Evening Star Newspaper, March 4, 1929, Page 1

WEATHER. (T. 8. Weather Bureau Forecast.) Rain, probably becoming heavy late this afternoon or early tonight; tomor- TOw ¢lear and colder; increasing south- east winds. Temperatures: Highest, 52, at 5 p.m. yesterday; lowest, 38, at 3 am. today. Full report on page 9. Closing N. Y. Markets, Pages 14 and 15 No. 30,988. Entered_as second class matter post office, Washington, D. C. he & Loen WITH SUNDAY MORNING 0 g EDITION ny Sias. WASHINGTON, D. (., MONDAY, MARCH 4, 1929—FIFTY-FOUR PAGES. HOOVER SWORN IN; OUTLINES HIS P RAIN-SOAKED THRONG RAISES LOUD CHEER AS OATH IS TAKEN Even Dignitaries, Under Capitol Canopy, Fail to Escape Steady Downpour. PRESIDENT’S FACE DRENCHED WHILE HE READS ADDRESS Procession Wends Way Up Avenue to Reviewing Stand in Front of White House. Herbert Hoover was inaugurated President of the United States this afternoon before a huge throng which braved a steady drizzle of rain to witness the historic rites. Exposed to gusts of rain and chilly wind which swept beneath the canopy of the temporary stand at the east front of the Capitol, the new President took the oath at exactly 8 minutes after 1 o'clock. Less than an hour later he had passed down rain-soaked, humanity-banked Pennsylvania avenue to the White House and was ready to review the colorful military and civic pageant which camie behind him through the rain. The rain, beginning as Senator Curtis took the oath as Vice President in the Senate Chamber. increased from a drizzle to a steady downpour that swept across the crowded plaza on Capitol Hill and spared not even the dignitaries presumably under cover. Great Burst of Applause. The President-about-to-be, overcoated but with bared head, ghudvhis hand upon the open pages of a Bible while Chief Justice aft read to him the solemn pledge of faith, and his firm “I do” was audible to the thousands gathered under a sea of umbrellas and newspapers out in front. Then he bent Pver.the-sacred volume and kissed it. As he did so the enormous throng forgot umbrellas and rain and sent a great burst of applause and cheering echoing against the columned perticos of the halls of Congress. Throughout the reading of his inaugural address the new President was splattered frequently by the rain, but he proceeded firmly, wholly unmindful of his discomfort. %he oath, prescribed by the Constitution, was administered t6 Mr. Hoover by the Chief Justice of the United States, William Howard Tait, who in 1909 stood in the same place and was | sworn in as President. “I do solemnly swear that I will faithfully execute the office of President of the United States, and will, to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States,” said the President-elect in firm tones, following the dictation of the oath by the Chief Justice. And inthe twinkling of an eye Herbert Hoover became the Chief Executive of the United States, the thirtieth man to hold that office, though by the official count of the State Department the thirty first President. Grover Cleveland's return to office following an interim of four years is responsible for. the count. First Chief Executive From Pacific Coast. For the first time in history the United States has a Chief Executive from the Pacific Coast and a Vice President from beyond the Mississippi River.” The inauguration of President Hoover and Vice President Curtis today is the consummation of the campaign and election last November, which resulted in 444 electoral votes being cast for Hoover and Curtis to 87 for Smith and Robinson, their Democratic opponents. When he took the oath of office Mr. Hoover opened the third consecutive term of the presidential office held by a Republican. CURTIS IN TAKING Above: Chief Justice Taft administering the oath of office. Below: Thousands of spectators, standing beneath umbrellas, during the ceremony at the Capitol. OATH PLEDES AD TOBNPEDTE WORK :Parting Shot at Senate Rules Is High Spot of Dawes’ e inayguration of President Hoover in the historic setting which has seen the oath of office administered to many Presidents was an impressive ceremony, simple though it was. He stood on a specially constructed platform on the east steps of the Capitol. Around him were the principal officers of the Government of the United States and the representatives of the nations of the world. On the left of the President’s stand were the Senate and officers of the cabinet. The House was seated on the right of the President, as also were other distinguished guests. Immediately following the administration of the oath of office, President Hoover