Evening Star Newspaper, August 10, 1930, Page 39

. FARM ISSUE STAYS | ON KARSAS STAGE Relation of Wheat to State and to Politics to Play Part in November. BY MARK SULLIVAN. Washington generally interprets the victory of Senator Allen and the oth- | #r results in Kansas on Tuesday as at least an expression of willingness to suspend judgment about the policies of the administration in agriculture_and specifically the program of the Farm Board about wheat. Republicans | make this interpretation and Demo- crats do not seriously dispute jt. It i§ true that both Senator Allen and | Senator Capper deplored the Farm Board's recommendation of reduced acreage in wheat. At the same time both are looked upon as Senators loyal to the administration. The fact is that the relation of wheat to Kansas and the relation of both to politics constitute an important as- pect of the campaign which will now | ook to the general election in No- vember. Special Problem in Three Areas. ‘Wheat and the Farm Board consti- tute a special and separate problem for Western Kansas, Western Oklsho- ma and Northwestern Texas. The Farm Board's urging of acreage reduc- tion everywhere encounters some re- luctance in all wheat-raising sections. In the sections named, however, it en- counters a particular kind of reluct- ance. This is the territory where great in- creases in wheat growing have taken place in recent years. Tiis fact ac- counts for the allusion of Chairman Legge about “the bigegs: hog in the trough,” which caused some commotion as well as some humcr in Kansas. One congressional district alone in Kansas raises more wheat than any whole State outside of Kansas. Everywhere else ‘wheat growing tends on the whole to decline. For the increase of wheat growing in Western Kansas, Western Oklahoma and Northwestern Texas there is a logical reason. The rew land in this section is better adapted to wheat than to any other crop. Also wheat can be grown here more advantageously than in other sections. Wheat growing in this section is a “mass-production” opera- tion through use of recently invented machinery which eliminates much labor. The land is cultivated in enormous units. Being ill-adapted to any other crop, the land entails an annual capital charge of only a few cents an acre. The wheat raised here is dry, hard grain | containing much protein. Believe Areas Logical. Under these conditions, Western Kan- sas and the nearby sections think they are the logical place to raise, at the lowest, cost, the great mass of wheat for America’s food. This being so, they are especially reluctant to reduce acreage. The natural economic tendency there s to raise more and mocre. This sec- tion thinks that if acreage'is to be reduced, let the reduction be made in territory where wheat raising is more expensive and less logical. Some thoughful persons think that ultimately the situation will work out | this way, and that Western Kansas and Oklahoma and Northwestern Texas will in time be the country’s main source of wheat. Some wheat always will be raised everywhere, especially in the Bast, as a rotation crop, but the raising of it will be more expensive than in Western Kansas. From the political point of view, ‘what now will ensue is a brief period of quiet and examination of the farm problem as it relates to Kansas. There remain until the general election in November three months. 18 whether, after reflection, Kansas will conclude to remain Republican and trust to working out its local problem with the Farm Board. In Washington, as well as from accurately informed sources in Kansas the common belief is that in November Kansas as a whole will go as Republican as normally. Practically everybody expects Kansas will re-elect its two Senators, Allen and Capper. As respects the House, Kansas has seven Republicans and one Demo- crat. This has been the usual ratio for some time. The prevailing expectation is that the ratio will be maintained in the November election. At the same time, two districts now held by Repub- licans are doubtful. Democratic national leaders in Washington claim very earnestly that they will win these two seats. A gain by the Democrats of two seats in Kansas, if taken as a symptom, would be decidedly significant. If the conditions of this campaign are such as o produce two more Democratic Repre- sentatives in Kansas, it would be rea- sonable to infer that throughout the whole country the Democrats would gain the 54 that would give them con- trol of the House. MISSION WORK FOUND T0 COST YEARS OF LIFE Congregation for Faith Propaga- | tion Releases Figures on Sub- ject at Vatican City. VATICAN CITY (#). he mission- ary who ventures into far-off flelds to convert pagans to Christianity sacrifices ;rnm 1{4 v: lg years of his life, say fig- res of the Congregation for Propaga- tion of the Faith. e This congregation, which directs Roman Catholic missionary activities, is studying scientific means of lengthen- ing the missionary’s active career. The statistics show that the average span of life of the missionary is 73 per cent of that of the general average #pan. For misr‘onaries in Africa this percentage is eyen lower, being only 75 per cent of the life of missionaries in ©other lands. In order to better this condition, the eongregation is considering means of instructing missionaries in medical sub- Jects. It is also considering establish- :"r:m of a corps of medical mission- es. CHURCHGOING BRINGS PENALTIES IN UKRANIA| Communist Party Expels Members for Drinking and Wife Beat- ing in “Clean-up.” KHARKOFF, U. 8. 