Evening Star Newspaper, February 2, 1927, Page 8

THE EVENING BTAR, T THE EVENING STAR,srubbers. but apparenty some of!sl:mlly arrested in case his conduct With Sunday Momh._pilllgm WASHINGTON, D. C. WEDNESDAY . . February 2, 1927 THEODORE W. NOYES. The Evening Star ) Rusin 11th & and Penns New York Office 110 hicage Office Tower Europesn Offce. 1 Offie vanin Ave. Sond St iding. 14 Tegont St. London, England The Evening Star with the Sundas morn- Ine eition. & delivered hv carriers within he city at B0 rania per month: dajls only 48 eenis Dar_month: Sindace only. 20 cents PSr month. Orders may he sent by mail ov phone Main 000 Coflection is made by $Hier at end of #ach manth Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryiand and Virginia. Daily and Sundas....1yr. $0.00 1 mo Dails onls 1578600 1 mo Sunday enly 15r.$300: 1 mo. 250 Aoc 28e Al Other States and Canada. iy and Sundar..] vr. $13.00: 1 mo. $1.00 only 1sr. $R00:1 mn 78e s only 15 $4.00:1mo. Member of the Associated Press. The Arsociated Preas s sxclusivelr anfitled 16 the use for rapubiication of all news dis atches rradited 1 (1 or noi biharwise cred ta8 in this maper and alko the local newa DBlished herein ATl rights of publieation of wpecial dianatches herein are also reserved = - . Clear the Plaza Completely! In the legislative appropriation hill just reported to the House is a provi elon for the razing of all the buildings on the tract hetwaen the Capitol and the T'nion Station, recently acquired by the Government, with the excep tion of the Government hotels. adoption of this item is virtually as- sured, but it may be suggested that an amendment should be effected to in- clude the excepted structures and to make a clean sweep of this tract, which is to be added to the park sys- tem. The acquisition of the Capitol-Sta- tion Plaza lands was deiaved for some years through a misunderstanding as te title and price. While the proceed ings were halted the war came and oc- wapaper Company | {them want to be something else. The | is observed, hut the pedestrian, who. | stupid | chance of heing hit, balls up trafic | (fashion formerly was to augment the | artistic beautias of a eity or a nation 1 with the sword. Today it ix the pocket- hook, although Wilhelm 11, had he [heen vietorfous, would doubtless have | taken home to Potsdam a good deal of art' brica-brac for the wife and {kiddiee, Perhape a sort of providence | | looks after these things and places | examples of creative genius where it | thinks they will do passing them onward throughout the | centuries from Greece to Rome, from | Italy to France and so on. There is no doubt that America i} the better for a good many of them, notwithstanding the dictum of archi- tects that art treasures removed from ,H setting are apt to lose much of | | their value. As long as they come here with only dollar marks upon them, and net the blood of the slain and the oppressed, there ix something to be said in favor of their translation. the most good - A Long Step Ahead of the Law. It iz gratifving and reassuring to find that the Southern R in fun} acceptance of the principle of aute-| matic train control which has been laid down by the law and ordered by the Interstate Commerce Commission, is proceeding not only to comply with the orders of the commission in equip- ping its divisions, but is anticipating the commission's requirements and installing this safety system as rapid- ly as the work can be done and as funds permit. This condition is set forth in a re- port that has just been made to the Interstate Commerce Commission, showing that the program scheduled for completion within a year will quadruple the train-control installa- tion requirements of the Federal au- thorities. Under the actual orders of the commission 638 road miles have been iustalled with the safety device ilway |7ens and {In addition to taking the [ Just as much, goes scot free. - There in only way fo get | benefit from the light system and that “" to have the fullest obedience to wignals by all classes of street user. It i= avident. then, that Washington must either accept partial henefits by overlooking pedestrian Aiolations embark on a crusade for full oper The latter conrse is by far the more desirable, % - School Landscaping. A marked difference of opinion has developed hetwean some of the eciti District officials plane for the improvement of the puh lic school grounds of Washington. An official proposal for the employment of a landscape architect to plan and oversee the installation and main- tenance of lawns, tree and shrubbery one or tion and along the approaches fo school buildings has met with a protest from a committee of the Federation of Citi. 7ens’ Associations. It is urged by the Iatter that the school playgrounds are 0 small in area there is not sufficient apace to play, and that they be merely graded and drained for recreational purposes, An unfortunate condition prevails here in respect to school play spaces. landscape development. Some of them are planted squarely on the building adjacent. In some cases grounds are merely “back closed within walls, the play- ards” in- struction, are the school approaches susceptible of decorative treatment and the play spaces adequate even for and have been in operation for many months, and in addition work is in casion arose for emergency housing for Government emploves. So many months were occupied by the drawing of plans and the erection of the build- ings, however, that by the time they were completed the peak of the con- gestion had passed and these accom- modations were not urgently required. Nevertheless, the so-calied hotels were put to use and afforded cheap and comfortable quarters for several hun- dreds, with the United States Govern- ment acting as landlord and boarding- house keeper. They were allowed to remain long after the housing crisis had ceased in Washington, largely on sentimental grounds and fn part be- cause the Plaza purchase had not been completed. The exclusion of these structures from the provision of the paragraph in the appropriation bill for clearing the Plaza ean hardly be justified by any congideration of economy, for the botels are not making money for the United States. They are in decrepit condition. It is anomalous that the Government should continue in the Tole. of renter of rooms and purveyor of table hoard when there is no emer- Bency, and the sooner this chapter is closed the better. e Sir Thomas Lipton. The headline on a dispatch from London, just printed, reads “Lipton to Retire.” The first glance at this text causes a tremor of apprehension. 