Evening Star Newspaper, October 14, 1928, Page 47

L] THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON. D. U. OCTOBER 14, 1928=PART e oye— - S8EES EUROPEAN PEACE | HINGING ON PARIS PACTS Adequate Highways for D. C. Dr. Otto Hocizsch Says Disarmament, Security and Arbitration Must ' Be 'PROBLEM OF RACES KEEP JUGOSLAVIA IN TROUBLE After-War ' Absorntion of Pcople” Bobs, ites With Old Serbiar Applied by League of Nations. %Y DR. OTTO HOETZSCH, mber of German Relenstag Nete—Dr. Hoeizsch. ome of the Trad no nternn’ ona’sls of Europe.is mher of 1ir ey story t the University of 5 @ visitor in this country wac invited to o've the follawng heiore the faenlty ond stu- and it | wewnpoint an contentior Y R it the state of thines b force and a new war. Rut the wo'k of crganizing prace can- not come to su~racs {f Euron: @ess noi roach a pracefnl revision of tre Faris treatic: th> trinity of srmam-nt. s tr=cion, mut IX to apnlication Article X ef the covenant, Disarmamqnt o is comnleted, but the Geneva 4 ut the disormament went fajlure. Thers lics per- erisis for the Leagos of In rapard to renara‘ion Cer- many has fulllled till now h-r obliza- tiens. But Germanv canno’ the financial consequences of ~ war_sdopted to the real economical for-cs of Germany. In the Tocarno treaties Germanv has recoanized voluntarily the state of things n the west Germany., France and Bel- 'many Po'and and Czecho- e rennun-ed war and hound ttle all disputes by ar- quite the same in idea i ramienally, yhat the nronnsal said in general. The =0 hors that formulas and pro- ara vet wanting for a prace- A n of th> bas> of arbitration— the perce trea‘ies. Conseanences of Toacamn in the mat- ar of the nccumation of ths Rhineland ware promised but nnot fulfilled. Ger- mefy 5 till now not on equal share, althruzh thers i since disarmament. Dawes nian and Locarno, no right at #'1 for furth=r-occupation of the Rhine- land Cowreny iz todav a great power and 18 todav not a great power. The qu t'on. Ruhr ov Locarno? must be ensrad and answered in Geneva, necessars for the sake of European peacs to treat Germany on equal terms, | en equal shere and to revise in & poace ful wav the uncqual treaties of Paris Unequal treaties are likewiss in China. a3 in Eurepe, a serious danger for the rofare the opesal and Kellogg paci important ment procseding from North America Of th® Potomac Ri\":r at Great Falls #aps for a roal con peace pol- 2nd dsstined o initinte lasting. peace | TH® FiSht arm follows Indian Creek ana and were srecied by oll political | (hroughant (he wenn Bimc, Pt the route fo Camp Meade and Balti- rmany. CGarmany signed Fact without sny resorvation. Her 13 was absoluielv in the affirmative. As the ideas put forwsrd by America ers in full concurrence with the inter- o of German policy. Germany de- oniy to0 well Russian Communism itself. ania should become involved in hostili- | peace, the rest of Furope would not quietly look on as at a prizs fight. the other powsrs would either simul- 1 tan~ously or one zfter the cther join |and Planning Commission. which had intimately linked together. | complications would pave the way for | by these racent acts are the most active tha trie; land but 5 the west of Europe and |Planninz work of the Federal commis~ even to Great | the doep h events of the past decads | appreciate to the full ths that beautiful Russian Revolution, Trembia."” | United States is therefore clear as ths fhis Y lies the old city designed in 1751 day. in her hands, vou the home and foreign policies of dent Washington and Secretary of State my country, I feel ths g‘;“s‘;:m:; g,-.len‘ersnm covering 9.6 square miles happiness, it is. above all, bacause it has afforded me an opportunity of sharing. so to speak, in the great mova- | practice in this way will ereate. we all carnestly hope. the fruitful soil for th~ constructive ideas of peace ind wel- and every the world, BY WILL P. KENNEDY. “IERE Is now being developed for | the National Capital and its en- virons to a radius of at lesst 20| miles from the White House. in- | cluding an area of upward of | 500 square miles, a great highway sys- em designed to best build up the entire area and serve its traffic needs for the ext 75 years. and linking in with the eat ‘arterial highways of the rountry I bringing countless tourists to Washing- ton. This is being done through en-oper- ative cndeavors of th> National Capital |Park and Planning Commission and | |official commissions representing the | Statzs of Maryland and Virginia. The Washington reglon, as explained by | Charles W. Zliot, 2d. city planner of {the national commission "is one of a | series of great metropolitan areas scat- itered along the Atlantic seaboard and must be planned in relation to the prob- | clared her readiness to conclude the naet proposed. but added that such a pact would lead to practical results only if universal disarmament wer> carried out and the nossibilities of settling in- tarnational differences were carefully | f loped. The same view was stressed ~n~> mars by Dr. Stresemann at Hei. A~b~rg. and in doing 50 _he establishes what we belisve to b» Germany's rea >nd prastically undivided eonviction ~ancerning the great project emanating from North America. Germany on May 5 concluded with North America a treatv of arbitration whish hes baen ratified by th» Senate ¥ nct vet hy the Reichstaz. It is ~de’»d umon the kindred Franco- an 2rrang ment and contains all of tha well known Bryan . Hars cnce_more the difficult position of Creat Britain is revealed. ra In May. whon America offered her alaple development of Baltimore and other new treaiv 10 renlace the old onc expir- Ao ier. of ottnotion - Ae the. National ing at tha cnd of July, Sir Austen Capital is becoming more and more a | Charaborlain siated that the matter |conyention city and meéca for tourists. | vould necessi‘ate protracted negotia- | the Jocation of historic or szenic aress, | tio Germany's nesition, cn the other | 5 such as Gettysburg and th> Shenandoah Valley. have a definite bearing on this hand, is simple 2nd ctrong. though any- ! |plan for adequate highway service. thing but easy. Germany's intorests run parallel with those of America. i Summerizing. if I mav. in a few short