Evening Star Newspaper, September 17, 1925, Page 6

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THE EVENING STAR ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C THURSDAY . .September 17, 1925 THEODORE W. NOYES...Editor The Evening Star News Business Off 11th St. and Pennay New York Office o Chicago Offi Europeaa Office The Evening Star. with the Sunday morn- e edition IS delivered by carriers Wi the city at’ 60 cents nth: datly S 1l or ton ts made by nth. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ally and Sunday....1yr. $840: 1 mo ally only S8.00: 1 mo. Sunday or 2.40: 1 mo, aily and Sunday. aily only Sunday only.’. Member of the Associated Press. The Assoct psively entitled | to the us- far all news dis atches credited 1 \herwise erad ted in this naver and a's0 the local news published herair f_publicatior aino reserved. No Admittance! Refusal by the Secretary of State to grant admission to the United States | as a del : to the Interparliamen- | tary Union of Shaj aklaty member of the Brit Parliament, is | nted by the recor ut in the House of Com- mons and elsewh 1 is an avowed | Communist, a militant advoc of | revolution overn- | ment, an internationali were to come here in his pri acity, as an individual, he could not possibly be admitted, holding and proclaiming the views to which ¥y given utterance. As a delegate to an inter- national convention he has no rights that are superior to the claims of any Imfmigrant for admittance. Secretary Kellogg has rightly interpreted the law with respect to the exclusion of those holding incendi Saklatvala occupies posi. tion. He has been elected er of the British House of Com nd is, therefore, immune to prosecution | for his utterances in that bedy, up to | a certain point. It is, hawe aif- | ficult to understand the tolerance for such expressions made re- garding his purpose to work for the overthrow of the British government. For less than that Englishmen have been to the To and some have suffered death as traitors. Even | here, a national legislator speaking | in such terms in the legislative halls would be subject to impeachment, and | to indictment in civil courts for treason. On the 29th of August, when he had completed his arrangements for at- tending the sessions of the Int Hamentary Union in Washington, Salk latvala 1 am go + friend of the wor British im- | perialism - ought to crumble in the dust. 1 am out to work for a revo- lution and for the day when the work- ers will control the whole world. But before this comes you will have to face the cold steel. With ail due all wance for the ful- minations of the demagogue, this is| plainly an announcement of an in- cendiary purposé. Unless the man is a bombastic bluffer, he desl ed to speak here as an advocate of revolu- tionary internationalism, to appeal to | the workers of America as hewhas to those of Great Britain to join the movement originating in Russia for the establishment of the proletariat in control of all governments, Many a person has been excluded from entrance into the United States because he holds such views. Some of these have been applicants for ad- mission as fut ns, others as mere visitors. There is no question of the right of this Government thus to exclude those who entertain danger- ous concepts of government calculated to inflame th of the ignorant and radical. This right applies to would- be representatives of other peoples seeking places in international ses- stons. No one can guestion the legal- ity of this man’s exclusion. may question the discretion of this action, though to the great majority of the American people Secretary Kel- logg's course is fully justified, is, in- deed, the only course to be followed in self-respect and consistency. Saklatvala will perhaps be regarded as a martyr to. his views by those who hold with him that existing gov- ernment uid overturned. He will probably expound them the more vigorously at home, possibly in Can- ada, because of his excluson. He has been given publicity by this ac- tion. But, at any rate, he will not be permitted to stand in the hall of the House of Representatives in this Capi- tal as a member of an international as- semblage and preach anarchism. —r———— Traction officials are willing to yield to the adverse signals of traffic police- men at boulevard crossings, but they draw the line at white paint prohibi- tion. Some —_— e The Cost of Private Motoring. Very few automobile owners who drive their own cars ‘“keep book: They know what their machines cost them to buy, and they have a rough idea of the expense of running them. _ But after perhaps a few weeks of cost Meep they give up in despair. There are sosmany items to note, gasoline, oil, repairs, hire, new tires, and possibly fines in the traffic court, that they find it too much of a job to note them all, and thuu to enable them 10 find out what their motoring costs them by the day, or the month, or by the mile. The engineers who have been conducting a survey of District conditions relative to street er poesibility have, however some figuring for them, and e they come to the conclusion that the aver- age expense of maintaining a private eutomobile 1s $690 a vear, which works out to a little less than 12 cents a mile. This figure will prob- ebly be challenged by many motorists as excessive, but without bookg they cannot refute it. The survey computations regarding transportation cost are interesting. They show that the average street car rider pays 3.44 cents a mile for tokens and 243 cents & mile in cnsh. fares. The motor bus rider pays 3.66 cents for tokens and 4,07 cents on a cash basis. The cost of operating a private motor carrying an average of 1.95 pas- sengers each is 5.85 cents per pas- senger. The taxicab rider pays an average of 23.90 centg for each mile that he is carried. Considering that a large percentage of those who ride to and from work in private motor cars are “pick ups,” or'guest passengers, who pay nothing at all, the computation regarding the mileage cost for motor car transit as stated Dy the survey is somewhat mis- leading. The fact 48 that a great many Washingtonjans are transported free. The private car owners pay the cost. But that cost is not the greater for them because they carry guests in their machines. 1f they ran their machines on a strictly individual basis they would be paying out just as much. It is evident that save for taxicab riding the private motor transport is the most expensive of all forms of transit. The private car thus used, morcover, takes up parking space. It must be accommodated downtown while the owner is at his tasks. I} is costly to the city in that it compels the maintenance of an expensive po- lice force for the regulation of traf- fie. But the private car is here to stay. It will not be supplanted by any universal form of transport, the strect car or the bus, certainly not )y the taxicab at the present rate of charge - the higher cost of transit the private car owner zains independence from 2d street car schedules, possibly gains time in transit, al- though as congestion increases this gain is diminished. He has, more- over, the use of the car for pleasure and for social service beyond the range. of street care or busses. No actuary will discourage individual motor car ownership and operation. e On Second Thought. It would seem that Mayor Hylan's aper friends spoke without au- when they announced that or bus new! thor }there would be a third ticket in the New York fleld, and that it might be taken for granted that the mayor would head it. When all the figures of the voting were recorded it was plain that the mayor had been com- pletely snowed under in the primary fight. In the five boroughs he received 154,036 votes, as against 249,579 cast for Walker, the latter's plurality being 95,543. A much more even split of the approximately 400,000 Democratic votes would be necessary to justify a third-ticket bolt. A candidate losing by nearly 25 per cent of the total party vote In a primary is in no posi- tion to contest as a third-party leader. He cannot expect to carry all of his primary stréngth into the November poll. If he carried two-thirds of his primary followers with him on a bolt he would be doing very well, indeed. The total Republican strength in the primary was about 135,000. If Hylan could poll 100,000 bolting votes—which would be extremely unlikely—and all of the Republican votes, an impossibil- ity, he would have 235,000, or a 35.000 margin over the Walker primary strength. This is stating the case in the most favorable.terms that can be conceived. . Thus in its mathematical aspect the case for a third-party ticket in the New York race would seem to be hope- No wonder, therefore, that af! consultations yesterday the mayor, after thanking those who had worked for and supported him, indicated that he would retire to private life, with the solace of a clear conscience and the satisfaction of a scrupulous dis- charge of duty. This left & third- party movement very much in the air, although the proponents of an inde- pendent ticket, dying hard, began 'to use the names of others, perhaps with no more authority than in the case of the mayor. But whether there. is a third party or not in the mayordlty fight in New York, the bitterness engendered in the primary campaign is to be rated as a distinct liability for the governor, whom the mayor styles the “big ham and egg man from Albany.” e ——— Experts find that it costs twice as much to run an automobile per mile as it does to pay car fare. But think of the fun puzzling out the traffic rules! —————e—————— ' Ringing a fire alarm by mistake for posting a letter is a modern substi- tute for blowing out the gas. e ‘Wisconsin 'avoids the three-party complex by reducing the Democracy to the vanishing point. Student Strikes. Students of the high school at Boon- ton, N. J., have struck “in protest against the dismissal of the supervis- ing principal of that institution. The Board of Education is now consider- ing whether to close the school or to continue it with the few pupils who remain, with possibly the arrest of the parents of the striking students under sixteen years of age on charges of vio- lation of the truancy law. Some of the parents are taking sides with the chil- dren, and are moving to oust the Board of Education. At Passaic, N. J., fifty children have refused to attend a certain school be- cause a new building is nearer to their home, and the local Board of Educa- tion has served notice on the parents that they must send their children to the school that has been assigned to them or suffer prosecution for breach of the truancy law. These two cases in New Jersey il- lustrate the disposition on the part of school children nowadays to dictate and to strike if their wishes are not observed. Such strikes have occurred in various parts of the country, and have with few exceptions resulted in defeat for the students. Resistance of authority has not succeeded. The as- tonishing part of these manifestations of juvenile obduracy is that they have in most instances had parental sup- port. In the old days children were “sent” to school, not merely allowed to go. The truant and the shirker got short shrift at home. If there was a dispute on matters of discipline it was usually settled by the parents in favor of school suthority. At present it |own judge and authority. If he does |not like his teacher he strikes, If he has to walk a little farther to schaol than he thinks he should he strikes. He has not yet organized under union rules, but such a movement wouid not be surprising in view of the present tendencies. / Street Cars and Boulevards. An agreement has been reached whereby the street railway companies will conform practically to the re- quirements of the traffic boulevard system. The street cars [will be halted before passing over such prterial high- ways when traffic policemen are sta- tioned there and signal them to stop. Otherwise they will cross the boule- vards at these intersectfons without stopping. It is clear that the street railway traffic cannot be automatically and tnvariably halted at these points without . serious congestion on the traction