8ir Thomas Lipton to quit the yacht- racing game? No more challenges for the America’s cup? But no, that is not the ‘meaning of the headline. Sir Thomas has decided to retire from active control of the Lipton firm, accepting the post of life presi- dent and retaining the honorary chairmanship, but leaving the active €xecutive work to another. This probably means that Sir Thomas will devote himself more definitely to the Job of lifting the cup. All America will welcome him on his next trip. Indeed, he will get a rousing cheer if he should succeed in winning the “trephy. For he is recognized here as one of the best sportsmen in the world, and if ever a man deserved success after a long endeavor it is this blithe Irish baronet, who has tried £0 often, has failed so gallantly 4nd has in every contest squared up to the highest principles of fair play and good fellowship. ————— Bome of the cases which get into court are calculated to create sym- pathy for the judges who are com- pelled in the course of duty to listen to all sorts of things. ———r———— An Inconsistent Art Embargo. Frenchmen are becoming disturbed and distressed over the transportation to the TUnited States of antique ob- jects of art which are considered a part of the national patrimony. A member of the Chamber of Deputies has introduced therein a bill to pre- vent the sale abroad, notably to this ceuntry, not only of comparatively #mall objects, but also parts of ancient churches and other venerable build- ings. One cannot but sympathize with the ngtural feelings of the French, who, hawing once possessed these treasures, often for a lengthy period of time, deprived thereof. In one case, where an art dealer was attempting to de- spoil. an ancient Episcopal palace in seuthern France, the outraged popu- lace, armed with pitchforks and other patriotic intplements, forced a cessa- tion of operationa, There is this to be maid, however: What Americans get they pay for, and the vendors name or agree to the price. The United States rejoices in no art collections or public buildings enriched with the spoiis of war. In this sort of spoliation Gen, Bonaparte, later Emperor Napoleon 1, was pre- eminent. Any catalogue of pletures, sculptures and other art treasures located in France, and particularly in her capital city, Is rich with items which the Corsican saw, fancied and ordered immediately packed up and shipped to Paris. Not all of them are there yet, but a great many are. Going further back, Louis XIV was no slouch at forcible collecting. On the other hand, the French themeselves have undoubtedly suffered from this Fostile grabhing process, but to a far lese egtent than they have galned. progress covering 1,917 road miles, at which rate, if continued, the entire system will in a remarkably short time be protected. This policy of the Southern Railway of a more than full compliance with the requirements of the law is that which should have been adopted by the railroads of this country generally. Unfortunately some of them have not recognized their obligations in this respect. They have resisted the orde: of the commission, and have under- taken to break down the law requiring safety installations in a futile at- tempt to check this progressive de- velopment. Automatic train control is certain to be installed on the American rallways. Experience proves repeatedly that it is impossible safely to operate trains on even the best equipped and man- aged lines by means of the visual sig- nal system alone, with signal men and engine men liable to error. The auto- matic train-control devices may not yet be perfect in every respect, but only by their adoption and use can they be brought to the point of full dependablility, Certainly train opera- tion on a road so equipped i8 more re- liable, less likely to lead to accidents than on other lines on which the en- gine men are virtually free agents, running their trains according to their judgment. . The course of the Southern Railway in anticipating Interstate Commerce Commission orders in the installation of safety devices should be followed by all other roads now subject to those orders. ———— Ching is engaged in a war which threatens to destroy the ancient im- pression that the Mongolian territory constitutes the only part of the world entitled to serious consideration. The importance of the “innocent by- stander”” has for centuries been under- estimated.* N Having announced plans for an an- clent Rome, Mussolini is regarded as Il danger of complicating his practical program for a more motlern Italy. ———— Homicide mysteries have been de- veloping a superabundance of “clues” and a scarcity of solutions. ———— Jay-Walking. Atlanta has learned to walk. The Georgie city has acquired its traffic legs and is now said to be the safest community in the world, in so far as accidents to pedestrians are con- cerned. It took a long time to bring about this desirable condition. The mayor, the mayor pro tem., a former United States Senator and many other prominent officiala were ar- rested and paid fines for jav-walking, and the outcome of the crusade has heen a great reduction in traffic acei- dente. Other cities could well take a leef from the book of Atlanta’s experience in curbing jay-walking. Washington has a regulation of this kind which applies to the automatically controlled streets, but the first jay-walker has vet to be arrested under it. Wash- ington's regulation is simple and easy to understand and withal is reason- recreational uses, Just at present there is a complaint against the disposition in Congress to refuse sufficient funds for the exten- on of the school plants and the main- tenance of the teaching force on a proper sal scale. It is not, how- ever, inappropriate, even in the face of this prospective stringency of ap- propriations for the vital essentials of the school system, to urge that con- sideration