sentonces: Bolshevism can -enly | b2 fottered by fotisring war. 1 vism, with i*s' dangsrs for -civiiizal for Co-operative Action Necessary. As this region is divided in jurisdic- | she~ tions hetween Maryland. Virginia, th | tion, | District of Columbia and the Federa}| Enrone and for the world, cannot be Government, it has been found neces- | itled by ecitation or by A policy fsary to develop co-operative action h to cet up by foree a |through official commissions. In Mary- | land A new planning district and com- o S, in Ruzsia. Such egim 1izab an idea Iz urres I tell vcu 0 S mission, with Irving C. Root as chief 2 German tho has 1 through that | angineer. have been set up by act of the evolution and who personally knows | last Legislature to supplement the work of the Washington Suburban Sanitary | Cemmission. The Maryland-Nationa) Capital Park and Planning Commission has power ties and the Leaga> of Nations had |fo plan. zone and purchase parks. In exhausted all its means of preserving | Arlington Countyv, across the river, the Virginia Legislature has just set up a All | new 7oning_commission {o_supplement the work of the Virginia Capital Park If. for th> mere sake of example, Ttaly end France or Poland and Lithu- in th> fray, simply becauss th» rela- | bcen co-operating with the Federal com- i are now so | mission for the preceding year. The Such war | parts of Maryland and Virginia covered | spread of Communism to all conn- Suburban areas around Washington and "ot meroly to Germany and Po- | aTe therefore the scene of ‘the regional n. With the -District of Columbia v comprise a total of 246 square and A dialt | Physical Features Studied. meaning of | The physical features of this region French novel on the |bave been given the closast engineering “Quznd la Tarrs study. The chiel physical feature is & igreat Y. formed by the Potomac and The great cestiny ressrved for th~ | Anacostia Rivers. Between the arms of itain. The spirits of | % {o) coniured up, and | M b | those of us who have exporienced the | Miles. I sce i g by Mai. Charles L'Enfant, working A Y aeeatinY | uhder the personal direction of Presi Here the “President's Palace,” or White | House, looks straight down the river. | The end of the left arm marks the turn I'more. Mount Vernon and Fort Wash- ington form the base of the Y where {the river broadens to receive Little | Hunting Creek and the Piscataway. Branching from the stem of the ¥ ‘e numerous streams which cut deeply fare 5o necessary for every statesman ! politician in every country of ' o, Trade Figu i Before Diplomats Wiar clouds sometim=s ars seen soon- er in trade statistics than in diplomatic or military cirels rising price of hi fdes and skins is 2t~ tributed in part by some experts to a dden larg> purchase of those com- | odities by Soviet Russia last year #dsut the time the British government | was raiding a commercial center of Russia in London—and thereby hangs ® tals. @lancing down a column of import figures of the United States for the last cal ‘year, one's eye is arrested by the 54 per cent incrsase in the value of hides and skinz imported. We hought abrégd in that period $146.000,000 worth of hides and skins. as compared with 998,100,000 worth in the preceding fis- yoar. It wes the greatest percentage crease in value in the entire list principal imported merchandise. Why did the United States spend $51,300,000 more for hides and skins in the fiscal year 1928 than in the fiscal | year 19272 Tho stetistics also show that the quantity imperied increased by 2 much more than in the preceding year. "The causes back of th> booming world ' 4; market in hides 2nd =kins are numerous, #nd the Russian influence will be cog- sldered first, Reviving Tanning. 1 circles thet Russia bought heavily of hides and sxins on th> assumption that the break in relations with Great Brit- ain in the Spring of 1927 might be fol- | Iowed by hostilities—and in that event boots for soldicrs would b= 2 prime war res May Give Hint of Wa For instance, the | porte arz2 increasing. in selling shoes to the United States. | Switzerland is well to the front and France sells us some of the finer wom- en’s footwear. enterprise rivels in some degree the romantic carcer of Henry Ford in the | automobile of Czechoslovakia is the Henry Ford of that comparativel; created as a result of the World War, dozen years ago and learned the shoe- manufacturin; bottom. He and idly. methods. found a sale for his shoes all over t | world. He per cent, 50 that we not only paid | 1o higher prices for the imports but used | oo |can be scen in the windows of mer. | chants in Hon, else, turer wi d in Jeather-proGueing | his sale; doing better made a trip out, there him- | self and scon saw Czech shoes were un- | derselling him. Bata has a system of penalizing the wages of his 12,000 work- r \ { Realize Possibility | | | 620.000 pairs of leather bo’\lf!, shoes slippars worth $7.693,000 was im- | d last vear, and th: lmponntlonsi { i ,"BY HENRY W. BUNN, } ‘The fellowing is a brief summary of | the most important news of the world | for the seven days ended Octobsr 13: | Great Britain.—The annual confer- | ence of the Libersl party took place at | [ Great Yarmouth in the course of the | past week. The first day's proceedings, ! Lioyd George heing absent. were suffi- | | ci*ntly dismal—lacked positive quality. As in the week previous the Labor g.‘!‘:tr conference hn':. with Ilrlgaronfmd | Bata came to the “al he “seorn: Tepudiated the idea of an ares theroe et | alliance.of Lakor with the Liberals, 1t | was up to the Liberal conference m‘ repudiate the idea of an alliance of the | Liberais with Labor! 'Twas done, but | lamely. Tt should have been brought off in the grand style or with wit, and neither ‘was forthcoming. hands secemed in the doleful dumps. The predictions of such success sounded perfunctory and hollow, the assaults on y the conscrvative record lacked pep, nndl American shoes are facing his compe- | th> paeans to free trade even were | tion in every foreign market. Bata |dirgeful and dolorous. Oh. shades of Is heavily in Britzin, while his shoes | Cobden and Gladsto ' Matters brisked up, of course, with Lloyd George's arrival. His main speech 1 consisted chiefly of a fierce attack on the new Franco-Britich understandings. a specchh which some will characterize as a noble, disinterested and wise ut- terance, others 25 vicious politics. * % % % The Kingdom of the Serbs, Creats and Slovenes.