Evening Star Newspaper, August 9, 1925, Page 39

'WAR BUILDING TO HOUSE | HUGE PEACE-TIME EXHIBIT Many Foreign Nations Accept Bid to | Show Products in Permanent World k Trade Exchange at New Orleans, I BY H RY L. SWEINHART. States Government almost literally is turning the swords of into the plowshares of peace is in the case of a ammoth army warehouse built in ew Orleans during the war and which, by authorization of Congress, s to be used for a permanent display of manufactured goods and raw, prod- ucts from all parts of the world. It is to be conducted by a non-profit organization known as the Interna- tional Trade Exhibition. Plans for the opening of the exhibi- iion. which will take place on Sen- tember 15 next, the national holiday of the five Central American republics, are nearing coripletion, according to ad- vices received here. Mexico and a number of the other Latin American governments will participate officiallv, While private concerns from practical- Iv all of those countries as well as from a majority of the European na- tions, Japan, Canada and Australia also will be represented. Many large domestic firms with a wide range of products, from drugs and laces to electric supplies and steel products, {will have their goods on display for Mthe buyers of the world. All World Invited. While the promoters of the exhibi- }tion have placed emphasis on Latin American because of the close com- niercial ties between the United States and the republics to the south, the invitation to participate was extended to all forelgn nations as well as to the States of the Union. Official exhibits have been arranged Dy the governments of Mexico, Hon- duras, Guatemala and Salvador, while | Panama, Colombia and Hait! have ac- jcepted the invitation, but have not vet signed for definite space. Cuba |2ls0 is taking up the matter, it is lnnounced. The state of Yucatan, ;Mexico, will have an exhibit as well {as the federal government. Inquirles H ve been received from a number of jother Latin American governments. Some exhibits, it is belleved, will be {transferred to New Orleans from “sample fairs” now being held or to be held in England, Ger- v and Mexico. in giving its approval to the enterprise, first authorized the War Department to donate rent free the large Army depot where the ex- hibition {s to be held, and then by Joint resolution authorized the sending of official invitations to forelgn gov- ernments, providing in the same res- olution that fmported exhibits be ad- _mitted to this country free of duty, unless sold on the floor, in which cas the duty is to be paid. United States Shipping Board vessels also are to transport exhibits at half rate. To Be World Market Place. Secretary of Commerce Hoover, Dr. L. S. Rowe, director general of the Pan-American Unlon, as well as many offictals of other Government depart- ments and chambers of commerce have given their hearty indorsement 10 the project, which they believe will do much to help stimulate interna- tional trade and commerce by giving a place where buyers and sellers from all parts of the world may meet. In discussing _the exhibition and its aims, C. L. Wallace, its president, said “This exhibition speaks of business in the twentleth-century way. It comprehends. a new system of world- wide bartering, where a manufacturer with finished product to sell can meet in one spot the merchandisers from any part of the world who may want instance where the United | his goods. Examples of the resources and industrial advance of all coun- tries and all States of the Union will be accessible and visible at one and the same time. Small nations and manufacturers will be on an equal footing with the largest, for there will be available expert organizations to furnish demonstrators to take charge of hooths, sales and shipments and to carry out any other functions hitherto impossible without expensive direction and staffs.” “The International trade mart is a novel, but none the less thoroughly practical, idea in exhibitions. The plan has been so formulated that every fota of the spectacular and extruvagant features of ‘expositions’ and ‘world fairs' has been eliminated, and the world market place is to be operated in exclusively business channels, on an efficient and economical basis for the transfiction of business and the sale of the products of the exhibitors, Dboth domestic and foreign. “Even though ‘expositions’ and ‘fairs’ have hitherto been costly, entailing the outlay of large sums of money en- tirely disproportionate to the practical commercial benefits accruing there- from, and have operated solely for the edification in most part of idly curious throngs, most firms and manufac- turers yearly include in their adver- tising budget an amount of money to be used in exhibiting in such tempo- rary expositions. Advertised Widely. “In direct contrast with theseextrava- gant and impractical expositions, the International Trade Exhibition has been organized to assist in the market- ing and selling of manufactured prod- ucts, no matter where they are made, to buyers of other lands and other countries, no matter where they may live. “It 1s to be devoted to the creation and expansion of trade, with its sole and only object the establishing of a