Evening Star Newspaper, February 7, 1926, Page 69

| Part 4—4 Pages -WASHINGTON, D. C, SUNDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 7, ~ Washington Mecca for Base Ball Moguls : Hoff Again Breaks Pole Vault Record MEET TUESDAY TO ADOPT ADDS HALF INCH TO MARK HE SET THURSDAY NIGHT PLAYING DATES FOR 1926 American League Club Owners to Decide at Session Here Whether Pitchers Shall Use Resin—Pos- sibility of Trades Interests the Fans. Other Foreign Stars Defeated—Connolly Captures Hunter Mile—Maryland Takes Relay Race From Bowdoin by Good Margin. BY DENMAN THOMPSON, Sports Editor. The Star. By the Associated Pre 0.—One and anoth B OSTON, tonight in the thirty-seventh running of t stars met defeat, and ficld games of the Boston Athleti¢ Associ Charley Hoff. world champion pole vau indoor record by aring 13 feet inches. inch Thursday night in New York Hubert Hout sprint champi d fourth and last time in his Ameri was defe | dash semi-fina! Adrian .Paulen of Holland, still we | after his recent voyage. finished in the 1 the 660-1 As fast a field of indoor high hurdlers as was ¢ ible for the seven times equalling of the 1 the 45-yard distance. . The Norwegian established his new {world indoor vault record after Sabine | Febru: cord wa MERICAN LEAGUE ciub owners gather here Tuesday. Adoption of playing dates for the ccming base ball season and consideration of proposed changes in the constitution are the officially announced ikely the moguls will record their attitude toward the - of resin. by pitchers. and they undoubtedly will indorsement by the National League of Kencsaw Moun- a new 10-year term as comrmissioner. But it is in the trades being effected that this session chiefly interests o r world record reasons. It also is new rule mi discuss the recent ain_Landis for sibility of 1e fans Aside from the swap proposed by the Washington club whereby Pitcher Fred Heimach would be obtained from Philadelphia in exchange fielder Tex Jeans no deals are definitely known to be on the fire, any time two owners meet the chance for a trade is presented, and as 1 cight of Ban Johnson's official family will be representet here, followers ill keep their ears attuned for developments. | cai f Yal t ! h " arr of Yale, intercollegiate champion, tle likelihood of the con | had matched him leap for leap up to i & MISS BROWNE WINS | | £ L op fger FUSY i SRR R R last but a few hours. Adop- NET TOURNEY FINAI. s 4o 5 |a ght 2 Be He set Ger OLD LINERS RUN AWAY FROM BOWDOIN'S TEAM BOSTON, Mass., 6.— University of M 2 me to Boston today after hover Dartmouth, Pe iva d Bos- ton € » in New Yo and gained another : i { | . e w. space be of the schedule itself will take no o Sl > at all, as it is merely a formality as he salled over. iance for protraction lying in ! Murchison Wins Again. victory v ct the resin ball proposition and the commissionership are to be con- Due to the recent action of the joint s committee it now is officially tten into the code that the use of resin by pitchers, under the super- fon of the umpires, is legal. It is not compulsory for the American T.eague to take advantage of the op- portunity. however, A whether it will do.so is the question to be de cided at the confab here. May Prove Entering Wedge. A great majority of the American aguers are opposed to any official recognition being accorded the use of Tesin on the score that it will prove | the entering wedge for utilization of illegal pitching methods that have Deen barred by the legislation against T deliveries. dnce give the pitcher this wedge,” as one magnate has put it, “and it will be the old days of shining the Dall all over again. The pitchers will learn to go the limit once they have a sack of resin with which to play. It is a_serious step backward.” = The fear expressed in many quar- ters that the “regulated” use of resin will in itself cause an immediate and pronounced decline in hitting appears unfounded, however. Pitchers never have ceased to employ resin, as the resence of a sack of it on the bench alwavs has been countenanced, and in delving into it to “dry their hands’ most pitchers have more or less care- lessly permitted some of the substance | went to deuce. By the Associated Press. 5 NEW YORK, February 6.