Evening Star Newspaper, April 7, 1929, Page 63

MULTIWING SHIPS TERMED LOGICAL Seen by Students as Most i Probable Air Liners of Future. R BY W. E. BERCHTOLD, Associated Press Aviation Editor. ANN ARBOR, Mich. (#).—Students of aeronautical engineering, whose no- tions in airplane design may shape the future of air transportation, now have another wind tunnel laboratory in which they may test their toylike mod- els without the expense and danger of building full-sized planes. Started in 1922, the University of Michigan’s wind tunnel has been de- veloped year by year until now its builder and master, Prof. Felix W. Pawlowski, says it is ready for a heavy research program that will include studies on types of airplanes radically different from those now seen in the air. ‘The controversy over the relative ef- ficiency of monoplanes and multiplanes is far from ended, according to Prof. Pawlowski, who believes that the mono- plane’s present popularity is a transi- tory whim of designers. He and an associate, L. V. Kerber, plan further research with multiplanes in the new Michigan wind tunnel. “The monoplane is well adapted to the present stage of air transporta- tion,” Prof. Pawlowski says, “but when airplane designers are called upon In future years construct transoceanic planes big enough to carry hundreds of people, the multiplane—that is, the airplane with three, four, five or more wing surfaces—appears to offer greater possibilities.” Kerber already has carried on some experiments in the Michigan wind tun- nel during the last three years with a quadruplane having four wings set back in tiers above each other. Tne model, developed to perfect scale ot a full-sized_machine, proved to have high lift efficiency and other charac- teristics favorable to operation. Experts in the industry recognize that the universities must be depended upon for development of future aeronauti- cal engineers. Aerodynamics and other specialized subjects in which the aero- nautical engineer must have thorough training probably can be taught with greatest ease and efficiency through competent university instruction. Wind tunnels, which are the lab- oratories for research in aerodynamics —a highly technical field, embracing a study of airplanes’ flight properties —have a romantic appeal to popular imagination. They make it possible to study exactly how an airplane will act in winds of velocities up to several hundred miles an hour, without ever building a full-sized "“'Fh“': Toy-like models, bullt with great accuracy and precision, are used. Deli- cate wires suspend the models in the tunnel air stream, and sensitive in- struments record the forces acting upon the model as if it were in flight, The University of Michigan wind tunnel, designed by Prof. Pawlowski, differs’ from_most others at university, military and commercial aeronautical laboratories. It has a dual return for the air blown through the main throat of the tunnel, so that the air circulates constantly instead of being blown out one end. It also has a unique arrangement which ‘makes possible an adjustment of tunnel's throat to diameters of five. six, seven or eight feet. This makes possible flexibility in its use for re- search problems involving airstreams of varicus velocities up to 250 miles any hour. FIND BIRDS STILL ARE BEST AIRPLANES French Scientists Conclude Swal- low Is Three Times as Fast as Best Pursuit Plane. PARIS (#).—Birds still fiy better than | men, for all science and airplanes can do. A single swallow is three times as swift and economical a fiyer as the very best pursuit plane in the French army. Such are the conclusions placed before the French Academy of Sciences by a group of distinguished sclentists. Three savants, Huguenard, Magnan and Sainte-Lague, have used a new “machine gun” movie camera, with a |Tran: double objective, to devolve a method for testing the “finesse” on real air- planes in actual flight and on birds in the air. The camera gives simultaneously on the same strip of film clear images of & guiding mark on the ground six feet from its lens and of an airplane flying far away, as well as a clear image of a man placed 150 feet away. Using it, the sclentists discovered a good pursuit plane gave a “finesse” ir~ ferior to 6. The “finesse” of a swallow was found to be at least 19. AIR CAMERAA;IEN TRACE MISSOURI RIVER IN FILM Accurate Map Made for Use in . Flood Conmtrol and Naviga- £ tion Projects. JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. (#).—The muddy face of the Missouri River be- tween Sioux City, Jowa, and St. Louis has been photographed by aerial cam- “;’1“”!