central trading point for world buy- ers and sellers, where the manufac- tured and raw products from every State in the Union and from every quarter and section of the globe wiil be on exhibit under one roof, attended by competent sales organizations to effect sales with visitors, who will be attracted by a world-wide publicity and advertising campalgn in which it is estimated more than $800,000 a vear will be spent. The exhibition Will be open all the year round; the extensive advertising will help the sale of goods and merchandise at a remarkably low cost. “One central world market for all products of foundry, loom or factory is the unique ambition of the builders of this exposition. Here will be gath ered samples of all that is wrought into shape or condition for human consumption in any country. Here will be salesmen not merely to show their goods, but to conduct negotia- tions for sale and shipment. Here will be demonstrators keeping tread with the advance of the world in the sclence of manufacturing, whether of newest ideas in the oldest profession in the world, agriculture, or of the day-by-day improvements in the amazing evolution of radio. Obvious- Iy the value and advantage of the ex- hibition will be cumulative. Year by vear its intrinsic_benefits to fmporter and exporter will grow. It will be recognized as a sort of extra lateral home or agency of a textile manu- facturer in England, a coffee grower in South America, a tea producer in Ceylon, a hat maker in Danbury, ma- chinery manufacturers of the Middl ‘West—all manufacturers everywher: (Copyright. 1925.) Italy Is Confronted With Serious Problems in National Existence (Continued from First Page.) and stifling from excess population. ITtaly at the same time, as on other occasions, argued for similar inter- national regulation which would make it impossible for nations possessing actual or proximate monopolies of raw materials to resort to embargoes or to such restrictions of output as Great Britain has lately employed in rubber to the great expense of the rest of the world and of the United States primarily. U Has Weapons. For us, however, the British rub- ber policy has only moderate menace, for in cotton and copper we have weapons for reprisal, but for Italy, .Jacking all three and every other es- sential raw material, there is no remedy. If we and the British, more- over, should pursue restrictive poli- cies ‘within all three staples with re- spect to all the world, save each her, the Italian situation, for ex- ample, would be unmistakable. There- fore. the Italians argue, necessarily, there should be some protection through international law for those who have not against those who have, &0 far as raw materials are concerned. The absence of such regulation, Count Cipplco eloquently warns the world, constitutes the greatest present and future menace to world peace. From the fall of Napoleon to the Treaty of Versailles European peace has been Insecure because of the ra- al rivalries of nations, big and lt- tle. The Germans and Itallans have fought for unity, France for integrity of frontiers; the Poles, the Serbs, the Greeks, the Rumanians, the Czechs, all have struggled for liberty. Now, despite minor quarrels over frontiers, 1 Buropean races have achieved sub- mial freedom and approximate unity. Yet even before the last war, which was largely occasioned by the racial and national problems, the eco- nomic issue was rising to view and did indeed contribute to its precipita- tion At Mercy of Neighbors. Today, with the war over and rela- tive peace restored, the fact is be- coming obvious that a nation may be free, may attain racial unity as well as national independence within fts own frontiers, and vet be hopelessly and helplessly at the mercy of neigh- bors whose territory is richer in raw materials or whose sons have been more fortunate in establishing over- seas empires. Italy, for example, having expelled the Austrian tyrant from the last foot of Itallan sofl and having replaced foreign by a national rule, not only finds the existence of her millions at the mercy of the flat of a British government, but discov- ers herself lacking in all of those raw materials which are the essential of national industry, and not merely destitute of all outlets under her own flag for her surplus millions, but also sees these millions turned away from the shores of nations whose fields are still vacant and whose factories still require hands. And, nkly and honestly, Count Cippico puts this problem before his \merican audience, the problem which is not merely Italian, but Ger- man and Japanese in varying forms, which would be British were it not for the overseas dominions and tropi- cal colonies. And the problem is also essentially American and British and French, for it is the problem of those who have just as clearly as it 1= the problem of those who have not. Whal We ask of laly, of Germany, of Japan is that they accept a condi- tion which is wholly satisfactory for us but means for them enduring de- pendence upon the will and interests of ourselves. Presents Other Cases. What Count Cippico, speaking for Italy but presenting the case of sev- eral other great peoples also, indi- cates with devastating clarity is that all