delivered his inaugural address, outlining his views of the public questions which confront his administration. The President, as he stood on the stand to take the oath of office, looked out over a vast concourse of people. Immediately before him were the specially invited guests, occupying seats in the stands, 8,000 in number. But beyond these seats and spreading out over the Capi- tol Plaza were many more thousands. With the use of loudspeakers, the President’s voice was carried clearly to them all. Escorted From Capitol to Stand. ‘When President Hoover and former President Calvin Coolidge came from the Capitol Building out onto the platform there was a roar of applause from the great crowd. They were escorted to the seats re- served for them. To their right sat the Chief Justice and on their left was Vice President Charles Curtis and former Vice President Charles G. Dawes and the committee on arrangements, headed by Senator George Moses of New Hampshire, President pro tempore of the Sen- ate. President Hoover and the others came to the stand from the Senate chamber, where a few minutes before they had witnessed the inauguration of Charles Curtis of Kansas as Vice President. The Associate Justices of the Supreme Court, the members of the Diplomatic Corps, the General of the Armies, John J. Pershing; the Chief of Staff of the Army, the Chief of Naval Operations and the Commandant of the Marine Corps, with their aides, were all escorted to seats upon the platform near the President. The brilliant court uniforms of the members of the Diplomatic Corps, and the uniforms of the officers of the Army and Navy and Marine Corps, added a touch of color to the spectacle made somber by the formal dark clothes of the President and the other officers of the Government and the black robes of the members of the Supreme Court. Great Throng Listens to Proceedings. President Hoover's address was heard with the keenest interest by the great throng, and at times was interrupted by applause. At its conclusion he was given an ovation. Former President Coolidge and Mrs. Coolidge divided the interest of the crowd with President Hoover and Mrs. Hoover. When the President had concluded his inaugural address, he and Mrs. Hoover and Vice President Curtis proceeded to the White House, accompanied by the committee on arrangements and escorted by the military escort. The committee on arrangements, in addition to its chairman, Senator Moses, was composed of Senators Hale of Maine and Overman of North Carolina and Representatives Snell of New York, Dyer of Missouri and Pou of North Carolina. Former President and Mrs. Coolidge were escorted to the Union ! Station, where they boarded a special car on the Montreal Flyer, ' * which is to take them back to Northampton, Mgs&., the ir)mer Presi- (Continued on Page 3, Column 2.) , Speech. Pledging his best efforts to expedite the business of the Senate and appeal- ing for the co-operation of his former colleagues, Charles Curtis of Kansas | stood today in the same forum in which he has given so many years to the public service and received the second highest office within the gift of his countrymen, the vice presidency. The diplomatic_corps, the judiciary, the military, the highest executive offi- cers of the Nation and both branches of Congress made up the distinguished i audience assembled on the Senate floor |as the veteran Kansas legislator was | | given the oath of office by his prede- | cessor, Charles G. Dawes. Galleries Are Packed. From the galleries hundreds of men | and women prominent throughout the | Nation and in Washington looked down upon the Vice Presidential ceremonies, heard the farewell words of Mr. Dawes and the new Vice President’s hopes for the future. ; In his speech, Vice President Dawes took a parting shot at the Senate rules, the revision of which he has advocated | from time to time. In characteristic | manner Mr. Dawes concluded his final reference to the rules with the eriptic phrase, “I take back nothing.” A few moments later Vice President Curtis in his previously prepared ad- | dress, declared that the Vice President ( o4 of the United States is not one of makers of the law “nor is he consulted'| about_the rules adopted to govern your actions.” The words fitted in so strikingly | as a rejoinder to the retiring Vice Presi- | dent that the assemblage, particularly | the Senators, smiled broadly. Thanks Senate for Courtesies. Gen. Dawes thanked the Senate for| its_courtesies to him in his last speech. “I have tried to be worthy as best 1 could” he said. Then, prefacing his closing with the | “"(Continued on Page 4, Column 6 | Bank Statements New York clearin, | 56?000'%00_}( : g I'muse exchange, ew orl clea $142.000,000. O ring house balance, | neered by a dissatisfied military-politi- ‘wldeapread and serious revolution, TROOPS ARE MOBILIZED AS REVOLT GRIPS MEXICO Portes Gil, Confident of Surviving Foes’ Attack, Drafts Calles After Vera Cruz and Sonora Fall. By the Associated Press. Former President Calles today took over the duties of quelling a serious revolt in Mexico, being called out of retirement to the office | of secretary of war. Thus far all indications have been that the .evolt is entirely of | a military nature, no mention being made in dispatches of any con- nection with the so-called Catholic uprisings reported at various times. Two states—Senora and Vera Cruz—are in control of the rebels, who also claim that six other states have joined the movement. Morrow Cuts Holiday Short. While loyal troops were being dispatched to the affected regions, there had been no bloodshed thas far, the revolting military com- manders simply taking over the states under their control without fighting. Ambassador Dwight W. Morrow, who spent the week end at his Cuernavaca residence with his family and his prospective son-in- law, Col. Charles A. Lindbergh, decided to cut his holiday short and return to the capital today. President Portes-Gil issued a lengthy statement, in which he asserted that the authorities had the situation in hand and that the revolt was engi- cal group. CALLES HEADS LOYAL FORCES. President Cortes Gil Acts to Quell Revolt. MEXICO CITY, March 4 (#).—The Mexican government mobilized loyal forces today to meet the attacks of _Gen Plutarco Elias Calles, former president, was drafted from his retire- ment and made secretary of war in charge of all military operations, As troops were brought here from loyal states to reinforce the Mexico City gar- rison other combat contingents were prepared for departure to the states of Vera Cruz and Sonora, where the re- volt appeared to center. A strict cen- sorship was established. Vera Cruz and Sonora have been taken over—apparently without blood- shed—by " the rebel forces; in Vera Cruz under the command of Gen Jesus Maria Aguirre, until yesterday chief of military operations there, and in Sonora iy Gen Prancisco Manzo, military chief. ‘Gov. Fausto Topete and Gen Manuel Aquirre, brother of Jesus Aguirre, joined with Manzo. Ambassador Morrow cut short his week end at Cuernavaca, and decided to hasten back to the capital with his family and pros| e son-in-law, Col. arjes A. Lind| chml a statemen! Mexico City news- papers, President Portes Gil expressed confidence his government would sur- vive the revolt. “The government is sure it possesses strength sufficient to dominate the revolution in a short time,” he said, “not only because the greater part of the army has remained loyal, but be- cause in districts where the revolt has broken out there are parts of the army which have not joined the rebels. Moreover the government is confident it has the force of public opinion with it.” There is disagreement as to the cause of the outbreak. . President Portes Gil's statement says it is the movement of disgruntled military leaders who wished to impose their choice for the presi- dency upon the country at the elections next November. While there has been no pronounce- ment to that effect, it is understood the movement favors the candidacy of Gil- berto Valenzuela, former Mexican min- ister to Great Britain, who has been out- spoken in his denunciation of President Portes Gil and Gen. Calles. Gen. Aguirre, former close personal friend of Gen. Obregon, and a native of Sonora, appeared to be leader of the rebellion, Dispatches from Sonara in- dicated that Gov. Fausto Topete acknowledged his command. The scope of the movement was in some doubt. Rebels claimed collusion of eight states, Vera Cruz, Sonora, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, Nayarit, Coahuila, Chihuahua and Durango. Outside of the victories of Vera Cruz and Sonora (Continued on Page 3, Column 4.) Radio ProgramsPage 32 —Star Staff Photo. 