Evening Star Newspaper, November 6, 1926, Page 6

r 8 " THE THE EVENING STAR'for the state's attorney to establish | lege boy” frame of mind regarding With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. G BATURDAY. ... November 6, 1926 THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor Business Office: 11th St and Pennevivania Ave. FeEutars Ofice: H0 B 4300 St ! ice: Tower 5 Wuropean Offico; 14 it St., London, PEEYS Tha tar. with the Sunday momn- ered by carriers’ within . r month: dl'ls OHI{. 5 oon Sents B month, a) o undays only. 20 lephone Maln 5000, ¢ at end of each month. it or Collection 18 made by Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginla. ally and Sunday . $2.00: 1 mo.. 78c. aily anly .00 1 mo. 60c unday only . $300: 1 mo.. 26¢ All Other States and Canada. gll'! and Sunday..1 yr.. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 13 1; o .. $R00:1 .. 7D Sunday only A7 380%:1me: B8e Member of the Assoclated Press., The Associated Press s exclusively entitled to the use (or republication of all news dis- atches credited 1o it or not otherwise cred. t=1 in this paner and also the local news published herein. All righte of publication hes herein are also reserve Good Politics, Sound Statesmanship. ‘Whether so intended or otherwise. the announcement by the President that he favors and will seek legisla tion early in the coming session of Congress providing for a rebate or refund of from ten to twelve per cent on the Federal taxes of 1925 will have & pronounced political effect. If it is a partisan maneuver, it is a most efficient one. It will demonstrate anew to the country that the President and his partyestand for a lightening of the tax burden and are proceeding to cause that lightening by practical and continued measures of relief. But it is not necessarily to be re garded as a partisan move. It is a Joglcal continuance of a policy. The state of the Treasury warrants further lessening of the impost. A surplus of about $250,000,000 is immediately in- sight. That money can be applied to the national debt or restored to the taxpayers as not required for Govern ment operations. Already this calen dar year a heavy cut has been made in the debt out of surplus. The ad ministration holds that it is only fair to divide the surplus between the debt and the taxpayers. There are two ways of relieving the taxpayers of their burden. One is to reduce the rates for future taxes, and the other Is to grant rebates out of accumulated revenues. The President does not approve an immediate further cut in the tax rates, for there is no positive assurance of the continuance of the prosperity which has resulted in the heavy tax returns during the past few years. An additional rate cut might resuit in a deficit. In event of continued “good times” such a further cut may be ordered. It is fairly well assured that the present rates, if maintained, will con- tinue to supply the Government with sufficient revenues to maintain its operations, both administrative and financial, in the systematic liquida- tion of the national debt, even though the prosperity condition changes. But if prosperity continues those rates will cause a further accumulation of surplus, which must be applied to the debt or refunded to the taxpayers. So it would appear to be a logical measure of sound statesmanship, and not merely a partisan political move, to propose a refund, or rebate, of the 1925 taxes, leaving for later deter- mination the question of a further rate cut. It may be possible both to refund and to reduce the rates. Should that possibility develop mext year, on the eve of the presidential nominating conventions and the na- tlonal mpaign, the benelit of the pursuance of the policy will undoubt- edly accrue to the administration and the party which it represents. The political aspect of the an- nouncement is at once evidenced by the disclosure that it has been the purpose of the “opposition” to pro- pose, immediately after the beginning of the session next month, a $300,- 000,000 rate reduction. With tk - ministration proposing legislation for a refund, to be provided for at once in order to apply on the December quarterly payments, it will be diffi- cult for the Democratic leaders in Congress to work out a method where- Ly the credit for this relief granted to the public will not fall upon' the Presi- dent and his part rom the political point of view, th it is not neces- sarily that which governs, the Presi- dent has simply “beaten them to it.” o Forecasters still decline to be con- fused by the eccentricities of “off year” elections, — ————————— A Remarkable Trial. For oddity of procedure and for gen- eral unusualness the Hall-Mills trial, now In progress at Somerville, N. J., passes any court case ever known in | cour In the first place, the | crime itself was exceptional. A clergy- | man-and a choir singer of his con- | gregation found slain in highly com- promising circumstances. An immedi- ate furore of investigation, with little | result in terms of evidence to indicate | the identity of the slayer or sk The lapse of nearly four vears, the apparent dropping of the e | the category of unsolved crimes. A | sudden revival through significant | circumstances disclosed in the course of an ordinary divorce procedure only | remotely connected with the crime. The appointment by the State of a | special prosecutor, who with dynamic cnergy attacks the problem and un- covers evidences of a systematic pro- tection of the wife of the dead clergy man and her family by county offi clals. An investigation which elicits sufficlent testimony for the return of | tndictments against the wife, her two | brothers and a cousin. A speedy trial | and the securing of a “struck jury” within an hour and a half from the fall of the gavel of the presiding judge, despite the notoriety of the case. Then, after a surprisingly brief in- troductory statement by the prosecu- tor, the presentation of the testimony in & manner altogether from the usual course. It 18 customary io homicide trials! place and circumstances of the crime, In complete reversal of this method the prosecutor placed on the stand as his initial witnesses two people who testified that they saw one of the de- fendants on the night of the murder at a considerable