be given to means for the future development of the school plants along the lines of the Commis- sloners’ suggestions to give them at- tractive settings. There should be no issue on this score. The people of Washington ought to indorse and work for all measures that will make the school system completely satisfactory in ap- pearance as well as in educational efficiency. e Old-fashioned dances are denounced as representing the folly of their time. Poor old Terpsichore has always been & subject of sad suspicion whether anciently sedate or modernly athletic. e ‘Whisky is demanded for medicinal purposes, Old John Barleycorn, in ad- dition to assumptions of legal astute- ness, assumes the title “M, D.” e S A film comedian finds his public so ready to laugh that he may be tempt- ed to think that even his divorce trou- bles will be regarded as funny. ———— An eager public is waiting for the time when base ball will be played in- stead of being talked about. the fullest | WASHINGTON, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL., Perhaps there I& no one owning a dog’or cat who has net wished, at some time or other. talk. All such will he interested in the following essayette. contributed hy a valued friend of this column, on the subjec CAT TALK “While working on his invention of the telephone, Dr. Rell studied the throat of the cat. because ita voeal or gaits resembled those of mankind.: 8o no one has atndied the RuARe: Vel of the far as 1 know cat's vocalization as a every one recognizes certain regarding cat's words “For Inatance. there ix the war song or hymn of hate, the battle cry, the deep growl of menace, the ‘miaou’ of entreaty or demand. the purr of con- tentment. Cat lovers know hesides the charming little sound, a lightly trilled mew, with which the cat grests a friend or calls to hix mistress. Tt borders around the achool playgrounds | correaponds In cat language to the Hawaifan ‘Aloha,’ which ‘Greeting!’ or ‘Farewell” or ‘love,' according as it iz nused. “When his friend Columbus comes into Kit's yard, Kit greets him with this sound, and uaually alto goes to meet him when they put thelr noses together in what certainly appears to be a kiss, Bimbo, when playing hide.- and-seek, would go into a dark room to hide, and then call his mistreas to hunt for him with thia sound. Billy and Polly used it when playing hide- and.seek with each other. Sometimes meane simply Indeed, few of the school buildings of it means ‘Please pet me!’ This word the District are so planned and lo- | In the cat dictionary might be defined cated as to permit proper and suitable ®* Friend! (vocative), or affection. identified cat word ‘bird,’ or sound & “Another earily is ‘k-k-k,’ which means ‘something fiving.' The 'k’ lines, with the sidewalks immediately | pronounced somewhat gutturally in the throat, with the mouth open. Cats of different breeds in different parts of the United States, even as far as In only excep- | the Hawallan Islands, use this word, tlonal cases, and those of recent con- |And With practice & human can say it well enough to give the idea to a cat. * ok ox % T was trying for some time to ‘swat’ a fly. It was big, loud- buzzing, frenzied, darting from one alde of the room fo the other at sharp angles, faster than my eve could fol- low, Whenever I ‘swatted,’ it wasn't there. Bimbo sat rather high up on a cabinet, watching with evident in- terest, but saying nothing. Hin were guick enough to follow the fi zigzags, and he no doubt understood what I was trying to do—but it wasn't his hunt. “Then suddenly the sharp buzzing ceased, and no fly was visible. ‘Oh, Bimbo,' I sald, ‘I've lost my fiy!’ ‘K-k-k!" responded Bimbo, instantly, and, jumping down, ran across the room, and ‘pointed' the fly, where it was hiding In & Yold of the window curtain. There is no question in my mind that Bimbo knew from the tone of my volce that I wanted the fly, and was showing It to me. And the fact that he made no sound until I spoke to him, and then used the ‘fiying’ word, showed that he was answer- ing me. When one considers what the word ‘dumb’ means, as applied to ani- mals, and how seldom we can convey A thought to them, and recelve an Answer, it is a great satisfaction to succeed in 80 doing. “Those who love animals under- stand them and are understood b them without words, but how much more could we not learn, it only we could communicate even a little through words! ‘The cat's vocaliza- tions have so great a range both in pitch and form of sounds, and are so unmistakable in meaning, it would seem that a trained investigator might make a study of cat language, as has “One da; WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Senate action fn voting to build the three 10,000-ton crulsers of the 1924 Uncle Sam is learning an old lesson, | Program over the President’s protest The lender is popular for a moment. | ™eans that the upper house differs The creditor is resented for years, SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Monarch of Al The Grip Germ frolics everywhere, In bamquet hall or open air. He hears the song, the merry jest, ‘The patriot speaking at his best. Wherever there is found a crowd He flourishes, obscure, but proud. When everything is said and done, The Grip Germ'’s having all the fun! We sing, we dance to measures gay; We sound the ukulele lay. We take the street car with a chance That next we'll take the ambulance, Even, the money that we hold May hide a microbe In its fold. No matter how our fancies run, The Grip Germ's having all the fun! Waiting His Turn, “You are not so prominent in pub- lic attention as you used to be : “My. turn will come again,” an- swered Senator Sorghum. “My wife and T.are living happy and I am not mixed up in any alleged graft. These facts prevent me from participating in the present lines of notoriety.” Apology. I used to laugh at Henry Ford. His way has proved so wise In money matters, on my word, 1 must apologize! I said his fivver was a joke Both as to shape and size; able. 1t provides that no pedestrian shall cross moving trafic against a red light. If there is no moving traMc the walker is at perfect liberty to move against the stop signal. The penalty for infractions of this rule is a fine of