Evening Star Newspaper, April 22, 1929, Page 8

STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY. April 22, 1920 : THEODORF W, NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Ne per Company 11 8t "uRd Penryivants Ave. i _New York Office: 110 East nd o Ghicaso Office: Lake Michigan Bulldiis. . European Officy l:lln;rnfi 8t., London, «+..65¢ per month % Sc per copy e'end of each month. by mail or telephone All Other States and Canada. s oo SN 1mo. 60c Member of the Associated Press. e iated Press is exclusively entitled for republication of &ll news ited to it atches Rec'l5 (s paper and. also the Dublished hersite- All HEhts of Publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. A Presidential Broadside. President Hoover has turned the heavy artillery of administration influ- ence against the so-called export de- benture plan of aiding the farmers. At the same time he has presented an array of arguments against the adop- tion of the debenture plan which should completely stem any tide of sentiment ‘which supporters of the plan and anti- administration forces have sought to arouse. Those who have complained that the President has not taken a definite stand with regard to farm relief, and the debenture plan in particular, can complain no more. Mr. Hoover has de- clared himself flatly and unqualifiedly against the debenture plan. He has in- dicated in no uncertain terms that if the farm-relief bill should be sent to him containing the debenture plan he would send the measure back to Con- gress with his disapproval. It is the Hoover method not to give advice or opinion without first obtain- ing all the facts. The President has made a study of the debenture pro- posai since a committee of the Senate called to ask whether he would approve it or not more than a week ago. has been aided in his study by experts of the Treasury Department and the Departments of Agriculture and Com- merce. And now the President, in his letter to Senator McNary, chairman of the committee on agriculture, has given 8 full answer to the Senate committee which called upon him. The arguments submitted by the President against the- debenture plan have been summed up in ten points. Any one of them shows the plan un- sound. It would, if put into- effect, re- sult in overproduction, with a conse- quent disaster to the American farmer. It would benefit the speculators and the exporters of farm produce rather than the farmer, even to the extent of the subsidy which the debenture plan pro- poses to grant the farmer. It would at once, if put into practice, advance the prices upon huge stocks which are in the hands of speculators or exporters, and which have passed out of the hands | of the farmers. In the end the Amer- jcan farmer would find that this panacea for his ills was a delusion and a snare. And finally, the President points out that if there is to be paid to the exporters, speculators or the farmers a subsidy running into two or three hundred millions of dollars a year, it will be necessary to increase the Federal taxes levied upon farmers and consumers of the American farm- ers’ produce alike. The debenture plan in operation does not take moncy from the Treasury. It merely prevents money from going into the Treasury, which in the end is the same thing as removing the money and handing over a direct subsidy. The debenture certificates which would be issued to exporters of farm products would be used in place of money to pay the tariff duties of im- ports into this country. The President, through his message to Congress and his addresses, has made very clear his ideas of farm aid which should be undertaken by the Govern- ment. The House leaders and the House itself have accepted the limits laid down by the President, and a bill will soon pass that body by an overwhelm- ing vote carrying out that program. In the Senate committee, however, where the opponents of the administration have felt themselves stronger, the de- benture plan was written into the bill, He) homa for settlement. United * States Cavalry spent a good part of its time driving out the “Oklahoma boomers” Wwho stole over the line and tried to ‘move into the open spaces. Then some- body slipped a rider on an appropriation bill, opening two million acres for set- tlement, staking off one-hundred-and- sixty-acre farms and providing that the first to reach them after the signal sounded starting the race at noon on April 22, 1889, would own them to have and to hold. The race was an epic. A writer describes it as the last challenge of the horizon to a people it had been luring onward frcm frontier to fron- tler since 1607. Only forty years ago! But how many new frontiersmen have crossed since then! Not on the backs of skinny mules or under the flapping canvas of covered wagons, but in the laboratories, the ob- servatcries, the machine shops. And for every new frontier crossed another one is found lying far beyond any horizon that beckoned the Oklahoma boomers of forty years ago. —————— New York and New Jersey in Line. ‘When Gov. Franklin D. Roosevelt of New York affixed his signature to the Fearon-Stone financial responsibility bill Friday before he cleared his desk to begin a short vacation, it marked the second State to enact into law the principles of the safety re- cponsibility bill as laid down by the American Automobile Association. New Jersey is the other State which has acted upon the proposal of the A. A. A. to remove from the road the reckless and financlally irresponsible motor car cperator, and with these two States in line the movement which seeks to end an ever-growing motoring problem should gain tremendous momientum. The safety responsibility bill, from which the measures passed in New York and New Jersey are modeled, has most of the advantages and none of the dis- advantages of the compulsory insurance law now in effect in Massachusetts. It does not penalize the careful motorist. It does, however, make the going dif- ficult for the driver who combines ir- responsibility in the