distance from his home, where it has been claimed he had been throughout the night, thus attacking his alibi in advance, where- as customarily such evidence is held for rebuttal after the presentation of the alibi itself by the defense. Then followed on the witness stand the daughter of the slain woman to testify to certain circumstances collaterally connected with the erime. Not until the fourth witness took the stand was any direct reference made to the ac- tual tragedy in the establishment of the crime. Meanwhile the prosecution’s chief witness, celebrated for her eccentricity of character and the remarkable story she has told since the first days of the inquiry, - four years and more ago, present in court at the opening of the irial, is taken seriously ill and is re- moved to a hospital in a critical con- dition. She is visited by the judges and lawyers and found to be incapable »f testifying. It may be some weeks refore she can go to court, if ever. Thus it is probable that hér testimony, vhich is the foundation of the case 1gainst the accused, will be the last of he direct presentation if, indeed, it 'an be given at all before the defense spens. But another oddity is vet to develop. One of the leading witnesses of the State, who had before the grand jury siven testimony highly damaging to ‘he defense, proves on the witness stand in the trial to be in fact “hos- ‘lle,” refuting his earlier testimony and denying knowledge of certain ‘acts alleged to be known to him. Whereupon the prosecutor presents a wvitness who testifles to circumstances ffecting him and his connection with he case, in the nature of denial of his own denial. Thus the spectacle is offered of the prosecution kaving to liscredit its own witness. All these peculiarities raake the Hall-Mills case, apart from its sensa- ional character, exceptionally inter- esting. At the present rate it will set a record for departures from ‘he customary lines of procedure. A conclusive verdict, after the long ‘apse of time and in the remarkable circumstances, will be worthy of per- manent note. ———— et Just Plain Bad Manners. Quarreling between American mem- hers of the party of Queen Marie of Rumania has reached the point at which the public becomes thoroughly disgusted. These outbursts of jeal- ousy are mot only egregiously bad manners but they are in shockingly bad taste and must cause a very poor opinion of the people of this country in other lands. Regardless of the merits of the controversy respecting the rights of hostship on the train, the outburst of ill temper’ manifested a lack of what must, for the want of a better word, be called good breeding. Such a thing would never happen In other lands. There might be sharp feel- ings, but they would never reach the public attention. There might be quarrels, but they would be kept strictly private. Consider the spectacle: A royal personage comes to this country for a visit and is escorted about in state, in order that she may see the won ders of this western land. Her hon- orary escort changes from place to place and at almost every point of new contact there is friction between those who regularly attend her and those who represent the newly en- tered sections. Seats of honor in motor cars and at dinners and other functions are disputed, Small boys quarreling over their games in a schoolyard are no less dignified than are these adults. It is with shame that the country watches these maneuvers. The chief fault appears to lle with an individ- ual who claims to stand as general manager of the tour. It would be bad enough if the object of these jealous attentions were some un- sentient freak of nature, toured as an attraction for morbid public curiosity. But when the principal person, the guest of the American people, is 2 woman of the highest culture and of the highest social and official status, the situation intolerable. Americans are not an uncouth peo- ple. The standard of good manners is quite as high here as in other lands. But sometimes supposedly rep- resentative Americans undeniably do put their countrymen to shame by their gaucheries and their utter lack of the sense of social propriety. The hope is that the royal vigsitor and {her country people and others who are doubtless now watching this silly display of ill temper and bad man- ners will not condemn the whole Na- tion or judge it by this single episode. e The November vote is accidentally timed so as to make it spoil many a politician’s interest in Thanksgiving. —————at——————— A Student Riot. Thousands of dollars’ worth of prop- erty was destroyed yesterday by stu- dents of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in one of the wildest riots ever staged in Cambridge. Six hundred students invaded the town; | fought police reserves, wrecked auto- mobiles and trolley cars, tearing off the license plates of the former and breaking the windows and cords of the latter; “crashed the gate” of the subway and took possession of a train, using women to faint and children c | to be trampled underfoot; finally end- ing up in a Boston dance hall, where the management estimates that they caused more than two thousand dol- lars damage to the furnishings. Of these six hundred students only five have been arrested. One of the five has already been sentenced to five days in the house of correction. Pollce are making every effort to apprehend { every one concerned in this outrage divergent | and stiff sentences are promised when the offenders are brought to court. It 1s difficult to understand the “cal- ! Inm the fact of death and the time, | such occurrences. For pure viclous- ness, wanton destruction of property and potential fatalities it seems as if ‘nothing can exceed the mob spirit of the college student. The performance yesterday in Cambridge was disgrace- ; EVENING BTAR, WASHINGTON, a., D. SATURDAY, THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. ! ful and the public should not and will] Watching a gang of men pave a not tolerate a repetition of it. Every student who is found to have taken part in the riot should be pun- ished, not only by the college itself, but by heavy fines and jail sentences when he is brought before the bar of Justice. There is not the slightest excuse for such occurrences and col- lege