Evening Star Newspaper, August 10, 1930, Page 25

PRIMARY IN THIS WEEK’S HIGHLIGHT .- Nomination of Senator George W. Norris Will Determine His Continu- ance in BY MARK SULLIVAN. F the several primaries that occur the coming week the most interesting is the one in Nebraska, which will deter- mine, so far as the nomination goes, whether Senator George W. Norris of that State shall continue in the Senate. ‘While Nebraska is the most interest- i.n&lt.he most important is the one in Arkansas, in which Democratic leader of the Senate, Joseph T. Robinson, is a candidate for renomination—a nomina- tion which in the case of Democratic NEBRASKA Senate. ously for more than half his lifetime. | The obligation put upon a Senator by receiving a nomination from a party may be comparatively slight. But Norris is indebted to the Repub- lican party for much more. Only| through claiming membership in the Republican party is Norris enabled to | be chairman cf the Judiciary Committee | | of the Senate, and it is possession of | | that quite important post that gives | Norris a considerable amount of t.» | power he enjoys in the Senate and in the country. If Norris should declare | himself an independent, if he should | take himself out of the Republican THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, AUGUST 10, 1930—PART TWO. What of This Man Lucas? New Executive Head of Republican Committee Does Difficult Things in an Efficient Way BY LORENZO MARTIN. OBERT H. LUCAS, of Kentucky, | selected & few days ago as the actual executive director of the Republican National Commit- tee and as the real organizer of the campaign for the re-election of | President Hoover in 1932, has the happy faculty of handling difficult assign- ments in an unusual but efficient way. Almost immediately after his arrival in Washington about a year ago to be- come Commissioner of Internal Reve- nue, for instance, Mr. Lucas was called upon to discuss before a radio micro- phone the second most unpopular thing in life—the collection of taxes. The primary purpose of this address was to explain to the great majority of in- come tax payers—with incomes under $10,000—how to prepare accurate re- Arkansas is the equivalent of ar elec- Ark party in name, as he has in fact. he would automatically lose his chairman- To practically everybody in Washing- ton, regardiess of party, failure of Sen- ator Robinson to get his renomination ‘would be an unthinkable thing. If news should come out of Arkansas next Wednesday morning that Joseph T. Robinson had been retired by his State from public life, the effect upon Wash- ington would be sensational. Robinson has the largest gift of lead- | ership in either party in the Senate. He is the ablest leader the Democrats have had for time out of nind. Rejection of him by his State locally w.ild be a fatality to national politics. It would deprive the Democrats of their best na: tional leader. It would hurt the Demo- crats in the Nation, because it would create among the public a disturbing feeling that the Democrats may not| adequately appreciate men of Senator Robinson’s quality. However, Washington, in the absence of detailed information, takes it com- pletely for granted that Arkansas will renominate Robinson. And much of Washington takes it for granted that if the Democratic nominee for the presi- dency two years from now is a dry, Benator Robinson, assuming he is not now rejected by his State, has by far | ship and descend to the lowest and most negligible ranks of the committees upon which he is. If he should declare himself a Democrat, he would similarly, |50 long as the Republicans are in power, | lose his chairmanship. i Norris in a Class Apart. Norris is in a class apart from the lremalnder of the 12 or 13 so-called insurgent Republicans, or, as they pre- fer to call themselves, Progressive Re-| publicans, of the Middle West. None of the others has ever gone so far from the Republican party as to support the Democratic nominee for the presidency. One wonders about this group alto- | gether. One wonders about the terri- tory that supports them. Just what is | the motive of a section of the Nation |that habitually sends to the Senate | something more than a dozen men who cling tenaciously to the party designa- |tion “Republican” but act habitually | with the Democrats in the Senate? What philosopher of that territory can tell us the reason? What prophet in that section can tell us how long this | curious situation will continue? William Allen White of the Emporia Nebraska Primary Picturesque. (Kans.) Gazette (who is supporting nator Norris) says: “Senator Norris Se If the Arkansas primary, Involving the i an frregular Republican from a terri fate-of Democratic Leader Robinson, i | tory which would rather be Republican the best chance. the most important, the Nebraska pri- mary, involving the continuance in the Senate of George W. Norris, is the more Ppicturesque. Norris is the only Republican of any ‘l;“ prominence, the only Republican ding an office as high as Senator ‘who in the 1928 presidential campaign the candidate of his own party, Mr. Hoover, and openly advocated the election of Gov. Smith. Hence one of the interesting questions to be decided by the Republicans of Nebraska on ‘Tuesday is whether they will renew the nomination of a Senator who opposed the presidential candidate of his own party and publicly indorsed the candi- date of the opposition party. ‘The case of Norris is not only unique &5 Tespects the 1928 campaign. Cases of Republicans holding high office who indorse Democratic candidates for the presidency are extremely rare in recent national history. The writer of this article cannot recall a similar case since 1896, when a very small number of Re publican Senators went over to Bryan on the free silver issue. There have been comparatively re- cent cases of Republican Senators fol- lowing third party candidates for the presicency. Several followed the late Senator La Follette's third party enter- ise in 1924. Several more followed re Roosevelt'’s third party ad- venture with the Progressives in 1912. But following a third party candidate is & different matter from supporting the candidate of the opposition in one of the two great parties. Norris of Nebraska is about the only case in more than a generation of a Republican Senator who has publicly indorsed a Democratic nominee for the presidency. In the Democratic party there were, in 1928, several corresponding examples of the same thing. In all such cases the | Democratic party in the State con- cerned has rejected the man who in 1928 the party candidate for