operation of his car with financial irresponsibility, or who is that type known as judgment- proof. It provides simply that upon conviction of major traffic offenses a motorist must give proof of his. ability | to respond thereafter to damages re- sulting from his ownership or opera- tion of a motor vehicle in order to re- tain his license. And it further pro- vides that after an accident in which personal injury or death occurs he must satisfy final judgments against him up to five thousand dollars for one per- son, ten thousand dollars for two per- sons in the same accident, and one thousand ‘dollars for property damage, if he wishes to keep his operator’s per- mit. In other words, every driver in the beginning is given a clean bill of health. If he operates his car prop- erly he will never feel the effects of the safety responsibility bill. He need not carry insurance and he need not show in any way that he is capable of paying for accidents which arise from his negligent driving. But the minute he shows an inclination to recklessness and is convicted by a court of a major traffic offense, regafdless of whether he has been in an accident, the law steps in and requires him to post a bond, take out insurance or put up collateral to a limit of eleven thousand dollars to prove that from that time on he is' prepared to pay for damages he may cause. That is one section of the law. The other compels motorists to satisfy the final judgments against them in courts of competent jurisdiction. Many driv- ers are known as judgment-proof. They have been involved in accidents and the victims have been unable to gollect a cent. In the future, in New Jersey and New York, these judgment-proof motor~ ists will feel the heavy hand of this statute. Failure to satisfy a levy will mean the suspension - of- their- permit and they cannot drive again until the judgment has beeri met. ' It can be scen, therefore, that. the safety responsibility bill is frankly di- rected at the small' minority of reck: less and irresponsible motor vehicle operators to whom are chargeable the mounting toll of loss of life and injuries to persons and property. The, motoring world can afford to harbor no longer | the dangerous and insolvent automobile driver. Careful and considerate opera- tion of a potentially dangerous vehicle is the universal need of this country, and the measure of the American Automobile Association will do much a kind of monkey wrench to throw the machinery out of gear. In the end, however, a majority of the Senate it- self is expected to go along with the President in this matter. Chairman McNary and several other members of the committee of agriculture have made it clear they do not propose to support the debenture plan in opposi- tion to the President. e It is generally conceded that Presi- dent Hoover has many practical ideas, and there is a'growing disposition among committees to hear from him first and avoid risk of doing anything that might seem precipitate. ——————— Frontiers—New and 0ld. It was forty years ago today at noon that the bugles of cavalrymen, stationed along the border.of a vast, unoccupied stretch of land in the middle of what then was Indian Territory and which now comprises. a part of the young State of Oklahoma, sounded a signal that sent thousands of frontiersmen dashing across the ‘flat country in a mad scramble to get some. of the two million acres of virgin land given by the Government as prizes in a free-for- all race.- A few hours later America’s last Western frontier had been passed. A new_State was being settled. The city of Guthrie had changed overnight from a water tank on the side of a railroad fo & teeming town of fifteen thousand inhabitants, sleeping under the. stars, tents or in the covered wagons that had brought them there, The opening of the Cherokee Strip remains in memory today as one of the colorful and fan- | tastic pictures that illustrated the blflh of a nation. ¢ 8 ' Only forty years ago! The cattle barons, surreptitiously renting Indian Jands at nominal. prices on which to graze their ccuntless herds of cattle, to bring about this desirable condition. Washington, the National Capital, will do well to follow the lead, at the first opportunity, of such centers of motoring population as New York and New Jersey, The sooner that every State, including the District of Colum- bia, sets about to end the menace of those who ave proven themselves un- fit to enjoy the privileges of the road, the sooner will the mounting list of in- Jury and death begin a steady decline. After a presidential campaign which, though ending in defeat, resulted in high personal distinction, Al Smith evi- dently saw little lure in the idea of be- coming an umpire in the old Tammany game. A - — A real phenomenon is Mayor Jimmie Walker. No other man within memory has succeeded in being at once politi- cally a leader and socially the life of the party, A’ Merited Promotion. None of President Hoover's adminis- trative appointments thus far outstrips in obvious merit his promotion of Dr. Julius Klein to the Assistant Secretary- ship of the Department of Commerce, In a certain sense it is & personal appointment. For eight years Dr. Klein was the right hand of Mr. Hoover at the Department of Commerce. As chief’ of the department’s Bureau of Forelgn and Domestic Commerce, Dr. Klein was at the head of its most important'divi- sion. In a manner of speaking, the bureau was the general staff from which radiated all ‘the department’s multifari- ous activilies. These activities were there capa- clous Government building in the Na- tional tells sstory. - It is in a very-definite degree the story of Julius Klein’s unremitting ‘work at ‘Washington since 1921, as coadjutor-in- chief of the man who:is now President of the United States. Mr. Hoover, as is well known, still is about to rise the its \sure that he feels it in accord with the eternal fitness of things that Julius Klein, economist extraordinary, should be given executive rank in the adminis- tration in a field Where ‘the new As- sistant Secretary of Comimerce has so long and so ably demonstrated his spe- cialized fitness. 