—The population of the Crechs Lead in Shoes. Czechoslovakia is the leading country | Th> story of the Czech industry. Thomas Bata v small country 2 industry from top to returned to Czechoslovakia started a factory. which grew rap- He introduced mass-production By cutting labor costs he keeps close tab upon style | 5 in the United States, and some of fanciest of women's shoes come his factory. gkong and most anywhere One New England shoe manufac- ho could not understand why smen ‘in the Far East were not men if the industry is lagging a sharing profits with R Ffi them if it x. Henee the sudden inerease | hooming. Kingdom of the Serbs. Croats and P’;:fi‘un deniand for hides and skins. . 1., Slovenes is in the neighborhood of The Pussian ing. at anv rate U. S. Sales Stump. 14,000,000, made up of Jugoslavs. brought a ner customer into the world market and stimulated prices Alonz with vhatrver weight mav be pttached to the military theory stated. 22 are all Eurovsan nations. it | T 1z her tanning industry, disrunted hv the World War. Tt was noted that Japan bought hides and skin rather more freely than usnal about the same time that P a was invadinz fthke market, and it is presumed that military sspeetz of the situation then had s~m~ bearing wnon Janan's purchases. since Japan and Rucsia are face to face m Manchiria. The war elouds. however. did not ma- terialize into A, clash. The view stated mav not have az much foundation as geme competent Jeather men attached tn it last year. Fut the fact remains that keen-eyed abservers of interna- tional events constantly serutinize trade | mavements to see if anv nation is buy- | ing more heavily than usual of war | material. An exceptional purchase of | eotton. for instance. also might have that implication. because cotton s highly essential in making munitions. No War Seen Here. Tt might accur tn some an» to wonder §f the United States. bv purchasing so murh raw product for the manufacture of leather. was not governed by mili- tary econsiderations in the last fiscal vear. The snswer is emphatically. no. Foreign nations will agree with that statement. for they know where all the hides and skins imported by American mapufacturers went Jast vear. They were turned largely into leather for our huge thoe industry and for export tor nther nations We sold $59.200.000 warth of leather to ofher natiens last vear. an increase of 189 per cent over tha 1927 fiseal year. In addition to th~ Jeather itself we alsn =old 217.700.000 worth of leather manufactures, such as shpes. belting, ete. The expectation among those shor manufacturers in recent month: wa= that the increzsed cost of 1-ather would necessitate higher prices for shoes, but gn far no material advance has been made. If ieather goes much higher the effect will be to bring out substi- t~tes and the tanning industry as well A#s shoe manufacturers have bren slow '\ yncrapss thair prices for that reazon Ton s an no & e k! rantag> of this | Srveet in the United States, for- e manufactursrs are “,”“". and more of. their produets hore. wlarly women's sh A total of | we import s146.4 The United, States Croats, Slovenes. Rumanians, Albanians. ast year in the s Magyars and Germans, with a few Italians. Thz mineral resources of ths kingdom are deemed very considerable, but save for copper mines worked by French ecapital they are little developd. There js great forest wealth The Serbs are of the Orthodox per- suasion, magnificent soldlers and =up- | porfers of th> existing “unitary” system of organization of the country. They uze tha Cyrillic 2lphabat, their ianguage is pre-Russ. Slavonic. i The Croats inhabit Crostia-Slavonia, Dalmztia, Hoerzegovina and Bosnia. | They are ebout one-fourth Orthodox and three-fourths Roman Catholie. They use th: Latin alphabet: their language is a more recent Slavonic than that of the Srbi. Under Austrian rule they developed a much higher cuiture fhan that of Serbia. They furnished the est troops in the armies of the Habs- burg Empire, . They are fanatically for | a fecerative sysiem. with almost com. pleie autonomy to ths component state: The habitat of the Slovenes is som whet indeterminate. In a general way we may sav that thev inhabit Carniola and spread over indefinitely into Austria and Istria. Their languags is closely allied tn the Croatian. but has bssn much more modified by Girman influ- ences: their alphabot is ths Latin, their religion for the most part Roman Cath- olic. Their chief city iz Lath2ch (Ljubl- Jjana). Az between the unitary and fed. erative principles opinion. onee strongly | for federation. seems now tn be ahout | squally divided am~ng th» Slovencs. The present premier of the kingdom is th- | showed a slump | ales of shoas abroad. The figures were 4,965,000 pairs (hoots, | shoes, slippers), worth 311,603,000, while | in the fiscal year 1927 we sold 6,313,000 peirs, worth $13,397.000. It may surprise some Americans that | 00,000 worth of hides | year when they think of | is country and especially its great Western. ranch and cattle country. The fact is, however, that th> United States produces only a litile more than half of the hides and skins nesded. We buy heavily in Argentina, but in every other country. Hardly a cargo ship arrives here that does not include som> skins, China and India furnish the major number of goatskins, Americen farmers have profited only ghtly by the higher prices paid for s because usuaily the farmer sel s | ir cattle “on the hoof” at so much ' per pound for meat, to that the butcher | or slaughter-house gets the hide. If the farmer slaughters nis own cattle h- often does not zet the maximum retu because of the method. or rather la of method, he uses in handling- th~ | hides. Both the Department of Agriculture | and Department of Commerce now are | helping farmers by giving them expart | advice on the preparation and care of hides so as to get the most return for them. .If a farmer throws a skin | into a corner of th® barn and lets it remain there witheut