boys who insist on acting like thugs and ruffians should be treated like thugs and ruffians when they are caught after the perpetration of such outrages as constituted the Cambridge riot. American education must not be linked up with such actions. They are no part of the college curriculum and no institution should be forced to bear the stigma of wholesale vicious- ness among its students. It is high time that a reform movement bBe put into force, and if the colleges are not able to make such a movement effec- tive it is up to the police and courts to take the steps necessary to make a repetition of these disgraceful scenes impossible, ——te———— A Better Understanding. A clearing-up of the general mis- understanding regarding the work- ings of the newly organized school- boy patrol has resulted from Instruc- tions issued by Supt. Ballou to prin- cipals of all schools in which he em- phasizes that members of the patrol are not to attempt to direct traffic, but are simply to stand on the side- walks and watch for openings to send young children across the streets in safety. It has been evident from the be- ginning that the maximum benefits were not being procured from the op- eration of the system, which has been installed for the protection of children in the heavy traffic at rush hours. Motorists have been not only startled but resentful when a young boy would rush out into the street and attempt to hold up all traffic, or stand at a corner and wave his arms in mimicry of a policeman. It is obvious, of course, that each member of the patrol was doing what he concelved to be his duty fer the safety of the youngsters under his care, but In many cases it was noted that “authority” was a little too much for the young members of the patrol to carry and these actions did not win the degree of co-operation from the motorists necessary for the success of the movement. With Dr. Ballou’s explicit instruc- tions as to the extent of the duties of the patrol and sympathy and co- operation from the motorist, even when he is annoyed by some childish assumption of authority, there i{s no reason why the operation of the sys- tem should not be the means of sav- ing lives. a0 Paris no longer dictates fashion in America. Her present state of mind is such as to render her willing to leave the women of this country to their own fate in matters of dress. And they appear to be doing exceedingly well at that. ————————————— The recent election was the first at which Uncle Joe Cannon failed to vote. There are few leisurely men in the country for whom staying away from the polls can be regarded as an event of a lifetime. e — A man who pays the restaurant price for a pork chop or a piece of chicken fails to understand why farm relief should be so difficult. Apparent- ly, there ought to be money enough to go 'round. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON Rollin’ Along. The world keeps rollin’ on its long, long way. We think as how it mebbe will git lost some day. But it knows where it’s goin’ as it speeds through space And it always comes around to the same old place. The world keeps rollin’ on the long, long swing. Snow clouds threaten, or the robins sing. We travel swiftly through the starry sky Till time calls our station, by and by. Give and Take. “Do you regard politics as a pro- fession?” “Not exactly,” answered Senator Sorghum. “Out in my district it's usually some kind of a trade.” The O1d Standby. Professors write and statesmen wage Their warfare on the printed page; Yet frequently in life's wild race The Hall-Mills case grabs all the space. Rising Talent. “What did you do with that boy who drew a ridiculous picture of you and passed it around the schoolroom?” “What could I do?" rejoined the teacher. “We must respect genius. That boy is golng to Le one of the great comic artists of the future.” Way of the Modern Transgressor. The toiler takes his fliv at morn In honest patience all serene. The bootleg magnate sounds his horn And passes in his limousine. “Money talks,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “It sometimes mak noise like an automobile horn.” Height of Popularity. The Queen approaches with & regal grace. - Her majesty is lofty and serene. You know from the applause in every place She’sieven greater than a movie queen. “De spirit of mortal” said Uncle Eben, “should not’ be proud, unless |U it kin show some good excuse foh bein' sat A street, we were struck by the serious demeanors of every last Jack of them. There was not a man there, white or colored, who was not tremendous- ly absorbed in what he was doing. It seemed to us that their actions, and especially their manifest atten- tion to-their work, spoke arguments against the oft-repeated charge that y Workingmen of today have no pride of trade Here was a score of men, actively raking, pounding and rolling asphalt, each one as if his life depended upon it. While each was naturally con- scious of the “gallery” along the side- walk, every worker paid strict atten- tion to business, Just as the great golfer appreciates his gallery, while paying no particular attention to it, as he works around the course, so these men went about .t'heir work, without smiles, without ‘Joshing” one another, every man ab- sorbed in his particular task. Men in a thousand walks of Tife, representatives of which perhaps stood on the “side lines,” might well pattern their working after the man- ner of these picturesque fellows. very office where “kidding” is rife (stealing the time of employers and employes alike—for the “kidder” too often “kids” himself without meaning to) would be a better office, and get more work done, if every man went about his work In the intense manner ofnthe fitreez pavers. really. was rewpaling to see thes men, at 11:30 a.m., working away B: if they were lgying the Pyramids, and yet were not particularly worried :zbg:lt what posterity would think of Next week, when the barricades are down, and 'traflic rolls along this thoroughfare as usual, not a one of those serious workers, however, will be able to point to a portion of it and say, “I did this.” y No pedestrian will find the name of “Bill Jones” blazoned forth as the man who ironed out, with a great red- hot instrument, the seam between two sections of asphaltum laid at