‘ working 14,000 feet above their subject. ‘The river was traced in film to pro- vide the War Department an accurate map of the river and its banks for use in flood control and navigation projects. Two Chicago cameramen, J. B. Hom- berg and Hugh J. O'Boyle, both former Army airmen, spent many days sighting their camera through an aperture in the bottom of an airplane as they criss- crossed the river between the Iowa point and the mouth at St. Louis. It was necessary to cross and recross the stream to obtain accurate prints. If they had followed the twists and turns of the stream, the banking of the plane would have distorted the ex- posures. SWIFT AIR MAIL PLANE NOW UNDERGOING TEST First of Series Designed for Speed Recently Delivered to National Transport Corporation. The first of & series of airmail beoflao!'.h;“ The University of Michigan wind tunnel is ready for research in airplane P Felix W. Pawlowski (right), head of aeronautical engineering at tunnel designer, with L. V. Kerber, is conducting tests on a uadruplane, 2 type not in use now, in the new tunnel (above) Ann Arbor and the AIRWAYS NETWORK EXPANSION SEEN April Will Mark Broad Exten- sion of Plane Service Over Nation. BY DON BROWN. (Copyright, 1929, by the North American Newspaper Alliance.) SALT LAKE CITY, Utah, April 6.— This month will see the largest expan- sion in transcontinental passenger air- plane traffic yet effected in this coun- try. Three established air transport companies will inaugurate cross-the- continent passenger service with large multimotored planes. All will be more or less in competition. Survey flights for a line from Seattle to Alaska are under way. Another line down the coast to Mexico City is being planned across the southern part of the United States, so that the air: traveler may obtain swift and comfortable tran- sit from Los Angeles through El Paso ll:ll:'l Fort Worth to New Orleans and At~ ta. ‘The Western Air Express, which has successfully operated nger lines radiating from Los Angeles to San Fran- cisco. Salt Lake City and Tia Juana, Mexico, for the last three years, in a few weeks will ‘start a plane service from Kansas City to Los Angeles, con- necting with trains to New York and other eastern points. New Train-Plane Service. At about the same time Transconti- nental Air Transport will start a train- and-plane service across the continent. Also within a few weeks the Boeing Air Transport, which now holds the Chi- cago-San Francisco mail contract and also carries a few passengers, plans to inaugurate regular nger. service with multimotored - planes 'over -the same route. National Air Transport, the Stout Airways & Colonial Air all are operating lines over which the Chicago to New York leg of this transcontinental route can be flown in abeut eight hours. Only last week service was established over the largest gap in what is prac- tically a transcontinental service across the southern border States. Standard Air Lines, which has operated a pas- senger service from Los Angeles to Tuc- son for nearly two years, recently ex- tended the line to EI Paso. Last week, regular service from El Paso to Fort Worth was established by the Texas Air ‘Transport from Fort Worth, and the air traveler may fly on to Houston, then to Atlanta, Ga., via New Orleans. All of these lines operate fast and comfortable planes and maintain highly regular schedules. Rate Reductions Expected. Passenger rates are comparatively high now, and the planes are patronized mostly by business men whose time is valuable, but as the lines are further developed the rates will gradually go down. “Within five or ten years, it will be possible to fly a passenger across the continent from dawn to dusk for about $50,” a high official of one of the oldest and most successful of the passenger- carrying lines told the writer. And this man has the reputation in the air trans- port circles of being a pessimist. F. A. F. IN AVIATION SIMILAR TO F. 0. B’ Fly Away Factory Means Delivery ‘Will Be Made on Field at Plant, Buyer to Take Air. What “F. O. B.” means to the auto- mobtle buying public “F. A. ing to mehtlviac to the in > as many automobile pur- chasers formerly learned to their sor- Tow, means “freight on for loading the manufacturer freight car, but from tha the s a e ) It h%‘n”mt basis that most ' Benoe b A Py away e Airways Section Being Built. The Portland-Seattle section of the San Francisco-Seattle alrway no! under construction, with contracts call- is now ruisi for of the work within » |any passenger, ted school of aeronautics which % established “at M THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON. D. C. APRIL 7, Pelicans, Scared By Plane, Scatter Shower of Fish Fishes fell from the sky recent- ly at the Salt Lake City Airport. A local fiyer was aloft in a small monoplane when a formasion of big white pelicans, apparently on a cross-country flight, hove into sight. The pilot playfully circled the birds, causing great excitement and confusion among them. It WRIGHTS' MEDAL - WON BY NAVY MAN Paper on Propellers by Comdr. Havill Awarded Ipitial Honor. Lieut. Comdr. Clinton H. Havill, chief llor’ section of the Navy Aeronautics, been ‘Wright Brothers’ Medal for 1928 for the best paper of the year on aerodynamics, structural theory or construction of aircraft. Comdr. Havill is the first man ever to be awarded this