the ncy, ex-Gov. Smith. In Ala- bama, Heflin falled to support Smith, without going so far as publicly to in- dorse Mr. Hoover—and as discipline the Democratic State organization in Alabama denied Heflin the right to run in the party primaries. Heflin is obliged this year to run on an independent ticket. In North Carolin, in 1928, Senator Simmons opposed the Democratic can- * didate for the presidency—refraining, however, from going so far as publicly | to indorse the Republican candidate, Mr. Hoover. And in North Carolina the voters at the recent June primary de- | nied a senatorial renomination to Sen- ator Simmons. ‘The cases of party defection in the Democratic party were less extreme than Senator Norris’ deflection from the Republican party. Neither Simmons nor Heflin publicly advocated the elec- tion of the presidential candidate of the opposing party. Norris, in a s h peec] at Omaha on October 27, 1928, a little | | than not.” But Mr. White would add | an interesting chapter to our cotem- porary political philosophy if he would tell us just why it is that the Missouri | Valley and the Upper Mississippi Valley cling so tenaciously to Republicanism as a designation. Just why is it this territory shrinks from sending to the Senate men who designate themselves formally as Democrats? Is it some curious memory of the Civil War sur- viving after nearly 70 years? Senator Norris, looked upon in aspects other than his willingness to act with | the party to which he nominally be- | longs, looked w as an independent, |is highly esteemed. Norris' independ- ence is temperamental rather than in- tellectual, and the admiration he gets comes, one feels, from persons who envy and admire the spectacle of a man who does the thing he feels like doing at the moment he feels like doing it— and gets away with it. Norris is a highly temperamental person, and the manifestations of his temperament as a rule are of & sort to attract sympathy and liking. .. A few years ago Norris, acting wholly ‘on his own,” acting as a solitary in- dividual, undertook to reform _the politics of Pennsylvania. When Vare of Philadelphia was running for Sena- tor in Pennsylvania, Norris, at his own expense, upon his own initiative, appar- ently consulting nobody, went into Pennsylvania and acting as a lone evangelist delivered a series of speeches | against Vare, Norris’ effort was im- pract ,_useless; but one liked him for it. What moved him, some one said at the time, was the recollection of a brother who had died in Pennsyl- vania during the Civil War, at the Battle of Gettysburg. Norris’ temperament makes him not only independent but sometimes, un- fortunately, “touchy” toward others. For months at a time while the late Senator La Follette of Wisconsin was alive he land Norris did not speak. La Follette | would take pains to avoid meeting Norris in a Senate corridor. What curious divergence of conviction could have made them antipathetic nobody knew. In their political philosophy, if Norris can be said to have a political philosophy, they were much _alike. Similarly, those who observe the Senate closely notice that Norris occasionally shows a distaste for Borah almost more definite than his distaste for such a standpatter as Smoot. Norris is a case of some intellectual independence—and of an immense temperamental soli- tariness. Norris’ Sense of Humor. Norris’ temperament endows him, when he is feeling well, with humor. As he grows older—he was 69 last month—his humor takes more and more the form of biting satire. But as recently as within a year or two he | was feeling well enough to make as| smile-provoking a remark as is often heard on the floor of the Senate. Dur- ing the discussion of & depression in| the textile business he observed that “the young woman of today wears as little on the street as her grandmother | more than a week before the presiden- tial election, publicly and forcibly re- jected Mr. Hoover, publicly and forcibly | and aigreat length indorsed GOY. yent io bed in." | Smith. | " 'Norris' political philosophy, so far as | Heresy of Norris Conspicuous. | he has a consistent one, looks toward | In yet another respect the heresy of Norris spicuous than the heresies of Simmons and Heflin from theirs. For Simmons and Heflin, their unwillingness to go along with their party in support of Gov. Smith was in each case their single act of insurgency. Apart from that one step, especially Simmons, have always been thoroughgoing Democrats, loyally regu- lar party men. Simmons in the Senate was one of the toree or four outstand- ing Democratic leaders. accurate to say, indeed, that Simmons stands next to Robinson in the official ranks of Democratic leadership. Never- | theless, in spite of this record of party regularity and high devotion to his party in the Senate, Simmons, for his one act of heresy, was punished by his party in his State. The heresy of Norris, on the othet hand, is by no means confined to his | indorsement of the opposition candi- | date for the presidency. Norris in the Senate is the persistent and consistent opponent of the party to which he nominally belongs. It might almost be sald that Norris in the Senate is the most_steady and powerful enemy the Republican party has. Norris is a far more effective adversary of the Repub- lican party than any Democrat in the Senate is; no Democrat in the Senate begins to do the damage to the Repub- licans that Norris does. No Democrat in the Senate so frequently upsets the | Republican program, none so frequently prevents fruition of Republican policies as Norris, Norris, in short, is as thoroughgoing an example of political heretic as can be. For this reason, much interest and some importance lie in seeing whether the Republicans in Nebraska give to Norris a Republican renomination for the senatorship. One wonders just how much the idea | * of group loyalty weighs with voters or With the public generally. It is in part @ question of how much Republican | voters resent the injury Norris does to| the party to which he nominally be-| longs. Broader than that is the ques-| tion how the general public feels, how | _the average man feels, about a man| who holds to membership in any organ- | fzation, who profits by that membership, | but does habitual injury to the organi- zation. It is not merely that Norris is in- to the Republican party for the tions he has had to the public that he bas occupied continu- from his party is more con- Simmons and Heflin, | It would be | State socialism. His most conspicuous advocacy recently has been for Govern- ment and municipal ownership of pub lic utilities, especially electric utilities. One feels, however, that with Norris it 15 less a case of believing in the prac- | tcability of Government ownership or lof believing in State soclalism as & philosophy than & case of strong feel- |ing against wealth and power, wher- | ever wealth and power happen to be concentrated. All that Norris says against what he calls the power trust | is true enough. Most of his long | speeches against it are crowded with | citations of the evidences of the chi- | canery of some of the managers of the clectrical industry, evidence that h been unearthed in numerous investiga- tions. 