different times, The street {s the result of team work. Such personal satisfaction a< the workers got out of creating It came from the manifest interest of fellow human beings lining the curb and from the feeling of good work well done. The care put into the making of that street was amazing. Take that fellow Bill Jones, for instance, stand ing there putting deft touches to thr seam. He is one of the most pictur esque figures in downtown Washine ton today. Miss Flapper, in her coonskin coat, is not half so snappy if the truth were known. Jones has on a pair of stained blue overalls, and a grimy khaki sweater, and an old felt hat that is nothing less than a masterpiece. He wears heavy shoes, and has his hands encased in crude cotton glov whose original color it is impossible to tell at this time. See with what masterful ease and precision he handles his great iron, which he has just secured from a smoking fire wagon. The tool is about six feet long, with a thick hollow iron handle of peculiar curve. BY PAUL V. Now there is more trouble in store for Americans. The new Minister to Mexico, Mme. Kollantay, from one of the “greatest nations of Europe,” hearing what a fine time Queen Marie is having, en tour through “the States,” decided that she might as well take in the sights and “dollar-a- mile” special train service, as to travel by water directly to Vera Cruz. She could study the wonderful pros- perity of the Americans, and see how they have achieved that prosperity— or at Jeast how it might be over- thrown. For be it known that this Mi: er is a lady and has feminine curjosity—furthermore, she is a diplomatic representative of Com- munistic Soviet Russia—a government which this country does not recognize, for what appears to our officials good and sufficient reasons. Under instructions of our State De- partment our consul general in Nor- -ay has refused to visa the passports of Mme. Kollantay, as an undesirable touri So she must go right to Mexico, and cannot enter the realm where “‘all men are equal.” And now it transpires that she had gone to Norway and bought many fashionable gowns. There is only one thing worse than “a_woman scorned” and that is one “all dressed up and no_place to go Result of this “highhanded outrage” 13 that all the communists, socialists, anarchists and plotters of world revolution are in a rage, denouncing the Government In general, and Sec- retary of State Kellogg in particular. * Kk X The fact that our consul general to Norway, in refusing the visa, char- acterized Mme. Kollantay as “a mem- ber of the Third Internationale Con- gress, who has been actively asso- clated with the Third Internationale subversive movement,” has not satis- fied the afiiliated Communists America that that is any reason why she should not blaze a trail of treason | from New York to El Paso, via San | Francisco or Miami, and hold glorious subversive meetings at all points. “Is not this a country of boasted free speech and an asylum for all political agitators of the world?” There are even many Amerlcans who contend that in our limitless free- dom we should welcome everybody, and reserve disciplinary methods to offenses committed on our own Soil That is the doctrine taught in certain colleges and churches and among parlor Bolshevists. It is not, however, the doctrine of our laws passed in the last decade or so. * k k ¥ Self-protection is the first law of life—whether of the individual or the nation. Our Congress takes the posi tion that free speech of our citizens has nothing to do with permitting treasonable aliens plotting or advo- cating the overthrowing of our Gov- ernment. Such propaganda is mnot !open to discussion. Secretary Kellozg ew York a vear ald in a speech | z0: in here is one question which of late has attracted public attention, and on which I desire to state the position |f the State Department, and that is the dmission of anarchists, revolu- tlonists, agitators and propagandists Wwho advocate the overthrow of orderly povernment, and those who are af- filiated with socleties for that pur- pose—in other words, undesirable Alens. The poliey of this country, as | plainly indicated by acts of Congres: is to keep certain specified classes of allens out of the country. Some peo-| Dle seem to think that the polic Should be different; that the doors | Should be thrown open, and the ac- tivities of undesirable aliens dealt with from the inside, after they ar-| rive. But that is not the policy of the ! country as emphatieally declared by | Congress. All loose taik of an aghi-i Secretary of State or of American | consuls in this field s singularly fu-| tile. 1 am charged With the enforce. | ment of this policy nd, furthermore, | 1 believe in it.” i This was made jaw by Congress| uder the Wilson administration and | is not merely the pelicy of Secretary Kellogg nor of Président Coolldg Secretary Kellogg BACKGROUND OF EVENTS, The working end of the instru- ment reséimbles a weighted floor waxer. Seizing it as a woman might a carpet sweeper, Bill Jones eases it backward and forward over the juncture of the old and new asphalt. Joining concrete or asphalt so that the knot is tight is no easy job. Bill Jones is determined to do it right. “When I get done ironing you in,” he seems to say, “you are going to stick.” _He smooths the smoking iron across the smoking asphaltum time and time again, giving it a peculiar rolling effect, expert in every motion. He stops, now and then, to survey the results of his application. He con- descends, at times, to show another man how to do it, but the veriest tyro on the sidewalk can tell the differ- ence. Jones’ stance, his stroke, his “carry through,” all bear the im- pression of experience, of long and careful attention -to his job. Let other men swing golf clubs or fly airplanes, or hammer typewriters, Bill Jones joins asphalt, and he does it darn well, if you ask us. As we watch him and the man on the 10-ton roller and the fellows in boots raking the steaming asphaltum and the men standing around on the edges, not doing much —guess who!