salting or othar | effort to prescrve It and then sells it | to a hid> buver goinz through th-~| country. or takes it to 1 tannery, he ! iz penalized bv the damage his n-glsct did to the skin. Or if the steer cuts its hide against a harb~d wire fence. | and it is healed but left » bed place 2nd skins in a the size of th: other materials hought abread for Ier-l in the skin. that reduces the value of | tilizers on American farms. Numerous the hide when the tanner sees jt. [other imported commodities are sue- | Education will correct some of these | ceptible of price-manipulation eor. | £-impes=d of farmers. trary tn American interest, but it is ! hoped they will taks a hint. from the | fate of quinine and rubbsr and be ' centent with reasonable profits. As in all other lines of foreign trade. | the leath>r industry of the Unitxd ' States mow Is facing.the keensst r--- petition. European tanning induies are nearly back to normal, and so are | | tanners in cth-r confin-nts, What ths ' market for th> row material. hices and skins. or for th~ finish=d proauct, lea er and its manufactures, will show the next few vears iv awaited with kaen intorest in directly conesrned quarters, but confidence is felt in the hility of American traders and manu- ! facturess 1o hold their own. “Forcign Control.” Incidentally the Ameriean tanning in- dustry is at the mercy of forcign con- trols of essontia® meterfals used in tan- ning leather. 'Th2 output of quebracho in South America is largely dominated by British firms: cirome ore, alsn a necessity in tanning, likewise is British- controllcd in South Africa: and Italy has a strong control of sumac, a third = 1 in te 3. Sucress of the United States against such foreign conrols »s those of ruh- ber 2nd oninine 2ives preemise af chack- ing fxorhitant prises for terialy, and fer ni th- n | "ol' the ‘District of Columbla, wharice it AlaVista ouT oF 'W;\FHI PROPOSED RADICAL HIGHWAYS LEADIN TON into the land, leaving a_series of ridges | 2nd adequately sarve the traffie needs is running parallel with the arms of the | now to be discus Y he more important of these There are three phases of the high- wiy problem. One is of regional im- portance, comprizing a scheme of radial fraffic lines to bring the traffic into-the | congested area of the city at different points and which will serve all parts of the region—like the spokes of a wheel. | Some of the main lines of this scheme are easily recognized as Sixteenth street, Massachusétts avenue extended to River | road, Connecticut avenue, Baltimore | Boulevard, etc. New lines also :ng{;dr the use of New York avenue, Michigan from the arms of the Y. such as the |avenue, Nichols averue, ste The oo Northeast, Sligo and Paint Branches, |ond is cross connections between these northwest from the castern arm.and |main highways. which must be provid- Little PFalls Branch. Minnehaha Creek | e, ns well as by-passes around existing and Cabin John Creek branching |igcal centers. - For example, two major northeast from the western arm. In y-pass -routes avolding the center of similar manner. Cabin Branch, Beaver | the. city are: The route to the east Al A haar Ditch cut into | connecting the county seats of Mont- east & , e mery Pring s, mit, Turkey. Dead,” Scott and DIficult | Smen wil ororicts Georees Counties, | which will provide a new route to and Runs cut the Virginia Palisades of the | from P‘redar‘:c‘lr ldr:d the P::l‘:a;\ll: and streams ‘are Hunting Creek and Four- Mile Run, on the west or Virginia shore, and Broad Creek- or Henson Crc % and Oxon Run, on the Maryland side. The city of Alexandria lies just north of Hunting Creek. Almost, directly on a line with the stem of the Y Rock Creek extends northward six miles to the north roer turns generally northwest. - Other streams branch more perpendicularly Potomac. the Toute to the wesi, bearing the name “Mar-Va ghway as suggested - by Diukay Pevsw | Maj. Carey Brown, engincer of the The plans for making the hest use of National Commission, which would pro- these physical features for regional | vide A direet route from Baltimore and parkway development through Federal the North to points south of the Poto- and State co-operation were diseussed |mac without entering the District of in an article in last Sunday’s Star. The Columbia. This latter highway has plans for developing a highway system been suggested as part of a great intra- that will aid in b®lding up this region 'coastal route from Mains to the Valley The Story the Week Has Told Slovene Roman Catholic priest Korosec, | Chihli head of the Slovene popular party. The chief dissidents in the presen domestic strife are members of th Croatian peasant party and the allied | Croatian Federalist party and Inde- pendent Democratic party. the lls" named headed by Pribitchevitch. one- time premier, a rather cynical personal- ity, one hears. * ok ok ok China.—On October 10 Gen. Chiang Kai-Shek was inaugurated President of the Nationalist government of China. That date was selected as being the | seventeenth anniversary of the affair | at Wuchang whcih started the open revolution. For China the 10th of October corresponds - to. our 4th of July. When it comes to popular cele- brations. the Chinese, whose zest of enjo¥ment ln( sl'l:-npleh mlm‘;s Is ‘fl“q'fii are in a class hy themselves. w be remembered_inoidentally that hina | ¢flect that the most powerful man at is the home of the firecracker. With | Nanking and in Kuomintang councils s the new President a new machinery |the minister of reconstruction. Chang of central government was established. | Ching-Klang. Hopelessly crippled, but A dispatch states that Marshal Chang |0f Intense mental energy. great will Hsueh-Liang, supertuchun of Man- |Power and magnetism and super-Ce- churia, has been appointed to the state | lestial talent for intrigue: that Chiang council and has accepted. This might | Kal-Shek is a mere puppet in his be of great importance, but probably |hands. T cannot say how much truth isn't. | there is in this statement. There is much miserv aii over China, | Chang Ching-Kiang is a man of gen- but perhaps the most hapless of the ' ecrous hospitality to ideas. Though he 21 provinces, more hapless even than 'has repudiated the Russian connection. or Shantung, is far Kansu, | west of Shensi, marching with Tibet nd Inner Mongolia. Last year Kansu was visited by one of the greatest earth- quakes of record. This year's crops ‘hnve failed through drought. And now. to crown all, the Mohammedans of the province are repeating history and are on a wild rampage. They con- stitute about a third of the popula- | tion, which approximates 10.000.000. In fanaticism they are not outmatched by the dourest of the Wahhabis, and | the impulse of hunger meshes with the religious impul: Rumor h: that already they h: massacred 200.