igoe, however, a power in the party organization and Democratic national committeeman, is not yet will- ing to assent to the nomination of Cermac. There has been talk also of nominating Col. A. A. Sprague, a suc- cessful business man, who was the Democratic nominee for the Senate sev- eral years ago. Sprague, however, is not willing to enter a free-for-all race for the nomination. The Republicans who are opposed to Thompson and_his city hall crowd are expected to place a candidate in the field for the mayoral- ty nomination. There is talk, too, of Charles Barrett, another of the city politiclans, making the race. Perhaps the faction which follows Senator Charles §. Deneen, who retires from the Senate next March, will put a candidate in the field. Indeed, it is entirely likely it will do so, provided there seems to be a chance of success. The suggestion has been made that perhaps Senator Deneen himself might become a candidate for mayor of the city. Certainly if his faction could nominate a mayor it would be & big step for Senator Deneen toward & po- litical comeback. He was defeated last Spring in the senatorial primary by Mrs. Ruth Hanna McCormick, who had the aid of the Thompson faction in that primary. Thompson left Mrs. McCormick, however, as soon as he brought about the defeat of Deneen, and supported Senator-elect James Hamilton Lewis. Lewis, according to reports from Chicago, has been ill with a cold and threatened pneumonia. * ok K K Democratic leaders are beginning to figure on their chances for winning the next national election and placing a President in the White House. The one thing that is causing them worry, how- ever, is the possibility that factional differences may arise in their own ranks which would give the Republicans a chance to win in 1932. Every effort will be made from now on to maintain harmony. Furthermore, having used the “failures” of the Republican admin- &unfln&—t&: Democratic .'?'m—-w ;}: em congressional campal this year with considerable success, the party leaders are now seeking to perfect a_definite constructive program upon which their party may stand in 1932. One of the matters which has caused quite with' ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Did you ever write a letter to Frederic J. Haskin? You can ask him any ques- tion of fact and get the answer in a personal letter. Here is a great educa- tional idea introduced into the lives of the most intelligent people in the world —American newspaper readers. It is a part of that best purpose of & news- paper—service. There is no charge ex- cept 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Address Frederic J. Haskin, director, The Evening Star Information Bureau, Washington, D. C. Q. Lately we got a station on our radio which sounded like Renosa. Where is it?—R. D. P. A. The Federal Radio Commission ' says that Station XED, in Renosa (or | Reynosa), Mexico, operates on 961 kilo- cycles, 312 meters, and is a 10,000-watt station. Renosa 1s located in Tamauli- pas, Mexico, Q. Why does tinfoil coming in con- tact with the gold filling in & tooth cause a sharp pain?—T. E. C, A. It is the result of a slight elec- trical current which is thus generated. | Q. What kind of & snake is a black mamba®—T, L. P, A. The black mamba is merely a popular term among the African na- tives for large black reptiles and is not any particular speci Q. Could members of the President’s cabinet be permitted to sit in Congress without amending the Constitution?— A. “Our Government,” by Garner & Capen, says that members of the cab- inet cannot at the same time be mem- bers of either house of Congress. They could, however, be allowed to occupy seats for the purpose of advocating or opposing the enactment of laws affect- ing their departments and for giving explanations to Congress and defending their policies against attack. This privi- lege could be allowed without amend- ing the Constitution, and President Hom;rr is said to favor such an arrange- men Q. When was tea first shipped to the American colonies?-—I, W. C. A. The Dutch East India Co. intro- duced tea into the Netherlands early in the seventeenth century. It reached England as early as 1657 and was shipped by the English to the American colonies in 1680. At that time it was selling at $5 a pound and upward, ac- cording to the quality. Q. When did New York City first have mounted police?—W. C. . 93‘. They went on duty September 9, Q. What vocation did John D. Rock- efeller follow before he became inter- ested in ofl?>—M. T. A. Mark Sullivan in “Our Times" says that when Rockefeller's family moved to Cleveland, he began work as a book- keeper. He saved enough money to become a partner in a produce commis- sion firm, and then with his partner and a mechanical engineer, in 1862, he ventured into the oil refining business, Q. What is cloisonne?—G. M. F. A. It is the name applied to a method by which enamel is laid out in a pattern with strips of flat wire. The spaces are filled in with enamel paste, which is then fused into place. Q. Is there a vehicular tunnel be tcwv:;-‘n Canada and the United States?