—Mary Browne of New York, former ha- tional champion, defeated Martha Bayard of Short Hills, N. J, in the final round of the Heights Casino ten- nis tournament today, 6—3, 2—§, 6—4. Miss Browne combined a driving, back court game with a brilliant net exhibition to overcome the steadiness of Miss Bayard, who recently elimi- nated Mrs. Molla B. Mallory from the tournament. The match required two hours to play, during which most of the games M tional No. 7. 3 Browne ranks No. 6 in the na- ratings, with Miss Bayard L = 1y Throughout the United States there are no fewer than 10,000 foot ball coaches and trainers in high schools and colleges. the five high scores counting. In the group of fair sharpshooters representing the 01d Line institution at College Park pictured beth Corkins, Helen Beyerle, captain; Mary Jane McCurdy, Julia Behring, Drothy Murray, manager. Anna Dorsey, while the insets at the right depict Thelma Winkjer (top), Alma Essex (center) and Betty Misses Amos, Behring, Dorsey, Beyerle, Winlkjer and McCurdy made the scores which figured in the victory. Ten shot in each of the three stages, with (lower). , in the back row from left to right—Eliza- nt row shows Mai GRANGE GETS YANK PARK | BASKET BALL GAMES. FOR PRO GRIDIRON HOME By the Associated Press. D ETROIT, Fe.bl.'uary 6—Collggiate gridiron stars are barred hereafter | from participating in professional foot ball games until after | 16 At Georgetown—Georgetown, 24; e Washington—Catholic U., 42; George Washington, 31. At Charlottesville—Virginia, 34; Maryland, 2 At Annapolis—Navy, 31; fina, 30 (two extra periods). At West Point—Columbia, 30; Army, orth Caro- At Ithaca—Pennsylvania, 27; Cor- MARYLAND CO-EDS ANNEX NATIONAL RIFLE HONORS C made from the National |and | ry Gause, Anita Peters "“‘l,mm-k, For Murphy it wa 0-ED sharpshooters of the University of Maryland captured the C. national women’s gallery championship which was shot inJanuary, according to an announcement Loren Murchison won the final of | the 40-yard dash for the six sive vear. He finished a y: of the field. one-fifth of a s r than the world record of onds. Behind was Miller of Ha 1°. Morgan Tay 1llinois equaled the world rec in winning the 45-v John P. Murp and Carl Christiersson, N were close on his heel In both of the hur in four of th world record was Taylor and | Murphy, who was already joint holder | of the world record, equaled the mark | twice. { Christiernsson, who has twice equal- ed the world mark, with Herb Meyer clubmate, also touched the 6-second the third | time he has stepped the distance in rec- | ord time in eizht days. Houben ran a dead heat in the pre- iminary 40-yard dash with G. L. Mit- tledorf of Colby. to tie for second place. Francis Hussey, Boston Col- Iege sprinter, led the way. But in the semifinal Houben was eliminated en he finished fourth. Miller of Harvard won this event Jimmy Connoily of Washington, D. C.. won_the Hunter mile by 20 g from William Goodwin, New York A W. C. Baldwin of the Boston A A, was third. It was Connolly’s first Victory in the event after finishing Rifle | second five times. Charles Major, negro jumper of Co- doin Colle eston AL to run i, but iust Bow over no- beating the crack relay team in th ganies (onight. E 1 was suppose tmout} was switched to ¢ doin, which after i ¢ last year it od as an opponent. nd probably did not know about Bowdoin’s reputa- tion, though, because it took the lead on the second relay and grad- ually opened a wide gap. It won the event by 30 yards. Thomas ran first for Maryland and finished 5 yards to the good. Matthews opened up 10 yards and Endslow added 10 more. It was a rather hollow victory for the Southerners over t was supposed to be as good as the v England States offered. Paul New Yo Tiiinois A. C . Time lhei}' class has been graduated, under 2 rule adopte: representatives of the 20 clubs of the National Foot Ball Lea, annual session here. The action, which was unanimous, Association headquarteps vesterday afternoon. { an)—Won a #e Yo erday | burn Classical Institute, won the hizh [ George Washington Univessity took second place and the University | jump with 4 leap of 6 feet 3 inches of Washington, last year’s title winners, claimed third honors, having ex- | Alan Helffrich shot out in front und s . 