from one to three hundred dollars. From the clear record in regard to arrests for this offense it might be imagined that’ Washingtonians were second to Atlantans in ohedience to the ordinary rules of safety. It Is not s0. Hundreds of violations are noted dally, but the police pay no attention whatever to them. This regulation should either be dropped or enforced. Passive rules for traffic safety accomplish nothing. Washington now has an effective system of automatic control and it should not be hampered by a non- penalized class of street user. It is far more dangerous for the pedes- trian to wander into moving green light trafic than for the driver of an automobile, The latter stands some chance hecause his automobile will protect him to a certaln extent in case of collision, but the walker is taking a deadly chi Americans may be & natlon of money~ The moterist will, i@ courss, be in- But Henry's rich and 1 am broke— 80 1 apologize. Jud Tunkins says he not only wants farm reiief but he's willing to pay lib- eral for it to a good farmhand. Point and Lonversation. “Some things should not be printed!”” “I agree,” answered Miss Cayenne. “But please don’t go Into conversa- tional detalls as to what they are.” Wonderings. Wondering at the flying snow Delirious; Wondering at the sun's bright glow Mysterious; ‘Wondering at the lightning sent ‘Mid thundering- What a lot o' life is spent Just wondering! “You can’t believe what you hear,” said Uncle Eben. “So what's de use o' stoppin’ to listen?” ————s Pertinent to Borah. From the Boston Werald. Senator Borah might cheer up long anough to natice that many of - the regulations which he says are under mining our ability te govarn ourseives are aimed against forces that aremn. dermining t ability, ~y radically with Mr. Coolidge as to what constitutes “adequate prepared- ness.” Friends of national defense in and out of Congress have always feit that the administration’s prepared- ness policy is too much attuned to national economy and not sufficiently governed by the requirements of na- tlonal security. ‘It is not only the Senate that is In disagreement with the President’s conception of ' ‘“sde- quate preparedness.” Mr. Coolidze s own executive advisers on military and naval matters—respectively, the Secretary of and the Secretary of the Navy—favor considerably more liberal treatment of the defensive es- tabiishment than the President is ac- customed to approve. The cabinet of- with whom direct responsi- bility for maintenance of the forces reflect the Views of their pro- fessional subordinates. These are the General Staff of the Army and the General Board of the Navy. Staff and board are the highly trained brains of the two services. They are not.per- mitted to say %0, but it is an open secret that the White House theory of “adequate preparedness’ and their opinions on ti score are as far apart as the poles. * X K X At a meeting of the American His- torical Association in Washington the interesting fact was mentioned that the country boasts two women who were alike daught wivi mothers of United State They are still alive. ! mhn;mn B. Fikine of West Virginia, the other Mrs. Fugene Hale of Main Mrs. Elkins is a daughter of Henry G. Davis of Weat Virginia, who was In the Senate from 1871 to 1883. Her husband, Stephen B. Elkins, was a West Virginia Senator from 1895 un- til 1911, Her son, Davis Eikins, rep- resented West Virginia from 1919 to 1925. Mrs. Hale is a daughter (of Zachariah Chandler of Michigan, & member of the Senate from 1857 until 1879. Her husband, Eugene Hale, represented Maine from 1881 to 1911. Her son, Krederick Hale, became a Senator from Maine in 1917 and 1s still in office. Mrs. Medill McCormick of lilinols 18 within a third of the proud records of Mrs. Elkins and ' Mr: Hale. She is the daughter of the lat Senator Marcus A. Hanna of Ohlo and the widow of Senator Medill Mc- Cormick of Illinols. Now and then ‘tig sald that Mrs. McCormick hankers to be a Senator herself. * ok ok ok 1t Col. Frank L. Smith is kept out of the Senate, thus compeliing Illinois to worry along with a single seat:in that. body, it will at least be an ex- periance (o which the Prairie State is not unaccustomed. On four differ- ent "occasions Ilinols is recorded in Senate annals as ‘“unrepresented”’ for varying reasons. In 1849 she went nine months with only one Senator. James Shields, elected to take his seat on March 4 of that vear, had to walit until December 2 because he had not been an American citizen for the term of years required by law. In 1909 Illinois had but one seat in the Sen- ate, pending the final settiement of the Lorimer case. At first the seat was unfilled because of the Legisla- ture's fallure to elect, and later it r mained empty until Lorimer's resigna- tion from the House of Representa- tives. On two later occasions—for periods ranging from three weeks to nine months, in 1912 and 1913—Tlinois answered the Senate roll call but once. * k% % Viscount d'Alts, Portuguese - Min- D o that his pet conld | | taking | any | i aen_done in the case of monkeys, | with much profit “As a heginning, | would suggest up the common word ‘meoit’ with a view to discovering its varioy and shades of meaning. Kit -ow’ with rising inflection for | and Aow’ with more complicated inflaction for *hurry! wait on me’ Wonder If Jack Sprait uses of these words? Like human heings, some cata are very talkative, and others usually silent. Perhaps Jack Spratt, heing a philosopher, is neither, but has a limited and force- ful vocabulary of hik own. “EDNA BARTLETT.” * ok ko There was at one time, and there may he vet, a dog in Washington who | pronounced the nime “Alex" as plain- ly as could he. This, of course. was but it alwaye to those who heard him. The idea of teaching the animais to speak our language has exiated side by side with the attempt to under- stand theirs, for, viewed in its ele- mental form, ali speech is merely xound. Mankind has simply organized its nofsex. Hence wa have language. Whether the various sounds normally made by animala may he entitled to the dignity of the word is aside the point. Undoubtedly they do, in any given tribe, “say” much the same thing in the same way when they are aroused | by the same emotion, Their