1f Norris' speeches, his steady | crusading against the electrical indus- {ry. ‘do any damage to the heads of | that industry they have only them- | selves to blame. | Norris' temperamental bent was il- | lustrated by the part he took in the | | fight the confirmation of | Charles E. Hughes to be Chief Justice. { That incident as a whole—the part | that some 26 Senators took in it—was | perhaps the least pleasant of several | recent episodes in which the Senate, to put it mildly, has been not at its best. Senator Norris' contribution to the attempt to prevent Mr. Hughes' con- firmation was characteristic. It Te- vealed his temperamental slant. “I do not believe,” sald Norris, “a man is fit to go on the Supreme bench who has never had any opportunity to | sympathize or to associate with those who toil and those who labor * * * the man who has never felt the pinch of hunger and who has never known what it was to be cold, who has never asso- clated with those who have earned | their bread by the sweat of their faces, | but who has lived in luxury, who has never wanted for anything money could buy, is not fit to sit in judgment in a contest between organized wealth and those who toil.” Omitting comment on Norris' funda- mental point of view, one wonders how much he knew of Mr. Hughes' personal history. Hughes, as the son of a very poor Baptist clergyman in a New York State village, certainly had no ad- vantages of “luxury.” Mr. Hughes' career has been of the sort that Amer- ica has habitually paid deference to. A Senator who would regard Mr. Hughes as unqualified for the Supreme Court is hardly representative of what everybody has supposed America to be. { turns, thus avoiding for themselves the | annoyance of a possible future investi- ! gation and at the same time saving the Government millions of dollars in the cost of administration. Others had attempted the same thing before him, but their addresses on this complicated subject had proved without exception dull and tedious and had failed generally in catching the inter- est of the huge audience of radio list- eners throughout the country. But the new head of the Federal tax-collecting agency approached the undertaking in his own characteristic manner. In order to clear up some of the knotty problems which confront the average man when he sits down with his income tax blank, the Kentuckian hauled into his discourse the troubled figures of Amos and Andy, and their perplexities concerning the Fresh Air ‘Taxicab Co. “The Bureau of Internal Revenue, bearing as it does confidential relation- ship with the taxpayer,” he sald, * spects that relationship and zealously guards the secrets of the taxpayer's affairs. But, inasmuch as that well known concern, the Fresh Air Taxicab Co. of America, Incorpulated, has so freely and persistently exposed its in- nermost secrets to the world, I can see | no harm in using as an {llustration for income tax purposes the private business affairs of Mr. Amos Jones and Mr. Andy Brown. Hazard to Taxicab. “In the first place, if Amos and Andy failed to file their income tax return before midnight March 15 with the collector of internal revenue at Harlem, instead of being permitted to pay their tax in four installments, the entire amount will become due at once and will carry a 25 per cent penalty as well. And the first thing you know the Government will have that taxicab up for sale to the highest bidder. “Knowing how Andy’s mind works, I think he is fixing to take a deduction for that piano he presented to Madam Queen at Christmas time. But it can't be done. By no stretch of the imagi- nation can that item be considered a business expense, and then, too, there is no assurance it will ever be paid for. The cost of repairs on the taxicab will, of course, be allowed if the repairs are ever made. But long-distance telephone calls to Ruby Taylor at Chicago by Amos and money spent for food for the madam by Andy cannot be de- ducted as a business expense. Andy's investment in the patented fly-catcher and the Kingfish’s bank may be charged off as losses in the year in which he ascertains_ them to be worthless. To these itenls we would say ‘check and double check.” “But ‘messed up’ as these two big business men admit themselves to be, I would advise that they go in persen to the office of the collector of internal revenue for information and advice. Likewise, it is suggested to all tax- payers who may need assistance in making out a proper return that they go to the office of the collector of in- ternal revenue or his deputy in their community, where they will be cheer- fully advised and shown every courtesy.” Keen Sense of Humor. This incident affords an excellent illustration of Mr. Lucas’ apt resort to his keen sense of humor when con- fronted with a difficult task, which is thoroughly characteristic of the man. By the above observations concerning the tax difficulties of the highly popu- lar radio black-face comedians the new commissioner caught the interest of thousands of radio listeners who other- wise probably would have turned the dial at the beginning of his speech. The Story the Week Has Told BY HENRY W. BUNN. HE following is a brief summary of the most important news of the world for the seven days ended August 9: * K X ¥ | . ROBERT H. LUCAS. —Wide World Photo. Amos and Andy themselves listened carefully to his remarks and afterward phoned him for additional information. His keen sense of humor and aptitude for using it in a harmless but effec- tive way has been a marked asset to this Kentuckian throughout his career. It is a trait that has been quite fo eign to such recent heads of the Re- publican National Committee as Clau- dius Huston, Hubert Work and Willlam M. Butler. Mr. Lucas’ foremost political achieve- ment occurred in 1924, when he directed the Republican campaign in Kentucky and carried the Bluegrass State for President ,Coolidge and the Republican senatorial nominee, Frederic M. Sackett, now Ambassador to Germany. It was the first