3 Washington Loses a Friend. Accustomed as Washington is to the coming and going of Army officers, as- signed here for temporary duty'in con- nection with the munigipal government or the Office of Public Buildings and Public Parks, it is with a peculiar and real regret that the community hears of the transfer to the General Staff School, at Fort Leavenworth, of Maj. Carey H. Brown, who has.been on duty here since 1925 as Col: Grant's chief assistant. Few officers assigned here in any capacity have taken-a more intelligent and whole-souled interest in their work than Maj. Brown i his task of assisting in the formulatidh of those great plans for Washington and its surrounding territory that now are in 'the making. He accepted his positions as an oppor- tunity and made the begt of it. His in- tercourse with the civilian groups in- teresting themselves ih the development of the Capital and his frequent confer- ences with the civic organizations of Washington have been marked by a spirit of broad.and sympathetic under- standing, not.only of his own, but of thelr side of. the picture. ¥ Maj. Bréwn will leave Washington with the good wishes of scores of friends who came to know him in'the course of his work, and with the hope that an- other stage of his Army career will bring him back, again to take an active part in making the American Capital the city that it should be. — o An ocean-going boat emphasizes a difference in size by being so much harder to manage in a prohibition storm than a diplomatically employed liquor truck. e The Dawes plan is considered by some students of international affairs as an elaboration of the old-fashioned “monthly payment,” regarded not only as reliable, but thrifty. e | Clemenceau is quoted to the effect that he fears there may be another war, As a “Tiger” looking for trouble, Clemenceau always runs true to form, e S s N In statesmanship many “plans” are revealed which show promise until the work of providing complete and reliable specifications is taken up. ———— SHOOTING STARS, 7 s BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Uncertainties., Now April, with complete disdain, Displays her moods in every place, The poor thermometer in vain Endeavors to keep up the pace. One day warm zephyrs lightly float And next a sullen sky you scan, And as you don your overcoat ‘You also grab a palm-leaf fan. You think that you ere long will wear A hat of straw; and next you fear That you,must have with cunning care A muff adjusted to each ear. And when toward wooded heights you make Some snowshoes underneath your arm. ,“Play ball,” the umpire fiercely cried. The players came in hopeful pride. “Rlay balll” re-echoed over the lot. Some did; and some, alas, did not! Reward of Merit. -efforts that you make ‘To spare the feelings of & friend or ' 'foe ‘When you listen to a story just for old acquaintance'’s sake And laugh at anecdotes of long ago. Your great forbearance toward the man who slaps you on the back And wrings your hand until ‘tis limp and lame, Its due appreciation on this earth may sadly lack, But the angels will record it just the same. Be patfent, friend, and do not smite the person at the play 3 ‘Whose rhythmic feet keep tapping on your chair, threaten him who hums the tunes the orchestra may play to his friend relates the plot with Nor or care, 'Tis true, your little sacrifices made from day to day Scant notice from the busy world will claim. , They may be dismissed as trifies, as the crowd moves on its way, But the angels will record them just A rare and' beauteous lay, And niever talks about his art ©Or scolds about his pay. ————— Anger in Vain Then. From the Toledo Blade. hom has :eh Hfil‘hdml No' matter offce” bulding; ‘he can’t Ham. ihe. tex e Aid“Needed by Rebels. Prom the Canton Daily News. 5‘5‘3 & white handkerchief, > s ‘Poetry Offends His Honor, Pram the San Antonio Evening News. his , with the result ew are cut down as ‘Trees and flowers do not exactly mix, in a garden sense. 1t is not so much that the shade tends to hurt the growth of both flowers and rass, or that the great roots of the rees subtract so much plant food. These are real criticisms of trees on average small home properties, but, after all, they do not constitute the chief demerit of the leafy monsters. The main fault to be found with trees on small lots is that they cut the tract up into too many segments. A small place, say 50, 60 or 75 feet wide, and ranging from 125 to 150 feet deep, is to be regarded as a unit. As a landscape proposition, such a Iot can be viewed at one glance, and must be so considered in its planting. ‘That is why the best practice today calls for a driveway along one side, with the garage often set only 20 feet or so behind the house, and at the side of the lot. ‘This grouping permits the remainder of the rear yard to be composed as a unit, without being cut in two by a wide swath of concrete driveway, or cut uj by too many trees, each one of whicl is such a distinctive feature that it im- mediately attracts the eye of the beholder. * % % % If trees were carefully planted on lots, several could be got in without disturbing the sense of balance, the “feel” of the house and its closely asso- clated ground. In most of the cases, however, the tree plantings were hsphazard, either by Nature herself, who never read a book on landscaping, or by prior genera- tions who paid no attention to such matters. It will be found that 10 to 20 trees will be arranged in such a fashion that it is difficult to put in the house without cutting several of them down. Even with these out, the place is still “over-treed,” as it were. There is no rhyme or reason in their placing, and they usually cut the tract up into indi- vidual patches. Of course, these patches are not marked off with chalk or fences, but they seem just as plain to those who are sensitive to such things. Recently we saw just such a place