1 . o i 1 vay. ning the changed positions with the Marylanders, who were third last season. g e e Wlng e to adhere to some part of their uni- #orms, where their pitching paws came into contact with it while they were on the slab. yracuse—Syracuse, d today by | pell, 16. gue, in semi- | 36; Michi- | gan, 3 At | At Norman—Oklahoma, 30; Grinnell, P s ap) —Won was a direct result of the ap- | 19. Teen e No Overnight Stars. For this reason the apprehension that under the new rule flingers will be able to develop more baffling de- liveries and, as a consequence, that the heavy hitting of the past few seasons will cease instanter appears stified. The real leaders of the ng fraternity, such as Johnson, Pennock, Gray and Blankenship, will continue at the top just so long as they retain their ability, and there is 1o reason to believe that a flock of second-string hurlers will become stars overnight simply because they are permitted to put their hands on 4 sack of the amorphous substance un- der the eagle eve of an arbiter. The National League already has Fone on record as in favor of the rule h removes resin from the boot- ring category. In the next world series 1t is assured the pitchers of the team representing it will b openly resinous. Whether the Amer- jcan League will permit its hurlers o be handicapped by having to re- zard the stuff as contraband is what moguls of the younger circuit must decide. League Stands Challenged. Politically the meeting here Tues: day has possibilities, as the action of the National League in pledging it- self to vote for continuing Judge Landis in office for a decade after his present contract expires—a year from next Fall—really constitutes a direct challenge to the American league. + Recently there have been rum blings in the latter body indicatin; that a movement was on foot to drop Landls, or at least terminate his autocratic powers and make him merely a member of a governing commission of three or more mem- bers. With Landis now assured of the unqualified support of the National Teague, it would appear that any effort which might be made by the adherents of Ban Johnson to place him or any other candidate in power is doomed to failure. American Teague owners unquestionably are resentful of the action taken by the parent circuit and some verbal fire- works may be set off in the star chamber session here, but it ls| +doubtful if the noise will be audible outside of the conference room at the Hotel Washington. Soclal aspects of the powwow will include a dinner to be tendered visiting moguls by officials of the local team at the Racquet Club Tuesday evening. This will afford further opportunity for activity in | the ivory market, and if none mate-! rializes the fans will display precous iittle interest in the 1926 schedule meeting. GEORGIA U. NINE BOOKS 24 CLASHES FOR SPRING * ATHENS, Ga., February 6 (®.—| Twenty-four games are included in the e bal] schedule for the Univer- sity ia, Dr. S. V. Sanford, chatrman of athletics, announced to- day. The Bulldogs wiil play 12 South- ern Conference games. The schedule follows: . Ohio State: 24- Auburn, 26:27. Fort Benning. &t Colum: DUy 1, Auburn: 7-8. Tech. at Atlanta Athens: 14-15, Pech, at Athens or Atlanta. SPORT EVENTS CANCELED. ANNAPOLIS, Md., February 6.— Two events were struck from the Navy sport schedule this afternoon on account of cancellations by their spponents. Washington and Lee wired that ft could not send its wrestling fwam. On school the New Yark Military Aca ccount of illness at the & pearance as a professional of Harold (Red) Grange last Fall immediatel after his college foot ball career was STARS TO COMPETE IN ALOY MARATHON Any doubt as to the high caliber of the competition thit will be en- countered by Washington runners in the Alovsius Club 10-mile modified marathon on February 22, was als- pelled yesterday, when Dan Hassett, chairman of the race committee, an’ nounced the receipt of a letter from the Cygnet Athletic Club of East Portchester, Conn., stating that a team of six men has started training for the big holiday event. One member of the Cygnet team is Whitey Michaelsen, winner of the Washington Post marathon held here on March § of last year. Michaeisen is one of the leading distance runners. of the country, while several of his team mates also are well up