Evening Star Newspaper, December 8, 1929, Page 3

TH F _SUNDAY STAR, WASHIN TO D. C, DECEMBER 8, 1929—PART _ONE. . "HOOVER DOCTRINE" DEFINITELY STATED Diplomatic Controversy With Russia Brings Proclamation of Administration’s Policy. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Amid the hurly-burly of the opening of Congress, the President’s message and the national business survey con- ference, Washington and the Nation at large have not yet measured at its full significance the true inwardness of the late Russo-American diplomatic fisticuffs over China. ‘What emerges from them is nothing more or less than the proclamation of “the Hoover Doctrine”—the doctrine whereby the United States now com- mits itself to “mobilize the public opinion of the world” whenever and wherever world peace is threatened. Henry L. Stimson, Secretary of State, speaking with the full authority of the Hoover administration, has nailed to the mast colors which—it c:n be stated with complete confidence—will fly there, and fly vigorously and promptly, as long a8 Mr. Hoover is President. The Hoover Doctrine in conception is as definite and integral a factor in American foreign policy as the doctrine launched and immortalized by President James ‘Monroe in another December 106 years ago. ‘The latter concerned only this hemisphere. The Hoover Doctrine | comprehends the globe. One thing, and one thing only prospectively, will deflect the United States from maintenance of the Hoover Doctrine. That is the unlikely contingency that, for some reason, this Government might some day withdraw from *“the league of peace” established by the Kellogg- Briand pact. Doctrine Definitely Stated. Secretary Stimson's recent rejoinder to Soviet' Russia’s manifesto about American intervention in the Man- churian crisis brings the new peace doctrine vividly to light. But the first inkling of it was given at the .close of Prime Minister Macdonald’s visit to ‘Washington in October. On_October 10 the prime minister and President Hoover issued a carefully prepared “joint statement” on the accomplish- ments of their meeting. One passage bore the unmistakable imiprint of Mr. Hoover'’s own hand. It reads: “The part of each of our governments in the promotion of world peace will be differ- ent, as one will never consent to become entangled in European diplomacy, and the other is resolved to pursue a policy of active co-operation with its European neighbors. But each of our govern- ments will direct its thoughts and in- fluence towards securing and maintain- ing the peace of the world.” It is possible for this writer to out- line and define precisely the “part” the United States—under the Hoover ad- ministration, at least—intends to play *“in the promotion of world peace.” In the first place, it will be as far as pos- sible from the part” which Great Britain, under the “force sanctions” of the League of Nations “is resolved to pursue in active co-operation with its European neighbors.” President Hoover told Prime Minister Macdonald, in effect if not in these ise words, that the only sanctions which he believes are the sanctions of public opinion. Hoover, moreover, considers that such sanctions are all mnt in their power to restrain nations going to war. Public Opinion Vital Factor. He is confident that public opinion 48 (as Secretary Stimson has just re- minded Russia) “a live factor which can be promptly mobilized.” The President holds further that this assess- ment of the value and spontaneity of public opinion is already so generally recognized throughout the world that it (as is also pointed out in the State Department communique on the Chi- nese situation) “it has become a factor of prime importance in the solution of the problerhs and controversies which may arise between nations.” ‘The Hoover doctrine rests four- square on the Kellogg-Briand pact. It unreservedly looks upon the 54-power — S| AL _NOTICE. 7 TNG OF THE STOCK the Thrift Commercial Co., Inc.. 1d in the office of the company. | 1943 Vermont_avenue n.w. in the city of ‘Washington, D. C.. on Thursday, January Sth, 1930, at 8 pm. for the election of s ‘for the ensuing year and such gther business as may lawfully come be- ore it THRIFT COMMERCIAL CO.. INC. C. W. 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The following exclusive interview with Marshal Feng Yu-Hsiang, commander of the rebellious Kuominchun, or “people s army.” of Central China, was obtained by James P. Howe. chief of the Peiping hureau of the Associated Press, after a journey of hundreds of miles into the interior of China. It is ome of the few direct promouncements that have ever come from this picturesaue Chinese Teader. BY JAMES P. HOWE, Associated Press Correspondent. TAIYUANFU, SHANSI, China, De- cember 7.