talk of permanent peace is idle and even dangerous in its effect while there exists vast inequalities between great peoples, while present condi- tions at one time spell prosperity for certain races and continuing misery for others, while political independence is accompanied by economic servitude. He says by obvious Inference not that Italy is preparing to upset existing conditions by war, but that Ttaly can never accept those conditions, and permanent peace depends upon find- ing a pacific method for altering them. For centuries without number the races of mankind have fought to es- cape the political domination of other races; liberty has seemed compre- hended in the independence of the several tribes of mankind without ap- proximately natural frontiers, but the last war demonstrated with appalling clarity what the post-war history has also emphasized, namely, that nations may have political independence within natural froptiers and yet be economically utterly dependent upon the will and Interest of other nations. Count- Cippico’s warning lies in the simple statement that nations will just as certainly fight against eco- nomic as political servitude, and the way to peace must be through some solution of this problem, a solution for which quite patently neither the League of Nations nor any other in- ternational organization has as yet even formulated any visible solutfon. Security for France is the Rhine guarantee, for Britain the control of the sea, but for Italy it is assured access on equal terms with other na- tions to the raw materials of the world and equal certainty of a free egress and ingress to her own waters through the seas in which she must forever live. There is the Italian case. (Copyright, 1925.) .. Chinese Customs Raise Problem for Churches One of the most important problems facing the Christian church in China is that of finding a. bridge between Christian beliefs and Chinese customs which run counter to one another. This question received much discus- sion at the conference of the National Christian Council of China in Shang- hai and as a result a committee has been formed to discuss several points of urgency and importance of Chris- tianity in this country. Principal among these is to find & way to con- serve the best and most characteristic elements in Chinese civilization in order to find a way by which Chinese Christians may commemorate and show respect to their ancestors. The present system of ancestor worship does not fit in with Christian beliefs | and little headway can be made in Christian work while the conflict ex- ists. Another point is the influence of Confucianism. The committee was instructed to study the Christian con- ceptions of God and the Confucian conceptions of Heaven in order to find the points of difference and agree- wenly THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., AUGUST 9, 1925—PART 2 Head of the United Mine Workers Tells Of Bolshevist Propaganda in the U. S. Note: This is the first of three ar- ticles dealing with radical activities in the United States. Drew Pearson has_interviewed for The Star John L. Lewis. John Spargo and Edward F. Huyrley—a liberal labor leader, a liberal social student and liberal busineas man—aon this timely subject The ‘second article wiil be published next Sunday. By DREW PEARSON. OSCOW has been in direct communication with the coal miners of this coun- try, seeking to disrupt the union, endeavoring to stir up class war between the miners and the aperators, and in general trying to spread the Communist doctrine of the third internationale.” That statement came from John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers, who more than any other man in America knows the mind of the American working man and his at- titude toward radical doctrines. 1 had come to ask Mr. Lewis whether the Communist doctrine was (13 making as much headway among the | workers of the United States as its Moscow originators claimed. Bol- shevist propaganda, I reminded him, was especially rampant here immedi- ately after the war. Had it subsided, or was Secretary of State Kellogg justified in warning the public, as he did in his Minnesota speech, against the Communist propaganda which was being secretly spread throughout the United States? Mr. Lewls, I knew, would give a fair and unblased reply. Secretary Kellogg Right. “Secretary Kellogg was speaking strictly from the text,” the big miner replied quickly. “No man in this country, and no organization in this country know more about Commu- nistic intrigue than Kellogg and the Department of State. That depart- ment has its fingers on the pulse of radical activity in this country, pethaps even better than the Depart- ment of Justice, and it knows what money nd what agents have come over here from Russia. “The United Mine Workers once co- operated with the State Department in making an investigation of Com- munist propaganda, and I believe, that Secretary Kellogg was not exag- gerating. “Moscow has a most uncanny sys- tem of spreading its doctrines over here,” Mr. Lewis continued. “The other morning every miner in Scran- ton woke up to find one of these curculars stuck under his door. Here, read one o m. You'll find it's pure Bolshevik propaganda, aiming to