lines. It is also clear that they cannot be permitted to run freely across these arterial streets without some regard for the flow of traffic through them. Under the system now pianned in compromise the street cars will be halted at those points where traffic officers are stationed and will be then signaled forward as quickly as conditions permit, thus causing a minimum ‘of delay on the car lines and a minimum of congestion at the intersection. This would seem to be a sensible and ‘practical solution of a vexing problem. - ACEMPIOR ., Survey results show that only 20 per cent of Washingtonlans walk to and from business. Just how many of them jay-walk has not been deter- mined. ——r—————————— Inquiry into the affairs of the Navy Band does not necessarily signify that that musical organization has been ‘making discords. Complaint is made that four sep- arate agencies dealing with depart- mental personnel raises the old too- many-cooks ssue. Cuba plans to deepen the channel entrance into Havana harbor, but, of course, disclaims any purpose to fa- cilitate the passage of the rum fleet,, — raee - Submission of seventeen bids for eight air mall contracts is an encour- aging sign that practical aviation is developing in this country: 3 ———————— Assurance is given by local dealers that higher prices will not be charged for coal because of the strike. The next question is whether there is any ‘coal. e Mayor Hylan refers to Gov. Smith as the *“big ham and egg man” from Albany, which is perfectly plain in its identification, but a bit obscure in its precise significance. —————— Traffic Director Eldridge wants to have the power to revoke the licenses of habitual breakers of the rules. Somebody should have that power and should exercise it, no matter who it is. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Qualifications. “Does your boy Josh know any- thing about running a farm?"” “Well,” answered Mr. Corntossel, “he shows signs of bein’ qualified fer some branches of the work. Him an’ me had quite a talk last night. He ain't very well posted on plantin’ and tertilizin'. But what he don't know about promissory notes an’ mortgages ain’t worth mentiontn’.” “One thing dat's liable to make a man complain of hard work,” said TUncle Eben, “is loafin’ on de job an’ gettin' out o' practice.” A Strange Possibility. With machines to save talking And working and walking, We'll find that this planet so small Ia run by the lever, And human endeavor Wil not be considered at all. Gaining Experience. “You sdy you know nothing at all about our railway?” said the official, “Nothing whatever,” answered the applicant for employment. “Well, you come highly recommend- ed. I suppose we'll have to put you in tie bureau of information and let the traveling public educate you.” Perfection. “There is no such thing as perfec- tion in this world,” saild the ready- made philosopher. No,” answered Miss Cayenne, “the only person I know of who comes near attaining perfection is the one who sets out to be a perfect bore.” A Liberal Sentiment. “You mustn’t blame a man because his opinions differ from yours.” “No,” answered Senator Sorghum, “a man’s oplnions are his own. All I want to do is to hold him.down so that his vote won't differ from mine.” His Busy Day. My Uncle Jim's a truthful man, But now and then he acts Like many folks and shows he can Be supple with the facts. Although he s a friend of mine, 1 feel a vague dismay Whenever he hangs up the sign “This is my busy day.” ‘When no one climbs the shaky stair Up to the room so far, ‘Where he sits in a tilted chair A-smokin® a cigar, He says, “It's time some one should be A-steppin’ round this way, So hang it up where he may see _This 1s my busy day.”. An’ then a fishin’ trip will clatm His time the whole day long, Or mebbe at a base ball game He'll lift his voice so strong. And when of sport he's had enough He'll view the sign and say, “That notice isn’t any bluff, It was a busy day.” A Perfectly Natural Cause. From the Waterioo Tribune. polTnh:vih x:u,.pemu“ son Mitlod ':y":: ere uuu:mw. died & natural fl-flh Templeton Jones, a mild-mannered man, sauntered into a radio store to purchase some bell cord wire, where- With to connect batteties to a receiv- ing set. sk . It is necessary to know that Jones was of a mild disposition in order to fully” appreciate the subequent con- versation. . ‘Those who “listened in” on the talk between the clerk and Jones might have imagined, readily enough, that the latter was a crusty fellow taking his temper out on the world. As a matter of faét, Templeton Jones is, the most affabie:chap in Washingfon, “who allows himself to ba imposed on dally rather than hurt any-one's faelings. 7 Jones is the sort of man who per- mits himself to be sneezed all over in a street car rather than leave his seat for a standing position at the back of the car. If he got up, he fizures, the unknown person who sneozed on him might be offended. So you may know that Temp Jonés was not at all crusty, nor ill- tempered, nor in any way one of those terrible persons who go around with a chip on their shoulders, especially in_stores. » There are some old ladies whom no clerk can sult, and some others, of assorted ages, who demand that every- thing in the store be shown them, only to back away with “Thank you, I was only looking today Templeton Jones, however, with his ruddy cheeks and frank, ingenuous countenance, was neither feminine nor finicky. So the ensuing conyer- sation would have surprised ~his friends mightily. He sauntered up to a young clerk. “I want some of that dark red-cov- ered bell cord wire, annunclator wire, I believe you call it,” said Templeton Jones, pleasantly. * Ok K K The clerk, just completing a’ sale, gave no particular indication that he heard Jones, althongh the customer knew he must have, unless the man were deaf. ghs Perhaps this was what riled Jones at the very start. Certainly any clerk might indicate by a smile, or a nod of his head, or a few words, thas he had heard the customer. It was a very hot day, too; maybe that had something to do with it. “1 want some of that red Lell cord wire,” announced Jones, determinel to be heard. “Yes, sir,” replied the clerk, turn- ing to the shelves. He handed forth a package, a hole cut in one end of the cardboard car- ton showing the wire to be wrapped with black cotton “I want the red-covered, please stated Jones. ‘Again the clerk turned his back, as he dipped Into the stack of packages, turned around, and passed across the counter another carton of wire. “That's brown,” declared Jones, be- ginning to get miffed. \What was the matter with the fellow? Once more the clerk turned, chose a package, and then handed it over to Jones. “That’s blue,” announced Jones, his ce rising. Was the fellow deliberately *kid- ding” hlm? Jones asked himself. He must be. For the first time in his life, Jones determined to be severe in a matter of this kind. - Usually he simply gave it up, left the store, and put that firm on his black list for life when he received treatment that did not sult him. To- ay, however, he decided to act other- £ wise. * k% “What's the matter?” asked Jones, sharply. “Don't you want to sell the customer what he wants?” Today is the birthday of the United States Constitution. On this day 137 years ago the convention which had been called to amend the Articles of Confederation, after 83 days of debate, submitted to the States for ratifica- tion the result of its labors. The debates had been strenuous, often bitter, and at times threatening to result in failure, secession and war between conflicting States. Yet the product of those debates, a century later, drew from Lord Bryce this com- mendation: “History knows few in- struments which in so few words lay down so momentous rules on a vast range of matters of the highest im- portance and complexity. Gladstone’s comment is often quot- ed: “The most perfect piece of work ever struck off by the brain and pur- pose of man at a given time." The entire Constitution, with all its amendments, could be printed In six columns of The Evening Star, and read in less than half an hour. James M. Beck, former Solicitor General of the United States, has written a treat- ise on the Constitution, in which he says: “While it was marvelously saga- cious in what it provided, it was wise to the point of inspiration in what it left unprovided.” * £ % % The Articles of Confederation repre- sented o compact between States. The Constitution is the fundamental law of our “Natlon, one and indivisible"— 2 Nation of the people, not of units of States. The States are parts of one Union, not the Nation a mere federa- tion of sovereign States—a distinction first made clear in the Webster- Haynes-Calhoun debates in the Senate. and ratified by the Clivil War. The preamble sets out in its open- ing phrase the important fact that this 1s an expression of will, for and by the people of the whole Nation: “We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more per- fect Union, * * * do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.” * %k * % Even in our own day the question whether all loyal citizens are obli- gated to honor and obey the consti- tutional provisions is debated, and be- cause there are amendments not agreeable to the ideas of individuals conscience is lulled into self-excuse while laws are flouted. Thus the Constitution is defied by individuals as it had been once defled by States, under the specious plea that they had not approved of its provisions. Some doctrinaires are asserting that if laws are thus defled, the fault lies in the Constitution, and not in the lawlessness of the breakers. Mr. Beck, in his treatise on the Constitution, discusges the alleged decadence of the press because news- papers glve great space to crime, prize fights, sports and crude humor. He cites also, as signs of decadence, “Jazz music, degeneration in_ public life, growing disrespect for law by the individual man and woman, and their aversion to work, the subordi= nation of the classroom of our col- leges to the outdoor stadium, the in- fluence of our mechanical age with its automatic machinery, etc, de- stroying the soul of things.” - * % ¥ % The accusation against the press certainly does not apply to all pa- rfl. for all are not “yellow” or mor- id. A perusal of & book recently published by Prof. Fred E. Haynes of the University of Iowa may be taken as expressing the tone of his instructions to the youth of that seat learning. The accusation has been BACKGROUND OF EVENTS | BY PAUL V. COLLINS. 'm color blind, mister,” answered the man. “Oh, I'm-sorry,” leaped to Jones' lips, but all the time he was thinking: “Now isn't that just my luck! For the first time in my life I bawl out a clerk, and, instead of finding_ him a mean, indifferent fellow, I discover that the poor chap can't tel} red from black, blue or brown!" He ' looked at the clerk, who had asked the proprietor to “wait on the gentleman, ™ “Why didn’t you tell me?” Jones asked the clerk, gently. “I didn't want you to know, that was all,” replied the clerk. Bo Templeton Jones, with his pack- age of red-wrapped bell wire, left the shop a wiser but a sadder man. The irony of fate, he thought, always work- ed things out after this grim manner. Here, for years, he had passed up countless opportunities to censure ill- humored clerks, indifferent clerks, peevish clerks, clerks with hauteur, clerks laboring under inferiority com- plexes, pride in new neckties and other maladies too numterous to men- tion. . Never once had he chirped. to a one of them, but had regarded them all as hopeless cases which he neither had the time nor inclination to try to mend. Then, when he had workedl up his courage to bawl one of them out, as the popular phrase has it. he found the fellow was color blind! ust my durn luck,” grumbled | Jones, the mild-mannered man, hold- ing tight to his red-covered wire, pur- chased at the expense of another fel- low creature’s embarrassment. Just my durn luck.” ok “How many things there are, in- deed, we do not know!" Templeton Jones wrote in his diary after he got home. “Knowing this, how seldom ought we to jump to conclusions, speak harshly to ‘others when we do not know the facts, acquire grudges and hold resentments upon the say-s0 of others, without any investigation upon our own parts. “It 18 said that merr are‘creatures of impulae, things of stimulation and re- gctions, but this is mostly applied to physical hian, whereas it might better be applied to our mental life. “Words are what cause the trouble. Words are passed, and we fly into a rage, much as if we were mera mechanisms, which, once a certain button is pressed, ~respond with a great outpouring of angry words and belligerent actions. “It takes a man almost all his life to learn that because a taing Is said it does not necessarily have to be true; or, because it was meanly intended, it may not at all apply to his own case; or, if it does, it cannot hurt him “This was the way Woodrow Wilson telt when he coined the phrase ‘too proud to fight'; the way Jesus of Nazareth felt when He refused to re- ply to His accusers. “Words are great things, and words can be contemptible things, for words are but the reflection of men’s minds, which run the gamut from sublime toi hellish. “We ought not, then, it seems to me, to be so easily provoked as wg are,’ or to resent as much as we do, or 1o allow our happiness to depend so ut. terly on the pleasant words—or lack of them—of others. “We had better try to' think good about others, when they displease us, than to imagine off-hand they ‘have it in for us,' for, as far as we know, they may be suffering from some men- tal disease of which their ugly words are the only visible sign. “We will be better off, all of us, if we will put the soft pedal on our own 11l words, realizing that the other fel- low may be— Color blind,” concluded Templeton Johes, with a sigh. > | made that few colleges today are free from doctrines subversive of respect for our constitutional institutions, Prof. Haynes says: “The new movement represents the most constructive union of the labor movement in the United States at'! the present time. Its leaders, many of them Socialist intellectuals, regard social reorganization as inevitable. | The preamble of the Amalgamated (meaning the ‘Amalgamated Cloth- ing Workers'—same type in the pre- amble as in the I. W. W. doctrine calling for ‘One Big Union’) s the fullest and most recent statement of the underlying philosophy of the new unionism.” The professor commends to his students this preamble, which sayi “Every oppressed class in history attained its emancipation only upon its attaining economic supremacy. The same law operates also in the struggle between capital and laber. The industrial and interindustrial or- ganization, built upon the solid rock of clear knowledge and class con- sclousness, will put the organized working class in actual control of the system of production, and the working class will then be ready to take possession of it. The assuming of control of industries by the work. ers can only come as it did in Rus sia, Italy and Hungary, by forcible seizure.” “Emmancipation,” which comes by “forcible seizure,” means revolution and repudiation of the Constitution. “Socialist intellectuals” are taught in colleges supported by taxation how to overturn that Constitution and de- stroy the Government. * ok ok K Now comes the Interparliamentary conference, which has been invited,by the President of the United States to meet in the very Capitol of the United States—the great, historio bullding which normally houses our Supreme Court, our Senate and House of Representatives, and in which the Presidents take thelr solemn oaths to uphold the Consti- tution. All_delegates must be members of the Parllaments of their respective countries. The news is that in the\del- egation appointed in Great Britain to the meeting in the Capitol once burned by British invaders are two Socialist agitators, at least one of whom, Sha- purli Saklatvala, openly proclaimed his iritention to harangue (in our very Capitol) for the destruction of our Constitution and overthrow of all gov- ernments. Saklatvala is reported as saying in a speech made since his ap- pointment as delegate: “I am going to America as a friend placable enemy of the Union Jack and British imperialism. British imperial- ism ought to crumble in the dust. I am out for a revolution and for the day when the workers will control the whole world. Before this comes you will have to face cold steel.” * ko % Becretary of State Kellogg, upon learning of Saklatvala's speeches, has ordered his visa canceled. Secretary Kellogg takes the positfon that an- archists should not be permitted to come into the United States with the avowed intention of attacking our Government; the law forbids such en- try of aliens. Senator Borah, chairman of the Sen- ate forelgn relations committee, pro-| tests that Saklatvala should be . mitted to enter, but that when he then violates our laws he should be sent to the penitentiary, regardless of the fact that he is a member of the Brit- ish Parliament. Another delegate, Pethwick-Law- N (A2 of the working classes and as an im-{ 6 : THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1925. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS .. BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. ‘The sporting world-has been stirred recently by what, applied to the world's premier bats- man. Fallure to give complete obe- dience to team rules and managerial directlon was. the charge. The writer holds no brief for either principal in the controversy through lack of definite information as to the Incidents leading up to the crisis. But there is much to be sald against the modern tendency toward what is described as “temperament” among those who, despite talent, after all are hired employes of some one Whe, in exchange for expected loyalty and maximum of effort, pays out huge sums of hard-earned money. Selfishness and seif-interest are far better words than “temperament” in describing this condition. It is the great modern fault. Be the employer the head of a great corporation, a theatrical producer or the owner of & base ball team, it is fair to assume that he has reached the status of the employer solely through his nbllltg to do certain things better than others have done them. .Otherwise he would be the employed and the employe would be the “boss.” “Stars” Make Trouble. Granted the truth of this finding, then the employer, putting aside his right of direction throu his con- trol of the pay roll, has the right to expect ‘his employes will take orders from himself. and his representatives without. question an? ‘without setting up -the, judgment -of the individusl asainst’that of the employer. - But ls-this ‘done? "In'the mdjority of cases, ves. Buf there i§_a Con- stantly growing tendency on. the:part of the “stars” of the buseiness, theat- rical and sporting world, to.take the position that personal opinions.snd desires are more important than the instructions of employers and thelf representatives. How many stage careers have been blighted by this thing we call “tem- perament” only we of the stage world know. Success, public adulation, the applause (which often is for the set- ting, for the work of the author and for the manner in which the director has caused the lines to be said)—all have their part in turning silly minds into what the psychologists call the “superiority complex.” The same applies in sports and in business when a too-great self-satisfaction replaces the humility and understanding which make for success. Some Notable Exceptions. Turn with me for a moment to the other side of the picture. E. H. Soth- ern, foremost exponent of the dramatic art of today, is the same modest, unassuming person I knew back In the late 80s when he was scor- ing his first successes. Walter Johnson, the greatest base ball pitcher of modern times, is as sweet and unassuming in character today as when, 'a bashful youth, he came up to the major leagues for his tryout. Chauncey M. Depew, whose busi ness, political and social successes would have turned the heads of many less balanced men, never for a mo- ent permitted success to swerve him rom kindliness, courtesy and consid- eration for his fellows. ¥ “Temperament” in the final analy- sis is selfishness and ego. Both are qualities we all must banish from this workaday world of ours if the true happiness is to come to us all They are poisons, insidious and d stroving—and the only antidote is honest self-contemplation and stern resolve to merge self into the battle for the common good. (Copyright. 1925.) “Rank and File” and Street Pavements To_the Editor of The Star- While the expert's opinion is always to be must respected, the “rank and flie,” of which I am a representative, like to be represented in The Star. Just now we are all agog concerning the streets und the paving. Some. thing will be done, now that The Star begins firing its artillery. But, the rank and file want to infect, isn't there too much economy, S0 called, being practiced, and have not our Senators and Representatives got the wrong viewpoint? Saving pennles and wasting dimes isn't econ- omy, and that's what our Commis- sioners are being forced to do. Lack of appropriations has tied their hands. The owner of an auto almost risks his life to cross the car tracks. Witness the hole big enough for a man to lie in on Fourteenth street at Spring road, and try to cross the tracks at very many other places up Fourteenth. This s just my neigh- borhoed. I hear growls from ‘the rank and file” all over town. What with the wear and tear on our ma- shines and the “stops,” the do's and don'ts, the “rank and file" are getting “real mad.” Please publish this growl in supplement to your own vigorous campaign for street improvements. W. G. KENT. A Cape Cod Tablet. President Coolidge has begn asked to unvell a tablet at Vineyard Haven, on Cape Cod, in honor of Confederate soldiers, belleved to be the first of its kind in a Northern State, though tab- lets honoring at the same time Union and Confederate soldiers are not un- known. The Vineyard Haven memo- rial is the work of local G. A. R. post, ‘Women's Relief Corps and the Amer- ican Legion, which bore the expense. It reads simply: “The Chasm Is Closed." In Memory of the Restored Union, "This Tablet Ts Dedicated. eterans of Hengy Wade Post. 201 G A. R.. e Contederate Soldiers. The story of the tablet goes back to the migration of a Virginia Confed- erate soldier, Charles Strabang, to Vineyard Haven fof is health. He constantly preached that the war was over, that it made the Union perpet- ual and that differences between North and South should be sub- merged in an American patriotism. Strabang, at 86, is still living, and ex- pects to be present at the unveiling. As much as anything, perhaps, the memorial is an honor to him from his neighbors on Cape Cod.—Topeka Daily Capital. _ The Inevitable. ¥rom the Spartanburg Sum. Lots of us can’t understand why the “stop” signal is always turned on just before we reach the street crossing. rence, is described in the British “Who's Who" as a Socialist member of Parliament, who has a jail record as an agitator, and who was once forced to withdraw from his candidacy for Parliament because he had attacked the British government for its war ey, Th{ United States members of the interparliamentary . confetence have not yet been announced. They are ap- pointed by Senator McKinley, but at the Senator's office one is referred to the secretary of the American group, Mr. A. Call, who is secretary of the American Peace Assoclation, of which Jane Addams is an official. At Mr. Call’s office it is stated that “it is not expedient to publish the list of dele- gates yet.” (Copyright. 1996, by Paul V. Collins.) Q. When presents are given at a on the surface, [birthday party, should they be opened seemed drastic disciplinary measures jor kept until the party s over?—AM, H. A. It is customary to open a gift immediately upon its receipt. The fact that presents are offered at a birthday party does not affect that custom. Q. What are the contents of “soda water”?—L. 8. A. The term “soda water” origi- nated when sodlum bicarbonate was used In the original manufacture of aerated waters. Such waters are im- pregnated with carbon dloxide gas. In general, capsules containing liquefied carbon dloxide are used at the pres- ent time in the manufacture of these waters, The liquid which it 1s desired to impregnate with the gas is placed in a specially constructed bottle, the top of Which s provided with a recep- tacle for the capsule containing the liquefied gas; the covering of the cap- sule is then ruptured, setting free the acld, which is absorbed by the liquid in the bottle. A Q.- Who {s Sir Hubert in the quo- tation “Approbation from Sir Hubert is praise Indeed"?—A. M. J. A. In the expression, “Approbation from Sir Hubert Stanley is praise in- deed” the reference is to Sir Hubert Stanléy, an impoverished squire in ‘Thomas Morton's play, “A Cure for the Heartache,” 1797. Q. When and where was the first ship built In America?—A. 8. A. The first vessel to be construct- od was the sailing ship Virginia, built iy 1607 at Stage Island, at the mouth al{ the, Kennebec River, fn-Maine. It was huilt for the purpose of carrying 4 small band of settlers back to Iong- land, who were discouraged with their prospects after their first Winter. Q. 'Is thers a stone known as the Amazon stone?—J. A. R. A. Amazon stone is a green micro- Ine, & varlety of potash feldspar. It is used as'a . semi-precious and orna- mental stone, and is found in Colorado and Virginia. Q. How long are the little models of vessels which the Egyptians place in tombs with the dead?—T. C. N. A. A few of the models are longer than 42 inches over all. The smaller are approximately 20 inches. Q. How many Swedenborgians are there?—H. L. R. A. The religious sect sometimes called the Swedenborglan s the Church of the New Jerusalem, or New Church. There are approximately 20,000 followers of this religion in the world, and about 7,000 in the United States. Q. What is the area of the Florida Everglades?—L. H. O. A. The everglades of Florida a roughly, 150 miles in length by miles in width. Q. What does the name mean?—E. B. A. It is the Irish form of a Greek word which means “light.” Q. How far above sea level is Brad- dock Helghts?—C. C. A. This Maryland beauty spot on Catochin Mountain is 1,200 feet above sea level. “Efleen™ Q." Where is the home of the Cots- wold sheep”—S. B. A. The Cotswold sheep, one of the most ancient and most popular of the recognized English breeds, originated on the black hilis and uplands of Eng- land, where it developed a hardihood and an ability to care for itself that is less evident in other long-wool breeds. Q. What lies beyond atmosphere or ether’—L. C. C. A. Ether is not atmosphere. Ether fills space beyond the limits of the HOW UNCLE / alr or atmosphere, It is thought to be more elastic than any ordinary form of matter and to exist through- out all known space, even within the densest bodies. Electric and mag- netic phenomena can be explained as d:; to strains. or pulsations in the ether, : Q. How did the non-stop ecoast-to- fixast autolsts manage their trip?—L. A. Lieut. Leigh M. Wade and Lin- ton Wells left Los Angeles, Calif., July 18 on the non-stop auto trip and arrived at Columbus Circle, New York City, July 23, 1:56 p.an., covering the total of 3,965 miles without the wheels of their cars having stopped once. | They used specially constructed jack with rollers under it to change tires while the car crept along the road, and a special gasoline tank was in- stalled in the tonneau of the machin They obtained food by pre-arran; ment, and ate without stopping. Q. Was Nuim! beaten in this country when he had no handicap?— A, He was not beaten except with & handicap. Q. What States have hills of rights in their constitutions?—N. M, A. A Dbill or declaratibp of rights is found in every State constitution except Michigan's, where there is no separate bill of\rights, Q. How does the lifting power of hellum compare with that of hydro. gen? J. B. A. The Bureau of Stgndards says helium will lift 0.066 pounds per cubic foot under ordinary conditions. I drogen will lift 0.071 pounds per cubic fool. If air e pressure, reduction of pressure causes a proportional reduction of lift. In crease of pressure on the gas de- creases the lift. Helfum gas is non inflammable, non-pofsonous and the Dext lightest gas to hydrogen. Q. How was the violin developed?— G. K. A. The violin in its primitive form was developed from the lyre and the monochord. The history of the viol actually begins with the Invens the bow, sometime before the teenth century. derwent many change thir- The instrument un- , the true model not appearing until the sixteenth century. How many people visit the ton Zoo in the course of & B A. The annual attendance at the National Zoolo; of 2,000,000. Q. Where born?—0. H. A. Str Walter Scott Edinburgh, Scotland, Au and died at Abbotsford, 21st of September, 1832, < is in excess w Walter Scott was born (The free information burcau main- tained by this paper in Washington is a_unique public-service institution of the widest scope. Its object is to tell you, without charge, whatev you may want to know. It can assist you in your business. h you in your home, tell you how best to serve your country, post you on mew laws and Government rulings, and answer the questions every one is asking to day. There is no limit to the number of times you may call on the bureau for service. It will always be willi ly rendered, as promptly as poss The Star Information Bureau invites you to take advantage of this oppor- tunity to secure information on any question or problem that is puzzling you. Address The Star Information Bureau, Twenty-First and O streets northwest, Frederic J. Haskin, di- rector.) "SAM SAVES BY WILLIAM P. HELM, JR. Article IV. High on the list of Federa! savings at Washington during the fiscal year 1925 stand the accomplishments of Andrew W. Mellon, of which little has been published. The Secretary of the Treasury has been a hard-working teammate of Caltin Coolidge in the latter's economy drive, and. withal, a self-effacing. one. He employs no press agent. He has worked and said nothing publicly about what he was doing, but the record, now being writ- ten