—Marshal Feng Yu-Hysiang. one of the great Chinese leaders and once known as “the Christian general,” has let it be known in no uncertain language that he took the field against | the Nationalist government of Nanking | because he believed President Chiang —_—e treaty to renounce war for exactly what the pact says. It banishes the thought. held by certain scoffers at home and abroad that the treaty is a scrap of paper. The Hoover doctrine, as Secre- tary Stimson promulgated it on De- cember 4, regards the pact “es a cove- nant which has profoundly modified the attitude of the world toward peace.” | The American Government ventured to | go ahe limit with its co-signatories of the Kellogg-Briand pact, to avert war in | China, because Washington “intends | to shape its own policy” in strict ac- cordance with it. That policy includes the right, as the United States sees | it, to “call to the attention of an- | other signatory its obligations or the dangers to peace which from time to time arise.” Three Victories Cited. Prom the administration’s standpoint, “mobilized world opinion” has won no fewer than three victories for peace during the present year. The first was the prevention of war between Bolivia and Paraguay last Winter. The second was the avoidance of hostilities between | Russia and China at the inception of their railway controversy last Summer, coupled, as it was, with a joint pledge from them not to violate the Kellogg- | Briand pact. The third peace victory for world opinion is the present cessa- tion of what the Chinese government brands “undeclared but actual war” in Manchuria by Russian Soviet border troops. It is Herbert Hoover's firm conviction that world opinion can be just as speed- ily and irresistibiy “mobilized” again, if and when the emergency arises, as it was on the trio of occasions above mentioned. The President places more faith in such a mobilization than he does in Article XVI of the League of | Nations covenant, which provides for sanctions of force to restrain belligerent passions of nations. No American now in public life has | had so convincing a demonstration of the power of public opinion as Herbert Hoover. He is in the presidency today, not so much because the Republican party, as representsd by its organiza- tion leaders, wanted him to be there, as because popular sentiment in Hoo- ver's favor virtually forced his nomina- tion by the G. O. P. The Californian, having acquired a profound respect for the potency of public opinion at home, has translated into the Hoover doctrine for peace his faith that public opinion is no less of a power when applied to the affairs of the world at large. (Copyright, 1929.) $1 Up Per $3 Up Per. wer METAL *nr WEATHERSTRIP GUARANTEED—LASTS FOREVER Installed Complete By CAPITOL WEATHERSTRIP CO. 511 Somerset Pl N.W. Ga. 4374 2 } 4 Christmas 7 ‘000000‘0000000000000000000000"0000000000'0‘.0.00000000000000 Greeting Cards Large Assortment of Beautiful Designs Priced from 5 cents to 50 cents each OPEN EVENINGS FOR YOUR CONVENIENCE We match your mame and sentiment _exactly Doyle Printing | é R N e ? Service % 1219 Eye Street N.W. é Nat'l 7095 Servied delivery red to ¢ the last: folk: WANTED OLD & WORN FUR COATS Highest Cash Prices Paid If You Have an OLD FUR COAT Ple Bring It to 635 F ST. N.W. Room 304, Barrister Bldg. Cor. F & 7th Sts. (Opposite Heeht Dept. Store) Will Be Here 3 Days This Week ONLY Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday We sell mothing—we trade mothinp— just buying old fur coats for cash. TO RENT FURNISHED APARTMENT \ 7 Rooms, 2 Baths i in the | ’ New Club Building at |Y TILDEN GARDENS Apply Manager, ! Glub Building, i Gonstiohve:at TildeniSe: ’ | FENG SEES VICTORY IN CLASH WITH CHIANG FOR RULE IN CHINA FENG YU-HSIANG. Kal-Shek had been double-crossing him. “Chiang Kai-Shek for months has been urging other army chiefs to dis- band their troops, while he himself has continued recruiting,” the marshal told the Associated Press corre- spondent. Vexed By That Action. “That alone has vexed us consider- ably, to say the least.” In a flash of annoyance, the mar- shal dug into a table the blade of a knife he had been using to peel an orange. His chief grievance against President Chiang and the Nationalists at Nan- king is that they have been furthering a kind of private state-ownership policy. “If we come into power,” the mar- shal explained, “we would establish instead a policy of public state-owner- ship at the very earliest moment.” Marshal Feng is credited with com- manding the world's largest private army. It is known as the Kucmi chun, “or people’s army” and if he suc- ceeds