as we have attenpted to descril ‘The house, of Dutch colonial design, was placed on a 50-foot lot, the house taking up some 30 feet and the porch 10 feet or more. ‘This left just enough room for the drive to the garage. Evidently the builders had swallowed the tree propa- ganda hook, line and sinker, for instead of cutting down three at the left and placing the garage there they had chop- | down one and put the automobile ouse in the center of the yard. This left three or more trees to the left of the garage and as many to the right. The result was that there was literally no place to plant flowers except along the borders of the driveway or except in small heds cluttered through- out the lawn. * % %k ¥ Lest any one suspect that we have an anti-tree complex, or something, let | | front of is more beautiful | de than a home nestling beneath the shade of a great.elm or fine maple? Yet sometimes it comes down to a distinct choice between many trees and no flowers and a few trees and some flowers, We unhesitatingly take our “‘Rdt for l;he murt. fant, if 1t ree S0 great a plant ma) be called so, that a xr%va of them :i fix;: rrtlym&ry. especially on the small One tree, we believe, is what Kilmer . toee: cighily Athuated, wiil g e tree, y situated, ve a back yard much, if not all, of the :lnu?e which & small forest could ve it. In the language of the landscape architects, a tree is a center of interest, something which irresistibly catches the eye and satisfies the artistic senses of th§t b‘eshglder, a b leemed proper by them to put a tree by the house, where its shade ‘may be enjoyed, and from which one may look at the remainder of the gar- den, or near the rear of the lot, where it focuses the attention, and from under which a fine view may be secured of the remainder of the property, Unless a purchaser finds a property Just so planted, he will be impatient to get results, and usually will make the mistake of planting too many trees, Although a 50-foot width is not much, it seems lings are planted. Three such across the back seem much too few—the first year. By the tenth year, however, three may be just two too many! Trees too close to a house not only offer resistance to chimney draft, but they present some lightning hazard also, for it ‘is undeniable that flashes do strike trees. Then hanging branches may blow against side walls or against windows in Winter, causing nervous occupants to cry out. Perhaps the best placing of trees is in the parking in front of the sidewalk, as found in many city rows. Such trees give a shady walk, and at the same time protect the house from the sun. They are “enough trees” in the situation. Most flowers, and especially roses, re- quire as much sun as possible. This is such an axiom that many amateurs tend to minimize it, believing that semi- shade will not harm their plants. The result is that they get half-results, when what they want is the real thing. Sun is the one necessary factor, both for heat and light, each piaying its part in rlant growth. Heat warms the soil, light stirs the plant cells to their proper activities. Even trees with the highest foliage block off the sun, so that flowers are deprived of the miraculous rays so necessary to their best growth. Every one knows how difficult it is to get real grass beneath trees. Its impossibility is shown in every public park. A compromise between trees and flowers is the best solution of this prob- lem on the average property, where everything must be subordinated to the general effect. We hope that these euhearten some, one to cut down a tree if necessary. It always seems wrong, ;or!nehow. to do so, but often it is a uty. remarks may e S o e G WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Almost on the very day last week that President Hoover promoted Dr. Julius Klein to the assistant secretary- ship of the Department of Commerce, Klein's new book, “Frontiers of Trade,” left the press of the Century Co. To it Mr. .Hoover contributes the first preface he has written since his elec- tion to the presidency. It is Hooveresque in its brevity and pointedness. This is what it says: “Since the beginning of the World War the trade relations of the world have passed through a great crisis and in many ways a great revolution. Our country came through this ordeal stronger in its foreign trade than ‘ever before, There is no single man in our country who has contributed more to this wonderful accomplishment than Dr. Julius Klein. He has given to this service nearly eight years of his life at a large personal sacrifice. There 1s no one so able to present this record or whose judgment of plans for the fu- ture is.so well grounded.” Mr. Hoover wrote and dated the preface aboard the U. S. 8. Maryland on December 1, 1928, while he was off the west coast of South America. “Frontiers of Trade” is & keen' exposition of the whole field of American foreign commerce. * K kK One of the “differences among the farmiers themselves,” to which President Hoover attributes present trials and tribulations in Congress, has specifically ‘mentioned by him. This observer has reason to believe it is one of the basic causes of the turmoil. It springs from the fears of many co- ogen'.lve mlrkennf organizations that the Hoover farm-relief p m is going to. rob them of present independence and subject them to pretty rigorous Government _control. Co-operative marketing is the fundamental thing in the administration’s scheme. ‘In his message to Congress last week Presi- dent . Hoover mentioned that nearly 2,000,000 farmers are now members of their own marketing organizations, dis- tributing 'about $2,500,000,000 worth of farm products. Hitherto they've run these tremendous affairs by themselves. Now, some of their leaders are afraid, Uncle Sam is going to run them. * K kX Curtis D. Wilbur of California, former Secref of the Navy, whom President Hoover Just elevated to the Federal Ju p of the ninth circuit, was asked, on the eve of his departure from the Coolidge cabinet, what he thought