upset the union. Must have been distributed In the night by some one within our ranks who had our mem- bership list. Voted to Join Reds. * Ve had another instance of Mos- cow’s intrigue some time ago, when the coal miners np in Nova Scotia actually voted to join the Red Union.” “Was this a majority vote?” I asked. “Yes, a majority vote of the union. When we found out about it we notified them that if they insisted upon belonging to the Red Union they could get out of the United Mine Workers, and so they backed away from Moscow and stuck with us.” 1 RECENT INCIDENTS IN WAR OF SOVIETS TO MAKE TROUBLE FOR REST GF WORLD The well known charge that Russia is determined to sovietize the world is again becoming im- portant. It is charged that the present plan is to work with discontented elements in all sec- tions of the world of whatever sort. Here is a list of recent evidences: 1. Four locals of the Interna- tional Garment Workers in New York suspended because of Com- munistic activities, July, 1925. 2. Communist workers make demonstration in New York on¢ behalf of Chinese revolutionists. 3. Communists burn ancient Chateau Randan in France in what French authorities declare is part of plan to destroy all historic buildings. 4. Chicago Reds riot at anti- Soviet meeting, March 16. 5. O. L. Smith, attorney gen- eral of Michigan, says he has evidence in his possession of Soviet intrigues there. 6. Chinese revolution attrib- uted to Russian Soviet intrigue. 7. Communist rising through GUNN L. LEWIS, out Italy, January 3 to 8, 1925. 8. J. Wheatly, in speech in English Parliament, advocates vio- lence to free workers. 9. British cabinet fears Japa to dominate the Orient. nese and Soviets have made pact Drew Pearson asked John L. Lewis about radicalism in America and he replied that Moscow was working now among our miners. His views are sct out in the accompanying interviéw. “Why were the Nova Scotia miners so susceptible to red propaganda?” “Because they are British,” replied the miners' president, “and the Brit- ish are more receptive to soclalism. But probably an even more Impor- tant reason was because they have been recelving miserly wages and living in hovels where rats would hardly live, so that they turned to any alternative, even to the boiler plate doctrine from Moscow, in the hope that it would change their llv- ing conditfons. “Grind men under the employers’ heel,” continued Mr. Lewis emphati- cally, “and you invite communism. Give men a square deal and you take out an insurance policy against it. That's one reason our American workers have not been susceptible to it so far. Our living conditions are fairly good. Keep them good and we'll have no radicalism in this country. There {8 no secret about the fact that Moscow is trying to get hold of the workers in the basic industries in every country. These industries are steel, coal and the rail- roads, and I know that an Intensive drive has been launched against the latter two in this country. “Of course, some coal operators would be glad to see the United Mine Workers broken up, even by such a sinister force as communism. They believe they could fight off commun- ism single handed. And it is undoubt- edly true that if they are allowed to rule thelr districts like feudal barons, as some of them do now, they car. ward off anything, even Christianity. One coal mine owner down in West Virginia openly boasts that he will let no man, not even a preacher, on his property unless he knows him and ap- proves his business. ' One coal com- pany has a 15-mile railroad up from the ‘main line, and when you get on that train and the conductor comes through— he not alone asks for your ticket, he also asks you your business. If he is not satisfied with it, off the train you go. “On the other hand, there are big, broad-minded operators who under- stand economics and social science and who realize that were the United Mine Workers to crumble they would be replaced by something far more sin- ister and radical. Not that I contem. plate any such crumbling,” Mr. Lewls added with a grin. “In the case of a coal strike in this country this Fall, will British coal be shipped in at a cheap price?” I asked Mr. Lewis. ““The best answer to that question is that British labor and mining meth- ods are 8o antiquated that at the pres- ent time their coal costs about $4.50 at the pit mouth, compared to our cost of $2.25. The British manufac- turer claims that his coal Is so ex- pensive that it boosts the price of his manufactured goods so high that he can't sell abroad. Which is a very se- rious thing when you remember that the British export 85 per cent of their manufactured goods, while we export only 15 per cent. English Labor Slackers. “The big thing that Britain is up against is her semi-soclalistic system of paying off labor. If I go down In an English pit and I am rather am- bitious and want to earn a little more than the other fellow I turn out per- haps two tons more than my neigh- bor in the next shaft. Then the next Monday the foreman calls me in and tells me that in the future my rate will be one shilling and a half per ton, instead of two shillings per ton. That is because England operates under a minimum wage law, by which an em- ployer is required