- Confucianists. Rumor probably exaggerates, but there could be no more hideous phenomenon in the world thi bitten by hun | for Allah. I note in passing a statement to ths ger and aflame with zeal BY BRUCE BARTON. us de not have | incames large enough Cut Down Your Necessities te provide hath the M things we need and the thirgs we want. We are forced to choose he- tween our necestities and our luxuries. And, very foolishly, we choose to offer up the luxuries. Thus our existence becomes dull and monetonous. Wa ean hardly be said really to live; our lives are lived for us—cut out and sewed together by the habits and custems of the clase to which we belono. | have sstablished a very good rule, which | pags on to you: Never do anything just bscause other peaple do it. : Most of your friends live in ity apartments. Thev pay so much for the use of their resm and twice as mueh for the loca. tion and the fine marble hall- ways. To live in an apartment like theirs is ons of your ‘neces- sities.” & 3 ¥ yau eut sut that nacessity and’ lived in ths country or in an asartment where you had to stretch your legs up three OST of A modest old white Colonial house, with a braok running be- hind - it and fruit trees all around—-a place | -had wanted for years, but could not have— because it was two miles from the railroad. But tws miles is nothing, sven te an automobile like mine. It has done sema other good things for me. It has improved country roads betwsen my little white house and town. Before the automebiles began to 40 by, the roads were very rough. But now all across the country-side mud puddles and deep ruts have vanished as if. by magic. The automobile has made tha town “dress up.” And it hay made me “dress up” my place. also. It used to make me mad be- cause paeple who whirled by my place in limousines never stopped to look arsund. “I'll make them turn their proud heads,” | said. So | planted flowers and painted my heuse. Now, on Sunday afternoons, | lie in the hammock on my porch and listen ta people in the cars saying to each other: “What a pretty little place this is! | wonder whe lives thers?" With a tin pail full of coffee and a basket of sandwiches, | have had more fun exploring the woed roads around my place than Columbus ever had in di covering America My autemebile has brought my offica and my little white houss fliahts of stairs. you wouid have .. zame monay to spend on luxur: 85 with many other things. Evary year, by cutting out a faw foolish nscessitiss, | buy myself one bia. wiss luxury. Several years ago | bought an automebile. Not mu-h »of an automobile. side by sids. It has given me a Many of my friands id they new pride in my place. It has "4 rather not have any auts- improved the roads around me. Ye: mobils than to have one like i But it was an automohile, done some weondsrful thinas for me. For one thing, It has givan me my little Summer place up in the country, and it has made me a hbor to people whom | have wanted to call on for ¥ and.never brought myself te hecause | hate long. hot ridss on th et e It has made me a bettar citizen all sround. Copyrisht, 1928 the Kansu Moslems on the rampage | Maryland and Virginia Co-operating in Plans for Radial Roads Leading Into National Capital |of Virginla. Third, the spider web. or imajor thoroughfare system. for the Dis- trict of Columbia. to take care of the | tourist and other traffic brought in by these radial highways. as well as to pro- vide for proper traffic circulation within the District. The accompanying map shows large areas which, for lack of highways, are undeveloped. The reason for such lack of adequate highways may be. for ex- ample, the large block in the vieinity of | Catholic Univer- | the Soldiers’ Homs, sity, ete. In other words. that large block has held up or prevented continu- ous growth out in that direction. It is | proposed to overcome that condition by vroviding for proper highwavs either through or around those hlocks. Radial Highways Located. | In developing a highway plan &> region ths first clement considered is the principal radial highways—tnat |is. the routes to the central portion of he District of Columbia from all sec- | tions of the region. The accompant |ing map shows where the best engi- neering skill and highway experience chows these main highways should be | located. They have been drawn in with | reference to existing highways and with reference to the possibilities of exten- sion and of new routes. Some are not. of adequate width and must be widened, ultimately, to provide acces¢ to the | District of a great number of people. {and now is the time to acquire right | ome, even though the roadway ma be developed only 25 or 30 feet wide. | These highways have “besn ronsiderea with a view 1o the ultimate number of | persons they must serve, Possible Future Population. ‘The National Capital Park and Plan- ning Commission has made populaiion studies and estimates which indicaie that _the ultimate population of the somewhere in the neighborhood of 4.000.000 persons. Certain sections of the great open spaces around Wash- ington. owing to their rough topog- | raphy, will provide for comparativels | few of that potential .and probahle | population So that the main radial highways are not zs close together in | those directions 25 in other parts of the region, The co-operation -set up with - the States of Maryland and ginia is working ont so that the States will pro- vide their main radial roads at points where they may properly enter the Dic triet of Columbia. B One feature of partienlar Interest | about the radial highway map is that no two of these main radial highwavs are