cries are reflex actiens and, since they are wonderfully alike, each ery will practically resemble every other one made under thé same con- ditions. The result has bheen that each race of animals has come to know, after many centuries, just what a certain cry means. If this is | not talking, It comes precious near to it. * x % % Owing to its more adaptive ways, the dog might be expected to have a mo} complete vocabulary than the more re- served cat, but common experience| teaches us that it is just the other way around. his is all the more strange in the face of the fact that the dog more easily understands his human friends. and may be taught 10 “tricks” to the cat's 1. | The dog has shared man’s home and hunt for thousands of years, yet con- fines his vocalizations {0 a hoarse hark slightly varied from time to time, a mournful how! and a pitiful whine. The cat, as our correapondent points out, has many sorts of sounds in its repertoire. Months ago, in this col- umn, we gave in detall the 14 vari tions of “the cat's meow” as we had heard them from the mouth of Jack Spratt, alley cat. It in safe to say| that there are many more of them, and each one has many forms. A cat is forever s vising his friends with some unexp d sound. The queer part of it is that one always has the feeling that these sounds are, in truth, attempts on the cat’s part to say som thing. We hear our dog bark, and we declare, “Oh, he’s just barking about something but when old Tom meows on the back porch we say, “Tom wants in*" Or it may be an un- expected cry from another room. Then no one savs, “Oh, old Tom is just meowing about something!" All h friends in hearing wonder immediate- what he I8 “up 10,” and some one sure to say, “You had better go see if Tom is all right.” The “cat’s meow" strikes every one as an attempt to talk. And, this much granted, each sound must be called a word. Certainly there is a real oppor- tunity here for some sclentist who will make a study of cat talk, and who ‘will show us the way to con- verse more famillarly with our furry friends. ister to the United States, is about to break a record. It will be 25 years on May 1, 1927, since he first presented his credentials: No foreign diplomat accredited to Washington has ever be- fore remained for a continuous quar- ter of a century at this post. The nearest approach was the cass of Jules Jusserand, who retired from the French ambassadorship in 1935 after 22 years of uninterrupted duty. Vis- count d'Alte has served under five Presidents—Roosevelt, Taft, Wilson, Harding and Coolidge. He haa dealt with nine different Secretaries of State—Hay, Root, Bacon, Knox, Bryan, Lansing, Colby, Hughes and Kellogg. Not oniy has the suave diplo- mat from Lisbon survived succeeding changes of American administ but he has weathered lutionary changes in his own govern- ment. King Carlos I sent him here. Then he became the envoy of King Manoel IT, and, in 1910, though & nobleman and loyal supporter of the old regime, was reappointed Minister of the Portuguese Republic. D’Alte represented Portugal at the Washin, ton conference on Pacific and Eastern questions. He achieved fame there by making the shortest speech —less than three minutes in length. * ook % Congress is about to Jose most of its sartorial splendor, for Representative John B. Sosnowski of Michigan leaves office on March 4. For two years he has been the Beau Brummel of the House. From tip to toe Sosnowski is an_acknowledged thing of groomed and tailored heauty. Hix suits, shirts, oravats, shoes and spats are the last word in correctness and good taste. Now and then Speaker Longworth ap- proaches Sosnowski in elegance of at- tire, but the gentleman from Michigan is still eral handkerchiefs and waistcoats ahead of “Nick.” Sosnow- ski probably acquired his skill in dre effects from the Army. He was once in service at Weat Point, and for five years served in the 7th Cavalry. Sos- nowski gives up his seat in favor of the man, “Bob” Clancy of Detroit, whom he defeated in 1924, * ok owox “Jim" Reed acts more and more like a presidential candidate from day. to day. The latest manifestation of his ambitlons 18 the attachment to his en- tourage of Ed. A. Glenn of Loufsian Mo., who was the late Champ Clark’s presidential campaign manager in 1912. Mr. Glenn managed Senator Reed'’s triumphant ‘campaign for re- ection in 1916, when the influence of resident Woodrow Wilson was hurled againat him. Glenn accompanied Reed to Philadelphia the other day when the Missourian addressed & dinner of Pennayivania Democrats. * xR Charles Francis Jenkina of Philadel phia, who has just produced a fi cinating biography entitled “Button Gwinnett, Signer of the Declaration of Independence,” records an amusing episode in his search for material at Washington. He narrates that a clerk in the manuscript division of the Library of Congress, where -the Declaration is now so handsomely housed, thought Button Gwinn a4 breakfast food. Gwinnett’ ture, because of its rarity, commands far and away the highest price in the autograph market. As Wwitness to a will, a Gwinnett signature recently brought $22,500, the record price for an American autograph. Gwinnett, once President of Georgia, was killed in a duel with Gen. Lachlan Mcintosh. He was the second of the 56 signers of the Declaration t | islation WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 2, 1927 Politics at Large uld Lincoln. “The farmer bobs-up again on the political horizon thin week. Ever since the deflation of the farmer in 1920-21, somatimen referred to as “the erime. of 1920 by political leaders from agricultural States has been seeking red ening dire political feprisal If he he not given it. In 1922, the aroused farmers of the Northwest caused the and threst | elimination of a number of promi- nent Senators and membara of rie House, Tn 1924 it was to the farmer of the Weat and Middle West that th late Senater Robert M. La Follstte candidate for President on an inde | pendent ticket, made hir great appeal. Things were looking a little better to the farmer, and. furthermore, the farmer has a_reputation for conserv atism, even when he ia flat broke. At all events, the farmers did not take any 8t away from Mr. Cool idge in the