—and the old gentle- man caretully sweeping away debris for the lordly entrance of the roller— as we take in all this, we say, we come to the conclusion that some sort of tablet ought to be put up at the corner in order that the memory of all this care and work shall not perish from the earth. Perhaps the day will yet come when laboring men will be remem- bered by & neat bronze plate at the corner of every street paving job and on it will be some such list of names as the following: Sam Washington, Bill Jones, Mike O'Dowd, Terrence Day, James Smith. ¥d Smithers, Billy White, Henry Green, Jno. Haltigan, Charlie Brown, Alex Black and Mike Hoolihan. The drama of street paving reaches its climax with the entrance upon the scene of the 10-ton roller. Literally, everything that has gone hefore has paved the way for him and it, for every roller has its engi- neer. 2 Bill Jones toiled with his mauler for him. White and Green and Smith and Brown and all the other hoys hauled and raked for him. And now he comes, Mike Hoolihan himself, astride the seat of the big ‘oller, spinning it along as though it were a pleasure car! Water is dripping over the great wheel, as Mike carefully guides his craft to the edge of the gutter, and pilots it truly along the very line. He reverses, while the engine sets up a pleasant chug-chug, for all the world like that of a locomotive. R Hoolihan, a trim fellow in khaki overalls, which set off his well knit figure, descends then from the seat. Unmindful of his audience, he ad- vances to the black sea, and care- fully tests it with the heel of his low brown shoes. e is an artist, in his way, is Mike Hoolihan. . COLLINS, however, as to the attitude of the present administration: “I am charged with the enforce- ment of this policy and, furthermore, I belleve in it.” In the same speech last year Sec- retary Kellogg quoted the law (act of June 5, 1920), which modified cer- tain war-time regulations, but ex- pressly retained the bar against anarchists and all who teach opposi- tion to organized government or who belong to societies or organiza- tions so teaching. The Secretary added: “One would think from some of the comments in the press that a for- eigner has some inherent right to come to the United States, which is being denied by the State Depart- ment. No foreigner has any such right whatever. Congress may ad- mit or exclude any one it sees fit. The law has specified what classes all be excluded and until ‘the law is changed it will be enforced, and it will be enforced without regard to their station in life, for the law ap- plies to prince and peasant alike. Nor am I going to enter into a public discussion of the facts of evel e on which exclusion is based. - P “I belleve in carrylng out the let- f50 ann the spirit of the Constitu- tfon guaranteeing free speech. I believe it is onme of the priceless heritages of liberty, which we should preserve, but I do not recognize that this applies to aliens who desire to come here to teach their pernicious doctrines of communism, revolution, sabotage and destruction of orderly government.” * ok Kk ok Aside from the known activities of Mme. Kollantay, in promulgating Soviet doctri the fact that she is the official representative of the Soviet_government puts her into the ribed class, barred under our The act of 1917 exempted from ex- clusion persons who teach or advo- cate the commission of an offense “purely political,” but what is “pure- ly political” in Russia, such as mur- der of public officfals of “capitalistic nations,” may be treason and homi- cide in our country, owing to a dif- ferent degree of civilization. Murder of the “bourgeoisie” Is 'got only a “purely political” doctrine in Russia, but is urged as a specially desirable public policy. To prove the above statement, it is only necessary to cite “Document 3. Circular of the Soviet committee of the Soviet government of Russia” (from which Minister Kollantay comes as diplomatic representative to Mex- ico). ‘General instructions (Issued, 1919): “The work of Bolshevist organiza- tions in foreign countries is regulated as follows: “1. In the domain of international relations: “a) A all chauvinistic meas- nd foster all international dis- up agitation that may ito bring on industrial conflict. “(c)ITry to assassinate the repre- sentatives of foreign countries. “Thanks to these methods, interior ords and coups d'etat will occur, such agitation working to the advan- tage of the Social Democratic party. Equally devilish doctrines are im. pressed in relation to the domain of internal politics—urging that influ- ential men in office be “compromised by every possible means,” strikes be induced and interference made with gécansport of food supplies to citles, In military forces, “carry on in- tensive propaganda among troops. Cause misunderstandings between offi- cers and soldlers. Unite the soldiers to assassination of the higher of- cers. Blow up arsenals, bridges, trary and unjustified attitude of thetracks and powder magazines. (Thus the complete destruction of the army will be accomplished, and the soldiers will adopt the program of the Social "I_Y)\‘ucragic workers.)” e above quotations from th - cial orders of the Soviets are te{l;?n lll'-rul‘l,\' imnl the Lusk report of the New York Legislature's invest 1920, page 295, R nakes it plain, The United States lug forbids the NOVEMBER 6, 1926. The temptation is always alluring to read autobiography into the imag- inative works of an author. An author who becomes too irritated this tendency on the part of critics and readers would better stick to history, blography and other forms of litera- ture of fact. Though few facts are known about the life of Shakespeare (all of them are contained in about a dozen pages of Dowden’s Shakespeare Primer), the Shakespeare critics have among themselves built up a very sizable Shakespeare blography from inference drawn from his plays and sonnets. That he was unhappily married is held to be proved because the Duke says In “Twelfth Night, “Let still the woman take an elder than herselt,” and it is known that Anne Hathaway was older than Shakespeare. Shakespeare's inherent distrust of democracy is argued be- cause in Cade's rebellion in “Henry IV,” in the scene of Mark Antony’s funeral speech in “Julius Caesar” and in parts of “Coriolanus” he represents the populace as being easily swayed by demagogues. Other passages prove equally well that he distrusted kings and aristocrats. The sonnets, of course, are by many held to prove