— 'A.The first international vehicular tunnel is the Detroit-Windsor Tunnel. Q. How many tribes of Israel were in Palestine at the time of Christ?—R. N. A. The dispersion of the tribes of Israel had occurred several centuries be- fore the time of Christ. so at that time there were only the United Tribes of Judah and Bepjamin living in Palestine, Q. Is the moon & luminous body?— c.D. A. A luminous body is one which emits light. The sun is a luminous boqy. Bodies which shine by light other than their own are called illumi- nated bodies. The moon is an illu- minated body. Q. What was the Spanish Alarm?— D. B. H A. The North Carolina Historical So- clety says that the Spanish Alarm was the attacks on the North Carolina coast in 1747-48 by the Spaniards. In 1747 an expedition attacked Beaufort, and in 1748, Brunswick. > Q. What the the meaning of “Fourteen Hundred”?—R. 8. N, A. It is the cry raised on the Lon- the cry, | don Stock Exchange to give notice that a stranger has entered the “House.” It is said to have originated at a time when for a considerable period the number of members had remained stationary at [1,399. Q. Who was recently awarded the George Robert White Medal?>—R. C. A. Dr. David Fairchild, botanist and agricultural explorer, has been awarded this medal by the Massachusetts Horti- cultural Soclety. A summary of career of this sclentist shows that at least 80,000 separate species and va- rieties of useful plants have been added to the Nation's resources tbrough his efforts. 1 Q. Please give a brief biography of Frank B. Kellogg, the peacemaker.— M. M. D. A. He was born at Potsdam, N. Y, December 22, 1856. Went to Minne- sota with his parents in 1865. Had a common school education. Admitted to the bar in 1877. Married Olara M. Cook of Rochester, Minn., in 1896. Was city attorney for three years, county attorney for five years. Moved to St. Paul, Minn, in_1887. Was special counsel for the United States in the case against the paper and Standard Ofl trusts, and for the Interstate Commerce Commission in the investigation of the Harriman railroad. Also counsel for the United States in the action to dis- solve the Union Pacific merger. Senator from Minnesota, 1917-23. Ambassador to Great Britain in 1924. Was Secre- tary of State, 1925-28. At present time is judge of the World Court. Q. What date was the first Monday in August, 18992—A. F. B. A. It was the seventh of the month. Q. Is Admiral Lord Beatty Irish or Scotch?—N. N. A. Admiral Lord Beatty is the sec- ond son of Capt. David eld Beatty of County Wexford, d. Earl Beatty owns many places in Ireland, Scotland and England. He matried a of Chicago. daughter of Marshall Fleld Complaint from Railroads Reaches Sympathetic Ears Complaints by the railroads that they suffer from excessive regulation while their moterized and other competitors have greater freedom are seriously re- ceived by the American public, which shows an open mind toward corrective legislation. The rail lines themselves demand definite action. Although jus- tice in their plea is recognized, caution is advised against laxity in dealing with transportation. Vigorous expression of opinion comes from the Chattanooga Times, which feels that “it behooves the public to consider the plight of the and make earnest effort to remove the cause of their growing troubles.” Pointing out that “Government builds highways and permits busses and trucks to compete ‘with the railroads and use the highways at a nominal charge,” the Times adds, “Self-interest alone should cause the mfle to demand that the operation of and_truck lines should be placed upon a basis that would compel them to compete with the railroads without subsidy by the Government.” “How to adjust the situation eqi- tably,” says the Hartford Times, “is not an easy problem to solve, yet consid« eration for the ra. oad’s plight in the battle to retain patronage should be greater than it has been in the past. If the railroad’'s patronage diminishes, the rates for it must increase. Public convenience and necessity demand a due and suitable proportioning of trans- portation charges, with all public trans- portation under a common regulatory policy. Otherwise there is inevitable increase in the Nation's total traffic bil without a well rounded betterment in the service and safety for the vast in- vestments involved in providing it. The legislative problem suggested is becom- ing more and more urgent with the had | service, refuse to protect them against passage of time.” * K kK “Although the railroads are not ex- tending their lines into new territory,” observes the Seattle Daily Times, “they have been tremendously active during the last decade. They have improved their roadbeds, built double tracks on their main lines, increased the power and efficiency of their locomotives and have established a new record in mak- ing repairs to their rolling stock. Car shortages are now unheard of, although car loadings have reached unprecedent- ed heights. The country would make a serious error if it pressed its ham- pering regulations to a point where the railroads could not command new capital. If the transportation lines are to continue to give efficlent