West, except La Follette's own State, Wisconsin, e % Today the farmer i somewhat het- ter off than he was in 1924, although his situation is nothing to brag ahout Rut todAy the Western farmer is in A stronger position to obtain the leg- that he has heen clamoring for—the McNary-Haugen farm relief bill—than he has been in the past. 8enator McNary of Oregon, chairman of the Senate committee on agricul- ture, and whose name is given to the bill in the Seanate, plans to get the measure up in the Senate today or to- morrow, if he can, and to keep it bhe- fore the Benate till he gets a vote. ‘The House rules committee has pre- pAred a spécial rule, at the instance of the agriculturists, giving the Haugen bill the right of way after the last of the appropriation bills has passed that body. This should bring the farm bill into the House for consideration by next Monday or Tuesday. he bill i atronger today in Con- gréss than it haa ever been. Tt seems pretty well assured it can pass the Senate, If it comes to a vote. It may pass the House, though this is not certain. If both houses pass it, then President Coolidge will be calied upon to approve it. There has been no lit- tle speculation as to what he will do with it. A veto of the bill would cause a loud howl in many of the agricul- tural States. If he does not veto the bill and it becomes a law, then the farm problem, A political problem, will hava been removed from the 1928 campaign, and certain aspirants for the presidential nomination will not have a leg left to atand or. including former Gov. Frank O. Lowden of Iili- nois. A plan is on foot to amend the Me- Nary-Haugen bill so 1o postpone opération of the equalization fee for @ year or two years. If the latter proposal is adopted, then the $250.- 000,000 revolving fund may be used to aid the farmers without any léevy upon them until after the elections in 1928, ‘That Is something to think about, also. a2 oxx he Democrata in the Senate, having rowed among themselves over religion and rum, yesterday induiged in a row over farm relief. A request for unani- mous consent to fix next Menday as ,the day to vote finally on the Me- Nary-Haugen bill and February 10 as the day on which to vote on the con- ference report on the McFadden banking bill h: been submitted Senator McNary. The Republicans sat silent—even. those opposed to the measure. It looked as though the agreement was to be entered. But Senator King of Utah, Democrat raised his volce in protest against this speedy disposition of the farm rellef bill~although he was satisfied to vote on the banking bill. Then Sendtor Harrison of Mississippl gave volce also to rotest and declared that un- leas the “iniquitou equalization fee were eliminated so far as cotton was concerned, there would be no bill passed at this session. Whereupon Senator Caraway of Arkansas, Demo- cratic champion of the MoNary bill, poured a ton of vitrielic sarcasm upon both Mr. King and Mr. Harrison. So the Democrats appear still in the roll of halting the McNary bill, and the hope of interesting the Western States in the Democratic party received an- other joit. It may be that the dam- age can be repaired, and the Demo- crats appear in a better light to the farmers of the West. Perhaps some of the Democrats, who long to see the Republican West at serfous odds with the Republican East, were fearful that the passage of the McNary bill might take the farm issue out of the next cam- paign, and perhaps it would have done so. In view of what happened yesterday they will have difficulty proving to the West it was the Re- publicans of the East who halted a vote on the cherished legisiation of - the farmers. *xox X Gov, Al Smith of New York and Willlam Gibbs MeAdoo may not mind throwing their hats into the ring at this juncture of the political game, but Gov. A. Vic Donahey of Ohio belie in the old Spanish adage that “all comes round to him who will but walt.” At least he con- tinues to deny that he ix in any way a candidate for the nomination by the Democratic party next year. ‘This attitude, however, may lose him some of the Ohio delegation to the next national convention. Burr Gongwer, veteran Democratic boss of Cleveland, collector of customa under President Wilson, recently wrote the governor a letter asking him if he was a candidate for the presidential nomination. To which Gov, Donahey replied he was not Mr. Gongwer, who hat never heen & booster for the governor, threw his hat in the air and gave out an interview, saying he favored the nomination of Gov. Al Smith, ERE The Benate has proved a stumbling block in the path of administration measures at the present session. Its record does not give hope for much accomplishment in the next Congress, when the margin of Republican con- trol reaches almost the vanishing point. Two treaties, negotiated by the administration, hi failed to be rat- ifled—the ILausanne treaty with Tur- key, which was defeated, and the poi- son gas treaty which was not voted upon, but which was ‘temporarily withdrawn - because of opposition. The nomination of Cyrus E. Woods of Pennsylvania to be interstate commerce commissioner Wi 2 Jecte It has given evidence that it intends te turn down Col. Frank L. Smith, Senator-designate from Iilinols, a Republican. And yes- terday it took & wallop at the Presi dent in ita vote for an appropriation to begin work on three scout cruisers for the Navy, which has been opposed by Mr. Coolidge. % ® Senator Carter Glass of Virginia has promptly drepped & wet blamket over the suggestion that he is soon the farmer ' Q. Can you tell me how much | waste there would be in a 15-pound : ht of a fowl aftar the | head, fest, hones and inedible antrails have heen removed ia from 15 to 20 per | cent less, { Q. Will you pleass inform me | where | can get full instructions how | to salt peanuts in the shell>—R. W. W. A. Salting peanuta In the shell ix | done quite extensively in the tropics. | The peanuts are hoiled in the sait which eq Q. red?—J A gasoline, can alfo he used in kerosens. they are roasted. No special pment is required for this process. What b will color kerosene Q. How do you account for the fact that Chancellor Bismarck has ofttimes been addressed as Bismarek" W. P. A. Bismarck was entitied to be ad- dressed “‘Prince.” He was created prince in 1871 after the consolidation of the German Empire. Q. Are big-game animals on the in crease in the Uinited States?