the ranks of harriers. The third of the serles of practice runs preliminary to the 10-mfle jaunt is to be held today at 11 o'clock at Plaza track. All registered athletes of the city are eligible to compete in, the 5-nifle affair. ‘Entry blanks for the holiday run may be had at the Aloystus Club or Spalding’s. _Registration blanks also SEXTET HATCHETITE ‘ISBEATENBY W. & M. WILLIAMSBURG, Va., February 6. —George Washington University's girl basket ball team was defeated by William and Mary College tonight by the score of 20-14. The Indianettes atoned -for .last year's 4537 defeat by the National Capital quintet, It was the victors® first game of the season. The game was featured by good passing by both teams, but - George Washington could not cope with the goal shooting of Capt. Love and Eth- ridge. At half time Willlam and Mary led 17-11, Three of the six field goals made by Young, George Washington forward, were one-pointers. Cate, Faunce and Young starred for George Washington, while Love, Eth- ridge, Thompkins and Burke played best for the winners. George Washington lined-up as fol- lows: Ewers, right forward; Young, left forward: Jackson, center; Cate, substitute center; Faunce, right guard, and Havings, left guard. ARMY WINS FOUR EVENTS AND IS BEATEN IN THREE WEST POINT, N. Y., February ¢ (P).—Army gained victories in four sports and lost in three others here to- day. The Army defeated Virginia Military, .12 to 9, at wrestling and & to 2 at boxing, won from Syracuse in a swimming meet, 34 to 28, and con- quered the Ramp Valley Club at polo, 17 to 0. Columbia. won at basket ball, 30 to 16; Boston Unliversity captured a 3-to-0 hockey verdict and the Columbia fencers won, 11 to 6. American Basket Ball League. - (Second Serles.) N i% Teams. W.L. Pct. Teams. W.L. Glevoland.. 10" i A Wash'gton 0 0 .000 v Brooklyn.. 0 0 0 Rochester, 0 0 Ay Games Ton! " Clevetand at Brooktsn. . emy was not able to send jts baske Dball team to meet the “plebes. o ¥0 at Detroft, Mendus’ Brookiya al Wasiiugt ended. There was a strong sentiment ex- pressed against any act on the part of the league to injure eithet the col. | leges or the college players by pro. fessionalizing the stars. In further- ance of this sentiment a committee of | which George Halas, manager of the | Chicago Bears, is chairman, was | named to confer with representatives of the National Collegiate Athletic A. soctation in an effort to draw up a set | of regulations for the protection of cDgE‘e players, range, who is attending the - ing with C. C. Pyle, his rngnnhger"“eel‘l- plied for a franchise in the league. The franchise, he , would be lo- cated in New Y The Yankee, ed for a period | of five years for foot bail games and would be the home of the proposed new club, Pyle announced. It w apparent that reefs Grange's plans to put ogher professional foot bail team in New York. Before he can obtain a franchise the New York G ants, who held the only franchise in New York City at present, must glve their con- sent. There were indications tonighi that this consent may be withheld. In urging Grange's request for a place in the lengue Pyle pointed out that the largest crowd that ever wit- nessed a professional foot ball game— about 63,000—turned out to see Gr;’r‘\ge in New York. ere are five other applicants for franchises In the clrcuit--St. Louis Racine, Boston, Baltimore and New ark. “Action on these applicatio will be taken tomorrow. T&le actiQx of President Joseph Cgrr of Columbus, Ohio, in imposing fincq upon the owners of the Chicago (wm dinals and the Milwaukee team ior uslng.hlgh school players in a game last Fall. was upheld by the league. as was President Carr's order require ing Al McQuirk to dispose of his Mil. waultee Club franchise, ohn ryan and Frank Mulker: both of Milwaukee, have applied for !hlxghfrnlnchlflé. e league re-elected Carr presi- dent, John Dunn ot Minneapolis vice president and Carl Stork of ] Ohlo, treasurer. sy BARROW CONFIRMS LEASE. By the Assobiated Prees. NEW YORK, February 6.