Evening Star Newspaper, September 19, 1926, Page 68

rs MILLIONS SAVED THROUGH SCIENGE Irenee du Pont Points Out How Chemists Are Aiding Motonsts. Motordom can look to the chemist for millions in savings during the next few years. Irenee du Pont of the F I Au Pont ds Nemours Co.. declares in a statement ical Society on the development organic materals paralleling prog in the dye siuffs industry. “Compounds of the accelerator clas anormou increase the mileage of tives At a comparatively . and the use of tetraethy! lead will cajise an enormous increase | gallon of gasoline | nd this, toe, at he asserts triumphs. 1so have vinge.” Rubger Accelerators. Rubber the most of of chemis es.” he adde, resulied in further large s acceleratnrs he ca notable specific :. These com. . 'not enly have the curing e manufaciure of rub to a considerfhle ex- d the quality of which they are in- lis one of the prope process in her goods tent have the ribbe: corpora: My, da P"ent cited Dr, W. as authori for the estimate these cheriicals vere saving Americnn pin at the rate of $50, 000,000 1.6 2 nnum and by their speed ing 1 v nufaciuring processes have saved 1 nhbher manfacturers $30. 000,000 ional capital investment h impr into Geer that otherwise have been re- | rubber com ‘has made an inereased mileage of the oh- tha' the iires made with accelarators over mileaze wiirh wonld have heen tained without such ingredienis has I the las: ten zaregated 240, : or equivalent automobiles eavs les 2 0000 world at ite these a 121l fraction of the obtained ©f the resu! \nti-Knock Gasoline. “Another owtstanding accomplish- ment is the invention of the so-called iknee ‘or gasoline used in in nal combistion engines It 1< wel known that the thermal efficiency 1 internal compression is pur upon ture of fuel and air hefore znition. and that. unfor- tunatel. when a pressure is reached Which 1 te definite for any particu lar fue'. the nature of the explosion in the enzne suddenly changes, pro- what is known as a is oceasioned antaneous and very explosion in which a large s of the energy is given out ni energy Lo he absorbed by i1z of the cylinder and, theve- ailable for mechanical vank shaft. The critical ch induces a knock fx far that which could be easily ob- > machanically. ihomas Midgley of the Dayton ring Laboratories. in his in ion of the cause of ‘knockins.’ Aircovered that adding small amounts 2in compounds to the fuel ma- changed the pressure at which knocking was produced. He finally found ‘tiaethyl lead, whose properties in 1his regard are quite aste mounte as small as one-t&entieth cent of the fuel are ordi- sufficient to permit an increase yer cent in the initial compres ith a corresponding increase in the efficiency of the motor using it Mileage Increased 50 Per Cent. 11 i now certain that the mileage automobiles per gallon of gas can in ed 50 per cent by its use. Consequently one-third of all gasoline ned can be saved by the use of this compound “17 1t had been universally applied last vear this would have resulted in a l'n\»“t of some 3.,000.000.000 gallons ©f gesoline. One may reasonably ex ct tha' this saving 1y will be by a presst prop. vt the fore work it belo s tain of he - to the American Chem- | accomplish- | “knock’; | | high ishing. | T B S, obtained within a very few years. | will, of course, require changes muomul.lla design. “Another extraordinary uase of or- ganic compounds iz the’ combination of certain organic solvents with nitro. cellulose to form a new varieiy of lacquer. In the past two years fin- ishes of thix kind have largely sup- planted coach paints and varnishes for finishing automobhiles and are n industries. “I am advised by one antomobile hody manufacturing company that if such lacquers had not been available they would have had to spend $10. 000.000 for additional paint shops and drying equipment to take care of the increase of their business in the last | two years. For commercial reasons, presumably, they have not divulged | | the economy in operation. thorgh it i known to be very large. “The great value of the'invention has been to the uitimate consumer (the automobile owner) because this class of finish will outlast two or three applications of the old-fashioned | his not only reduces the average | per annum cost of repairing, but the | car is in the paint shop less often and by the rapid drying of the new finisn is out of use for a much shorter time. in | | POLICE DENOUNCE “LEGAL” STEALING Finance Compunies Take Cars as | Note Security and Cause | Needless “Thief” Hunts. | Special Dispateh to The Star. BALTIMORE, September 18.—"Le gal" stealing of automobiles is causing the police here considerable trouble. | When a car is reported stolen now the police first make the rounds of finance companies that specialize in financing the huying of automobiles. 