—F. C. H. A. Big game on the reservations administered by the Biological Rurvey has notably increased during the Iaat 10 vears, with the axception of antelopes. Bettar control has been in- itiated and these are again increasing. The total number of hig-game aAnimals on these ressrvations at this time is about 1,530, Q. Who rang the Liberty Bell a the signing of the Declaration of In- dependence?—H. J. L. A. Andrew McNair rang the Lib- erty Bell upon the occasion of the cale- bration of the signing of the Declara- tion of Independence. Q. What i the amount of business done by co-operatives in the United Statea?—R. K. A. It has recently been stated that a rough estimate of the total business handled by co-operatives in the 10 lead- ing States from 1915 to 1925 ix $9.000,- 000,000. The business transacted by the California co-operatives amounted to $1,700,000,000, the Minnesota co-op- eratives ‘slightly more than $1,400,- 000,000, and the lowa associations trifie less than thi ount. Q. Will you kindly advise the total number drowned on the Otrante in the North Sea? Was the loss greater than ihat on the Tuscania?—H. B. A. Four hundred and thirty-one lives were lost in the wreck of the steamship Otranto. Three hundred and sixty-#ix of these were American soldiers. The loss of life on the Tus- cania was 213, Q. When was the R. F. D, s installed by the Post Offic B. D. A. In 1863 Postmaster General Blair introduced the free-delivery syatem, beginning the practice in cities of 50,000 population. The rural free de- livery service was established under President McKinley in 1807, In 1896 the experiment in rural fres delivery was atarted with three routes in West Virginia. Q. In what years were the leg-of- mutton sleeves worn?—B. G. A. Leg-of-mutton sleeves were worn about 1895, Q. How far did Gertrude Ederle [liquid and then allowed to dry. after | Qi) Ol Red O, which Ix used to color | “Prince | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASK] wim when crossing the Channel?— H.C. A A. The estimated distance coverad by Mise Fderle when swimming the English Channel was between 30 and 35 miles. Q. What was the Federal income tax rate on incomes of $1.000 and $2.000 In 1923, and what per cent of :h;’mpn\nnfin filed persanal returns Dpersonal exemption to single | persons in 1923 was $1.000: to mar- d persons. $2.500. provided their | net income wae not in excess of 35,000, in which case the married exemption wan $2,000. The rate 6f tax was 4 per cent on the first $4,000. The per nent | of population which filed personal re- turne was 6.94 Q. DId the supply of lamb increase or decrease Auring 1926%—1. M. M. A. The Department of Agricuiturs says there were 385,000, or & per cent, tewer lambe and sheap on feed for market on January 1, 1927, than on January 1, 1926, Q. What is the special process or finishing medium used in making the shine on patent leather’- A. P. A. Patent leather shoex are given a varnish composed of drying ofl, vegs- table biack and Prussian biue. Three coats are applied and & finishing coat to give the polish, Q. Are there natives of the warm sea (alands that can kill a shark under water? —G. W, P, A. An authority on sharks save that it is claimed that the natives of the Routh Sfea Islands swim under sharke and with daggers like kni: atab and kill them. Q. How many congressional medals wers award for services in the World War, and to what State was awarded the largest number of these medals?—J. J. McF. A. The total number of congres slonal medals awarded for services in the World War was 90. The State of New York was awarded the greatest number, 14; Illinois, 10; California and New Jersey, 7 sach. Q. Were the minstrels of the Mid: dle Ages much thought of?—P. W. W, A. Tt i said that the minstrela of that day were usually of question- able virtue and honer, and laws wers enacted to repress them. They were called “shadows” or ‘“roving me And under the law they were not pes mitted to inherit property, to ecollect debts or to take part in Christian sacraments. Q. Please tell me if John Bur- roughs, the naturalist. is dead; and if 80, the date of his death?—A. J. T. ZIA,l"Jlohn Burroughs died on March When in doudbt-—ask Haskin. He offers Aimael! as a target for the qQuestions of our readers. He agrees to furniah facts for all who ask. This ia a large comtract—one that haa never deen filled before. It would be poasidbie only in Washington, and only to one who has spent a lifetime in Iocating sourcea of information. Has- kin does not know all the things that people ask him, dbut he knows people who do know. Try him. State your question bdriefly, write plainly, end inolose 2 cents in atamps for re- turn postage. Addre: Frederic J. Haskin, Director. The Evening Btar gmmm Bureau, Washington, . C. Demand for Arbitration Produces Unanimous aotion by the United States Senate in favor of the principle of arbitration in the Mexican it has resulted in clashing opinions the presa as to the feasibility of sub- mitting the questions involved to a satisfactory tribunal. The obligation of the United States to uphold arbitra- tion is emphasized, but two points em- phasized by critios of the current pro- Dosal are that certain property rights are definitely established, and that the sentiment of the country is opposed to European action on matters affecting the Unitéed States. ‘A8 the Mexican government has already indlcated its willingness to arbitrate the queations in dispute,” sayn the Houston Chronicle, it seems that there is a falr chance of having all the disagreements and misunder- standings aired before an impart ocourt in case the points at issue can't be settled by direct negotiations.” The Chronicle recognizes the ‘‘movement to return agricultural landa to dispos- sessed peons” and the Mexican pro- poal “to pay for the land taken." but insists that “Americans must be as- sured that they are paid full value for their property when taken, and this inoludes payment in something else than government securities of ques- tionable value.” The Texas paper advises that “it might as well be