—Edward G. Barrow, business manager of the New York Yankees, cenfirmed re- ports from Detroit today that Harold {(Red) Grange had obtained a lease on the Yankee Stadium to conduct xlyrol:esaloml foot ball games next Fall, Barrow said he had come to terms with C. C. Pyle, Grange's manager, whereby Grange leases the Yankee Stadlum fora period of five years. Professional foot ball games will be conducted at the stadium every SuR- day and hollday “from October 15 0 December 31, he said. | Grange, assisted by Pyle, will man- ‘age the team and conduct the busi- ness affairs of | the club under the terms of the contract with the base ball club. agreemént becomes effective if Grange is successful in ebtaining a franchise inthe National Foot Ball League. - n- | ré L, GLICK TO FIGHT KAPLAN IN HARTFORD MARCH 1 . 7 HARTFORD, Conn., February 6 (#). —Joe - Glick, Brooklyn _junior ligh welght, who recently defeated Johnny ‘Dundee in New York City, will meet Louis (Kid) Kaplan of u"‘d"*. tz,m erweight champion, here March 1. M has ealled-off his bout er, sct for JFebs | At Lexin, gton, Va.—V. M. L, 41; Au- burn, 25. \ At Urbana—Notre Dame, 26; Illi- nois, 14. “At Towa City—Iowa, 2! At Columbus—Olrio State, 18; Cl cago, 14. “.\( Lincoln—Kansas, 25; Nebraska, At_Normal, Ill.—Bradley, 38; Nor- mal, 25. At Baton Rouge—Tulane, 24; Louis- iana State University, 23, At Fayetteville, Ark.—Arkansas, 27; “niversity, 7. ingham—Mississippi, 34; Al- 38; Guil- Minnesota, abama, 2. At Davidson—Davidson, ford, 23. At Cambridge—Springfield College, 39; Harverd, 31. At Wake Forest—Wake Forest, 33; Duke, 16. At Atlanta—Mississippi Aggies, 23; Georgia Ted 20. At _Knoxville—Tennnessee, 38; Van- derbilt, 32 (extra period). At Pittsburgh—Rensselear Poly, 11; Carnegie Tech, 27 At Greenville, Pa.—Allegheny, 32; Thiel, 18. At St. Louis—Kansas Aggies, 26; Washington University, 24. At Atlanta—Mississippi A. & M., 31; Georgia Tech, 20. A At_Knoxviile—Tennessee, 38; Van- derbilt, 32 (extra period). BARNES AND FARRELL BEAT FOREIGN PROS TAMPA, Fla., February 6 (#).—Jim Barnes, British open champlon, and Johnny Farrell = defeated = Archie “ompston of England and Arnaud| Massey of France at the Temple Terrace Country Club here today in 1 36-hole match 3 and 2. After finishing the first eighteen holes 3 up, the American boys dropped the lead to the visitors on the sixth hole of the afternoon round. Making their first determined bid for honors, the foreigners won the twen- ty-second hole when Compston shoi a birdie 2. Massey then won the twenty-third with a birdle 4 and Compston re- peated on the twenty-fourth with a birdie 3, squaring the match. Forty-four cities in the United States now have public golf courses. C. U. BOXERS PRESS | PENN STATE TEAM STATE'COLLEGE, Pa., February 6.—Penn State bLoxers opened their | ason today with a narrow 4-to-3 vie- | over Catholic Universit | The Lions showed strength in the lighter weights,” but were outfought in the heavier classes. Three bouts were ended by technical knockouts and one went an extra round. The best bout of the day was in the 145-pound class, where Lafond, Catho- lic University, won an extra round decision over Glazier, Penn St sophomore. . The decision might gone either way, it was so close. Glazfer almost scored a knockout in | the third round, but Lafond rallied | and won the fight in the extra period. Summaries. 115.POUND _CLASS—Decision for Gans. Pean State, over Largy. Catholic Univeraits, S5 BOUND CLASS—Decision for Capt. McClernan, Penn State. over Conlin, Cath: | olie’ University. Gnd round. 135-POUND CLASS—Decision for Filleger. Penn State, over Byrne, Catholic University. three roun 145-POUND CLASS—Decision for Lafond. | Catholie University, over. Grazier, Penu State. Extra round. o 160-POUND CLASS—Decision for Keil. Penn State. over Adams, Catholic University. Technical knockout in ihe third round. 173-PONND CLASS—Decision for Moors, Catholic Ohiversity. over Uibel, Penn State Technical knockout in third roind HEAVYWEIGHT—Decision for Mayer, Catholic University, over Welsko, Penn State. ds. T eroenir. J. Gilbert. ~Judges—Mesars. 3. Rogers and D. D. Kline. MEETING OF SHAMROCKS IS CALLED BY GLASCOE Wee Willle Glascoe, business man.- ager of the Shamrock base ball club, has called a meeting of all members and those interested in the team for Thursday night at 1316 L street south- ecast. The Shamrocks are. preparing to enter their fifteenth year of sandlot base ball and will disouss matters of uniforms and a playing fleld at the first meeting. ALt ANNAPOLIS, Md., February 6.