time Kentucky had given its full electoral vote to a Republican ticket in a presidential contest and the first and only time it ever chose a Republican Senator when the State's other seat in_the Senate also was occupied by & Republican. Ability and affability are the two words which probably best character- ize Mr. Lucas. They explain how, al- though little known outside the Blue- grass State when he came to Wash- ington a year ago, he has been able so to impress the President and the Re- publican party's national leaders that when his name was suggested for the big job of getting the G. O. P. na- tional organization out of the rut into which it had fallen during the chair- manship of Claudius Huston of Ten- nessee, there was an immediate and apparently unanimous agreement that he was just the man needed for this | undertaking. KEnowledge of Politics. Mr. Lucas knows politics from the ground up. He has been an active worker for the Republican party in his State ever since he was old enough to | vote. When he was 21, he became a | precinct election officer in the old third | ward of Loulsville, and since then he has continuously received higher re- sponsibilities in party management. Within a year he had become a pre- cinct captain. Then, when the Re- publican split developed in 1912, he | Joined the “Bull Moose” movement and | upon to manage | was made secretary and manager of of honor to one of themselves. But un- fortunately Kings like George I are as rare as phoenixes, and it was George's own son who discredited the monarchi- cal idea for the Greeks, as shown by the plebiscite vote of April, 1924, which ap- proved the decision of the National As- sembly to abolish the monarchy and BRITISH EMPIRE.—The Westmin-|substitute a republic. ster Parliament was prorogued on Au- qust 1. England, the track and fleld team of France beat the track and field team of England, 65 points to 55. Moslem-Hindu clashes on a consider- | able scale and involving some splits of blood and many broken heads are re- ported from India. : Extraordinary dissensions are devel- oping within Nationalist ranks in India. Afridi tribesmen, estimated to number more than 5,000, advance toward Pesha- war, but the 50 or more planes of the royal air force there stationed will probably suffice to deal with them. If not, there is an adequate concentration of government troops. X GERMANY.—Under the leadership of Dr. Erich Koch, formerly leader of the Democratic party and one of the found- ers of the new Constitutional party, and of Dr. Ernest Scholze, chairman of the People’s party, further efforts are being made leading to fusion of the Bourgeois parties or, at the least, co-operation of those parties in the election campaign. T e parties showing considerable inter- est in the effort are the new Consti- tutional party (Staats pareti), the new Conservative People’s party (formed from moderate secessions from _the Nationalist), the new Land or Agrarian party (similarly so formed), the Peo- ple's party (the party of big_business, Dr. Stresemann’s) and the Economic party. The Centrists hold aloof. But according to latest advices the prospects of such & fusion are by no means bril- liant, the Grand Rubis, the Populists (People’s), _inclined to incorporation with the Right, while the Constitu- tionalist (Staater pare) would leave the way open for the co-operation with the Socialists. It is of interest to note that among the most ardent advocates of the proposed fusion is Dr. Wolfgang Stresemann, son of the great Minister. We hear that Dr. Scholze is now trying | to effect a working agreement for the duration of the election campaign be- tween the People’s party, the Conserva- tive People’s party, the Land party and the Economic party. We will do well to follow closely the developments of the German election campaign. * ok ox ok * K X x GREECE.—We are watching with great interest the experiment of a re- public in Greece. One is disposed to think that a constitutional monarchy with a King (of George 1 of Greece)— humorous, tactful, sympathetic, abso- lutely loyal to the constitution and (emphasize that) of an alien dynasty— would be the ideal arrangement for Greece, this chiefly because of the in- tense egoism of the people, which in- disposes them to concede the primacy Serene continuance of the republi On August 2, at Stamford Bridge |of co-operation between the Moderate | Republicans (Venizelists) and the Mod- erate Royalists. Outrageous behavior of | the Extreme Radicals might result in re- | version to monarchy, while, on the other hand, indiscreet’ agitation by the extreme Royalists might throw control to the Radicals. The objection to & menarchy above hinted seems to me un- answerable. The satisfactory monarch would have to be another George I and monarchs of that kidney only happen along once in a millenium or so. Like all dethroned houses, the objected Gluecksburgs have a fanatical following, but it is to be hoped that over the roll- ing years it will, like those of the Stu arts, the French Bourbons, etc., be- come small by degrees and beautifully less, leaving at last but a handful of fantastics to drink an annual toast to “the King over the water.” The Greeks have shown wisdom and self-knowledge in respect of two fea- | tures of their new constitutional edifice making for stability—that is, restora- tion of an upper chamber (Senate) and adoption of the French type of presi- dency. ‘The Greeks are the most genuinely democratic people in Europe. Indeed, it is the testmony of all outlanders who know them that they are most nearly devoid of snobbishness, the most truly democratic of all peoples in the world, except the Chinese. They have no aristocracy. Yet a sort of glamour or aura envelopes the descents of certain “heroes” or statesmen (so kind is Time) of the War of Independence—Kountoil- riotis, Manromichales, Heaimes, etc.— 50 that it is natural the President should be chosen from among those | sons of the revolution—a Heus on Clympus, far above the petty strife of politicians. But, of course, it is above all essen- there should be & sufficiency jesmen of apositive type from whom to frame a government. Greece is now happy in her Venizelos, admit- | tedly one of the ablest of living states- men. But ere long he will be going to John, his prototype Odysseus (some one has happily called him son of the Odysseus and Circe) in the happy isles. ‘What hope of competent successors? Well, a study of Greek history over the last 70 or so years seems to indicate that modern Greece, with a Trikoupes, a Heaimes, a Venizelos and others, is above the average in production of po- litical talent, and, though a cursory survey might indicate the opposite, a political analysis of the history of Greece since 1821 (the year Greeks struck for liberty) justifies the good hope that she will win through to con- stitutional stability under republican forms. ‘This year the Creeks are celebrating ar | A | would seem to depend on continuance |t the Progressive campaign committee for Loulsville and Jefferson county, which gave the ticket headed by former Presi- dent Roosevelt a much larger vote than that received by President Taft, the regular Republican nominee. His work for the “Bull Moose” ticket in Louisville proved so effective that when the Republican split healed there before the 1916 campaign, he was elected chairman of the Louisville and Jeflerson County Republican Executive Committee. In 1917, Mr. Lucas was elected to his first public office, that of prosecut- ing attorney for the Louisville police court. He took an active part in the management of the 1920 Republican campaign, in which Kentucky. although glving its electoral vote to the Demo- cratic presidential nominee, at the same time elected Richard P. t, a Re- publican, to the Senate. is work in that contest was accorded recognition when President Harding appointed him internal revenue collector for Ken- tucky, & post which he held for eight years to the entire satisfaction of Ken- tucky taxpayers of all political affills tions and until his promotion by Presi- dent Hoover to the top place in the Internal Revenue Bureau. During this period, Mr. Lucas gained a State-wide reputation for his abili- ties in the line of political organization. After the sweeping Republican victor; under his direction in the 1924 pres dential and senatorial contests, Mr. Lucas declined the appeals of his friends to accept the Republican nomi- nation for mayor of Louisville in 1925, but two years later he met his onlf political defeat when he was an un- successful candidate for the Republican gubernatorial nomination in a primary contest where the situation on local issues within both .parties made his candidacy practically hopeless from the outset. But he made a valiant fight against a powerful bi-partisan machine that opposed him and emerged from this campaign with his political pres. tige increased rather than diminished. Management in Louisville. After the primaries he was called the Republican cam- ffices in Louis- | paign for municipal o |the 100th anniversay of the definite establishment of Greek independence. Though in general discreditable to the Greek leaders, the Greek War of Inde- pendence was on the whole highly creditable to the Greek people. The affair of Missolong was one of the most heroic episodes of history, ai thrills to the exploits of Kanaris and others? The resulting sense of na- onality is as keen as any in the world. There are no people more patriotic, and it is remarkable how the attachment | of Greeks to their motherland grows by foreign residents. Intense patriot- ism, remarkable aptitude for commerce | and navigation, a passion for educa- | tion; these are assets of the first value | toward national success. We heartily | wish success to the new Greek republic | and we wish we might be participating lin the celebrations of this year at | Athens, Delphi, Eleusis, etc.; names | which recall the top of human achieve- ment, “the glory that was Greece.’ * K K K UNITED STATES.—The signing by the President, on July 4 of the rivers and harbors bill marked the initiation f work on the Government's 15-year | program of internal waterways develop- | ments, to involve a total expenditure f about $145,000,000. In connection | with_signing, the President issued & statement, as follows: “It was with particular satisfaction that I signed the rivers and harbors bill, as it represents the final au- | thorization of the engineering work by | which we shall construct and co- | ordinate our great systems of water- cated for over five years. “We can now build the many re- | maining segments of a definite canali- | zation of our river systems through which modern barging trains of 10,000 to 15,000 tons' burden can operate sys- | tematicallv_through the Midwest and | to the Gulf of Mexico and throughout the Jakes to the Atlantic. “The system, when completed, will | have 12,000 miles of waterways and will give waterway connection between such | great cities as New Orleans, Memphis, Knoxville, Chattanooga, St. Louls, Kansas City, Omaha, Sioux City, Keo- | kuk, Minneapolis, St. Paul, | Evansville, Cincinnati, Wheeling and | Pittsburgh “Throughout the great lakes and Erie | canal many of these points will have access to Central New York and the Atlantic. By its authorization for deepening of lake channels we shall support, the present commerce of the Great Lakes and make preparation for ocean shipment by the ultimate open- ing of the St. Lawrence. It authorizes numerous improvements in our harbors. “It is a long-view plan for the future. | 1t will require many years to complete | its construction. I do not propose that | we should proceed in a haphazard man- | ner, but that we should approach the | problem on sound engineering lines, completing the main trunk line systems | and gradually extending the work out- | ward among the lake rivers. “In aggregate, this inland waterway undertaking represents a larger project than even the Panama Canal. It d who put | | ways and harbors, which I have advo- | Chicago, | ‘vme, which resulted in election of the full Republican ticket. | he was again designated to manage the Republican fight in Louisville and achieved another record when the Ken- tucky metropolis gave an unprecedented Republican majority of 33,000. Naturally, as a result of this long end intimate acquaintanceship with political management, Mr. Lucas acquired a thor- | ough knowledge of the principles and methods of effective political organiza- tion. That the same principles and methods can be applied with equal ef- fectiveness to a governmental organiza- tion he has fully demonstrated since his ternal revenue in June, 1929. eight years he became deeply interested in the intricacies of Federal tax collc- tion and gradually developed an ambi- tion to direct the administration of the :;fl.ernnl Rgvenue Bureau in Washing- n. indorsed him for that Federal post dur- ministration, and when Commissioner David H. Blair of North Carolina finally submitted his resignation to President Hoover in the Spring of 1929 efforts 1o land Mr. Lucas as his suc- cessor immediately were renewed. Andrew W. Mellon, Secretary of the Treasury, however, was anxious to have one of his personal aides in Washington appointed as commissioner. The White House political advisers were in a quan- | dary. Finally they summoned Mr. Lucas to Washington and offered him the appointment as First Assistant Post- master General. ‘Without hesitation, the Kentuckian | declined that post, explaining quietly that he was not engaged in a Federal job hunt; that he was deeply interested in Federal tax collection activities and did entertain a personal ambition to un- dertake the administration of the Inter- | nal Revenue Bureau, but that he WouM | not be keenly disappointed or in the | least resentful if it should be deemed | advisable to l&‘polnt some one else to | succeed Commissioner Blair. President Is Impressed. ‘This most exceptional attitude on the part of a prospective recipient of Fed- eral patronage surprised and impressed President Hoover, who decided to ap- point the Kentuckian as commissioner of internal revenue. Since becoming head of the Internal Revenue Bureau a little more than a year ago Mr. Lucas has effected a quiet reorganization within that Federal agency and has initiated certain policies designed to simplify and improve the Government's big tax-collectiong job. He assumed charge of the bureau at a time when it was under heavy fire at the Capitol, particularly from Senator James Couzens of Michigan, Republi- can, who was chairman of a Senate committee which investigated its activi- ties and who vigorously criticized both ls;cfrztary Mellon and Commissioner air. Both President Hoover and Secretary Mellon, however, have remained fully aware of what the Kentuckian has ac- complished in this direction, and the effectiveness with which he handled a most difficult situation is believed to| have been an element in the President’s | decision that he is just the right man | to undertake the highly important task | | of putting the Republican national or- | | ganization again on a real fighting | basis. ‘When the ouster of Mr. Huston as chairman of the Republican National Committee became a settled proposition the President and administration lead- ers turned their attention toward a gen- | eral reorganization of the party’s cam- | paign machinery, in the hope that it is not yet too late to prevent the Demo- | crats from capturing control of the next | House of Representatives, and with a| view toward laying the foundation for the 1932 presidential campaign. The name of Mr. Lucas to succeed Mr. Hus- | ton as chairman of the National Com- | mittee was first suggested to President Hoover jointly by J. R. Nutt of Ohio, treasurer of that body and the most aggressive of Huston's opponents; Sena- tor James E. Watson of Indiana, major- ity Senate leader, and Postmaster Gen- eral Walter F. Brown of Ohio. A few days after this suggestion had been made at the White House the President invited Commissioner Lucas | to be one of his Exuu at a week end at the Rapidan fishing camp, where he ~(Continued on Fourth Page) rovide employment for thousands of | ynan. It nhguld be fruitful of decreased | transportation charges on bulk goods, | should bring great benefits to our farms | and to our industries. It should result in a better distribution of population | away from the congested centers.” from Sarahs Ledge, off New London, to | Brentons Reef Lightship, off Newport, the four yachts which aspire to the role of defender of America’s Cup finished in the following order: Weetamoe, En- terprise, Whirlwind and Yankee. Weet- |amoe headed Enterprise about 3 miles, | Enterprise was ahead of Whirlwind by | about 10 minutes and Yankee trailed | Whirlwind by about five minutes. The | | old Vanities and the Resolute particl- | pated. Vanities finished between En-| terprise and Whirlwind. (She started | | late and actually made better time than | Enterprise), while Resolute showed her | | heels to Yankee, faint airs finally | | brisking up to 15 miles. | "On August 4 the four new boats had | a jolly contest in areas of 10 miles from Brentons Reef Lightship to Natta- polsett (these races being incidental to | the New York Yacht Club fleet eruise); spanking breezes and high seas. The | | conditions were peculiarly congenial to | the Yankee, which won, as expected, | but the feature of the contest was the | excellent showing of the ~Enterprise. | Regarded as a light air craft, she trailed | the Yankee by only 20 seconds, while the Whirlwind (regarded as welcoming lhenvy Weather) trailed her by 12 sec- onds, the Weetamoe being a bad last, | partly because of delay in picking up a | hand who went overboard. On August 5 over a triangular course | on Bush Heads Bay, in a light, fluky | breeze, the Enterprise won, leading | Waetamoe by about 2% minutes, the | Yankee following by 18 seconds and | Whirlwind trailing Yankee by about 215 minutes, Once more the Enterprise | showed superiority in all-around work. | "On August 6, in a run of 37 miles in | light airs from Nattapoisett to Vineyard | Haven, the Enterprise beat the Yankee | by about 7 minutes, while the Yankee |led the Whirlwind by about 6 minutes. | The Weetamoe came in second, but she was ruled out for crowing Whirlwind at the starting line. | "On August 7, in a 37-mile run back to Newport, commencing in an almost | calm and ending with a 17-knot sou'- wester, the Enterprise won again, beat- ing the Weetamoe by 19 seconds, hav- | ing overhauled the latter inch by inch, while Whirlwind followed Weetamoe by about 6 minutes and Yankee trailed Whirlwind by about 2 minutes. This was the last run of the New York Yacht Club cruise. On August 8, off Newport, in a thrash 15 miles to windward and return, fair breeze and ugly seas, the Weetamoe | finished ahead of the Enterprise by | about 5 minutes, the Whirlwind follow- |ing by 8!, minutes and the Yankee | | about a minute behind the Whirlwind. | | * kK X NOTES.—Hankow seems to be seri- | | ously menaced by the Reds. In view of the menace to British persons and prop- erty, a company of British troops with machine guns has been dispatched { i will | thither. In the 1928 | presidential and congressional contest appointment as commissioner of in-| As Kentucky revente collector for | 3 ISITE FOR SUPREME COURT MADE READY FOR BUILDERS . Old Structures All Razed Except “Brick . . . » Capitol,” Which Has Been Allowed to Stand Until After Anniversary. fl‘ulp- ing will be erected has had the | ment. On the ground floor will be buildings on it demolished. |lunch rooms and rest rooms for law- Only one has escaped and the | pers, employes and the public. | wreckers will raze this one. The build-| = Naturally, the most important fea- ing that has been left is the old “Brick | tures of the building will be those Capitol” where Congress met from 1815 | connected directly with the court and to 1819. By special arrangements its| jts permanent personnel. In the Capi- time has been extended until after the | ol the robing room is of special inter- anniversary of the burning of the |est to the public, and in the court's Capitol by the British, which made| new quarters this room will still be necessary the emergency Capitol. | vested with much to inspire interest. The site of the Supreme Court Build- | 3lthough it will be more private. It | ing was chosen by the late Chief Justice | js i the robing room that & new jus- | Tatt. 1t was hoped that he would live | s M. hbes® fo_ the constitutional ! HE block in front of the Capitol| In the basement will be placed the where the Supreme Court Build- | heating, ventilating and lighting 'On August 2, in & _run of 37 miles| & to lay the corner stone, and several months before his death work was rushed to have that hope realized. It | Kentucky Republican leaders had | was Chief Justice Taft who did most | toward breaking down the opposition to ing the early part of the Coolidge ad- | moving the Supreme Court from under | the dome of the Capitol into a home of its own. Will Face Capitol. | For the location of the Court one of | the most beautiful sites in the city has been selected the Capitol, the Library of Congress.e the Senate and House Office Buildings and the Union Station, as well as being encircled by two street car lines and on the main thoroughfare that leads from Baltimore, Philadelphia and New York. The Court building will face the Ses ate wing of the itol, and will meas- ure 385 feet east and west and 304 feet | north and south. Corinthian style of architecture has been chosen as most fitting for the Nation's Supreme Court, and also because it will harmonize with the Capitol and other buildings of this group. The monumental effect desired for the building will be marked by dig- nity and simplicity secured by fine pro- portion and sparing use of appropriate design. A fitting setting for the buildings will be a terrace in keeping with the classic design of the structure. Wide stone ! steps, balusters, fountains and shrub- bery will harmonize in severe yet beau- tiful detail. The Supreme Court room will occupy the main axis of the plan in the central section of the main floor, which will be a story above the terrace level. Its importance will be emphasized by its height above surrounding rooms and halls. The chamber will be about 64 feet square, measured from wall to wall, and about 30 feet from the floor to the ceiling, affording about 60 per cent more floor space than that of the pres- ent room where the Supreme Court meets, and it will accommodate about 300 attorneys and visitors. The chamber will be lighted by win- dows on both sides opening between colonnades to the courtyard, as well as by artificial light. This natural lighting will be so placed that it will give a cross lighting, not facing either the justices or the lawyers in the court. The ventilation d acoustics of the chamber will be as perfect as modern science can make them. Library on Second Floor. The central portion of the structure on the east side will be four stories high above the terrace, and will be only three stories high on the west front, making possible a continuous roof line. The rectangular building | will incloss four open courts. The main floor, besides containing the Supreme Court room, will have rooms for each of the justices, conference rooms, a robing room, a private lunch room with a kitchen adjoining, offices for the press, the Attorney General and the Solicitor General. ‘The second floor will contain librar- ies, stock rooms, manuscript divisions, document storage reoms, special read- ing rooms and working ce for librarians. The third floor consist only of the upper part of the central section of the building. In this sec- tion will be placed a large reading room with open shelves and a stack room with a special law library accom- modating approximately 222,000 vol- umes. Here will also be placed cata- loguing rooms and offices for assistant librarians. The ground floor will contain filing rooms, stack rooms, storage rooms for records and archives, quarters for mes- sengers, porters, electricians, telephone oath before going to the Supreme Court Toom to take the judicial oath in the presence of his associates. Robing Room Interests. In the robing room the members of the court don their silk robes before beginning the procession across the corridor to the Supreme Court chlpn’\é ber between crimson velvet TO] stretched by attendants to stop traffic for the time being. In the Capitol the room is draped with crimson curtains. Along the walls are bookcases and reference files. Chairs, divans and tables are arranged about the room. On the wall are several portraits of former Chief Justices: one is a Rem- brandt Peale painting of John Mar- shall and another is a copy of Gilbert Stuart's portrait of John Jay done by Gray. An ante room to the robing room has walls lined with large cabinets equipped with glass doors which raise like win- dows. In these are hung the robes of the Justices—on pegs according to the remk of their wearers. When not in use these gowns hang wrong-side-out. The new Supreme Court Building is to have a lunch room for the Justices with & kitchen attached for their particular service. This will ac- commodate only about fifteen, so the Justices will not be able to do enter- taining on & large scale in their private lunch room. It has been remarked that it was very seldom that a Justice dined in the public restaurants in the House or Senate wings of the Capitol. It was their custom to bring their lunches from home and eat in the privacy of their rooms. Reporters scouting for human interest material about the Capitol viewed the nine judicial lunch boxes with consid- erable interest but no one ever had the temerity to find out what was in the boxes. Two of the Justices often used shoe boxes as lunch containers, while the others were of the type frequently by school children. In the new building the lunch boxes will be away from prying eyes, or probably they will be dispensed with altogether. Building to Cost $9,740, The cost of the new Supreme Court Building, including terraces, incidentals and architect’s fees, but exclusive of furniture and book stacks, is estimated at $9,740,000. The square on which the building will be placed cost a little more than $1,750,000, making & total of per- haps $12,000,000 when the building is completed and furnished. This will be the first home the Supreme Court has had of its own in its 140 years of ex- istence. The building commission is composed of Willis Van Devanter, Associate Justice; Henry W. Keyes, chairman of the Senate Committee on Public Build- ings and Grounds; James A. Reed, former member of the Senate: Rich- ard N. Elliott, chairman of the Com- mittee on blic ~ Buildings and Grounds of the House of Represent- atives, and David Lynn, supervising architect of the Capitol. Case Gilbert is the architect whose plans were ac- cepted. The late Chief Justice Taft was at the head of the commission and his place has been filled by Chief Justice Hughes. Ex-Senator Reed con- tinues on the commission, although he is not longsr in the Senate. When the wreckers first started on the block, the Government investigated two mounds in the rear grounds of the “Brick Capitol” in which were said to have been buried soldiers during the Civil War when the “Brick Capitol” was used as a Federal prison. Officers from the War Department opened the mounds and found bones, but have been unable to find any records from which 1 It will be convenient to | and telegraph operators and custodians. to make identifications. of the dead space at the foot of the wall {tself. Here Titus discarded his weapons and equipment and clambered up the wall to the top. Unseen by the enemy for moment, he hauled up his rifle and ammunition by a cord and opened fire. He was followed by Capt. Henry G. Learned, now a brigadier general, and | others of the two companies. Soon the | colors of the 14th Infantry fluttered | atop the wall, the first foreign flags to float over those rampants. American | rifle and artillery fire cleared the | south face of the wall, which abutted on the Legation quarter, thus enabling the British troops to enter that area | unopposed. The 9th United States Infantry quickly followed the 14th to the lega- | tions, many of the buildings of which were in ruins. Within the English, Russian and American legations, which, though standing, were riddled with bul- lets, the besieged occupants had been | confined. Origin of Rebellion. A statement by the War Depart- ment, issued in observance of the anni- versary, explains the origin Boxer Rebellion: “The genesis of the Boxer movement may be traced to the interior of North China, where in the 90's there was formed a society called the ‘I Ho T'uan,’ or the ‘Band of Righteousness and | Union’ Such ‘T'uan,’ or bands are of common occurrence in China. Many | of them are in existence today, with | the identical trappings of superstitious | rites and_ceremonies that_character- | ized the Boxers in 1890. The funda- mental idea of these movements is a banding together of the common ple in defense against either govern- neers, in charge of the ment oppression, the outrages of ban- dits or even the aggressions of neigh- | boring communitie: “The ‘I Ho T'uan’ had two objec- tives. It was opposed to the reigning Manchu dynasty and to the activities of all foreigners. The Manchus, who feared the organization, cleverly di-| verted its energies into the nnu-(or-“ eign channel. By June, 1900, the move- | ment had progressed so far as to en- danger the lives of all foreigners in North China. The legations in Peking and the foreign colonies in Tientsin were actually in a state of elege. | | “Boxer” Meant United Fists. | “The term ‘Boxer’ is of interesting derivation. The original name of the society, ‘I Ho T'uan,’ was corrupted by usage to ‘I Ho Ch'uan,’ which may be translated ‘Righteous and United Fists. To the Chinese ‘United Fists’ meant standing hand in hand against one's enemies, one man’s fist clasped by that of his fellow. “But to foreigners a ‘fist’ was made to hit with, so that early in the move- ment the members of the society were called ‘Boxers,’ and it was under ths title that their activities were reported to the world at x4 Gen. Summerall's China campaign medal ribbon contains t ” of the | silver stars | di for two separate ciieiéme® igg gallantry !Boxer Rebellion Rescues 30 Years Ago To Be Observed, Recalling U. S. Heroism during the campaign. Another officer who received a citation for bravery in the fiercest of the fighting was Col Wallace B. Scales, then a second lie tenant and now chief of staff, 77th Di vision, with headquarters at 39 White- h‘(‘)lt ‘:treet, New York. ers cited for gallantry a vicinity were: F st Becma Col. Frank F. Eastman, retired. then captain, residing in San Diego, Calif. Col. Joseph L. Gilbreth, retired, then first lieutenant, residing in Bethesda, | Md. Col. Joseph F. Gohn, commandin; g:vi:ng“x‘x.nmdcsmfa Infantry, Fort 1 ma Bt anal Zone, then first ol P. W. Guiney, Q M. C., of Poughkeepsie, N. Y., stationed in Wash- | ington, then first liéutenant. | Col. Roy B. Harper, retired, of Chi- | cago, then second lieutenant. | . Gen. Henry G. Learnard of | Wright_City, Mo, stationed at Fort Lewis, Wash., then a captain. Col. A. N.' McClure, retired. of New Orleans, then a second lieutenant. Col. Patrick H. Mullay, retired, of San }Préx;lch;o.’-’th;::h; first lieutenant. ?‘hf,';,.‘ oL, Palmer, retired, of Atlanta, | . John R. M. Taylor, reti }Was;;inggnj, then a e i . Benjamin B. Hyer, retir | Macon, G, then a lieutenant. s e ce B. Scales, cavalry, chief | of staff, 77th Division, N 3 i ao‘:sdrneuumm.m ew York, then or gallantry at Yangtsun were: Maj. Gen. Willlam cmner.mfeured";t | Carrollton, Ohio, then a captain, Maj. Gen. Charles H. Martin, retired t g:x;m& IIL, then a captain. i . Gen. George P. Scri of Philadelphin, then & major. T Col. Harley B. Ferguson, Army Engi- Norfolk division, then a first Heu- | of rivers and harbors, tenant. Claimt; lie Has ‘G;down’ And ‘Wharf Experience’ The following application for a Job in answer to a want ad has been re- ceived by a local foreign firm: Being an application to apply for the vacant that to advarusement for wantea a Feeferable one with godown and wharf experience assist 1n your ofce. Iam a 8ood experience for above firm and pre- vious condition below. My name is Ah Foo-sz. 1 am 20 years old. My growth in the Shanghai of great China. I was gratuated in the Wah Wah School and after for a clerk in the Chinese Eastern Rallway Yang Ka-doo wharf three years long. I have good knowledge of Chi- nese, English, Type'st and other lan- guages and I am trust one connection jof godown and wharf experience and salary you may be payable from my au- thority of work. I am expect your favor mediately with thanks.” The enve- lope containing the application was ad- ressed to Mr. Partnership, Esq. and found its way into a newspaper office.