brought together at a point out- side the main seetion of the District. These lines have been' distributed around the boundaries of the old cits | as they come in in order to avoid great congestion on any particular highway entering the city. such as Sixteenth street. Connecticut avenue. etc. To give examples of how the Statss are_co-operating: The State Highway Virginia recently adopted as a part of the Siate highway system approximate- Iy six miles of the so-called Lee Boule- ard. the radial hjghwav extending into (Continued on Fiffh P | he does not condemn all Communist doctrine. ~He thinks that for him who should reform old China a certain | eclecticism is the ticket. He is even | friendly with Li Hsih-Tsing. chief of the Chinese anarchists, and with that | distinguished philosophie anarchist, Wu Tze-Hui. He thinks that much of | Chinese history tends to induce re- ‘wecuul consideration of some Com- munist, some philosophic anarchistic | deas. He achieved a foothold in the counsels of the Kuomintang through his leadership of the Ningpo group. which dominates the political | scene in Fukien, Chekiang and Kiangs: Provinces. oo ‘AAhysll.nll.*On October 7, at Addis | Makonnen was r: of Ethiopia. | Kudah, and t] the conquering lion of he elect of God." The two latter designations appertain to the claim of direct descent of the Abyssinian_royal family from Solomon and the Queen of Sheba. For some | years past, Ras Tafari had been prince | regent, actual administrator of the em- pire, and only nominally subordinare to | the Empress Zauditu, daughter of the great Menelik, who, in 1896, at Adowa | Inflicted so terrible a defeat on the in- | vading Italians. Ras Tafari is a grand | nephew of Menelik. As T interpret the | dispatches, he continues nominally sub- | | ordinate to the Empress, is King, not | Emperor. his new fifle enhancing ‘his | authority and determining his right to |succession to the imperial title, | This would be a good time to re- | read that magnificent book entitled “Travels to Discover the Source ‘of the Nile." by the intrepid James Bruce, | which recounts with incomparable vividness the experiences of a two- vear residence in Abyssinia. (Bruce | reached. whether or no he was the first | European to see, the source of the Blue Nile, in 1770.) One might read ‘also an entertaining recent book entitled “Unconquered Abyssinia,” by Charles + F. Rey. ’ By the way, not the least of the | claims to fame of Bruce's book is that ‘tu pointed out by John L. Lowes, in his “The Road tn Xanadu") it m: | several contributions to that- dre | from which emerged “Kubla Kha most beautiful of -lyrics. 1 am re- | mined here that Pushkin, greatest of Russian poets, had | blood of an Abyssinian Ras; not incon- | ceivably ‘accountable for his poetic gift. | How fantastically things do link up to- "tzelher in this curious world! | Who but could ‘wish to visit uncon- | quered Abyssinia® Bruce, Kubla Khan (and Milton to hand, to gaze on the source of the Blue Nile: to see the great |downs ablaze with the kussa rose: to | acquaint one's self with many- strange | flora as the Kuranina. the Sanseveria {to visit the home of ths coffee plant !in the Kaffa Highlands: to hear and |see the Takasse (the “Terrible™ in | spite roaring through “deep romantic | chasms” on 1ts way to the Atbara, and. merged therewith, to the Sudan and the White Nile; to hunt (with the camera) the giraffe. the zebra. the kudu, the gerenuk and the little dik-dik | (daintiest of antelopes. whose favorite ;food is roses and carnations—"lilies | without. roses within™, also the birds, ncomparable for beauty and varfety: o join the Abyssinian nobles a-hunt- ing the llon with the spear and with irained leopards: to paddle down the { chain of marvelously beautiful upland | lakes from the Shoa Mountains to Samburu, and, like dour old James | Bruce, to solace the eye with the pretty | Galla girls (Caucasians, you know)! Nor shall we fail to visit the interest- ing ruins of the ancient Greek City of Auxume, the wonderful churches of Lalib\la, carved (with the aid of angel.) out.of solid rock. And the Fortress of Magdala, the capturs of which by Sir Robart Napier, in 1868, crowned a campaign which is a su- preme military classic. Finally, we shall hope to have audi- ence of Ras Tafari himself, a gentle- man of wide eulture, liberal views and exquisite courtesy. area Abyssinia fv 350,000 for | | of way, adequate for many years to ! | region tributary to Washington may be | % | Serbianski. ¢ Commission . of | Up in Dispu BY A. R. DECKER. AGREB.—The kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes known #s Jugoslavia to most people. This name it correct. for yugo is Slav for south. and via 15 the home of the southerr. That the name is aimost cor- But it is not a true and perfect Within its present frontiers non-Slavs, and outside of t . Z rect. Jugoslavia. are many Yugoslavia are still several millions uf Jugoslavs. Over 5.000.000 Bulgars aic | Stavs. and in Italy there are about 1800000 Slovencs and Croats. Then, within the frontiers of Jugosiavia_are about 1.000,000 Hungarians and Ger- mans. In round numbers the 12.000.000 | population of Yugoslavia is divided as | follows: Serbs, 5,000,000; Croats. 3,000.- | 000: Slovenes. 1.000.000: Montenegrin: { 500,000; Macedonians, 1.000,000: Mos- il'.ms. 500,000; Hungarians. 