17 it is found that the autcmobile “stolen” by the finance compan: “(heft” was legal, and the polic sthing more about it, accord- recent ruling of the attorney | was he ran do According to the police, the finance companies fail to report recoveries of this nature, which necessitates use- less search for an imaginary thief. Detectives sald they had been told that some finance companies paid em- ployes £15 for each automobile recov- ered from delinquent note payers. he question of the right of a loan {or finance company to employ persons to recover automobiles or other prop- erty for security was raised recently when a woman reported her car had been taken from her garage. Investigation revealed that em- ployes of a loan company had broken the garage door open and taken' the machine as security for a note. Charles D. Gaither. police commis- sioner, asked for a ruling on the legal- ity of such procedure, and was advised that the company was acting within its legal rights. GREASE HIDéS PEBBLES. Differential Plug Should Be Clean ed Before Being Replaced. When greasing the differential, par- ticular caution should be taken to see that the grease plug is clean when | put back. 1f the greasing is done outside it is a simple matter for a pebble to lodge in the plux. Covered with grease, it might pass | unnoticed, until it formed a fine abra- | sive to wear out the ring and -pinion 'Nokm' EAST & Al % | SERVI(E CREEL BROS. | 1811-17 14th St. N.W. | Potomac 473 1 It | making rapid inroads in many other THE! h A Weekly Dcpsrtment nf Help(ulness, lnfnrmnnon and Entertainment for Motor Car Owners. By WILLIAM ULLMAN. Judging the three r's by the col- legiate fiivver, one would say they ‘Kuvrr rough-riding, rickety and rusty. Reflexing the Cylinders. Radio iz teaching motordom some {new tricks. and one of them has enor-) {mous possibilities. In radio three tubes can be made to do the work of five, through a process known as reflexing. In motordom, {however, six cylinders still are con sidered preferable to four, and elght to six. Why not reflex? This is just exactly what some of the leaders are thinking about. A | six that would do the work of an| eight of equal bore and stroke, and | be just as smooth, would be a knock- out. A four that could substitute for an eight would be revolutionary. Increased, or rather renewed. terest In twocycle engines ties h thix idea of reflexing. In two- le engines, once popular, the pistons are powered every time they travel down. In the four-cycle type now universally used'there is a power push ona piston only on every other downward trip. Reflect upon_ this. The great ad- vantage of an eight i& the larger | number of piston pushes. There are no dead moments in the propulsion of the crankshaft; there being a con- stant overlapping double push. But there are dead strokes in so far as the pistons are concerned. It is to ellminate dead strokes that the two-oycle engine is being experi- mented with again. If the pistons of four cylinders pushed every time they went down something on the order of eight-cylinder power and smooth- ness would be the result. This, of course, assumes efficiency in the handling of unburned and burned gases. Machines and Machines. Modern automobiles are wonder- ful machines, but even more wonder- ful are some of the machines that make the automobiles. Some strik- Fingly interesting devices are seen in the antomobile factories. One of these is a drop forge ham- mer that weighs 140,000 pounds. The 7 in- up’| weight itself, a block of steel weigh- ing three tons, is controlled with far greater precision than many auto- mobiles. Raised by steam, it is so responsive that its operators can let it “fall” on a watch without breaking a crystal. Letting it drop in the cus- tomary way it will pound out a crank- shaft in a flash. Another amazing process seen in the modern factories is electric weld- ing, employing in some instances as mahy as 300,000 amperes of current. In one factory, an arc welding ma- chine will make a seam two to three feet long between two body panels and will do the job within a few seconds. The electrodes are as long as the joint itself. When the current is turned on, the fireworks are quite impressive, but in less time than it takes to tell about it the two pieces of metal become one. A striking fea- ture of the process is that the welded joint becomes stronger than either of the panels. As They Might Say Now. “This I call wislom—a good adjust- ment, an exact, an accurate adjust- ment, in the cosmic order and in one's car.”—Count Keyserling. “Before the car is started you should govern it; after it i{s started, it may govern you.” “He who asserts either that it is not yet time to motor or that the hour is passed, is like a man who should say that the time is not yet come to be happy or that is too late.’— Epicurus. “What kind of car you will choose depends upon what kind of man you are.”—Fichte. New Cautions for 0ld. When the cone clutch passed out of the picture as standard on the passenger automobile, the motorist Preathed a sigh of reilef because he felt that at last there would be no more grabbing and no more strip- ping of pinion and ring gears when the clutch was engaged too suddenly. With his new disc or plate clutch, he found that an occasional slip of the foot brought no particular penalty. The shock was taken up by the clutch in_most instances. What he has failed to appreciate. however, is that engines are becom- ing more powerful and accelerate so rapidly that a slip of the foot on the accelerator with a modern clutch ean strain the rear end quite as much as the rough action of the older tvpe of clutch. Passing for Safety. When is a driver justified in pass- ing the car