for the Bureau of the Budget, is eloquent of his 1925 economies. Take, for instance, the public debt service, that branch of his department which records all transactions relating to the national debt. During the past fiscal year Mr. Mellon has reorgan- ized the public debt service from top to bottom. Yet no peep of the work hae been heard; and none would be heard now, in all likelihood, were it not for the record of 1925 economies which is being made up. Here Is what the record says about that par- ticular saving: “There was a reduction of 557 in the personnel of the public debt service during the year. The salaries of these people totaled $818,056.60. This re- ‘duction was made possible by a de- crease in work, by the consolidation of office units, and by the discontin- uance of the numerical system of re- cording coupons.” Savings Big and Small. That is all, and the story picks up the mext incident. Just a few com- monplace lines to tell of a job whose magnitude would have occasioned Na- tion-wide comment had it been made public while the work was being done, Incidentally, the next incident men- tioned in the record tells of the thor- oughness of the job of economy per- formed in that branch of the Treas- ury. The record reads: “A saving of $512 was made by re- moving dead files from file cases and using the cases for current files.” In the same conversational way, one passes on Mr. Mellon's second blg saving, an economy of which no estimate is made. Here it is: “An. examination of the records of the division of deposits shows that ‘balances maintained with general na- tional bank depositaries have been maintained, on the average, at a con- slderably lower figure than during the preceding fiscal year. “This constitutes a direct saving in the expenditure of Government funds, inasmuch as depositary banks pay interest on daily balances at the rate of only 2 per cent per annum, while the Government is borrowing to meet its own requirements at high rates of interest.” Hundreds of millions of dollars are Qeposited angually by the Government in national banks. Apparently the Scotch blood in Secretary Mellon’s veins rebelled at borrowing at 3 per cent and depositing at 2 per cent. The result means many thousands of ad- ditional dollars that taxpayers would not have had to their credit otherwise. A third thing: for years the Treas- ury has been using whole linen paper for its securities. Experiment showed that paper consisting of 75 per cent linen would answer the purpose just as well. The lower linen content-was adopted. . “The consequent saving,” says ths report, “was $48,670 during the yea , Size of Paper Counts. Even this saving did not satisfy. The Secretary and his subordinates experimented further with the distinc- tive paper. The report say: “By modifying the specifications for distinctive paper for United States se- curities so as to permit delivery of 8 per cent in sheets double-sheet size, a reduction in the s = | instead of | foregoing, however, s secured. contract rate per pi which resuited in & on 2,950,000 po year. And then, g <avings to little, the re on of bookkeeping and ts reads “The services of one messenger wera dispensed with, ry in an annual saving of $1 Sympathy of course, to the unfo r whose job was sacri bigger tax payers’ holiday avings, of course, are savings Having reduced the rate for distinc- tive paper in the manner shown above, Mr. Melion's force set out to reduce other things “A reduction in the insurance rate upon currency shipments to national banks § cents to 47 cents for $1,000,” one learns from the record of the controller of the currency, “re- sulting in a saving of $23,000 “The insurance contract upon which this rate was secured also effected a. saving of $18.1 of new Federal Re. serve currency from W; C., to various branches of the Reserve system.” That was good as far as it went, but still other items contributing to igh cost of government were to be knocked down. One reads on “A saving of $3,855 resulted from the use of paper s instead_ of wax seals upon shipments of natienal bank currency. This substitution of paper for wax also reduced the <e§ pense for postage by $1,200.” one of these savings was made public at the time of its adoptio All were undertaken by Mr. Hd- lon and his subordinates as a mia ter of routine. Yet they bulk fairy large in the annual record of ecénp- mies. They are picked at rand@ typical of many others. In the 3| reau of Internal Revenue, for=| stance, one learns that “In the printing of 18,500,0005§ come tax return forms, a white $u phite writing paper was substitgt for white rag stock, at a saving $12,080.81." Cuts in Customs Service. In the customs gervice the econ campaign has grown teeth. One r that savings were effected in 18 “The elimination of supplies equipment from requisitions of fe] officers, or the substitution the: when advantageous, of less expens} articles which will serve the s need. “Reduction of salaries of cmxflzi who are continued in the service reaching retirement age: also a =T duction {n the number of such em- ployes whose services are continuef. “Limiting the employe to one pré motion a year unless the case i§ m very exceptional one. “Reduction of salaries and the es- tablishment of uniform rates of pay of officers and employes of the border patrol.” The Public Health Service, likewise, has dug deep for savings. One reads: “During 1924 a saving of $103,161.33 was made by employing full-time den- tists at the large marine hospitals. A still greater ns;g:g has been made this year.” r: “The cost per patient per day for treatment in marine hospitals was $4.06 ‘during the fiscal year 1928. It was reduced to $3.89 in 1924. The average per dlem cost for the first nine months of 1825 was $3.68.” And again: “Savings were made in salaries by approving, as leave without pay, ab- sences on account of sickness and by not filling vacancies occurring when work was slack.” There are, perhaps, 500 other en- tries of Treasury savings in 1925. The are typlcal of all. (Copariaht. 1935.)

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