medal. Although the award first was offered in 1924, the board of awards up to this year has not. felt that any paper submitted has com- | plied with the rigid requirements set | up for the contest. ‘The paper which won the award for Comdr. Havill deals with aircraft pro- pellors and was submitted by him to the Society of Automotive Engineers. The paper contains a description of re- | search work performed by the author while on duty in the Bureau of Aero- nautics. - In this paper Comdr. Havill has tab- ulated the data on many types of pro- pellors in such form that from his tables the proper propellors may be selected for an airplane of any gi¥en weight, speed and rate of climb. The Wright medal will be presoemted to Comdr, Havill at a dinner to be held in Detroit April 14 at the conclusion of the Detroit aircraft show, which will open Saturday. Comdr. Havill is a native of Rochester, N. Y., where he was born November 25, 1892. He was graduated from the | United States Naval Academy at An-| napolis in 1916 and was commissioned an ensign. Prior to his present assign ment here he was sationed at the Naval Alr Station, Lakehurst, N. J. GOEBEL DELAYS FLIGHT TO BECOME INSTRUCTOR| Dole Hop Winner Will Head New Aviation Company in Kansas City. KANSAS CITY (#)—Col. Arthur C. Goebel, whose proposed non-stop flight around the world has been deferred due to his recent illness, is to become a teacher of aviation, The Dole flight winner has been se- lected to head a company of Kansas City business men, who will incorporate as the Goebel Aviation Co. A school for aviators, with accommodations for 200 students, will be established at one was noted that many of the feathered veterans were out of control. Silvery streaks shot down through the air, The precipitation proved to be fish—suckers and carp. The peli- cans, feeling themselves too heav- ily laden for light maneuvering, had dumped the fish they were carrying home for dinner in their commodious beaks. TWO RULES GIVEN <« FOR AIR PASSENGERS Examine Plane for License and Make Sure of Pilot's Fitness, g Maximum safety in air travel is as- sured, says the American Air Trans- port_ Association, if two simple rules will be followed by the passenger before stepping into any plane. The - tion’s rules are: Examine the plane for its Depart- ment of Commerce identification num- ber.. It will.be found, preceded letter C or NC (as C-697 or NC-154, on both wings and on the rudder. The numbers show the plane has the rigid tests of the Government and is airworthy. Ask -the pilot if he is licensed. and,: if there'is any doubt, ask to’see his license. He must carry it with him and is required to show it on demand of Only transport pilots and limited commercial pilots may car- ry passengers for hire. Others break the law and should be reported to the nearest authorities. The association points out that all the large commercial air transport com- panies- use only licensed planes and pllots, and both are required to undergo exhaustive tests at regular intervals. Ninety per cent of all aircraft acci- dents occur in unlicensed planes oper- ated by unlicensed pilots, and these figures alone should warn the prospec- tive passenger to exercise every care, the association says. e ) 15 CITIES ARE ADDED TO U. S. AIR NETWORK Mail, and Passenger Planes to Caver 1,855 Additional Miles. 123 Stops Listed. During the first three months of this r 1,855 miles and 15 cities have been ded to the network of air mail and air passenger routes, the American Air ‘Transport Association has announced. Daily stops are made at 123 cities and Fohn:“' now fly over routes 21,253 miles More than 9,000 miles of airways are lighted for night flying, and within 60 days 4,000 additional miles will be light~ ed. Transport companies operating over United States airways are flying 57,516 miles daily, the monthly report of the aeronautics branch of the De- partment of Commerce shows. Of the daily flying mileage, 39,216 miles are in the air mail services, the remaind-~r being divided between pas- senger carrying and other services. SPANISH FLYING SCHOOL T0 ADMIT FOREIGNERS Madrid Institution Wi]l Take in Limited Number of Out- side Students, Limited numbers of foreign students will be admitf to a nie‘: Spanish has been at Madrid, according to a report received partme of Commerce. h::e:tmbe i The purpose 1] 5 to develop = theoretical it o] S and struction of for the 1 , ‘con- aircraft and “aeronau of students to fill posi- tions in rnmental or - com- meAn:m aeronau fleld. Pplaces for representatives of the aeronautical services of of Private fore! ted in a limited number after due ex- amination regarding their- fitness. are_reserved vernmental er nations. Site for Airport Selected. A site for the Lemmon, S, D., muni- clpal afrport has been selected just west of the city. to plans drawn up, the area will be loped through construction of four runways, none of which will be under 3,500 feet in length. Added facilities, such as hapgars and | | | associa. by the |. passed Iend of the Kansas City municipal air- Tt poA tract of 90 acres has been leased as the laboratory for the flying school. ax i / I 1929—PART 4. D. C. GIRL TELLS SENSATION OF FIRST PARACHUTE Geraldine Runnion Makes Jump to Help Pay Training Fee. Admits She Was “Scared to Death” as Crowd .