8. R. (#).—Drink- ing, churchgoing and wife beating were among the offenses for which sentences of expulsion were meted out by the Communist party in this section of Ukrania. These findings applied chiefly to townsfolk. Most of the peasants who were thrown out in the annual “house cleaning” were found guilty of refusing to join collective farms, hidi their grain, dodging taxes and othe: dis- erediting the organization in the eyes ®f outsiders. All told the party lists were pruned by nearly 11 per ceni. Of the gulity, 64 per cent were found in the country and 36 per cent in the city. Most of the town Communists are factory workers and under constant party discipline. Farm Buildings Authorized. By a Stall Correspondent of The Star. UPPER MARLBORO, Md. August 9.—Permits have been issued by the Prince Georges County commissioners . to William Butterworth of Washington for the construction of six farm build- Snge, estimated to cost $5.600, on his ©.0-acre farm near T. B, Md. in sclence hardly exceeds curiosity; The QUeStion | they do mot_dream of devoting their | MRS. JOSEPH B. PILLEN Former Miss Cecelia Agnes Di daughter of Mr. and Mrs. William J. Dieter. —Underwood Photo. PROFESSOR URGES Necessity for German Univer- sity Reform Conceded by Educators. BY OTTO BROK. News Foreign Service. Copyright, 1930, by the Chicago Daily News. Inc. long been recognized by most German educators. Many reform proposals have been discussed, but no other plan has found so much attention as that of Dr. Eduard Spranger, professor of phi- losophy and education at Berlin Univer- sity, 'who proposes a remodeling of the German university somewhat along the lines of the American system. 01d Type Disappearing. Spranger points out that the universi- ties have become “mass institutions.” They had been established as institutes for students with purely scientific am- bitions, for an intellectual aristocracy, which does not primarily seek to obtain economic advantages from university education. The ideal student, according is_the young scholar who is ready to dévote his life to science. This type of student is no longer prominent at the universities. Perhaps it never was, but there was at least a majority of students who tried to conform to is. At present even this cannot be said. More and more students visit the universities with the exclusive desire of increasing their material chances in life by university training. Their interest lives to it. Furthermore, the universi- ties themselves have changed. They seek to get closer to real life by intro- ducing new matter into the curriculum. Branches of human knowledge like social service and sociology, which are not sciences in a theoretical sense, now thus reinforcing all those factors which tend to change the type of students, American College Is Model. The old system has become in- adeguate. On one hand, it treats every student as a prospective scholar; and on the other, it cannot offer much to the mass of students whose only aim ing to Dr. Spranger, any university reform must aim at offering ample opportunity to the future scholar as well as to the future business man or official. How can this task be fulfilled? Dr. Spranger points to the American college as a model. This, he contends, offers a good amount of useful knowl- edge, and at the same time is an ex- cellent preparation for future sci- entists. In addition to this a certain compulsion in the college prevents the who go to universities for the purpose of having a good time. & tutions at German universities, asks Dr. Spranger? The man who does not de- sire to go into science would receive a broad cultural background, a good rep- ertoire of useful knowledge, and the future scientist who passes through col- lege in order to do research and inde- pendent scientific work would no longer be hindered by the great mass of stu- i’enu who are much below his own evel. Such a change might also have a wholesome influence on the teaching staff of the German universities. Dr. Spranger courageously admits—as far as I know, for the first time—that not only the intellectual level of the stu- dents has gone down within the last structors and professors. In the college there would be good use for this latter type which has small value in the re- search departments. These, on the other hand, could be provided with only first-class scientists and could again become what they were—insti- tutions of pure science. Brown and Green Worn. PARIS (#).—Midsummer ensembles which an important dress house 1s recommending for wear at race and garden events at fashionable peach and country resorts are cool green organdy SWiss embroide{y set off wiih ha acco brow) 16th & H Sts. NW Opposite White House Furnished & Unfurnished Reservations Now Being Made Prom one room and bath to 7 rooms and 3 _baths. Electric re- rigeration, ~running ice water. Washington's most modern. finest o8t convenient apartment Inspection invited Wardman Management Metropolitan SCHOLARLY IDEALS Special Correspondence of the Chicao Daily | BERLIN, Germany.—The necessity of | reforming the German universities has | / to the old German university system, | are taught at virtually all universities, | is to acquire useful knowledge. Accord- | wasting of money and time on people | Why not establish collegelike insti- . few decades, but also that of the in- | SUNDAY Phone District 5215 @ ILVER JUBILEE YEAR” Our Twenty-Fifth Year of Public Service MAIL ORDERS! 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