a connec- tion of Shakespeare with a lady whose reputation was decidedly stained and who came between him and his friend WAL * k k¥ It may be that the time has come for H. G. Wells to abandon the literature of imagination and to limit himself to Outlines of History and ~ther literature of fact. Certainly he shows considerable frritation in his prefatory essay to his latest novel, “The World of Willlam Clissold,” against those who insist upon finding real originals for fictitious characters and attributing to the author person- ally the views held by his creations. Mr. Wells states in behalf of his most receat character: “William Clissold is a fictitious character, and his thoughts and {deas throughout are the thoughts and ideas natural to his mental and social type. He s (to the best of his author’s ability) his own self and not his author’s self, in his emotional re- actions, in his hard wilfulness, in his faith, in his political ideas, in his judgments.” That his views some- times run very close to these of his author, Mr. Wells considers inevitable, but they should nevertheless be treated as his own; and characters {n novels are entitled to have views. “Must the characters in our English and American novels be for evermore as cleaned of thought as a rabbit is of its bowels, before they can be served up for consumption?” If he had de- sired to write at length his own views on history, politics, economics, sociol- ogy and religion, “it is a point worth considering in this period of successful personal memoirs,” says Mr. Wells, “that if the author had wanted to write a mental autobiography instead of a novel, there i{s no concejvable reason why he should not have done 50." * K ox x Mr. Wells admits that a_number of real people are introduced into this new novel, but with one exception they are mentioned and described un- der their proper names, so “this is not a roman a cle.” “Dr. Jung is made to talk in a London flat . . . the Shaw of the 80s blows into a Ken- sington evening, and Kevnes lunches with Clissold.” The late King Ed- ward and the present King of Eng- land are characterized in a wayv not likely to be popular with the British public, which will probably take the characterizations as Mr. Wells’ own view, whatever he aays in his pref- ace. “The vacuous face of our col- lective life grimaced with the pre- tensé of a solemn grief at the death of plump old Edward VII, and then went through expressions of grave ex- pectation at the accession of his worthy, consclentious, entirely un- meaning and uninteresting son.” * ok ok % ‘Western ideas and modern industry have been bringing about raptd changes in the status of Japanese women. Allen K. Faust, who has lived many years in Japan. and much of the time has been president of a woman's college at Sendai, has written a book describing and analvzing these changes. In “The New Japanese ‘Womanhood” he first tells of the old. ideals for women in Japan and then shows how they have gradually un- dergone change. Today Japanese women are entering Institutions of higher education, are giving much at- tention to physical training, are be- coming active in social work, the fine arts and industry. ok The need of every one for spiritual freedom and the tendency of human beings to make prisons for each other are discussed' by W. B. Maxwell in one of his essavs in the volume, “Life; a Study of Self.” The instinct for en- fslaving others is confined to no one group or age, according to Mr. Max- well. He says: “We ought to be clearlv aware of the need for spiritual freedom in others, even when it {s no more than a vague sensation of dis- comfort in ourselves. Affectionate solicitude may soon develop into tyran- ny, and it is terriblv easy to make prisons for those we love. One should not sav, ‘Don’t do this; don't do that.’ One should remember that ‘Don’t do s0' can mnearlv always he translated into ‘Don’t think so.’ Old people used to be the worst sort of jailers, but now that the vears have told thelr tale to me T see that the young can be rather mereiless, too. Smiling girls and genial lads are more than prompt with the chains and manacles, and surprisingly quick to lock the door on one—for one's own good.” Cities are almost alwavs wrisons, full of poisons and stifliing to thought “In these dim cold northern cities like London it is not s0 much the crowd of other peonle that numhs and oppresses the spirit as the dead thoughts that are persist. ently carried about with them. Thev nick them up and bring them to vou. Like dead leaves in Autumn the dead thoughts blow through the streets; like a fine and poisonous dust they hane in the atmosphere of com. fortahle, well warmed rooms. making one choke with weariness or faint from diseust. . . Is it odd that one should want to get away? * ok k¥ ° A search into the reasons for re- ligfous belief and an account of how helfef has resulted in various systems of religion are undertaken bv Lewis Rrowne in his book, “This Relieving World—A Simnle Account of the Great Religlons of Mankind.” The history of each great religion is ontlined and its distinguishing characteristics are vointed out. Some of the author’s conclusions are that the Oriental mind has a peculiar genius for religion, that religion is of human origin and that fear has alwavs bheen its cause. He aualifies his Iast conclusion, however, hv saving: “Relizion. instead of hav- ing been originally created to elude or conauer fear. mav have arisen quite ‘ndenendently of it. Rellelon may be an altogether primal instinct in the human race—something just as old and 'flmdnmenml and innate as fear teelf.” admission of any official bearing such propaganda. Secretary of State Kel- logg has specific information regard- ing Mme. Kollantay, supplementing the above general statement. While there is a ‘“new economic policy,” suc- reeding the original moneyless trade program, there has been no changing of spots by the political ‘*leopard” in demanding the overthrow of our Government, and the urging of as- sassination has not recalled. (Copyrighs, 1836 Wy Paml V. Coiltnss ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Q. When was Thanksgiving day first celebrated?