service, they must be permitted to earn a rea- sonable return on their capital invest- ment.” “The issue which the rail men raise is one that must be faced in justice to them and to the public, which is still primarily dependent upon the service given by these carriers” declares the Fort Wayne News-Sentinel, while the ‘Youngstown Vindicator remarks, ‘“The railroads have done much of late years to thelr credit, and since the period in which they were the objects of attacks in legislation and otherwise, public sen- timent toward them has greatly changed as there came a larger appre- ciation of their service.” “Unquestionably the logic of the sit- uation is with the railroads,” in the judgment of the Birmingham News. “As long as Congress sees fit to regu- late both their income and their outgo, it cannot, without impairing railroad unregulated competition. 4s the trans- the Democrats great trouble in the past is prohibition. It is likely that a sug- gestion will be put forward by some of the Western Democrats—some of whom are committed to the prohibition side of the issue—that the Democrats in- corporate in their next, national pl form a declaration in favor of submit- tlng the question of the repeal of the eighteenth amendment to the people of the States. Western drys say they see no reason why dry Democrats would %%t be -medw support, llvuch 2 plank. ey could do ves, they say. ‘They believe fim. Democrats gduld unite bel g:ud Gov. Roosevelt ork, who favors repeal, is far front, it 18 said by the: present in the race for the Dem presiden stand o 11 | combinations portation act stands now, it is the duty of the Interstate Commerce Commis- sion so to.adjust rates as to enable the carriers to earn a fair return on the v&l,ue of propenym u.sed’ for hn:; n_purposes. en in years vy traffic the contemplated fair re- turn has not been earned by all. ' This year, with trafic down and competi~ tion keener than ever before, it will probably not be earned by many ma transportation systems. The sif is one which Congress can hardly ore.” “With their increas army of stock- holders,” advises wd o Capital, hearing. * ¢ * They will insist on ulation of waterways, canals, oll and gas companies, busses and trucks cor- responding to regulation which is im- posed on railroads. The'only stipula- tion that may be raised to such & pro- gram is that regulation of other trans- portation should be such as is appro- priate in each case as is first of nllr:n lfihe pu!;l&lc inter strangling regulation {8 not desirable either for railroads or “‘%’g”:_ : for other public e matter is viewed with caution the Lincoln State ‘which ewnb! ments on the present eampaign for im- provement of conditions. “While the economic position of the rallroads is of importance to all inland points where there is much bulk freight to be moved long distances by rail, the his- tory of the decline of the railroads in power is even x;mre significant. Other of interests have made their threat and have been curbed. Folk who used to get excited over the power of the railroads have long since sought other interests to beco: cited over. Yet the people and the Government, are ready and able to meet any gr-sem or future threat, just as they have defeated those of the past.” * ok ok ok “Any one who has watched the of railroad earnings as reported mhm financial pages in recent months,’ vises the Chicago Dail be dis) men they are in need of relief, and any one aware of the importance dertying Socutien o S kol rities o ral see the need f o Tai credit. un- will “Forty years ago,” recalls the Rale! News and Observer, “the railroads wm united in opposition to any regulation, They said they owned the roads and the trains and had a right to run them as they pleased and charge what they pleased. In spite of their opposition, regulatory laws were enacted hy State and National governments. Today the railroads, suffering from bus and truck competition, are demand! that the same strict regulation applicable to railroads shall be enacted &s to other transportation agencies. ‘They were wrong 40 years ago; they are right now." An order by the Interstate Commerce Commission to the Pennsylvania Co., & non-operating subsidiary owned by the Pennsylvania road,” to divest itself of stock of the Wabash and Lehigh Val- ley roads” is pointed to by the Pitts- burgh Post-Gazette as based on the anti-trust law, and that paper believes that “the move will afford a test of the power of the commission to put h its railroad consolidation plan.” e Post-Gazette adds: “In reference to the railroad problem, the President in his recent message sald that further legislation is necessary to facilitate the pr¢ consolidation. In view of :s:tuu: considerations, it would seem some progress migh expected before long toward the railroad lmur- ing that has for so long been d; § From Wet to Dry? Prom the Raleigh News and Observer. ‘We go from one ext: another. The 1ast Congress was oncerned i flood relief. The problem this ngnmu is to provide for drought re- Thanksgiving Is Passed. Prom the Terrs Haute Star, submit States The average foot ball stadium soon 88 crowded as & park bench,