700.000: | Germans, 250,000, and Rumanians, 50,000. The Montenegrins and Mos- lems are nearly pure Serbs, a nharay | mountain race of fighters. The Ger ! mans_are entirely isolated from any | other German population and are obliged ‘to cast their lot in with the Slavs. A real cthnographic weaknsss comes from the Hungarians, for this mincr- ity lves adjacent to Hungary. and some day the question of thé return of the | Hungarian element to Hungary wll have to be considered. But in gen-ral Jugoslavia is the strongest of those States which came into being because of the war, Traces of Turkish Rule. The Slavs of the south differ from those of the north. Mixture of races has brought new characteristies. ~Ger- mans and Hungarians have mixed with the Slovenes and Croats of the north. Italians have mixed with the popula- tion along the coast. The Serbs have | mixed with Greeks and Turks. And | there are still traces of Turkish occu- pation in Serbia and German possession of Slovenia. The Croats and the Slo- venes are blonder than the Serbs or Montenegrins or- the people from the coast. Indeed. in the hundreds of dark years in the history of the Balkans, who can fell what racial changes oc- surred? Anyway, today the races scem to be very similar ‘and many of ‘the Balkan states could be united to the advantage of the peace of the world. Many of the names have bzen given by ates interested in keeping the peoples part, and differénces in religions have heen an important means of separation. The Jugoslavs do mot divide them- selves into Serhs. Slovenes ind Croats. | although they know each other under these names. ‘The veal division now {is ‘that of the “Pretchani” and the The Serbs are those from Serbfa, and the ~Pretchani are those whe live on the other side of the Sava and Drina Rivers. The Pret- chani are those from ‘‘over there, | across on the other side. You will find Serbianski who eall ak | 'on-Serbianski “Sehwabon.” nr Schiwabs, ! the name given to the Germans who sattled here long ago, To these 3chwabs arz still the ~nemz of s0 man; bitter wars Whr chould they now be eived with open arms? Why shouid hey be lot into the councils and the | sovernmen Racial Antagonisme, e Pretchani are no more pleased h the Serbianski; they hold thes & | tivated, less eclvilized, bandits, Turks, barbarians. It is all a product of tradition. Dur- . ing many centuries the Siovenes and under the civilizing i the Croats lived and softening influence of Vienna 'and Budapest. They became Catho- i lics. They and science: Serbs, during al- most as many centuries, were edu- !cated by the Turks. They learned bad government and stubborn, pas- | sive resistance. Finally they became | free, and during 12 years fought al- | most_constantly trying to defend their i country. Theirs was a hard school. ‘Thay had ne time for education in arts | and sciences outside of the art of war. | Once free they became Greek Orthodox in_religion. - ! The Serbianski number. about 2.500.- 000 “today. -Those “from the other side;” the -Pretchani, are about 7,300,- :1000. ‘A million Macedonians and an- | lation to about 12.000,000. Thus it is i seen that the Pretchani outnumber ths srbianski. Here Is_where we_strike the first | square ‘miles (New York State about 50,000). the population .is between seven and ten millions, mostly Hamites, with about the sams proportion of negroes and crossed negro Caucasians as obtains in this country. The aris- tocracy is strongly dashed with Semitic blood. ‘Some do say that the climate of the main' Abyssinian Rhtuu (6.000 to 8,000 . feet high) is the finest in the world. * Ak X Elements. ™ | nolitical leaders in contzmpt as-a lower race, less eul- - brigands and . ame versed in the arts Th | eardinal differsnce which shows why i'h!* Serbs and the people from the new territoriss . are at loggerheads. Many observers do not realize that it i not a racial question which iz pre- | venting harmonv in Jugoslavia. Ed cation and fradition aside. the races are about the same. The real dif- ference is between the Old Serbia and the new »reas added {0 make Jugo- slavia. The Serbs are ruling the coun- try and the Pretchani want to wrest the power from their hands. As the Pretchani. or those across the rivers, outnumber the Serbianski, one wenders how the Serbianski, or thos> who live in old Serbia, are able | to mamtain themseives in power. The reason is partiy becar < th> Serbs run | the elections as tha they ought to be run. but m: cause ths Croats have nn defin 3ram_and never scem to have a defic aim. They appear not to know what they want, | . One cannot spzak of the Creats be- | ing_disfranchised, hecause they elect | 70 Deputies out of a total of 315. Then during the last voting in the Skupshtina (Parliament) there were only 144 votes cast. The Croats, Slovenes, Germans | and the Serbian Peasant party deputies all remained away from Parliament. That signifies 101 Deputies joined the Croats zgainst Belgrade. But even then fhe Serbs had a majority due to the fact, that many of the Pretchani Depu- ties remained in the Skupshtina. ‘The Croats will say the Serbs obtain their majoritv through forcing elec- tions in Southern Serbia and in th- Hungarian districts. But that would not account for all the votes. There must he scme other reason for the Serb majority, and this reason seems to he | the hesitancv of th» Pretchani to fol- low the Croat-Democrat combine. | | Point to War Less. Another Creat complaint is thet th> Serbs allow themselves repres:ntation based upon th> prewar population of Serbia. And they point out Serhia lost 1,300,000 killed during the war, therefore, that Serbia should lose th: votes besides. Not exactly a beautiful sentiment, but mathematically accurate. And it is. well known how flercely tha Croats and the Bosnians fought. for ! the central power: Let us hasten to add that they would.fight better in defense of their own country. The Serbs hold the whip* hand in Jugoslavia because they know what they want and are well organized. The rad- ical nationalists in Belgrade have a per- fect machine. small but efficient. They manage to keep the Pretchani divided and themselves united. They are big enough to be patriots, but dhey are also small enough 1o think of themselves first. And it cannet be id that they have made an outstand- ing suceess of running Jugoslavia. They have- served their purpose -in holding Jugoslavia together, and now ought to 20. and make= room for a constructivo government. It is said that a groun which thrives by special privilege and refuses to recognize the -right of ‘each citizen to equality in taxation and rep resentation has no right to continue. 