—J. W. D. . ving day was first cel ebrated in Plymouth on December 13, 1621, and next on July 80, 1623. The fi Boston Thanksgiving was held on February 22, 1630. The first print- ed rotice was for June 29, 1676, for the State of Massachusetts. Lincoln the custom of the annual ob- servance on the last Thursday in No- vember in 1863. Q. What is snow-blindness?—C. V. A. It is a condition caused by the glare on the snow. The film of the eye becomes a water blister, which takes three or four days to heal. Q. How much do model airplanes A.’"F:s'ys' considerably in cost. vary The model planes which are used by the Army Air Corps in wind tunnels ocost from $500 to $1,000. Q. Who made the first bronze statue in this country?—N. 8. A. It is credited to Ball Hughes. It 18 a statue of Dr. Bowditch in Mount Auburn Cemetery, Cambridge, Mass. Q. Is a rainbow at night an unusual phenomenon?—C. G. T. A. The Weather Bureau says that it is an unusual phenomenon, but not what should be called a rare phe- nomenon. It only requires a shower with bright moonlight on it, when the moon Is not too high In the heavens. Q. How many theaters and moving picture houses are there in New York City?—N. R. z A. A recent count gave more than 370 theaters, exclusive of strictly moving picture places, with a total S seating capacity of 550,000 persons, and about 380 moving picture houses, with a total seating capacity of 215, 000 persons. . Q. What is the native tongue of the Rumanians?—C. S. B. A. The native language of the Ru- manians s Rumanian, a Romance language related to Itallan and the extinct Dalmatian. The language is divided into four main dialects—the North or Daco-Rumanian, which is Rumanian proper; South Rumanian or Viach, the Meglen dialect and Is- trian or Dalmatian Rumanian. Q. Where is the Forbidden Island off the coast of South America?—M. B. A. You probebly have reference to the Island of Fernando Noronha, in the South Atlantic Ocean, off the coast of Brazil, in latitude 3 degrees 50 minutes south and longitude 32 de- grees 25 minutes west. No women are allowed on this island and no one is permitted to own a boat. All inter- course with. shipping is strictly regu- lated. The island belongs to Brazil, and {s'a place of exile and imprison- ment for male convicts. Q. What must one do to get a Red Cross beginner’s button for swim- ming?—C. M. D. - A. It 18 necessary that the swimmer swim 50 feet free style, 25 feet of which is to be swum out into deep water and 25 feet back. The swim- mer must at the end of his 25 feet stand up straight in the water be- fore swimming back. You should communicate direct with your local Red Cross chapter or your Y. M. C. A. A senfor member of the Red Cross life-saving unit can award this medal. Q. What are the largest cathedrals in the world?—N. S. N. A. St. Peter's at Rome, with an area of 227,069 square feet; Seville, Spain, with an area of 128,570 square feet; Duomo, Milap, with an area of 107,000 square fett; Cologne, Germany, with an area of 91,464 square feet. That of St. John the Divine at New Yory City, when completed, will be third largest, with an area of 109,082 square feet. Q. Is Japan a good market for our cotton?—M. E. S. A. There has been a tremendous increase in the spinning industry in Japan. That country last year took over 1,000,000 bales of American cot- ton, compared with280,000 bales before the war. Japanese spinners took some 3,000,000 bales from all sources last year, compared with 1,600,000 be- fore the war. Q. I would lke to know the origin of the name Algarve, one of the smallest provinces in Portugal?— A. The Portuguese Legation says the word “Algarve’’ was used by the Moors to designate the southernmost region of the Portugal and the north- ern region of Africa. The title of the Kings of Portugal was King of Portugal and of the Algarves on both: sides of the sea, etc. Q. ‘e the government mail trucks to be made bullet proof?—s. R. E. A. Armored cabs are to be put on mall trucks. They will be constructed of steel and bullet-resisting glass. The cab has seating capacity for the driver and two guards, and Is equipped with arms apertures so designed that shots may be fired from any angle Q. How often was Poor Richard's Almanack published and what did it cost?—K. D. 8. A. Benjamin Franklin's ‘“Poor Richard’'s Almanack”™ appeared yearly and sold for 5 pence aplece. Q. What part of the cost of a ga ment is the cost of the dye " M. A census of dyes for 1925 givi such data. The average cost of tl dye in a man'~ felt hat is 1% cents, Q. How can a farmer get rid of wild garlic?—P. L. N. A. The Purdue plan consists of Fall plowing in such a manner as to bury all the garlic tops, followed by $Spring plowing and either a cultivated crop, such as corn or potata soy beans or cowpeas. The land should lle rough over Winter and this pro gram carried on for three years. Q. Do other countries use hydro gen or helium In their airships?- A E. 8. A.” Hydrogen is used in countries other than the United States for in- flating airships, Qj How fast does the quail fly? "A. 1t travels from 65 to $5 feet u second. Q. Do many States have advertising laws?—G. A. G. A. Forty States in the Union have advertising laws. Most of these laws are based on a model advertising law known as the printer's ink statute ‘The gist of these advertising laws Is that it makes It {llegal to publish any misleading statement iu order to sell any commodit; Q. How far is it from Nazareth to Bethlehem?—C. F. A. By the usual route it {s about 110 miles. Q. When did men begin wearing trousers?—M. T. G. A. It is recorded that the Aslatics, tncluding the Persians, Assyrians, Parthians and Medes, were the first ““trousered race.” The Romans looked down on the trousered peoples. In their carvings and paintings on monuments captives are frequently represented as wearing trousers as a sign of subjection. The Saxon sol- diers wore long, wide trousers some- what similar to thosé worn by sailors today. There were many different styles in the early days. For a time, during the Middle Ages and there- after, long trousers went out of style and knee breeches became the fashion. Q. How many county agents, boys and girls’ clubs and granges are there in this country?