recog- niged that there are problems ef a fundamental nature at lssue between the American people and the political group that now holds power in Mex- in the dirsction of arbitration is viewed by the san Fran- olsoo Bulletin as “paving the way for Judicial settlement of all disputes he- tween all Americans nation: by the St. Joseph News Preas as showing that “Americans are beginning to realize that with our emormous wealth and power has come an obligation to treat with greater courtesy, consideration and patience nations that are weak and disorganized”; by the Ruffaio Eve- ning News as in the direction of “a great accomplisthment, one that will assist to promote peace and righteous- ness among nations.” and by the An- niston Star as “far better than war, for Mexico I8 our close neighbor and should be our close friend.” “It opened the way to a peaceful settiement And makes it easy for Mex- ico to elect the courss that the United States will take,” says the Indianapolis News, while the New York World be- Hevea ‘“there has never been an in- ce In our national history In which the United States has regretted a re- sort to arbitration.” The belief that the Senate action represents strong public sentiment is expressed by the Cleveland Plain Dealer, Springfield Republican, Newark Evening News, Arkansas Democrat, Jersey City Jour- nal and Des Moines Tribun: The Albany Evening News deciares that “under the principies of interna- tional law, America need fear no deci- sion that the tribunal will return,” a position with which the Norfolk Led- ger-Dispatch is in agreement. The New Orleans Item contends that “if Mexico really is trying to deny our people any part of their full righta of ownership in property fairly acquired under previousty existing laws of Me; ico, the fact will show on sound” arbi tration.” The Butte Daily Post finds ‘merit in “ flln,‘lhl matter out of (h’, control of the Mexican government. Protesting inst the proposal, to relinquish his place in the Senate, found in certain Virginia newspa- pers. Mr. Glass has no intention of quitting the Senate, he said. His term does not expire until March 3, 1931, The Democrats have few Sen- ators as effective in debate or more conscientious in their duties than Senator Glass. Sobriety for Animals, From the Clevaland Naws, Saskatel farmers are going to import camiels from Russia to do the work of . We knew Canada ouls reazon fte ansas City Journal- Bon aaka, “What In there 10 arbitrate as ards differences between the Unlmmu- and Mexico?" That pa- per 2dds that “it 18 one of the out- Clashing Views of American property or tha effects of such expropriation be submitted to arbitration?” as it takes the position that “the existing situation discloses & serious clash between two almost op- po-'i:o conceptions of international rig! ‘Mexico's talk of arbitration has been induiged in chiefly to alienate the American publlc from the American administration,” asserts the Manches- ter Unfon, while the Illinoils State Journal ig of the opinion that “there 1s only one possibility that makes arbi- tration at all tolerable in this sountry. It may serve to save the face of the Calles crowd without injuring Ameri- oans.” The Brooklyn Daily 4 points out that the Mexican holdings of Fdward 1. Doheny and associates are involved in the controversy through lack of registration, and sug- geats, “By registering this land and removing it from econtrovarsy Mr. Da- heny could carry on his good work of helping to keep the Unitad States out of dificulties that might ledd to war.” —————— 5-Day Week Not Suited To All Trades, Is View From the Fiint Daily Journal The five-day week won't work at all in the building trades, says Edward M. Craig, Chicago contractor. The reason s that builders have all they can de to keep up with the demand for houses, and the result of off-day each week would be double time for the extra holiday for the majority of the workers and a consequent boost in home-buflding costs, almost pro- hibitive now. The first attempt to put through a five-day week will come In the building industry, Mr. Cralg beliaves. “In 90 per cent of the time the astablishment of a fiveday week wouldn't actually ecut down the tradesman's waekly schedule” saye Mr. Craig. “but It would compel con- tractors to pay deuble time for all work on Saturdaye and would add heavily to the cost of construction. What is urgently nesded now is a re- duction in the cost of building and net an increase. Without entering into the labor dis- pute involved, we believe Mr. Cralg has correctly analyzed the underlying principles of the five-day week. In in- dustry where there is a steady demand for the manufactured article, there is no need for the extra holiday. In lines where there is an oversupply of labor, the five-day week is desirable chiefly as a matter of business strategy. Situations are conceivabl where employers themselves may pre- fer the short week, when work ls scarce, for the purpose of preventing disaffection among the men. The coal industry furnishes an example: it goes further, however, and gives its em- ployes weeks and months off at a time, Probably that ideal condition where a workman will produce in five days the output that formerly he produced In six daye will never come. The em- ployes in many cases want six days’ pay for five days’ work; the amployars want to grant but five days’ pay for five day®’ work. Thers are inter- aats on both sides to consider. The worker will not be satisfled to ae- cept five-sixths of his present wage for the benefit of An extra day of idle- ness. He should be chary in indors:, ing the movement for & five-day week until he has studied the subject in all its detalls. standi nciples of American ad- lllll\l.::tlv’:‘ government that this re- public does not permit. Old World D" otn. reopsct o matters In the wit! o Western Hemisphere.” With this the [anesville Gazette is In agresment. What is there to arbitrate?” asks the jeago Tribune, which holde that o aquity o disgute. ! Tha New Tribune asks: “In what A Handy New One. From the’ Okishoma City Daily Okishoman Add list of new American unhyphen- ated words: Borahdenounces. TN Assure ‘Aimee’s Futurg. Prom the Nashville Banner. ; Well. If anybody does decide to kid: