Evening Star Newspaper, July 4, 1926, Page 18

I'HE BVENING STAR| With Sunday Morning Editlon. Pt v it Mmool WASHINGTON, D. C. BUNDAY...........July 4, 1026 O R S N THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor E; Evening Star Newspaper Company .~ s B ey ants, Ave mi Offce: 110 East 43nd 81 e : wer slldlllm ce: 14 Regent St., London, Ebfiand: The Fvening ftar. with the Sunday mam- Sition. s Severed by’ chrrer within ® city at 80 cen‘s par month: daly onir. cents per month: Sunday only. 20 conte Por month, Order may be went by mall o ephone Main 5000. Collection is made by earrier at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. 1y LIk . o 00: 1 .. TBe AT oty U o 5:00: 1 mo-. B0c Sunday only . 1 3r$800: 1 mo’: 26c All Other States and Canada. Palls and Sunday.1yr.$12.00: 1 mo..81.00 Allv Dnly . 1yl gRoen 1mo. " 28 Bunday only 1yr 0:1mo. 3¢ Member of the Assoclated Press. The Associated Prems is exclumvely entitlell 10 the use for remuhlication of all news.dle- 0 it or not otherwine cred- o local newa n, of snecial dispatches herein are also rese: District and Congress. Tn the closing hours of the session much District legislation was enacted for which the people of Washington give thanks to Congress. Several im- portant bills which had reached the conference stage and final action on which was questionable owing to the mearness of the time set for adjourn- ment were at the last moment hasten- ed through and are now laws, to the great advantage of the capital com- munity. One of these was the bill cre- ating a public utilities commission separate from the Board of Commis- eloners. Another was the bill to amend the traffic code, for which there is a most urgent need to permit an effec- tive enforcement of proper regulations for the control of traffic in the streets ©of Washington. Still another was the bill to provide for a new building for the Police Court, an appropriation for which will be sought and undoubt- odly granted at the next session. Other measures of local importance which secured final approval were that for the erection of a new bridge across Rock Creek at M street, and that ad- Justing the matters of leave and dis- ability benefits of the park and metro- politan police. Taken altogether this has been a profitable session of Congress for Dis- trict matters, though a troubled one. Recently District affairs have been under sharp discussion in both houses, particularly in the House of Repre- sentatives, One outcome of that dis- cussion is the appointment of a com- mittee of Representatives to investi- gate District affairs during the recess and report to Congress next Winter. Appointments to this committee have been announced. The members who ‘will conduct this inquiry are known to be fair and are much interested in the District welfare. They may be relied upon to conduct a thorough and an impartial investigation. In all the circumstances it is desir- able that there should be a better un- derstanding of District matters on the part of Congress and such an under- standing is most surely to be had through an inquiry that will, without seeking any object of specific attack, reach to the whole situation of Dis- trict municipal administration. If there are doubts regarding efficiency of personnel they may be cleared through direct examination of the executive offices. If there are ques- tions as to methods they can be answered in the same manner. ‘Washingtonians are confident that this inquiry, conducted as the member- ship of the committee assures, will dis- close that the District Government is sound and honest and efficient. There may be deficlencies in some of the departments of the local administra- tion, but they are in the main due to lack of forces and means. There is no reason to be concerned on the score of what this committee may find. For some time past much has been made in the course of hear- ings growing out of the charges brought against Commissioner Fen- ning in the nature of complaints by those with grievances. Now opportun- 1ty is to be afforded to all with doubts to express regarding the integrity and the efficiency of the District ad- ministration to present themselves and thelr allegations with assurance of full hearing and just conclusion. v e A great deal of satirical comment has been based on the use of money in political campaigns, some of it even frivolous. The ability to laugh in- stead of getting angry keeps the tem- per cool and promotes the ability to preserve a correct judicial attitude ‘when the time for serious action ar- rives. e The marble-playing championship at Atlantic City was won by an eleven- year-old Kentucky boy. The sporting editor is constantly compelled to broaden his information to include de- tails about a great many things be- sides pugilism and base ball. s The public is assured that Presi- dent Coolidge is not worried, A man ‘who does not interest himself intense- ly in base ball or goif or fishing auto- matically eliminates most of the human anxietles, —— . The Arboretum Bill. The bill to establish a national arboretum in the District of Colum- bila failed of passage in the House yes- ter@ay because of opposition to over- come which would have necessitated & formal vote, for which there was no time. Intimations were given that this opposition would be withdrawn 1f the measure were amended so that the cost of this project would fall upon the District of Columbia instead of the Natlonal Government. The arboretum project is strictly natfonal, having been proposed by the Department of Agricultyre. It is in no sense local, despite the fact that the site selected by the department officlals from a scientific point of view happens to lie within the District of Columbia. It was selected because of the peculiar quality of the soll and the presence there already of many varieties of native American trees. Had this pastisuler site lain a mile or- two farther north in the State of Maryland or a few miles farther south in the State of Virginia there could have been no possible miscon- ception as to the character and the status of the proposed field laboratory for the study of American flora. At no time has it ever been proposed that the national arboretum should classed or considered as a park. It is to be—it may be mentioned in the present tense inasmuch as there is every reason to expeat its creation by act of Congress, probably at the next session—a reservation of land on which experiments may be tried by the Department of Agriculture in tree culture. The public will doubtless have access to it under rigid super- vision to prevent vandalism and pil- lage. It will not be a recreation space or a picnic ground. It will be a scien- tific preserve managed and used by agents of the Federal Government in the national interest. The chief reason for expedition in this legislation is to acquire this par- ticular site, so exceptionally suited to the purposes of an arboretum, before it is exposed to further ‘invasion by realtors with their building develop- ments, their steam shovels, their gangs of treefellers. Already some of the space has been thus invaded and for sclentific purposes ruined. But the urgency for the passage of the bill at this session could not conceivably be considered as great enough to war- rant even conslderation of the pro- posal to that any part of the cost should be imposed upon the District, which will have no jurisdiction what- ever over the arboretum and save, in a most indirect manner, no use of it. ———— r— i Annuity Increase Assured. An eleventh-hour agreement on the retirement measure, placing the maxi- mum of annuities at $1,000 instead of 8720 as under the present law and $1,200 as proposed by the Senate meas- ure, Is a gratifying outcome of efforts that have been long maintained to lib- eralize the system and that appeared on the eve of adjournment to be hope- less. A dceadlock had developed in conference between the houses that seemed unlikely to be broken. Sus- plcfon was felt and freely expressed that the administration in the interest of economy preferred the complete failure of the plan for a larger an- nuity. Yesterday’s agreement on the House bill was an effective answer to that suggestion. An increase of $280 a year in the maximum annuity, while not so much #8 the annuitants had reason to ex pect. will be most welcome. All the annuitants are in urgent need of this advance in their retirement stipends. They can barely maintain themselves. They were retired at fractions of their pay on the old scale, which was low in comparison with all the other workers. Since their retirement the cost of living has advanced materially, but their annuities have remained sta- tionary until this present increase. The adoption of the House proposi- tion with a maximum of $1,000 should not be regarded as a conclusion of this matter. A further revision of the scale should be undertaken, if not at the final session of the present, then in the next Congress. But hope for such a further revision should not be aroused only to be dashed. It is suf- ficlent to be grateful for the present change of scale, which is a happy is- sue out of the afflictions of the Gov- ernment annuitants, who have been for months past kept in tormenting uncertainty. Sincere thanks are due to those who have steadfastly sought this outcome in Congress. Automobile Tags. Traffic Director Eldridge and Super- intendent of Licenses Coombs have suggested to- the District Commis- sioners that next yvear's auto tags should be of a new design. with a| maximum of four figures in alpha- | betic series. The plan, originated in Connecticut and widely copied by other States, is reported to be ex- tremely satisfactory to police and motorists alike. This proposal should be given seri- ous consideration by the Commission- ers. The small tag with few figures 1s easy to read and looks a good deal better on automoblles. The license plate at best is an unsightly affair and any change looking to both visi- bllity and appearance should be heart- ily welcomed. r—o——————— The suggestion has been made that, in order to eliminate all possible idea of ancient unfriendliness, Rudyard Kipling be invited to write some verses for “The Star Spangled Ban- ner.” He might revert to the dialect touches in his more popular poems and include some such line as “Ooray for Hunkle Sam!" o A little thing like political gossip in Pennsylvania is a matter quite unto itself and can In no way affect the en- thusiasm of the Sesquicentennial party. s Italy’s plans for print restriction may encounter a snag when it comes to censoring the writings of D'An- nunzio. oo Ticker Tape and Welcomes. For several years whenever notables and heroes arrive in New York City and are escorted up Broadway in tri- umphal procession the practice has prevailed of welcoming these dis- tinguished people by the throwing of ticker tape out of the windows of the skyscrapers in the financial district. Thousands of miles of narrow paper strips have been thus unrolled through the air. Tons of this improvised “con- fett!” have been poured upon the streets. Nobody has ever estimated the cost of this form of demonstration, but now come the officials of the New York Stock Exchange with a protest THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGT EVERYDAY RELIGION enthusiasm in this ploturesque man- ner. The city street cleaners would like to see the practice abandened, but theirs is a. feeble volce - and does not carry to the higher altitudes of trade and finance in the canyons of Manhattan, The movie people are glad to have the tapes used, for they make a stirring picture. The treas- urers of the companies that are housed along the usual line of march, however, are beginning to wonder whether after all this is a suitable form of enthusiasm. The play spirit in New York is almost invariably an extravagance. o Emile Coue. Dr. Emile Coue actually gave him- self to humanity. His death, which occurred Friday at Nancy, France, was due to overwork in his ministra- tions for the physical betterment of mankind. He literally wore himself out by his lectures and his healing sessions. His own formula of auto- suggestion which he made famous through two continents. could not save him. “Day by day, in every way,” he was doing good and drawing upon his powers inordinately. Coueism is nothing new, but it was and catchily formulated. There have been many schools of therapeutic autosuggestion. Coue was only one of numerous proponents of the idea that man holds within himself the power of health-keeping and health- restoring. He did not profess to be a “miracle man.” He was modest in his claims. All he asserted was that people could declare thelr own inde- pendence of disease and re-establish themselves. Yet he did not go so far as to induce the hope for the cure of the radical derangements that af- flict humanity. In his two appearances in this coun- try Dr. Coue addressed great multi- tudes of people. On his first visit there was a larger response to his Invitation than on his second. Un- questionably Coueism was on that first occasion more or less of a fad, but many people gained their first in- spiration of the power of self-sugges- tion and derived substantial and last- ing benefit from it. One result of his two tours of America was the es- tablishment of Institutes in many of the larger cities. This kindly man, who started as a pharmacist and became a psychol- ogist, has brought comfort to count- less people. He has passed at the age of seventy, closing an unselfish career for which his name will be hon- ored by millions. ———e—. The death of Dr. Coue removes a man who proved how far a very sim- ple idea can be made to work for hu- man benefit if tersely and intelligently expressed. The thought “I'm getting better and better” can do no harm so long as it represents a sincere per- sonal ideal and not the mere self- satisfaction of the egolst. s The fact that money 1is paid for speechmaking on any subject is not surprising. The old-fashioned temper- ance lecturers were among the best paid public entertainers, combining powers of moral suasion with native wit and genuine eloquence. ——— Psychoanalysts claim that many children misbehave because they grow lonely and discover that they can get more attention by being unruly. Miss Lenglen creates even more interest by a tantrum than by playing the match. ———— Mrs. McPherson had a successful career o long as she limited herself to plain currency and avoided starting in as a stamp collector. —————— Statistics show that prohibition is an expensive national luxury. Other atistics show that America is quite rich enough to afford it. .t SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. _ Shoot! Shoot! Let rockets fill the alr Our elation to declare, 'Mid the resonances loud, Challenging the thunder cloud, And the flashing sparks defy All the stars in yonder sky. Flery beautfes, strange and vast, Bring no rancors from the past. They send greeting far and near, Which all free men must revere. Independence we salute, In human Brotherhood! The Result. “How did that long-drawn invasti- gation result?” “About as usual,” answered Senator Sorghum. “In a resignation rumor.” The Mussolini Plan. The daily press I'll hold secure And merely advertise For only high-class literature— ‘Which 1 shall supervise. So, Shoot! Jud Tunkins says people speak of “going away For the Summer.” He doesn’t belleve there is any such thing as “going away From it.” Everybody on Wheels. “You no longer travel the road with a tin can.” “No,” answered Plodding Pete. *I saved up my tin cans from year to year until finally I got enough metal together to make myself a filvver.” Our National Institutions. ‘We'll send the rockets through the sky With joy and patriotic zest. Of institutions, by and by, Our fire department proves the best. “A talkative man,” sald Uncle Eben, “is generally willin’ to tell de truth, but can’t spare enough time f'um con- versation to find it out.” against this waste. Ticket tape is made of a good quality of paper. The ordinary string confetti is of a cheap grade. It is now proposed to sub- stitute it and to keep the downtown offices supplied with it in order to lessen the drain upon the tape stock. Warnings against the use of tape have done no good. The occu- pants of the Broadway skyscrapers 'have a passion for showing their An Inviting Field. From the Savannah Press. ‘The income tax collector may have a profitable experience looking into the returns of the Pennsylvania pri- mary. —————————e Wisdom. From the Tampa Times. It 1s & good plan to allow your heart to remain a little softer than your “head, ’ , BY THE RIGHT REV. JAMES . FREEMAN, D. D., LLD., Bishop of Washington. FUNDAMENTALS. 8t. John, viii:32: “Ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free” It was Victor Hugo who sald that the first tree of liberty was planted on Calvary’s hill. The influence that Jesus has had on the destiny of indi- viduals and nations has been a doml- nant one for over 19 centuries. Im- perfectly realized today as are His ideals, nevertheless His influence is a persistent and continuing one. Step by step the world has moved forward to recognize that His teachings have an immediate and practical bearing upon all that concerns man's well be- ing. He declared that at the founda- tion of all true liberty resided truth. The building of character or the pub- lic policy upon anything else than truth meant ultimate and inevitable failure. The recognition of truth as a basic principle is the guarantee not only of efficiency, but of permanence. No nation in human history has en- deavored more completely to embody this in the foundation of its Govern- ment than did the fathers of the Re- public. The story of that momentous period that produced some of the greatest leaders the world has known bears eloquent testimony to this fact. However we, as a people, may have departed from our early traditions, no matter how frequently we may Bave failed in observing the ideals set by these great leaders, still it is safe to say that the record of our 150 years ‘witnesses to a more persistent endeav- or to maintain unimpaired our heri- tage than has been known among other peoples and nations. When one considers not only the amazing growth of this Nation, but the polyglot char- acter of its people, it is really extraor- dinary that we have not departed further from the principles that marked our birth. The Christian religion, more than anything else, gave impulse and in- spiration to those who created our kystem of Government. We dare not forget this in any proper estimate of our life as a people. It is safe to say that this is truer of America than of any other nation in the Christian eru. The only times in which we have seem. ed to falter in our forward movements have been when this fact was obscured or indifferently regarded. No matter what later and alien elements may have entered our life, no matter what other influence may have conspired to &lve strength and power to our mate- rial development, basicly and essen- tially this is a Christian Nation. As a matier of fact, this has been con- firmed by the decisions of our highest judicial authority, the Supreme Court of the United States. 'True, we have separated church and state and there is no widespread desire to reunite them; they have distinctly separate functions. On the other hand, we have accepted the basic principles of the Christfan religion: we have ac- knowledged the fatherhvod of God and we profess to believe in the brotherhood of man. These, Christ maintained, were the great truths He came to proclaim. It were well on this great anniver- sary for us to reaffirm the faith that gave our Nation birth. We dare not trust in “uncertain riches,” nor dare we unduly assert our potential strength in men and resources. These have falled other nations where the moral character of the people has de- clined. Disclosing the fundamental principles whereon this Republc is built, we recognize justice, and clean and wholesome domestic and social life, integrity and honesty in the con- cerns of commerce, and a consistent recognition of our obligations to the nations of the world. On this glowing anniversary we shall hear much of that spirit of freedom that signally distinguished the men who gave this Nation birth. Let us cherish this spirit and maintain it un- fmpatred. but let us be solemnly re- minded that it is guaranteed to those alone who recognize that “righteous- ness exalteth a nation and that sin is a curse to any people.” No man has any right to claim the benefits or the protections of this fair land. no matter what his wealth or station, who is not willlng to pr homage to its high ideals and pur- poses. We have moved thus far along our way and we have amazed the world by our phenomenal growth. We shall continue to advance in the years that lie ahead by adhering with un- tailing fidelity to the principles that alone secure to us life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. 1f drunk with sight of power. we loose Wild tongies that have not Thee in awe, Such boastings s the Gentiles use Or Jeaser hreeds withont the 1 Lord God of hosts be with us Test wo forget, lest we forget." INDIA BECOMES MODERNIZED BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. There appears never to have been a period in the history of the world when fundamental changes were tak- ing place with such rapidity as at present. This is true of all branches of human activity and of nearly all places in the world. It is especially true of the rise of modern industrial- ism and the spread of the use of the type of labor-saving machinery which has been almost peculiarly the product of American mechanical genius. Even in those countries the names of which have been synonymous with industrial backwardness, the new era 18 making ftself felt. The movement has resulted in large measure from the changed conditions brought about by the war and by fmprovement in communication. Indeed, a land which has slumbered throughout centuries of history in a sort of contented dream is one of the most_interesting examples of what modern industrialism has done in the way of progress. A country of more than 300,000,000 people, Indla has re- mained from time immemorfal as a sort of sloth among nations, appar- ently content to while away the gen- erations in religious contemplation. True, some of her tribes have been warlike, and the story of the contests between the French and the British and the native Indians is a bloody one, but, on the whole, this population, thrée times the size of that of the United States, has never asserted it- self industrially or politically in world affairs. Isolation at an End. ‘That period seems to have come to an end, just as the age-long era in which Japan remained closed to the world at length found a terminus. Realization of this change came with surprise to the International Labor Office, an adjunct of the League of Nations, with headquarters in Geneva and branch offices at all important capitals, including the United States, although the latter is not officially a member. The International Labor Of- fice not long ago called a conference of representatives of the eight great- est industrial nations of the world. India had not been so much as thought of. When one visualized modern industry, the mills and facto- rles of the United States, Great Brit- ain, Germany, France, Italy, Poland and other similarly placed nations e into view. India was thought of merely as a vast pastoral land. But it was found on examination of statistics that so vital a change had come over that Eastern domain that she was entitled to representation. American machinery is playing a large part in this industrial renais- sance of India. All sorts of equip- ment have been exported not only from American shores, but from Great Brit- ain, Germany, France—all countries which make machinery designed to save labor and create mass produc- tion. The Sukkar Barrage. Typical of the work now going for- ward in this latest recruit to the world’s industrial nations is the Suk- age. This is a tremendous dam and canal system on the Indus River. American-made machines of gigantic proportions are at work dam- ming the river to which Alexander the Great penetrated on his famous inva- gion of the East. He marched from his home kingdom of Macedonia a dis- tance as great as from New York to San Francisco, conquering everything before him. He stopped at the Indus, then called the Fabulousus Hydaspes because it was so far afield from the known world of the Greeks that they regarded the region as more or less T ceen great excavators, elght of them the largest ever built, are at Sukkar, the point on the river where the dam, coupled with a power and canal system, is to be constructed. The mechanical excavators are taking the place of thousands of coolies, do- ing the work faster and more econom- fcally. For instance, the cost of ex- cavation by machinery is $8.25 per 1,000 cubic yards, as compared ‘with $4.45 by coolie labor — the cheapest labor in the world. The saving in time can scarcely be estimated. The excavators scoop up 5 cubic yvards at a single dip, the equivalent of five ordinary wagon loads. There are two excavators of par- ticularly huge dimensions. These have impressed the natives so strong- 1y that they have given them names. One is called the Wilson Bahadur and the other the Jacob ur. Baha- dur is the native term for champlon. ‘These great engines move an average of 80,000 cubic feet a day, and under especially favorable circumstances a record of 150,000 cubic feet has been made. One hundred and fifty million cubic feet of earth already have been excavated. Each of these big machines has 450 horsepower, and to the natives they appear more potent and mysterious than the strange pagan gods of the East. ‘The larger excavators are operated by steam and the smaller ones by Diesel engines. Thirteen more excavators have been ordered for the work, and the banks of the Indus, which once resounded with the clash of the warriors of Alexander the Great and the East rajahs, now hear the grinding of American machinery. Guide Walls Made. The lining of the banks of the Indus with stone levees above the dam site proved an exciting accomplishment. It was necessary to wall the banks with masonry to insure the river's re maining in its channel xo that the waters would be fmpounded by the dam and become availahle for power generation and for guided diversion into irrigation channels. Before the work was completed the river hegan to rise and the contractors raced with the stream. Tier on tier of stone was lald, but the river kept rising. Un- remitting labor was required to keep the walls ever above the rising crest. At times the masons worked up to their knees in the flood. The stone laying continued day and night. Al- though the flood was the highest on record, the masons won, having laid 750,000 cubic feet of stone in six weeks. These guide walls are 3 miles long. Modern machinery has been em ployed, too, in the quarrying of stone, a tedious process when only antiquat ed hand methods are used. Tremen- dous band saws are set up, running in a complete circuit. The teeth are lowered on to the sections of stone to be cut and the saw started. The glittering _steel belt eats steadily through the stone and disengages blocks of precigely the size and shape required. ~ A 180-horsepower engine operates each saw. Blocks of stone varying in weight from 5 to 25 tons are quarried in this manner. Millions of Acres. ‘The Sukkar Barrage is some 400 miles from the mouth of the Indus and about 3 miles from the town of Sukkar, which is in the historic province of Sind. When the project is completed 6,600.000 acres of arid and waste land will be brought under cultivation. The irrigation will extend for a distance of 175 miles toward Hyderabad, and the region reclaimed will be greater than the cultivable area of Upper and Lower Egypt com- bined. Thus, while the great ma- chines take the place of coolle labor, they will produce a situation where thousands will find employment in the cultivation of what has for centuries been a desert waste. The Sukkar Barrage is but one in- stance of the use of modern industrial machinery in the new India. Steel mills, textile mills, blast furnaces, fac- tories of all sorts are springing up in the rejuvenated land. India is so rapldly becoming industrialized that a tariff has been erected for protection against the competition of the older established industrial nations. But a lewldye:.rn ago Budch a development ‘woul ave seemed nothin, Pt g short of THINK IT OVER onsult Your Great-Grandfather, By William Mather Lewis, [President George Washington University| Can you without considerable thought give the maiden name of your great-grandmother on your mother's side? If you can you are an exception to the general rule of people in America. Ancestor worship is not a habit with us. And ancestor worship is not a bad thing. When the home disintegrates the Nation is near dis- solution. The home is always strengthened by pride in family tra- dition. If father would keep a diary, giving a running account of the ac. tivities of his family during one gen- eration, and would hand it on to his son to continue and so on down, what an interesting record it would make in a few gerferations! Israel Zangwill onee said that Americans are the best half-educated people in the world. And we are that, because in our busy and en- grossing lives we do not take proper note of the past. We love to boast that we are self-made men and women. But we are nothing of the kind. Behind us stretch generations that have struggled and suffered and achieved that we might enjoy the fruits of their labor. President Max Mason of the Uni- versity of Chicago recently defined education as the application of the lessons of the past to the problems of the future. That family is a source of strength to the educational and social fabric of America which honors noble ancestry and maintains the traditions of the home. (Copyright. 1926.) \ -tion to recommit. Capital Sidelights As Congress nears the day of ad- journment many persons are mysti- fled by the speed with which some legislative proposals are disposed of and the vexatious delay regarding some pet measure of their own, which they are anxious to have passed. The writer of this column has been asked to trace the progress of a bill: The committees necessarily wield a large power over legislation in its early stages, and it 18 quite as much a selective as a constructive power. When it is stated that as many as 33,310 measures have been introduced in a single term of the House, we can form some idea of the magnitude of the work cut out for the committees. The process followed when a meas- ure is introduced in the House may be briefly described. The bill is first dropped, let us say, by Mr. X into a basket on the clerk’s desk known as “the hopper.” The Speaker's clerk ®goes through the batch of new bills and assigns the X bill to the commit- tee having jurisdiction. The bill is numbered and proper records are made of its introduction and the bill is sent to the Government Printing Office, where a number of coples of it are struck off. The coples are deposited in the document room of the House, where. they are procurable by the members. ‘The committee considers the bill at one of its periodic meetings and de- cides whether to report it in its origi- nal form or to report it with amend- ments. Sometimes extensive hearings on the bill are accorded its friends and opponents. Let us assume that the committee approves the X bill either with or without amendments. It is then reported to the House by the committee, with a recommenda- tion that it be passed. The clerk re- celyes it and refers it and the report to the calendar. If it is a public bill, involving a charge of money or prop- erty, it is referred to the calendar of the committee of the whole House on the state of the Union. If it is merely a public bill it goes to the House cal- endar, and if a private bill to the | private calendar. More records of it | are now made, and if it has been amended in committee another batch of copies is printed currying the cal- endar number and showing the pro- posed amendments. Numerous are the ways provided by | the House rules for taking up a bill | once it is on the calendar, depending | upon jts nature, whether privileged or not. It may be taken up by unani- mous consent, may be called up on a calendar Wednesday by direction of the committee reporting it, may be passed under suspension of the rules, may come up on certain days if it is a private bill, or may take precedence over other bills if it is an appropria- tion or revenue bill. And If, in the view of the rules committee, the bill deserves prompt and speclal consid- eration, that committee may bring in a rule for its immediate considera- tion and prescribe the terms under which it may be considered, overrid- ing all rules save the rule for a mo- Ordinarily the du- ration of the debate is determined b the importance of the measure. The discussion is generally opened by the chairman of the committee in charge, and unless a specified time has been set for debate, it is ended by a mo. tion for the “previcus question.’ _The X bill being passed, that fact is certified by the clerk of the Hous and the certified copy is carried b; him to the Senate, where, after cer- tain formalities, it is received by the Vice President and by him referred to the Senate committee having jurisdic- tion of the subject matter. Here it undergoes another process of exam ination. The Senate committes, in liberty to shelve or “‘pigeon- hole it,” to approve as it stands, or to make amendments of its own. If approved or amended, the X bill is re- ported in due time to the Senate. If passed by that body, it is returned to the House. ' If the bill has been amended by the Senate and the House accepts the amendment, that ends the matter, and the bill is signed by the Speaker and the Vice President and is presented by the committee on enrolled bills to the President for his approval or | rejection, as the case may be. But if. on the other hand, the House dis- agrees to the Senate amendments, the enate is so informed, and if it still insists upon its amendments, each branch appoints representatives to a joint conference committee, which is charged with the duty of compromis- ing the differences between the two bills. The committee nearly always reaches an agreement, and its report is almost invariably confirmed by the vote of the two branches. This 18 an outline of the progress of an ordinary measure to final adoption. In the case of bills of major impor- tance, as, for example, a general tariff bill. not only the House ways and means committee, to which such legis. lation is confided, but the Senate finance committee, which exercises a corresponding function for the upper branch, holds public hearings for the discussion of the legislation in hand. It sometimes happens that the Senate MEN AND One of the most picturesque Amer- icans of all time, and the only Ameri- can citizen ever to exercise complete sovereignty over an alien nation, passed on to his last reward in the death of Sanford Ballard Dole, the ‘“‘grand old man” of Hawail. The no- tice of his death seemingly caused but a ripple on the surface of these modern times, but a generation or more ago the name of Dole was ring, ing around the world. Almost single-handed he overthrew a kingdom and flung the Stars and Stripes to the breeze in that mid-Pa- cific station without which today the United States would feel itself open to attack at almost any point along the Pacific Coast. Sanford Dole, stalwart American, son of a New England missionary, not only ousted royalty from its throne, but he later defled the man- date of an American President. Nor was it a week-kneed President whom he defled. It was none other than Grover Cleveland, who had ordered Queen Liliuokalani restored to her crown and scepter. But Dole, who had become provisional ruler of the Sandwich Islands, and who saw farther into the future than the folk in Washington, mereiy smiled as Queen LIl wept. Possibly Mr. Dole, of the rugged, giant stature and the flowing white beard of a prophet, might have lost his battle with Grover Cleveland if Queen Lil had shown a little more discretion. But one day, according to the legend which has been handed down, she was asked what she would do to Mr. Dole and his associates in the “‘revolution” if she were restored to the throne. “They are traitors and they shall be beheaded!” she replied in majestic splendor. But beheading a score of the leading American citizens of the islands was not on the American pro- gram and Lil's crown was lost forever. Dole was regularly elected Presi- dent of the Republic of Hawail, re- taining his American citizenship all the while. Later, when the islands were annexed to the United States un- der a territorial form of government, Dole ‘was made the first governor. | Still later he became a Federal judge in the islands and remained on the bench until the time of his death, at the age of 82. In some respects Sanford Dole was a sort of island Theodore Roosevelt. He, in fact, pointed a way in 1893 in Hawall to what President Rooseveit accomplished more than a decade later in Panama. Both were strong men— men of action and achievement. Both were plous men, in their way, and both were beloved by those with If Sanford Dole had lived in the United States instead of the mid- Pacific, he, too, might easily have become President of the United States. Although he seldom came to Wash- ington, Judge Dole is well remem- bered in the Capital City. It was in 1895 that he visited the Capital in the strangely dual role of an American citizen and the President of a foreign nation. He came to consult with President McKinley about annexation. There was lively controversy at the | time as to whether or not Queen Lil | had been rightfully dethroned and as This and That By Charles E. Tracewell. Sunday was an exciting day in the garden for Jack Spratt and his friends. 