about it. “Well, it's Ray’s turn now,” he said, meéaning that his brother, Ray Lyman Wilbur, was about to enter the Hoover, cabinet as Secretary of the In- umg: The bench is Judge Wilbur's first ‘and dearest love, * k kK * From Joliet, Ill, there comes a sug- gestion, which this writer is asked to pass to President Curtis. It reads 8 follows: ‘“Please tell Mr. Curt; from me that I have solved his problem, 80 he-won't have to bother ry Stimson with the ordeal. certainly has many more serious prob- lems to bother his head. Here it is. e princess of great in lineage, hm.xnms,mor ma, who should by right divine rule as first lady of her country. If it should ever become for Vice President Curtis to enter the White House, his wife would then be the real first lady of her own Jand, .with-the acgent on the ‘own.’” 2 * ko k * ing of Indians, not very much ltmn has been drawn to the identity Charles 'J. Rhoads of Phflnd‘::ml, A been ited comm! er the first Quaker human - of its most | It's devoutly to be hoped that a cer- tain member of the Senate, who passes sleepless nights safeguarding the Union and the Constitution from the menace of Rome, will not cast his eye over the current number of an American maga- zine. There, substantiated by undeniably accurate pictorial evidence, sit the Pres- ident of these United States and the Pope of Rome, cheek by jowl. The pic- ture happens to be 10 years old. It shows Herbert Hoover, then chief of the American Relief Administration in Europe, attending the great children’s fete arranged in his honor at Warsaw, Poland. Pope Pius XI, then Archbishop Achille Ratti, was at the time papal nuncio to Poland. He became Pope three years later. The State Department con- tinues to be inundated with requests to know whether there is any prospect of diplomatic relations between the United States and the Vatican State. Secre- tary Stimson is sending out a form reply reading: “The question has not arisen.” * Kk % To a notable degree the United States Senate will be holding forth this week at the early seat of the Federal Gov- ernment—in Philadelphia. During the thirty-third annual meeting of the American Academy of Political and Social Science there several members of the Upper House will be in action. Senator Moses of New Hampshire will be in the chair when war debts, repara-~ tions and liquidation of war controls— & most timely topic—is on the program, Senator Shortridge of California will be in charge of proceedings when the Kellogg pact, and means for making it effective, under debate.’ Senators Jones of Washington and Walsh of Massachusetts are to discuss our tariff policy. * (Copyright, 1929.) Bailey’s Quick Ascent And Descent Recalled From the Springfield, Ohlo, Daily News. A better brain than Joseph W. Bailey possessed was not seen in the American Congress in his generation. Bailey came to Congress in 1891, only 28 years old. In his fourth term, yet only in his middle thirties, he was chosen as his party leader in the House. Only the sheerest ability could have won such advance at such an age. Ten years' brilliant service in the House and Texas promoted Bailey to the Senate. There were giants in those days. Aldrich, by enormous personal ability, was master of a Senate majority, which included men of such power as Allison, Dolliver, Foraker, Hoar and Platt. Bailey was from the first a master mind on the other side. In a trice he made himself the central figure in the Senate, one speaker to whom everybody was glad to listen. Politically, the world was his. Ten years pass, and he writes his resignation, drops hu- miliated out of public life and till the Secretas Mr. Stimson | news of his death just now came the country has forgotten that he still lived. Only older people and the more care- ful followers of public events will re- member that tragedy. Bailey had a head of gold, but his feet were clay. He had tastes and habits not compatible with his dreams and with his place as a servant of the public. He was a fol- lower of horse racing, the sport of financial kings, and he was not a financial king. He loved the costly life and was not skiliful in counting costs. ‘There came the discoveries of corporate meddling with Government which made the first decade of the century an “era of exposure.” Bailey, doubtless b:.?uu of his need of money to carry the costly life he loved, was found ensnared in the system. The statesman had gone up like a rocket; now he came down l&e & stone. He had lost the confidence of the constituen had trusted him and was never able_to Bailey's career was one of R of his time. In one brilliant - human jewels nature planted a flaw which ultimately. destroyed value. i e : " Alimony Insurance Urged. it. quite large when 8-foot sap- | ins National University ‘Movement Is Indorsed To the Editor of The Star: Your recent editorial discussing the movement for the establishment of a National University represents quite 1 the wishes of those who are 5po! it. i It is true that they versity created and Tational by the they nl urllty 3&'& a superunive attendance limited to advanced students carefully selected for their fitness and votion to scholarly interests. It is true that they would haye an instruc- tional force selected annually from the first scholars of America, with a number from foreign lands, assisted by a body of eminent citizens ized for their special attainments. t is true that while “this institution .would be under the formal control of the Federal Gov- ernment, it would be under the guiding influence of the other universities and learned societies. Such an institution as is proposed would inevitably become the center of the most advanced cultural forces of the Nation, perhaps of the world. And 1t would not interfere in the least with any other college or university. Indeed, it would give to learning the recog- nition of the American people which it does not now have, and never can gain by any other means. As a result, every educational institution in the country would feel its beneficent