1t the Pretchani are right in their judg- ment of the radical government "then this obstacle in the path of Jugoslavia's progress cannot survive. The Serbs do not take the Croats serlously encugh, because the confusion resulting from the present system is not helping Jugoslavia to become a strong nountry. The truth is the Croat are no match for the Ths Croats did not have the ht to general and direct voting under gary, and have not vet had enough ience in raining their ends through e polls. Their leaders are elaver speak- ers, but not good at comhiningz, and n';):! resolute. Experience has shown Protests Are Ignored. Directly after the war, Stephen Raditch talked of separation and went to prison on a charge of treason. Sveto- zar Pribichevitch, leader of the Pret- chani Serb Democrats. went to Belgrade and became a minister. A new con- stitution was adopted. The Croat pa- pers called the constitution null and void, but it was applied just the same, and nothing came of it. In 1923 elec- tions for the Skupshtina were éartfed - out in Croatia although the Croats said the Skupshtina was illegal.. Nothing happened Raditch went to Belgrade and entered into with e baba (“the new flower") Raz Tafari other million combined of Hungarians Premier Nicola Pashitch. The . consti- rewned “King of Kings |and Rumanians bring the total popu- | fution was not q juestioned, neither was the election. but Raditch did not enter t cabinet because the Croats were not offered places. In 1925 the Croats entered the government in order to gst what they could. after trealizing that it was ctill impossible to obtain absolute control. Then in 1926 and 1927 there was | almast peace in the Jugoslav family, but it was found imoossible to govern with- the inconsistent. changeable Croat leaders. But Jugoslavia did not 80 _to pleces. Recently the Nettuno convention was ratified. There were loud protests from fhe Croats. a few demonstrations. but the denatured treaty went through the Skupshtina, with all the oppesition United States of Ameriea.—On Octo- Deduties absent. And nothing will han- 6 the American polo team, reorganized Den when it romes up again. The after defeat in the second game with -~ ement will be lared {llegal, not the Argentine team, won the third and |Pinding. but it will go through just deciding game of the series. 13-7. The ‘'h® same. The Croats are vrotssting. American line-up in the final game was bt they will not do much else. Feder- in_his veins the | t | as follows: No. 1, Harriman: No. 2, Sopping: No. 3. Hitehcock; back. Guest. Of the four, | Hiteheock only had played in interna- | tional championship lo prior to this series. The Yankees won the third game of the “world champlonship” base ball serles, 7 to 3, and the fourth and-fina! game by the same score. making it four straight. All the boyhood of th world should have been at that final gme, for the incomparable Babs mad ree homers and ended .all by a one handed catch of great difficulty. * * oK % The League.—In an article on th> record of the League of Nations Sir Arthur Salter, director of the economic and financial section of the League and &erhnp" its ablest and most use- ful official, while reciting that the more conspicuous League suceesses were in settlement of the Greco-Bulgar dispute and in financial re-establishment of Austria, Hungary, Greece and Bulgaria, emphasizes rather the League's less vivid but not less useful services, as in he flelds of health and social problems, and its indirect influences, perhaps even more important than its direct achievements. “No account,” says Sir Arthur, “however summary. may omit the ‘indirect influence of the League upon action taken outside of it; fts influence, for example. on the security arrangements made at Locarno, upon the many bilateral treaties of arbitra- tion, the aid and example of its col- lective achievements in the financial re- construction ~ of certain countries toward the reform of finances in other countries. Sir Arthur has some interesting re- marks on the special advantages en- joyed by international conferences held under League auspices. In especial, “A League conference has (in the League secretariat) the advantage of a per- manent . international staff, used to teamwork, trusting each other,” ete. * ok o* % A note—At Wiener Neustadt. Aus- tria, Socfalists and Extremists of the (members of the Heimwehr) march in rival processions and are only | kept from at one . another’s | throats by rge detachment of ), assisted at a psychol moment by a downpour of rain. You tht that the Heimwehr outfit, mtruum :;ey countryside, invaded the city. of which the citizens are slmost all Sociallsts. | ism and senaratism are as far away as | thav were 10 vears ago. | There iz a very good reason for this. The Croats and the Pretchani do not | want to leave Jugoslavia; they hope to govern it some day. Shifting of Immigration May Change Argentine Since ths World War there has been A decided shifting in the currents of European emigration to Argentina which. if continued at the present rate, | must produce radical changes in the ethnic composition of Argentina's pep- | ulation. Before the war the immigra- tion from non-Latin states was only 12 per cent of the total. Today, one-third of the immigrants entering Argentina | come from non-Latin countries and are principally of the Slav and Saxon | racss. j _ During the last 70 years 3,740.000 im- i migrants have to Argentina, the | large majority of them being Latins— inhabitanis of the countries of South- ern Europe. The Italians and Spaniards alone constitute 791, psr cent of the | total. and the iate national census, that I of 1914, shows that these two nation- alities at that time formed 23%; per cent of the total bopulation. Russwn ana Tucish immigration was devilyping In Argentina long bedere the World War and the wandering 1urk peddler is a familiar sight ‘in all th- farthermost corners of the republic Syrian immigration has decreased in re- cent vears and the Russian has almost entirely disappeared, but has been re- placed by lish immigration, which now occupics third place after tha- o Italy and Spain. From 1921 to the enc of 1927, more than §3,000 Poles enterec the country. German immigration ha: | been very important and 51,000 Ger- mans have entered Argentina during th- last eight years. | _ These increases in the non-Latin im- | migratiea (Polich, Russia=, German, ‘.mzuhr, Czechoslav and Lithuanian) | in recent years have occasioned an im- { portant change in the nature of the im- migration into the country which is be- ing watched with keen interest becauss of the radical racial effects which it ! must have on the future of Argentine ‘ponulation. 3 -