3 In the first place, the humming bird returned. In the second place, the Ismene bulbs sent their fleshy green shoots through the soil. Old and new friends greeted us on every hand. | Jack, the cat, lashed his striped tail !in welcome, as the shimmering green bird, most fairylike of its kind, winged its way over the yard. Last Sunday was a pretty day, as you will remember, just the sort for the first appearance of the humming bird in 1926. Of course, we all felt that it was the same creature that graced our gar- den last vear. We wonder if it is? Not being experts on humming birds, we had no way of telling whether he was the selfsame bird that haunted our gladioli last Summer, or if he were another of the same spe- cles. At any rate, he is a humming bird, | with gossamer wings, long bill. small | body, intent on dipping his way into all bell-shaped flowers, fanning his wings at such a rate that he can goilo perfectly motionless before a lossom. If any living thing can be sald to and House committees are far apart in their final conclusions as to the de- tails of grave measures, and in such cases a heavy responsibility is intrust- ed to the conference committee. More and more in both houses the powers of the conference committees are be- ing curtailed. * ok ok K Whenever a few moments can be spared these days by Speaker Long- worth from his official dutles as pre. siding officer in the National House of Representatives, he is kept busy pos. ing for a bust which 1s veing executed in the Speaker’s office in the Capitol by Moses Dykaar, a Russian sculptor, who Is soon to get his Ameticanship papers. It was Dykaar who did the marble bust of former Speaker Champ Clark, which was recently unveiled and which occupies a pedestal in the cor- ridor leading from the House of Stat- uary Hall. He has also done busts of President Coolidge, Hudson Maxim, Senator Owen and Maj. Gen. George O._Squier. ] It is the expectation of his friends that the bust of Speaker Longworth will eventually occupy a place in the Capitol. ——— New Figure, Old Millions. From the Cincinnat! Times-Star. The days of Harriman and Hill and Huntington are over, and in their places Arthur Curtiss James looms as the dominant figure in Western transportation. It transpires that Mr. James is the largest stockholder in Western railroads, holding a con- trolling interest in the Western Pa- cific and a very substantial interest in_other raflroads. Yet the financial structure of Mr. James has its foundation deeper down than the present. His father was D. Willis James, one of ‘the more quiet figures of the Wall Street of a genera- tion ago. From him Arthur Curtiss James inherited a controlling interest in the Phelps-Dodge Corporation, one of the great copper mining corpora- tions of the world. From him Arthur Curtiss_James inherited his holdings in_the Hill-Morgan systems. The recent control of the Western Pacific was but a maneuver of great wealth long established. The finan- cial soul of D. Willls James goes marching on._ The spotlight of pub- licity merely has discovered a long established fact. ——————— Mennonite Buttons. From the Columbus Dispatch. Credit for lubllltuth:fi buttons for the hook and eye by the Mennonite should be gived to the male bloc, our experfenes leads us to belleve. “stand on the brink of nothing” it 18 the humming bird. He approaches the flower he likes at a pace verging on_80 miles an hour. Just as the beholder expects to sée him dash .himself headlong against his favorite gladiolus, the humming bird puts on the brakes, in a manner of speaking, and stands still In the air, almost as if he had struck some invisible bumper. * % % * At a respectful distance one may watch the incessant flutter of the bird's thin wings, as fast as the whir of an electric fan, except in a back and forward movement instead of circular. There, at its ease, the humming bird sits on nothing, contemplating the great pink flower, its six petals invitingly open. “He is after honey,” some optimpist is likely to exclaim, but truth makes it necessary to de- clare that the bird is after minute inseets which live in the hearts of many flowers, and which are prac- tically Invisible to our eyes. The cat hopes to be able to catch the little fellow this Summer, but in all probability will have no_better success this season than he did last when 10 feet was the nearest he ever got to the bird. * % ¥ * The Ismene bulbs were put in.the ground 16 days before. Each bulh was about the size of a base ball, each with one or more shoots already sprouting. The bulbs were purchased on the strength of a laudatory notice in a garden book, to the effect that the Ismene ought to be the joy of every amateur gardener, as it blooms in three weeks. This Summer-flowering bulb s listed in the catalogues as Ismene, or Calathina, or Hymenocallis Cala- thina, or Peruvian daffodil. It is described as bearing beautiful white flowers. p Day after day we walted for the | Ismenes, as we called them, to show their sprouts above ground, and day after day were disappointed. Once we even grew impatient and dug down to find that the shoots were on their wa This practice, as a rule, cannot commended. Going into the garden early Sun- day morning, we saw something green had split the ground. 'Twas the Ismen Days follewing showed them pushing up eagerly, broad and solid, looking for all the world like small pickles. If they bloom in_ six weeks we will be satisfled. In addition, as every gardener likes to have some- thing no one else has, we wonder if any one else in the District of Columbia is growing this flower? Jack Spratt gave a snuff at the shoots . and turned to con- template the humming bird. But ‘whom they came in constant contact.’ AFFAIRS BY ROBERT T. SMALL. to Dole's action in defying Grover Cleveland. But the visiting President of Hawail was received with full mili- tary and diplomatic honors. He stop- ped at the old Arlington Hotel. Thers were exchanges of calls between the ‘White House and the hotel and a State dinner. Judge Dole, although he did not know it at the time, had really paved the way for the Roosevelt Panama coup of a later day. The judge and his fellow “conspirators” in Hawail had arranged for speedy recognitior They had hardly called upon Queen Lil and told her she was through when the American Legation issued a note “recognizing” the new de facto government of the Sandwich Islands. Later, when the Panama rvepublic split . away from Colombia and arose to existence overnight, T. R. al ready had dispatched his formal rec ognition. President Cleveland, after dispatching a “paramount commis sloner” to Hawaii, repudtated the r ognition extended by the Americ: minister, but the new republic was well on {ts way by that time and the American residents of Hawali had no intention of returning to the rule of royalty. ‘Washington is wondering if some recent court-martial sentences are carrying out the old theory of lettingz the punishment suit the crime—and if 80, what There was, for instance, the his torie court-martial of Col. Willlams of the Marines—the colonel who enter tained Gen. Smedley Butler, his new commanding officer, at dinner, and starting the meal with hooch, ended the evening, theorstically at least, in the hoosegow. ‘That court-martial cost the United States Government a pretty penny High officer - were sent all the wav across the country to sit as judge Travel allowances and other expenses brought the cost into the thousands, if not the tens of thousands of dollars There was much expert testimony as to how much a man could drink with out getting drunk—if an The result of the great issue was virtually a slap on the wrist for tne colonel, and therefore a complete vin dication for the general who brough: the charges and was much criticized for doing so. Col. Williams was re duced four numbers in his grade. Now comes the court-martial of Capt. Devalin of the Medical Corps of the Navy, who was charged, among other things, with putting his horse to bed one night In gaudy silk pa Jamas. Just what a seafaring medico was doing possessed of a horse—or of silk pajamas—did not appear in the evidence, but, In any event, the cap- tain was convicted on the most minor of the charges and specifications and was sentenced to the cruel punish- ment of a loss of three numbers in his grade. Of course, the loss of these numbers might in the end prove fatal to ex pected promotion, but on the surface they do not seem to point to such an end, and taken in conjunction with the acquittal some time ago of two Navy nurses accused of bringing lig our into the United States on a transport, the sentences being doled out in the Navy and the Marine Corps are rather significant—but, again, per- haps they are not. Who knows? (Copyright. 19: Fifty Years Ago In The Star Samuel H. Tilden of New York was nominated by the Democratic party g for President at St Tilden and n Louls on lhedbilh of ks, June, 1576, and on the Hendricks. 10" 5" the ticket was completed by the nomination of Thomas A. Hendricks of Indiana for Vice President, the latter having been Tilden's _chief contestant place. The Star of June 29, 1576, says of the ticket: “The Democratic ticket posses: elements of peculiar strength and peculiar weakness. While Mr. Tilden is put forward as pre-eminently a re form candidate, and has claims to that character through the reforms he has carried out of late in his ad- ministration in New York, yet it one-half that has _recently been alleged against him by members of his own party be true, his record as a whole will show him to be anything but a reformer at heart. It is probable, however, that he will recelve the support of many who advocate reform, on the ground that his official acts as Governor of New York afford the best test of hix sincerity and of what his course would be if placed in the National Executive chair. He will probably «ivide witi Mr. Hays the German vote, a vote that, had any other of the leading can didates at St. Louis been nominated ‘would doubtless have gone almost en tirely to the Republican candidate. It is scarcely possible that the intense animosity displayed towards him by leading members of the Democratic party in New York will be allayed so that he can receive the united vote of the Democratic party in that State in November. The same may be said in regard to the bitter opposition mani- fested toward him in several of the ‘Western States. His war record is also vulnerable and he will probably fail to secure that full vote of the war Democrats that Hancock would have done.” * 3 - Public opposition to secret proceed ings by the District school board re- Secret School cently manife ‘ed in cunnec!h{n‘ with the proposal to cre- Management. il 3" Committee of the whole runs back for many y Half a_century ago a protest was ex pressed to executive session methods in school administration. The Star of June 30, 1876, sa. “The community interested in our public schools will learn with surprise and indignation that the clique in our school board, who last year tried to effect a change of certain teachers by an underhand secret process, are un dertaking the same project this year, and are already boasting that by adrolt management they will be able to effect their purpose. The public, we say, will learn of this underhand plot ting in our school board, to effect cer tain schemes, with surprise and indig. nation, because in all time past the proceedings of our school boards have been transparently honest, frank, open and above board. Until recently the position of school trustee has been one in which the office sought the man and not the man the office. Our best citizens were selected for the position, accepting the laborious task, serving without pay or emoluments or ‘pickings’ of any kind, simply out of devotion to the best interests of our public schools. But within a few vears we have had the spectacle pre- sented of certain obscure persons, wholly unknown to the body of our citizens, and having no fitness what- ever for the place, seeking for the po. sition with unaccountable eagerness, considering that there is no salary at- tached to the office. Some of these persons have by brazen cheek and per- sistent lobbying got on the board, and though forming but a small portion of the membership. they have by insid- fous engineering managed to carry many of thelr points. —————————————— we, who are interested in’ the Peruvian daffodild as well as the ¢ humming bird, would like to hear from any one who has ever grown" this bulb. *