1S SYMBOLICAL OF ! senting All Sections of U. S., Pays Tribute to Hoover. One of the outstanding parades in Washington’s history is moving down historic Pennsylvania avenue early this afternoon. Symbolic of the majesty, dignity and vastness of the great republic over which the newly inaugurated President has been called fo govern, the pass- ing platoons of marchers in seeming- ly endless array are filing past the | reviewing stand in front of the White House. Soldiers, sailors, horsemen and in- fantrymen, caissons, bands, flags, vet- erans of a half dozen wars, drum corps, Governors of States and their | official staffs—all are adding to this colorful pageant of the United States of America in this fime of peace and plenty. It is a moving symphony of | bands, one following the other at brief tintervals. It is a gorgeous, kaleido- scopic succession of di From the first, moved with perfect symmetry, the 96 organizations in line moving in platoon columns, 12 abreast, and fitting into their places like clockwork. All sec- tions of the country are represented. as well as all branches of the National services. The Governors of 30 States ave passed under the picturesque standards of their commonwealths, at- tended by their official families. Crack Army and Marine battalions have swung along the Avenue with impressive dig- nity. Behind them come the men who have fought the Nation's wars and the women who waited for them, the childhood associates of President | Hoover and the home town folks of Vice President Curtis. | ity and color. LEAGUE COUNCIL OPENS FIFTY-FOURTH SESSION By the ‘Associated Press. GENEVA, March 4.—The fifty-fourth M. Ccialoja, h sat as president. g T session of the Council of the of iNafi&m 0] nfnd ::eu m;:yd with the question of minority peoj lominaf topic on the agenda. 3 e The Council members met first at a Ipnv-u ‘meeting. followed shortly after- ward by & public conclave. Valdis Mendeville, Chilean Minister at Bemn ted Chile -meeting of M. Villegas. INAUGURAL PARADE NATION'S DIGNITY ;-'Colorful Procession, Repre-! the parade has! le at the Council | way to “From Press to Home The Star’s carrier system every city block and tr tion is delivered to Washingtop as fast as the papers areé printed. ROGRAI DISREGARD OF LAW | IS CALLED GREATEST PROBLEM OF REGIME Searchint; Inquiry Into Whole Federal System of Juris- prudence Pledged. ADMINISTRATION COMMITTED . TO WORLD PEACE PROMOTION Dry Violations Are Blamed Largely on — €ifizens—Views Reflect Hope— ‘Mandates’ Listed. BY G. GOULD L¥NCOLN. President Herbert Hoever pledged himself and his adminis- tration te law enforcement in the United States and to the rometion of peace throughout she world in his inaugural address, delivered today on the east front of the Capitol, It was his first message, 2s Chief Executive, to the American people. Thousands ef citizens saw and heard him. But the address was earried to millions of persons by the radio. The President’s address is a state paper of major importance bat 2 time when the country is at peaes. In trenchant language he eut to the bone of the problems which confront the Nation. And without hesitation at the outset of bis address he placed his fmger on the sorest spot of all—disregard and disobedience tire Taw. As 4 companion and eentributory faetor to this disregard of the law he dealt with the failure of #he American system of criminal justice and peinted the way to needed reforms. Recognize Lawlessness Ia Growing. . It was a frank gecognition that fawlessness is growing and -2 warn- ing that it must be curtailed, Tt Was § pecognition $hat gf gl the prob- lems which confront his administration of the Government, this a major problem which cannot be disregarded. . Despite this warning, President Hoover's message o in which he outlined his views of public question$ s not ene of gloom but rather of hope. . “If we survey the situation of our Nation both at home gbroad, we find many satisfactions; we find some causes for eoncern,” he g He pictured America emerged from the lossés of the World Wi . reconstruction days which follewed it, “steadily building s séw new civilization great in its own &ttainments.” To Calvin Coolidge, his former ghief, the sediring President, Mr. Hoo\‘e!; paid this ;ribute: A : i “For wise guidance in this great period of seeovery fation is deeply indebted to Calvin Coolidg:" 5 ) fl ¥ “But all this majestic advance,” continued President Hoaver, “should not obscure the constant dangers from which thé geli-government must be safeguarded. The strong man must at all times be :’gort 10 the attack of insidious disease. The most malign of all these dangers today is dis- respect and disobedience to the law, ~Crime is increasing. Confidence in rigid and speedy justice is decreasing. I am not prepared 14 believe that this indicates any decay in the moral fiber of the American le. 1 am not prepared to believe that it indicates an impotence of the Federal Government to enforce its laws.” v People Fail to Observe Prohibition Law. The President made specific reccommendations for meeting