in- fluence. Certainly those in Washington City would profit greatly by its presence. Any one acquainted with educational conditions and forces can see that. - posed governmental support for this National University should be trans- ferred to George Washington Univer- sity. That is a suggestion deserving of sympathetic consideration. But the pro- ponents of the plan for a National Uni- versity would not be interested in any titution engaged in undergraduate work. There is an abundance of such institutions, excellent ones, now in operation. There is no reason why the Natlonal Government should engage in a task, important as it is, that is being performed so efficiently. But there are the best of reasons why it should give the mosi effective support possible to an undertaking which will carry the educational process quitz beyond the point within the reach of even our greatest universities, Chief of these reasons is the sublime fact that civilization waits ever on the scholar. Until the scholar pushes his ploneering activities farther into the unknown, civilization must rest where it is. ‘There is no clearer lesson to be found in history than this dependence of progress upon intellect. If George Washington University can be transformed so that it will be capable of performing this greatest of tasks, the plan you propose may be the wisest one. If it cannot be so transformed, then, with other institutions of similar char- acter, it should be closely associated with the new National University. The bill now in the hands of the House committee on education provides for such federation of existing institutions when practicable. A careful survey of local conditions may reveal the pro- priety of continuing as competent a university as George Washington un- doubtedly is, but largely undergraduate, under some sort of sffiliation with the National University confined, as it must be, to research and instruction of the most advanced type. Whether it is best to elevate George Washington University to the rank of headship of educational America, or, instead, to create a new institution de. signed upon -the broadest and most comprehensive lines, is a matter for subsequent investigation and decision. But whatever may be that decision there ought to be no hesitation on the major issue of a great National Uni- versity, the home and workshop of i America’s highest intelligence, the in- | spiration of the Nation’s noblest ani- bitions. Washington frequently expressed the hope for a National University which | should transcend existing institutions | which he praised for their manifest usefulness. His dream is as fitting to- day as it was when he died in the hope of its speedy realization. No other memorial so fitting for the approaching bicentennial can be devised. But any university to serve that purpose must surpass all others, as his devotion to the public welfare surpassed the de- votion of his fellows. And it should be the gift of the people of America rather than of a fortunate few. OLIN TEMPLIN. b0t John J. Chickering’s Qualities Are Praised To the Editor of The Star: More than 40 years ago it was my privilege to sit at the feet of John J. Chickering, who died at Pinehurst last Sunday. Along about 1886 “Jack” Chicker- ing was teaching the eighth grade of vgrammar school” in the Wallach Building, at Eighth street and Pennsyl- vania avenue -southeast. Among my fellow pupils there were Maj. Edwin B, Hesse, our honored former superintend- ent of police, and, if my memory is not at fault, Gen. Anton Stephan, com- manding the National Guard of the District. Mr. Chickering made a deep and lasting impression upon me. At the period of his service as a teacher in our public schools he was in the full vigor of early manhood, and of his physical perfection I still retain a graphic mental picture. The strongest impression of him, however, is as teacher. He was painstaking and thor- ough and had the happy faculty of in- stilling keen interest in his pupils. He did not confine himself to the ordinary curriculum, and I am sure his other former lgupils share with me the mem- ory of the pleasure and inspiration im- parted by his weekly “talks” on popular science b::lbi':i:ui Who of us does not rememl| lecture on the nebular hypothesis? His interest in athletics was also stim- ulating. It made an appeal to the boys which in many instances resulted ‘in their physical betterment. The passing of “Jack” Chickering will be noted with deep regret by many Washingtonians who, like myself, had the privilege of coming under his in- fluence—an influence that was all for Your editorial suggests that the pro- | F. T. B. thead and scalp. It is thus possible to the good. WM. S. TORBERT. Marion Talley Lauded For Decision to Retire From the Charlotte News. Young Miss Talley has created a sensation in the musical world by an- nouncing her withdrawal from the list of the public singing artists, S| going back to the simplicities of the Western farm from which she s, ularly emerged only a little w] ago to make the musical experts and critics of Broadway straighten u}u in their of her mar- seats under the melodies voice. only 23 years old now velous . Miss Talley is and, -therefore, at the age when the :"{;:e nrt.}ag :,onld»he nhndnlnl an' ur T Worl conquer and greater fortunes to pluck. But with half a mil- lion earned already, she has turned her back upon the silvery lines of the future that open up to her and goes back to mthe crudities and monotonies of farm We rather glory in her decision, un- usual that it may be. Often it is the e e e B maiity ‘when quit, wever ding dizzy pin- . Curbing One Speaker. From' the Altoona Mirror. A couple of Ne Jersey legislaf -M:filrh?hwlgr It has finally happened—a legislative joke that wasn't on the tax- Y T SRS R T o | view, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS | BY FREbEMG J. HASKIN, Have we had the you through cur Wi pleasure of serving | English history and mg moun- ‘ashington. Informa- | taineers of mum% and L as for a uni- | tion Bureau? Can’t we be of some help |& worm. Hence referring to to you in problems? Our business | man who is su i8 fo furnish you with authoritative in- formation, and we invite you to ask us any question of fact in which you are interested. Send your inquiry to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Prederic J. Haskin, director, Washington, D. C. Inclose 2 cents in coin or stamps for return postage. Q. To what churches do the mem- l;u f the new cabinet belong?