— Navy.plebes won the closest kind of a fencing match here this afternoon against Baltimore Poly, the score be- ing 5 to 4. Folls were the weapons used. y BROWNS TRADE MOGRIDGE TO YANKS By the Associated Press. < N It is understood 'thac the { Washington American Leaguer, and a cash’ consideration. FOR SCHANG EW YORK, February 6.—Walter H. (Wally) Schang, vet.crlmtcfi!r of the New York Yankees, was traded to the St. Louis Browns in exchange for Pitcher George Mogridge, former New York: and Edward G. Barrow, business manager of the Yankees, in making this announcement also said William Albert, Georgetown University outfielder for the past three years, had been signed with the Yankees. i Barrow also reported receipt of word from Richmond, Va., that Pitcher Ben Shields, promising young left-hander, is il with tuberculosis and will-not play base ball this year. 2 The deal which sends Schang to the Browns is the first of a series of big transactions’ by which or. Miller Huggins hopes ‘to bulld up. the elub to x;epfucc :;w in the American Leag: lore e ww of tb:%v,ummofi 2 !t‘hfixmm-. F that P il City in deals involving the transfer of ’;m..r players to the Yankees, In his 13 years of American League’ experience Schang has played on six American championship and three world champions. He e into the with the. Piiladelphia Athleties‘in 1913, having been drafted from the Buffalo club of the Interna- tignal ‘He remaineéd with the Technical knockout in sec- | Atmos i 1 The Terrapins’ total score for the | Dodge of the Illinoi: three stages of the match was 2,983. | Cooke. Syracuse negro runner, The Hatchetettes scored 2,968 and the ’ Washington U. girls collected 2,962 for | | A. C. and Cecil were second and third. Adrian Paulen, | Dutch fiyer, finished, but had trouble | on the corners, taking them wide and their grand total. The Girls’ Munici- ‘ gradually dropping far into the rear. pal Club of Minneapolis. with 2,949 | points, were.fourth in the race, and | their { the Hawthorne Club women’s team of | front. Chicago was fifth, with 2,944, Three Maryland girls were tied for high-scoring honors in points, each baving 597. possible in the she was given first place. Anna Dor- , scoring ‘199 in each stage, second, and Julia Louise Behrin was : was i Helen Beyerle shot a| al stage, however, 50 | , [ third. Her total in the final stage was | 198. and 199 in the second. The {ndividual scores by stages reg- istered by the winners are given be low. The. high five scores counted Thelma Winkjer's scores counted in the first two stages onl; Mary Jane MecCurdy took her place in the third shooting. Name. h)‘l‘de Behring - 396G ut She made - possible in the first | | nual classic. | | Holy Cross inflicted a defeat to its traditional rival, B College, in relay, finishin yards in University of Mar tet outstripped Bowdoin by in their mile relay. Dartmouth galloped rown in the mile relay these old rivals. | Maine beat New Hampshire and| Boston University outpan Colby. | Harvard's two-mile relay team r Yale's quartet off its feet in the Kobes turned over o yard lead to Willard Tibbetts, stretched it to nearly 75 y ters held this advantage and ger running anchor, breasted tape a full 90 yards ahead of Vors Yale anchor man, Boston College's quartet two-mile intercollegiate relay, leading all the way. Syracuse finished hard on the Maroon's heels and Dartmouth | was a poor third. | Summaries. | FINAL 40-YARD DASH | Briges | rob) n_ by Loren Mu 1, t quar ) yard away from | featuring the won the 3 achusetis Rt (18 because ol art (Williams trophy)— Booth, Millrose A. A Fred W. Peaslee, U third, New ™ Y cap) —Won —_Won al Institute, wark Oshorn, ndis A. C G feer TWO-MILE Ol Hatvard Won by second, Hagerty) ¥ TOLEDO CLUB IS SOLD. TOLEDO, Joseph P Toledo I O'Brien, president Club of the has announ er, { 1 NEW YORK, Jimmy Jones of and Joe Dundee, terweight, will match at “ebru [ ’ own, Ohio. meet son Reducecl from our 35.95 to $ .' 450 Prs. Black Oxfords 550 Prs. Tan Oxfords 500 Prs. High Shoes A shoes. many others. NOTHER whale of a ,sale. To save you men a lot of money on good Styles- pictured- and All wonderful values! Plenty of all sizes. “Starting at § a.m. - tomorrow - —at 3 Hahn “stores _only— and you'd bet- 7th & K 414 9th St. 14th & G Sts.