the con- ditions which he criticized, He admitted that the failure of the people in part to obey prohibition laws has increased lawlessness. He insisted | that a too great disregard of the laws of the land was growing in America hefored(he eighteenth amendment was adopted and the Volstead act enacted. He announced he would appoint a national commission for a ‘search- ing investigation of the whole structure of the Federal system of juris- prudence, including the method of enforcement of the eighteenth amend- ment and the causes of abuse under it. He announced, too, that, pending the repart of this commission, “it is essential that a large part of the enforcement activities be transierred irom the Treasury Department to the Department of Justice as a begin- ning of more effective organization.” He criticized the failure of certain States to provide for the concurrent enforcement of the prohibition laws and recommended that this eondition | be remedied. He charged many State and local officials with failure to accept the obligation of their oath of office zealously to enforce the laws. But he placed a large share of the responsibility for the violations of the prohibition laws directly upon the shoulders of the citizens themselves. Criminal Patrons Not Alone to Blame. “There would be little traffic in illegal liquor if only criminals patron- ized it,” President Hoover said. “We must awake to the fact that this patronage from large numbers of law-abiding citizens is supplying the rewards and stimulating crime.” v The President pledged himself to the full emforcement of the laws and added: “But the measure of success that the Government shall atrain will depend upon the moral support which vou, as citizens, extend. The duty of citizens to support the laws of the land is coequal with the. duty of their Government to enforce the laws which. exist.” No greater national service, the President said, can be rendered by men and women than that by their example they shall assist in stamping out crime and outlawry by refusing to participate in or condone all trans- actions with illegal liquor. This will be regarded as particularly plain talk to many men and women who consider themselves respectable citi- zens of the countrv. But the President did not stop with the private citizens who have been winking at or participating in the violation of the prohibition laws. He referred to Government officials who have winked at such violations, saying: i “Our whole system of self-government will crumble either if officials elect what laws they will enforce or citizens elect what laws they will support. “If citizens do not like a law, their duty as honest men and women is to ourage its violation; their right is openly to work for its repeal “To those of criminal mind there can be no appeal but vi enforcement of the law. Fortunately they are but a small percentage of our people.” . 23 Rules of Procedure Refuge for Criminals. Declaring that the “intricate and involved rules of procedure, haye become the refuge of both big and little criminals,” President Hogver that it was necessary to consider critically the entire Fi machinery of justice. the redistribution of its functions, the simplificatiofn of its procedure, the provision of additional special tribunals, the bepts selection of juries and the more effective organization of agencies investigation and prosecution. - In his discussion of the foreign re-extend to the world” He urged the lations of the United States President | anal admission of the United States. &8 'Hoover stressed world peace. Thel ', .. 0f the P t of United States, he said, “fully accepts 2 | the profound truth that our own prog- International Justice—the World Court ress, prosperity and peace are inter- | —which he characterized as a potent locked '{'\tl’ll] t:e vrogeu, grrhosple’l;lg ;m: instrumentality for the settiement of ce of all humanity.” e n fosisted that no nation could look |internationsl questions. Mo expiessed justly with suspicion or fear toward the hope that the reservations attached the United States. by the Senate to our adherence to the ‘World Court would no longer be mis- “Those who have a true understand- ing of America know that we have no | interpreted by forelgn nations. desire for territorial expansion, for economic or other domination of other peoples,” he said. President Hoover praised Kellogg multilateral treaty 7 war as an instrument of national policy | “Our setting an advanced standard for the |said, relations of ane nation to another. acceptance, he said, should on‘ln the greater ments, “the offer of et