— . 8. A ta; , Mellon, Good and Lamont and Attorney General byterians. tmaster Mitchell Pres| . Posf General Brown is a Congregationalist, Secretary Adams a Universalist, Secre- tary Hyde a Methodist and Secretary Davis a Baptist. Secretary Wilbur is not a church’member. Q. Who will play the part of Christ at Oberammergau in 1930?—C. R. A. Anton Lang, who been Christus in the three last Pazsion Plays, has reached an age and weight which makes his playing the role impossible. The choice will probably lie between Anton’s cousin, Aloys Lang, and the blacksmith, Hugo Rutz. Q. Why does it take so many more muscles to frown than to smile?— A. The human face has & large num- ber of small muscles under the surface of the skin. The art of frowning re- quires the use of muscles of the fore~ produce many wrinkles in that area. Smiling calls only for the use of sev- eral muscles located in the vicinity of the mouth, nose and eyes. Q. How many customers are there usually on a milk route?—H. E. A. It is somewhere near 200. Q. Has the Metropolitan Opera Co. closed its opera and concert season in New York?>—T. C. A. Its operatic season closed in New York on Saturday evening, April 13. The final Sunday night concert was given on April 14, Q. How big is the army of Japan?— B. 8. C. B. A. The active army of Japan num- bers 210,000 men. Q. My husband was John Hunter Smith, jr., until the death of his father & short time ago. His mother is still living. He has dropped the “jr.” What inscription should my visiting cards bear?—D. D. A. Your cards should read “Mrs. John Hunter Smith.” His mother should have “sr.” added to hers or omit the Christian names. Q. How many dining cars are there on the railroads in the United States?— w. . 8. A. In 1927 there were 1,670 dining cars in service. Q. In a speed typewriting contest how is the size of words reckoned?— J. 8. A. In typewriting contests it is usual to count every five strokes made by the | operator as a word. Q. Do ivy vines damage walls?>—H.N. A. They do not injure walls. They cling by means of tiny vacuum cups on the ends of rootlike tendrils, which, after the cups are securely attached, contract, drawing the ivy close to the surface of the wall. Q." Is there a scientific name for the desire to set fire to buildings?—A. E. L. A. Pyromania is an intense desire to set fire to buildings and other objects. It is a form of mental aberration. Q. Would it.be safe to use an un- sterilized needle when removing a sliver or splinter>—W. D. A. It is not safe to use an_unsteri- lized needle for this purpose. By. steri- lizing by heat or by immersion in al- cohol sterilization is simple. 1 Q. When did the first edition of the | “Encyclopaedia Britannica” appear?— | J. L. K. A. It appeared in 1768. Q. In what country did the berets that are being so much in evidence originate?—H. N. A. Berets were originally the head- gear of the Basque country of France and Spain. These caps are now being imported by the thousands of dozens. Q. Explain the expression “Cute with & worm” or “Right cute with a worm.” G. A. ‘The word “cute” is used here to mean “clever” and the copper coil used in a still is commonly referred to in old in the United States?-—R. of a muskrat seal, ceessfully ‘cohn liquor” he is often said to be “Right rlnud book A. It is a Chinese book, ited on wood paper with wooden tm.m-:a while cute with a worm.” Q. What is the oldest the it was before 1190 A.D, aut| Q. What kind of fur is Hudson seal? -—S. 0. A. This is & name given to the fur dyed the color of Alaska Q. How many automobiles are in in the United States, and how mn“‘; deaths from automobile accidents are th:e 1!: :,;:lr?—'. J. N. there were approxim ea,?ooégogno-uwmlobuu in “use. 'r'r:fii vere 22, people killed in accidents during the year. oty Q. How long did the Marathon dance last which was sponsored at Denver by ::1: dAT"‘(‘i:nlou'mn? What is the ord for the longest danc b M. 8. McP. . 108 P A. The Marathon dance at Denver Was sponsored by Denver Chapter, No. 4, Disabled American Veterans of the World War. The record at Denver was 792 hours when the dance was stopped, ‘l;lhislzoanags;l:efiord was h“ Minneapolis —2, ours, The 2 record 1s 1,063 hours, - L 1% Q. When is the DeAalhTXlll;ey?vEA Hw . e best time to cross - ley is between the 15th of chxl:gr‘:.nld the 15th of April. A gallon of water is needed for each person = lons for each hor?e' sy b Q. Do foreigners have to n:;urgl:ed l‘x; this country?—E. b;coge . ere is no compulsor; it - zation in the United S!gtu. L Q. How I d s M.J.R ong does twilight last?. A. ‘Twilight ends when the sun about 18 degrees below the horizon, CO!’E fifl‘:fig“", x‘nr: g‘umuon varies with the le e_season, dependin the declination of the sun, s (o Q. Please give a history of the Soo locks. How much traf €] - mi‘ i fic do they han. The original canal connecting St. Marys Falls and Rapids was a c‘rude affair made by trappers and traders in 1797-98 to connect with the Northwest country in order to permit them to com- Pete in the transportation of furs with the Hudson Bay Co. This work was practically destroyed by United States troops in 1814 during the war with Great Britain, and in 1853 a system of canals was begun by the State of Michi- gan within the United States borders to connect Lakes Superior and Huron. This cost $1,000,000 and had two locks. It was enlarged in 1870 in co-operation Wwith the United States Government, and in 1882 Michigan grelinquished control to the Federal Government. In 1926 17,548 vessels passed through the canals with a gross tonage of 66,328,858 tons. Q. When was the expression “female seminary” first used?