shead? This Is a ‘question that puzzles many. Thousands of accidents are directly traceable to passing cars, ‘and yet there are more accidents re- sulting” from not passing cars when there is every reason why one should. Even the fumes from the exhaust of a worn or overoiled engine may be a menace to life and property. Any driver is justified in trying to get ahead of such a highway annoyance that he may breéathe fresh air, be able to keep his mind clear and im- prove his visibility. It is a good rule never to follow a car that has no stop-light signal or whose driver does not use signals. It is bad policy to follow cars with license plates of other States. Strangers may not know where they are going. Théy are apt to stop suddenly or deliberate at crossings. It is safer to let them- follow. Cars that are weak on hills are poor leaders. Their drivers will try to force their engines up in high gear. When the shift comes there is likely to be stalling. Even going uphill it is not always an easy mat- ter to stop short, particularly if there are other cars coming down the hill and no possible escape by passing around the stalling car at the last moment. Now You Have It. Answer to last week's questions: 1. The ammeter does not show the current being discharged when the engine is“being started. The rate is very high, in large engines running momentarily as high as 200 empere: The average is about 100 ampere: 2. The function of the carburetor needle valve is to regulate the rate at which gasoline flows from the float chamber to the jet. 3. The chiet’difficulty in carburetor design is to overcome a tendency of higher speed and greater suction to increase the percentage of gasoline to air all out of proportion. 4. The real purpose of the over- flow pipe in the radiator is to cgrry off steam when the radiator gets hot. This prevents the raising of pressure which otherwise would cause the radiator to burst. 5. The function of the spring clip is to keep the leaves of the spring from being pulled apart when the body of the car rebounds from a rough place in the road. ~ 345 SUNDAY STAR_.. WASHINGTON, - D. C. SEPTEMBER 19, 1926—PART 3. T00IL PROBLEM WIDELY DISCUSSED Crankcase Rectification Is Viewed by Engineers From Different Angles. Engineers engaged in solving the problem of crankcase oil rectification have attacked it from widely different angles. Ope school has worked on the theory that if dirt.is kept out of the lubricant in an automobile engine, or if the dirt that gets in is strained out, the diluted product wiil not be harm- ful. Another group belioWes that if gasoline and water aré kept out and the vicosity of the oll is kept up fairly well, the dirt will not be injurious. These points dre made by W. G. Wall, a consulting engineer, in the September issue of the Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers in an article in which he expresses the conviction that it is necessary to work along both lines, and either keep out or get rid of both the dirt and the dilution. Amount of Dirt Enormous. Few appreciate the enormous amount | amount of dirt that gets into the en gine, the amount of dilution that gets past the pistons or the amount of wa- ter that gets into the crankcase from condensation of the water vapor of | combustion. Any strainer that takes out the dirt helps to alleviate the | faults due to the sludge formed by | mixture of the dirt with the emulsion produced by the churning together of | the ofl and water, but to eliminate the | sludge altogether, according to Mr. | Wall, it is necessary to get rid of all the water. This is the purpose of an oil recti- fler in which exhaust gases from the engine cylinders pass through a jacket surrounding a distillation chamber into which the oil is pumped from the crankcase at the rate of about three gallons per hour. The oil is filtered and goes through the distllling ap- paratus about once every hour for an average sized crankcase. The rectifier has a lower compart- ment provided with a large ashestos fiiter sack, through which the oil must pass and which removes all of. the dirt before the oil enters the upper or distillation chamhber. Heat in this ! oil pump in | cident: chamber drives off the gasoline and water in the form of vapor, which is then drawn into the carburetor and burned in the engine. The filtered and rectified oil is then returned to the crankcase. What Rectifler Should Do. A good commercial rectifier should strain the dirt out of the oil, distill off the diluent and water, maintain the viscosity of the oil, eliminate the ne- cessity for draining the crankcase so often, increase the oil and gasoline mileage, prevent much of the wear of eyvlinder walls and bearings, permit the use of lighter grades of oil the vear round, prevent freezing of the cold weather, keep the pistons sealed and increase the com- pression and power, help to prevent | fouling of the spark plugs and pre- vent rusting and the formation of sul- phuric acid and sludge. Some of the rectifiers on the mar- ket accomplish all of these things to. a certain extent and others accomplish some of them extremely well, accord- ing to Mr. Wall, who expresses the hope that some day we shall see a rec- tifier that will accomplish all of them perfectly. 