—G. B. E. A. The Department of Agriculture says they have 18 county agents, 107 assistant county agents and 156 negro county agents. The department also says that they have not the number of boys’ and girls’ clubs glven separately. The number of both boys' and girls’ clubs in the United States, however, is 41, a membership of 224,633 340,413 girls. The Nation of Amerlea says there are approxi- mately 8,000 granges in the United WYates. Q. How s of land are there in B. Y. A. The total number of acres In Florida is 89,981,440, 37.546.240 of which is land and 2,435,200 of which is water. Find out whatever you want to know. There is no room for ignorance in this busy world. The person who loses out is the one who guesses. The person who gets on is alicays the one who acts upon reliable information. This paper employs Frederic J. Haskin to conduct an information bureau in Washington for the free use of the public. There is no charge except £ cents in stamps for return postage Write to him today for any facts you desire. Address iour letter to The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, director, Wash ington, D. C. American Editors Poke Fun At Londoner’s Mars “Feat” America merely jests about the claim of Mansfleld Robinson, a Lon- don lawyer, that he sent a radio m sage to Mars and received a reply by telepathy from a woman on the earth’s planet neighbor. The story is re- garded as too absurd for serious treat- ment. Two words sent out by a powerful radio station, “‘opestinipitia secomba,” constituted Robinson’s message. “Any lonely girl, marooned off there on Mars,’ remarks the Birmingham Press, “ought to be glad to get a couple of nice words llke those all the way from a lawyer in London. But he explains that most of the messages between him and his unseen friend are exchanged by telepathy. And, radio being what it is, and the sclence of telepathy being what it {sn't, that method of communication seems, on the whole, to be more satisfactory. In case you'd like to test it, the Martian lady's name is Gomaruru. Try that on your telepathic set.” ‘The Lafayette Journal and Courler gives this version of the incldent: “Robinson of London, who has a chat- ty lady friend on Mars, declares that Martians beat Marconi to wireless, and that the inhabitants of our neigh bor planet have been aviators for a thousand years. He gets his dope from Gomaruru, and, as the girl is 40,000,000 miles away, with nothing but a telepathic come-back, it would not be chivalrous to go around back of the earth and talk about her data. ‘However, we have a feellng that Gomaruru is l:la;tia*n :’kor Sapphlra.” ~ Dr. Robinson’s statement that the words, “opestinipitia secomba,” so far as we knew, were not “in any lan- guage spoken by terrestrial beings” causes the New York Sun to conclude that “presumably that is all the more in favor of their being understood by astral beings. If they understand any words, why not ‘opestinipitia secom- ba'? Whether they are understood or not,” continues the Sun, “they are impressive, round, mouth-fliling words. 1t they don't belong to any language, g0 much the worse for all languages! Nor is it essential that the Martians should understand them. If they don't they will need only to wireless back the Martian equivalent for ‘Come again, we don’t get you.’ That alone will be sufficient to establish the main fact that there is, somebody on Mars. 1f there is no answer, why, of course, 1t is because there are no Martlans. of Mme. Gomaruru's reply, “Mmm!* in behalf of her fellow Martians, the Waterbury Republican observe ow admirably terse that observation is! How complete, and, above all, how inscrutable! Mme. Gomaruru is quite evidently u deep thinker. She shrewdly realized that ber simple ‘Mmm! would be suffi- clent to indicate that Mars had taken | note of our interest, and, of course, “Perhaps they are trying to de cipher the transmitted message,’ suggests the Nashville Banner. ceiving such a message as W mitted, thay might reasonably have set us down as not worth further at tention.” The Banner, however, feels that while ‘“science is doing wondrous things, nd “the radio reaches afar,” its scope of transmis sion v have to be considerably increased to penetrate space to Mars 1s. Which may never b continues, “and maybe it will be for the best. With Europe and its tangled affalrs on our hands, we have about as much as we are at present able to undertake. “With_two mediums of tion, radio and telepathy,” according to the Indianapolis News, ought very soon to get much more detailed information from Mars than we hava *thus far had. We should be able to get a very Interesting fashion service from Mars, dealing particularly with the length (or brevity) of skirts, the ommunica use of tur, the style of hats, the cut of trousers, ete. Schools, colleges, sports, theaters, movies—to say noth ing of politics—on all these things our people would be delighted to have detalled information. However, we should think that the problem of wave-lengths would present some dif- fleulty, even, come to think of it, in connection with telepathy.” * K X ¥ “If the London spiritualist succeeds in turning attention once more to our nearest planetary neighbor, he has done us a favor,” says the Providence | Bulletin, “but if he induces a belies that his so-called revelations are any thing more than the regurgitations of his own subconsciousness, the prominence given to his utterances is a misfortune.” The Buffalo Eve- ning News adds a complication with the suggestion that “it is too much to believe that the Martians, If there are any, use the same telegraphic code we do, that they are familiar with our Roman alphabet, and that they call their planet Mars,” while the Flint Daily Journal holds that “the difference in physical conditions on the earth and on Mars being con sidered, it is probable that any race that might exist there would be as different from the earthly pattern as day from night.” As to the nature of the incident, the Louisville Courier Journal thinks that “as wildly improbable as the theory may be that an inhabitant of our earth, least of all a staid English- man, is sighing over a girl on another planet, least of all a girl with enor- mous ears—for Robinson say: Gomaruru has such ears—it cannot be gainsaid that the telepathist ha- | laid himself open to suspicion.” The ‘L'ourler Journal concludes by coneed ing the ‘“widespread belleX that dis- ltance lends enchentment.”