—A. D. D. A. The name “female seminary” was coired by Emma Willard, one of the pioneers in the field of American edu- cation. When in 1814 she opened a school for young ladies. she could not call it a college for fear of “intruding txn’emm | on the province of men.” Q. What are the figures indicating the size of the Hypostyle Hall at Kar- nak?—P. N. A. The breadth is 338 feet; depth, 170 feet; area, about 6,000 squaze yards. . Is there a snuffbox made from §"°Ah‘fr of Napoleon's favorite horse?— A. There is still in existence a snuff- box made from & hoof of Napoleon's fa- mous ‘charger, Marengo. The hoof is silver-shod and fitted with a silver lid, upon which is this inseription: *“Hoof of Marengo, barb charger of Napoleon, ridden by him at Marengo, Jena, Wa- gram, in the Russian campaign and at Waterloo.” Q. How tall is Gen. Pershing and what is his weight>—V. M. T. A. Gen. Pershing is 5 feet 111 inches tall and weighs 192 pounds. Q. Who was the first State school official in America?—P. A. A. The distinction of being the first State school official in America belongs to Horace Mann, who, in 1837, became secretary of the Massachusetis State Board of Education. Unneighborly Attitude Seen in Ban on Natura Expressions of regret that the United States is put in an unneighborly atti- tude toward Canada mark most of the American newspaper comment on a re- cent * Supreme Court - decision under which naturalized Canadians are to be barred from commuting across the bor- der to work. “Native Canadians complying with the formalities,” the Cleveland News ex- plains, “can still earn wages such as are obtainable in the United States while enjoying Canadian advantages, such as lower ?lvlng costs. Citizens of the United States preferring to live on the Canadian side of the line, though work- ing on this side, will presumably r main free to do so, whether they are wage earners or business men. It is to be hoped that the ruling, definitely re- pudiating the old Jay treaty that gave citizens of both countries the right to ‘pass and repass’ over the boundary, will not be objectionable to Canada, or prompt retaliation of any kind. Coast Guard shootings and sinkings have strained .the neighborly relationship enough, with the provocations all com- ing from our side. And our immigra- tion procedure seems likely to be suffi- ciently complicated by resort to the ‘national origins’ basis.” “The spirit in which the Immigration Bureau proposes to utilize this decision and the new deportation law, which becomes. effective on July 1,” in the opinion of the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, “is entirely out of harmony with the attitude of comity and consid- eration which ought to prevail in the handling of this subject. * * * An ungracious determination to make the most, from the bureaucratic point of of the uncomfortable situation created by the decision will be con- demned by the American people anxious for a maximum of comity and the mini- mum of red tape in their relations with their neighbors to- north.” * Xk k% “If we feel a real need of restricting the influx of workers from the Domin- ion, it might be better,” says the Kala- mazoo Gazette, “to face the thi sq\:grely and adopt the quota principle with respect to all countries of North and South America. Such a course may not be at all advisable, but it probably would be less objectionable than the attempt to prescribe a formal distinc- tion between native-born and natural- ized citizens of Canada.” ‘The Bellingham decision mmw::lwlmnmm get to 1t and especially natural- with no way to “Canadians, ized lized Canadians Milwaukee Journal, “can hardly be ex- pected to appreciate the court’s inter- pretation of our immigration restric- tions. They may be expected to feel that the American attitude is an attack on the potency of the Canadian nat- uralization laws. They may be expected to resent this attitude, just as we would resent it if Canada should declare that naturalized Americans could not work freely in Canada. In view of this, it is a question if our immigration laws should not be changed to permit com- muting over our border to all Canadian citizens, regardless or* th:lr birthplaces.” “If we apply it to Canadians, other countries may apply the point to us, with future embarrassments,” advises the St. Louis Globe-Democrs comment on the Jay treaty: record of inconsistencies under the treaty is becoming an elongated one. Once British statesmen insisted the treatv was rendered invalid by the War of 1812 and we vigorously protested. Now in a judicial determination we acquiesce in the view. If there is one tradition we have steadfastly main- tained. it is the one of uncompromising antagorism to the principle of indis- soluble allegiance. One of the causes of opposition to the Jay pact was its silence on this point, and we went to war over it in 1812.” “That the decision is of advantage to American labor there can be no doubt.” states the Providence Journal, adding: “By tending to reduce unemployment in this country it is likewise inescapa- ble that it is of at least temporary benefit to the American people gener- ally. But what of the future, say half a century hence?” queries the Journal. “We may well ask ourselves now whether the time may not arrive during the present century when American workmen will be more anxious to cross the border daily to work Canada than Dominion residents are to reverse the process at the present time.” “It is extremely unfortunate.” con= cludes the Columbus Evening Dispatch, ng | “that the opposite opinion has allowed to prevail for more than a cen- tury. ‘The practical result of the deci- sfon under vresent circumstances may be quite different from what has been expected by those who have striven to break up the crossing of the border by day laborers. An ill feelin it has ever suffered from competition Canadian laborers.” Nevertheless, the Manchester Union &ufl- that the decision “will simplify