'CITY PLANNING HELD BIG ACCIDENT FACTOR | | Those Bm]t in Hone Age Have | Not Yet Become Adapted Fully to Cars, Is Claim. Better city planning is a vital factor in the movement to rediice traffic ac- according to a report on traffic planning and safety submitted to the Natlonal Automobile Chamber of Commerce by Alvin McCauley. “While the element of carelessness cannot be excused, it likewise seems clear that our cities, built in the horse age, have not yet become well adapted to the new means of trans- portation,” says Mr. McCauley “We must have more playgrounds, better parking facilities, through high- ways and fewer grade crossings. “In addition to these. much can be accomplished by a more constructive local pride which will impress each citizen with the fact that his conduct as a motorist is a reflection for good or ill upon his own city. “The process of building better cities is necessarily gradual. and the need for individual carefniness at this time ia particularly merica has not produced its equal Automobile engineers—keen analysts of motor car per- formance—were the first to begin telling one another about the wonderful performance of the Hupmobile Eight. id, had not produced its equal. One car, they declared, might compare. That was a hand- built Italian classic which costs several times the Hup- Amerlca, they mobile price. TIRE PRODUCTION SHOWS BIG GAIN 43.6 Per Cent Increase Is Re- vealed in Biennial Manu- factures Census. | Output of establishments gaged in the manufacture of rubber tires and inner tubes which reported to the Department of Commerce in the biennial census of manufactures showed an increase of 43.6 per cent in 1925 over 1923, Government figures reveal. The total output fol (ho last year was value against $644,193, period. Ohlo remains the center of the flourishing tire and tube industry, whose capital extends into the billions | Akron, with 11 tire factories. turns | out about half of the.total tire pro- | duction of the country. 1925 figures reveal. The value of products that came out of the Akron plants last vear was $480.330,347. Wage earners, ’!X(‘hml\e of salaried emploves, num. hered 43,391, and wages paid to them | aggregated $66,460.705. 44 Plants in Ohio. | Ther- were listed 33 other plants in Oh in New Jersey, 11 in Penn | l\lnll 7 in California. 7 in Tndian: in Connecticut, 5 in New York in Wisconsin, 4 in lowa, 3 in Tilinois, 3 in Maryland, 3 in Michigan, 3 in North Carolina and others in Ala bamma, Cplorado, Georgla, Massachu- setts, Minnesota. Missouri, Nebraska. Oregon, Texas, Washington and West Virginia. The whole industry employed an average of 81,670 wage earners last year, paying wages aggregating $120.- 614,081. The substantial growth it ex- perienced is indicated by the flgures for 1923, when an average of 73.9¢3 workers wus employed and wages 5 gregating $108,623.102 were pald Production in 1925 represented $52.. 138,213 worth of tires and tubes by manufacturers engaged primarily in the output of this commodity, while establishments engaged primarily in the manufacturing of other rubber goods turned out tires and tub valued at $1.853,984. Miscellaneous rubber products turned out by all these plants totaled $102,894,620. :hp -nrl(-r Now, all America is learning the facts about the unprec- edented smoothness, ease of handling, acceleration, and road steadiness of the Hupmobile Eight. Owners of the most costly cars drive it—and thereafter will not willingly drive any other car but the Hupmobile Eight. It is the product of a modern—a better engineering. And at once you seeand feel the difference when you take the wheel. Sedan, five-passenger, $2345. Sedan, seven-passenger, $2495. Sedan-Lim- ousine, seven-passenger, $2595. Coupe, two-passenger, with rumble seat; $2345. Roadster, with rumble seat, $2045. Touring, five-passenger, €1945. Touring, seven-passenger, $2045. All prices f o. b. Detroit, plus revenue tax. A comparison of performance—of upkeep cost—of driv- ing facility— will make other types which cling to the engineering of a passing day seem out of date, cumber some and clumsy. By all means investigate and know the difference between Hupmobile Eight performance, and ordinary fine car performance, before you purchase. ToGiveYourCaraBeautiful Finish Steelcote is made especially for the man who wants to paint his own car. It is easy to apply, flows on smoothly, and is self-levelling, leaving no brush marks or streaks. One coat does the work and no finishing varnish is necessary. Steelcote dries overnight. Ceontains Real Rubber ‘The rubber that is blended into Steelcote pro- duces a finish that is as permanent and durable as a baked enamel job. Sun and wind, ice and snow, even road oil and acid, do not affect its lustre. It is elastic and withstands the constant jolts, jars and vibrations that cause ordinary brittle paints to crack and chip. One quart covers a small or medium size car. Comaes in six- teen attractive colors. SOLD BY ‘Rensington: M The Wheaton s-rvlee Sta., ve. on. STERRETT & FLEMING, Inc. Home of the Certified Gold Seal Used Cars Note: New Showroom, Connecticut Ave.at S St. o B Champlain St. at: Kalorama Road Columbia 5050 2331 Nieh Other Dealers Write for Attractive Proposition | Dist. Rep., L. E. Edgecumbe, v21912 Twenty-sixth St. N.E., Pot. “52-W.'