£ bt Cheers. B § —— How does it feel Yo slip out of the door of an airplane :several thousand feet above the ground, trusting to a circle of gauzy silk to bring you safely to the ground? The sensations of pro- fessional pilots making plunges to save their lives have frequently appeared in print, but there have been few accounts from the non-professional viewpoint as vivid as that related recently by Miss Geraldine Runnion, 1620 R street, a student pilot in the D. C. Air Legion. Miss Runnion, who now is taking flying training at College Park, Md., has made several jumps to raise funds to belp pay for her flying tuition. She made her first parachute jump at Logan Pield, Baltimore, not long ago under the direction of W. F. Scott, aviation chief machinist'’s mate at the Anacostia Naval Air Station and one of the most noted parachute men in the service. She was the first woman ::nd make a parachute jump in Mary- In her description of the experience Miss Runnion told of a jump made by Scott shortly before the time scheduled for her trial, Made Beautiful Jump. *He made the most beautiful jump d landing any one ever hoped to see,” she said. “He landed exactly in front of thé stand within 15 feet of the crowd. “After we came down, it was time for Scotty to get me ready. Every one kept asking me if I was scared. course I told every one I wasn't. A reporter was joking with me and got me a powder puff to powder my nose on the way down. Everything was all set. We got in the Fairchild and. went up. ‘The door was taken off the plane 50 there wasn't a thing between me and the ground but space. I kept watching the ground and got panicky. Scotty started talking to me—asking me to look out of the other window at the sky, at the pretty clouds, Chesa- peake Bay in the distance, ete. It calmed me down while we were get- ting into position. “Scotty told me to turn around with my feet hanging out the door and get ready., I grabbed an iron rod above the door. He took my hand away. I told him I couldnt go. He said, “All right, get over here, and I'll go” I shook my head, “No.” He told me we were almost ready. Just before it was time, I turned around to him and said, “Scotty, please don’t make me go—I can’t.” 1 was terrified. Just then he touched me lightly on the Business Coupe 2-Door Seden s Rosdster (with rumble sesf) MISS “JERRY” RUNNION. shoulder and said, “Go, little girl,” and From then until I heard cord snap I don't remember a thing. had dropped about 150 feet he sald, “Pull” and I pulled the rip-cord, but I didn't hear I went. Scotty says that when I him and don’t remember it. “Ground Met Me.” “Then came the jerk of the chute . 1 saw my feet in the air. They looked 15 feet away, and I wondered, “Do those belong to me?” I was 50 busy getting my chest-pack unhooked and thrown over my head that I just glanced at the ground. noticed myself oscillating and tried to stop it. I was not in the line of flight and tried to turn around. But things All I could do catching the wind, just didn't happen. didn't feaze the chute at all. where it pleased. met quicl “I rolled over on my back, the boys cn%ht the chute, and everything was O.XK. When I stood up, my left knee hurt pretty bad, but not long. Lots of fellows were around me talking and then we got in the car to go back. ‘They took me the whole length of the crowd, and they cheered and cheered. It made me feel so queer. For I hadn't was scared been brave at all—I death. “The last thing Maj. Tipton, the pilot, said to me before I jumped was, “Don't forget to bring back the rip- But I never even thought of So the ripcord was lost, and I bought cigars for the bunch, as is the cord.” it. usual custom. e ELKHART, Ind. (#).—The second an- nual American Legion air congress is planned here June 14, 15 and 16, under auspices of Thomas McCoy Post, No. 74. | month. LEAP the It kept on going and doing just what and I looked down at about 200 feet from the ground and saw the fellows getting out of the car, f | I looked up, and at that second I hit the ground. It must have come up and km' for one of us sure arrived FUNKHOUSER SEES GAINS IN FLYING Capital to Be More Important Center of Activity Than Ever Before, He Believes. i ‘This Spring and Summer will find the National Capital a more important center of flying activity than at any becl:n ey v:::lumn:pon:?klm‘mlm‘hn e 8 1 3 in the opinion of Robert E. Funkhouser, president .of United States Air Trans- port, operators of the Washington Air- | mn“nnnd the Washington-New York Commercial aviation fn general will make remarkable advances during the next few months, Mr. Punkhouser be- lieves, and continued favorable weather conditions