in ousting Chiang as the fore- most leader of China he has his plans all made for setting up a government. One of the things he intends to do is to make Peiping the national capital again, abandoning Nanking; and in that case the name of the old city again may become Peking. Confident of Victory. Feng is absolutely confident of the ultimate victory of his forces. “We have the people's welfare at heart and I believe that spirit is bound to win in the end.” The interview took place at one of the homes of Marshal Yen Hsi-Shan, the “model governor” of Shansi, 80 miles north of Taiyuanfu, where Mar- shal Feng has made his headquarters for several months. Feng explained that he arranged this in order to be Genuine French NARCISSUS The price of only 98c merely helps to pay our local adver- tising campaign, special sales- iadies, express, etc.—and we will give you FREE, without further cost, Two Bottles of im- ported French perfumes—one in Narcissus odor and one in Jasmine. Each regular $2 bot- tle, and also a $1 box of the world's most exquisite face pow- der. All Three—a $5 value— for 98c. 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Feng, stending six feet in his sandals, has been China’s most picturesque war- rior for years. He wears the :XmPIe garb of a coolie, and is satisfied with coolie food and very proud of the fact that he has only one wife. He neither smokes nor drinks. nor do the officers and men around him. Instead of smoking while dlscus@lnzi business or politics, the marshal munches fruit. During an hour's talk with the Associated Press correspondent Feng ate three Chinese pears and two | oranges, which he peeled with a big knife produced from the mysterious| folds of a long blue gown that reached | from his neck to his ankles. There was little else that is foreign about this house on the hill, 80 miles from a railroad, in China’s interior, ex- cept an American bathtub. The bath- tub is ceremoniously kept in a corner of Feng's reception room, apparently waiting to be attached to its fixtures if water is ever got up the grade. The| marshal’s interpreter-secretary, Kuo- Liang Ch'en, educated at Columbia University, New York, occasionally | wears American-style dress. Asks About Trip. ‘The marshal began his conversation by asking the correspondent whether he had enjoyed the automobile trip from Taiyuanfu, how long he had been in China, and how long he intended to | remain. Then the subject of Chiang| Kai-Shek was brought up, and it re-| quired a very short time for Feng to | state his opinion that Chiang had been | | preaching one way and practicing an- | other. Feng is a brilliant politician and he has survived China's recurrent revolu- tions as much by political maneuvers | as by fighting. He likes slogans and catch words. Everywhere in the north | he has his followers, and almost as many in the south. Although he is a strict disciplinarian, he has a reputation for making friends. He is often away from his men for months, but they have always been willing to stick with him through thick and thin. If there is a job to be done, fighting, road building, or anything of that sort, Feng is likely to rouse his troops out of bed at 3 or 4 o'clock in the morning. They appear to like him all the better for it. Lays Blame on Individuals. “The cause of the political unrest in China for 17 years and more has been the struggle among individuals,” the | marshal said as he peeled his second | orange, which was almost hidden in his enormous, but well-shaped hands. “China's so-called leaders have been fighting one another for selfish ends. The people have been completely for- | gotten. | “We would end all this, and work together for the benefit of the people, | with the welfare of the people as the | first consideration at all tim > True Black and JASM]NE Each Bottle Contains One Full Ounce Narcissus and Jasmine Perfumes with the true flower fragrance, “By LeTon" A $5.00 Value for Limit 3 Sets to a Customer. 98¢ All Three, 98¢ 15¢ for Packing and Postage Feng then mentioned the faithful- ness of his soldiers, which gave the correspondent an opportunity for ques- tions about the marshal's personal army. “Is it true that his troops total 400,- 0002" he asked the interpreter. “That is a military secret.” Feng smiled at the correspondent and of- fered him another pear. (Copyright, 1929.) ALOYSIAN CLUB PLAYERS TO LAUNCH THEIR SEASON Members to Appear in “Nova et Vetera” at Gonzaga College Theater This Week. The. Aloysian Club Players will pre- sent their first play of the season, “Nova et Vetera,” tomorrow and Tues- day nights at 8 o'clock, in the Gonzaga College Theater, 27 I strect. The cast of the play, which is under the direction of Mrs. L. Moran, in- cludes Anne Vermillion, Evelyn Vermil- lion, Rose Barnes, Margaret Kane, Dorothy Daly, Mary Harrington, Mary Alice Beitzell, Margaret Fogarty, Jose- phine Connors, Leona Bergen, Mary O'Connor, Noral Droak, Kitty Hughes, Dorothy 'Hayes, Loretta Lynch, Lulu Mulstead, Margaret Dever, Mary Mul- roe, Catherine Meehan, May Costello, Margaret Tobin, Mary Dempsey, Mary O'Donoghue, Catherine Burns, Gertrude Downey, Mary McHugh, Grace Whelan, Evelyn ' Harper, Catherine McKenna, Clara Wise, Lucille Duffy O'Callaghan, Catherine ' Barrett, Josephine Pyne, ggnes Peck, Kathleen Harlow and Helen ury. Book Production Fast. LEIPZIG (#)—A book every 20 min- utes, with scientific works well in the lead, is_Germany's present publication rate. Records of the big publishing firms here show that 27,000 new books ' d to German r¢ were offere: ea v last RITCHIE DISCLAIMS - DRY CONTROVERSY, |Governor Denies Intent to Talk on Massachusetts Liquor Situation. Although the Tremont Temple, a large Baptist Church of Boston, has refused to permit him to speak there and the trustees of the Boston Elevated refused | the use of their cars for posters on the ground that his talk will be on a | controversial subject, Gov. Albert C. Ritchie of Maryland claims he had no | idea of discussing the Massachusetts prohibition situation when he talks in Boston Tuesday. In a formal statement sent to Boston | papers last night the Maryland execu- tive declares he only intended to give Maryland’s experience on the liquor | question, and adds that his speech “will | expressly disclaim any wish or willing- ness on my part to interject any opinion of mine on the Massachusetts situation.” League Sponsors Talk. The governor expresses the hope that his coming to Boston, where it has | been arranged for him to speak in the | Symphony Hall, will not cause embar- rassment to any one. His speech will be given under the auspices of the Lib- eral Civic League. vis . Gov. Ritchie says: ‘When I was invited about six weeks ago I made it very clear that I would not be willing to express any opinion to the people of Massachusetts as whether they should or should not re= peal their State Volstead act. I felt that was a question for them to decide, If MY HUSBAND were a POLICEMAN Rhad ajobwhich kept himout in the cold and wet all winter long, I would start him taking Scott’s Emulsionat once. Cod-liveroil issuchawonderfulfood-tonic. For hundredsofyearspeoplehavetakenit tokeep them well allwinter. The pleasant way to take it is Scott’s Emulsion. Easy as taking a spoonful of cream! Tastes good—no aftertaste. Get him a bottle today and start right in. Everydruggist has it. Highly recommended. 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On all Oil- rchased before Saturday, Explaining his plans in regard to his | to | !in_accordance with their own Ilocal| problems and conditions. “1 was assured that nothing of the kind was expected of me and that the only thing wanted was for me to explain the reasons why Maryland has never adopted a State Volstead act and to give what has been the experlence of Maryland without one. I said that I would be glad to do that. My speech will be confined entirely to these lines and will expressly disclaim any wish or willingness on my part to interject any opinion of mine on the Massachusetts situation. I have no idea of expressing any such opinion. Glad to See Governor. “T have just been informed that Gov. Allen has issued a statement to the ef- fect that it is not the custom in Massa- chusetts for the home governor to call on a visiting governor, but that it is the custom for the visiting governor to call on the home governor. When I was asked about a week ago whether I would like to see Gov. Allen on my trip to Boston, I did not know whether there pleased to give myself the pleasure of Seeing the gowernor and that I would be glad to call upon him at any time that suited his convenience, An en- gagement was then made for me to call on Gov. Allen Tuesday morning, and I am looking forward with pleasure to keeping it. “The same is true with respect to Mayor Nichols, and I am expecting to call on him, also, in accordance :llh the appointment which has been made.” {CONFEDERATE SONS MEET. Bteagall of Alabama Will Address Meeting Tuesday. Washington Camp, No. 305, Sons of Confederate Veterans, will hold its first open meeting and dance Tuesday eve- ning at 8 o'clock at the Confederate Memorial Home, 1322 Vermont avenue, Members of the Alexandria camps have WAS any custom on this point or not and it did not occur to me to inquire. I simply said that I would be much been invited to participate. 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