will result within the next few weeks in a marked increase in inter-city air traffic. “A survey of the situation at this juncture ‘should be heartening to all those" interested in the progress of commercial flying,” Mr. sald. “Although the season of greatest aviation activity is just barely under way, already there are unmistakable signs of unprecedented growth as com- pared with this’same period last year. “That inter-city flying will reach new levels in volume is a foregone conclu- far. Despite a few widely heralded mishaps here and there, it has become firmly fixed in the public mind that flying, properly condycted, is eminently. safe. ’ “Furthermore, the public now is com- pletely sold on,the practical value of the plane. The business man, for ex- ample, likes the idea of saving hours which can be turnéd to profitable con- I ferences, rather than spending them in less rapid means of transportation.” AVIATION SCHOOLS OPEN. Two Western Universities Inau- gurate Training in Many Phases. SALT LAKE CITY, Utah (#).—Two Western universities, Utah and South- ern California, have inaugurated exten- sion courses in commercial of aviation. The courses include lessons on the effect of transportation on civilization, history of aviation, commercial applica- tion, types of planes and motors, theory of flight, training of personnel, opera- tions, airways, airports, mail, passenger and express services, aviation insurance, mmommy, air law, operating costs and rat to All survey work on the New York- Albany section of the New-York-Mont- real airway has been completed, with construction work due to start CHRYSLER "65” PRICES Le4s e $1040 ety 106 B0 0 Touring Car 4-Door Sedes Conpe (with rusble soat) e AR prices 4. 0. b. foctory (wire wheols astre) By inspection and comparison you will learn that Chrysler “65” is years ahead in engineering and in de- sign. Ask for a demonstration and you will be amazed that such performance,-such ease of riding and hand- "~ Only Chrysler ‘wg MAINE’S VIEW OF AVIATION Foresees Rapid Development and Proposes Uniform Law. AUGUSTA (#).—With the prospect that aviation may be in Maine wit conflicting automobile traffic different s:':: and communities. i GERMAN AIRWAYS' LIGHTING PLANNED Extensive Development in Next Two Years Aim of Large Or- ganization, U. S. Informed. laws regulat Extensive lighting development is planned for German airways in the next two years by the Deutsche Luft Hansa, the largest European commer- cial aviation organization, according to word received here by the Department of Commerce. Today only two German airways, the Berlin-Dantzig-Koenigs- berh| wzxd the Berlin-Hanover lines, are sion on the basis of developments thus | ligi ‘The new lighting m will - vide lighted nrwnylm::“ln pumpr:r Germany. Electric beacons will be es- tablished on towers at intervals of 25 to 30 kilometers, the beacons having a range of 50 to 60 kilometers. Emergency landing fields will be laid out at in- tervals of 50 to 60 kilometers, or 30 to 37 miles. At intervals of 5 kilometers, or 3 miles, between the main beacons aux- iliary beacons with a range of 10 to 15 kilometers will be installed. The system of radio beacons is to be de- veloped so that pilots will be able to determine their position with great ac- | euracy. PLANE IMPORTS GROW. TU. S. Exports to Canada Show In- crease of 321 Per Cent. Canadian airplane imports during the last year increased nearly 400 per cent | over those of 1927, reaching a total value of $1,756,086, according to a re- port received here from A. H. - mann, assistant trade commissioner at %The e United States supplied $1,202,249 I‘Wonh of = i | imported last year totaled pared with 34 in 1927, the the United States in this |to 89 airplanes and il | Kingdom from 6 to 90. this greatest combination of advanced features 6-CYLINDER HIGH-COMPRESSION ENGINE of Chrysler‘‘Silver-Dome” principle: 65h.p. 7-BBARING COUNTER-WEIGHTED CRANK- SHAFT: provide smoothness. CRANKSHAFT IMPULSE NEUTRALIZER. - 1s0.THERM INVAR.STRUT pistons - with tongue and groove rings. o Jand and'Ih the air retiak asrodyriamics, 3 students will be admit- | s unparalleled engine R PIvOTAL STEE) in & motor, car,* RuBBER ENGINE MOUNTINGS: eliminate transference of engine impulses to frame: and body. MaNtFoLD HEAT, CONTROL: to insure quick warming up in cold weather. ELECTRIC GASOLINE GAUGE: on dash. RING: easiest stgering known SLER-65 g ».@:é,i-mvs,tjznhu,orons PRODUGCT H. B. LEARY, JR,, & BROS. Executive Offices and Service, 161222 You St. N.W. DISTRIBUTORS SPRING-ENDS ANCHORED IN BLOCKS OF LIvE RUBBER, instead of metal shackles. CHRYSLER-TYPE WEATHERPROOF INTER- NAL-EXPANDING 4-wheel hydraulic brakes, HYDRAULIC SHOCK ABSORBERS. MOHAR OR BROADCLOTH UPHOLSTERY OPTIONAL, without extra cost, Etc., ete. Salesrooms—1612-22 You St. N.W.—Connecticut Ave. and Que St. N.W. and 10th and H Sts. II\LE. Used Car Salesrooms—1321-23 Fourteenth St.-N:W. N Chevy Chase Motor Co. #7 " Frank H. Rowe & Skinker Mofor . 4216,20th St