to pay a mintmum wage and no more. I have demon- strated my ability to earn more than this, and therefore I am pald at a lower rate, 8o that I won't exceed the minimum. In other words, my effl- clency and energy are penalized. Never again do I speed up. I am con tent with the minimum wage. That's one reason England produces less than one ton of coal per man per day. while an American miner produces four tons plus perfday. “Another factor which limits Eng- lish production is the dole. I talked with a young fellow in Scotland who was earning nineteen shillings per week in the mines. His cousin, who was not working, recelved fifteen shillings a_week from the govern- ment. In other words, the man who worked was getting one dollar a week more t the man who didn't work. At any rate, what's the use of work- inz? “We have demonstrated in this country that our union men, under the system of pay prevailing through- out most of the country, are more efficient than the non-union men. The records of the inspector of mines in the State of West Virginia show that it takes three non-union day men to perform what two union day men can do.” The War Against Change. “Why does England retain this an- tiquated system?” 1 asked my final question. “I can best answer that by tell- ing you a story. My wife and I were ‘doing’ London under the tute- lage of an English guide and as we gazed at an old three-story building the guide sald, with awe and rever- ence in his voice: ‘That's the 'Orse Guards' bar- racks, sir.’ " ¢ “‘Yes, I see, but why don’t they tear it down?' " ‘Oh, sir! You don't understand. That's the 'Orse Guards' barracks, ‘Yes, you told me that. But why don’t they tear it down and put up odern building in its place?’ ‘Oh, siri You don’t understand In the old vs Kitchener and all them used come riding out of there.’ “Well, Kitchener doesn't use it any mere. We'd get rid of an eye- sore like that in the United States.’ _“'Oh, sir! You don't understand, si to ““The British are the same way with their mining methods,” concluded John L. Lew “They have a won- derful capacity for resisting change.” The Story the Week Has Told BY HENRY W. BUNN. | | comparison, and this only one year after death, at the height of his HE following 'is a brief sum- | power of old Hugo, to whose indus- mary of the most important news of* the world for the seven days ended August 8: The British Empire. — On Thursday the Commons, by 351 to 18, voted a subvention of ten million pounds for the coal-mining industry. The trend of British trade grows more and more unfavorable. Official statistics show the adverse balance or the fisst half of this year as 7,500,000 pounds, against 135,750,000 pounds for the first half of 1924. The pessimists predict that ere long the “invisible exports” will cease to bridge the gap between visible im- ports and exports; that Britain will soon be living on her capital. The pig iron output of Britain in June was 510,300 tons, as against 574,700 in May, 1925, and 607,000 in June, 1924. The steel output in June was 585,400 tons, as against 651,500 in June, 1924. There were 148 fur- naces in blast at the end of June, as against 157 at the end of May and 187 a year previous. The Commons approved by a ma- jority of 127 the naval replacement program of the admiralty. That pro- gram calls for the construction of seven cruisers of not more than 10,000 tons each within the next two vears, and thereafter of three such cruisers apnually; and for the annual con- struction, beginning with 1927, of nine destroyers and six submarines. Great Britain has now in all 195 destroyers, but it is claimed that at least half of them are obsolescent. She has fewer submarines than either the United States or Japan. The British designer will be- hard put to it to surpass the new French and Japanese destroyer designs and Japanese cruiser designs. Christ Church College, Oxford, has just celebrated the 400th anniversary of its founding by Cardinal Wolsey. King George, in his capacity of *vis- itor of Christ Church,” presided over the chief ceremonies. The chapel (its tower designed by Sir Christopher Wren and containing the great bell “Tom,” dedicated to St. Thomas of Canterbury and originally cast at the time of that worthy's martyrdom) is, of course, one of the most beautiful things in the world. The Earl of Reading. viceroy of India, home in England on leave, has for many weeks been in close consul- tation with Lord Birkenhead, secre- tary of state for India, concerning the working of the government of India act of 1919, which established | the dyarchy system, granting a measure of self-government to India and contemplating an extension there- of in 1929, should the experiment have justified it. As all the world knows, the experiment has not proved successtul in the central provinces or Bengal, thanks to the Swarajists. But Lord Reading seems to entertain strong hope that within the next four years the Indian Liberals or Mod- erates will gain the upper hand and so make possible not merely continu- ance (the wisdom of which has been bitterly challenged), but also discreet extension of the experiment. Sen Gupta Das has succeeded the late C. R. Das as leader of the Swarajists and appears to be no less intransigent than his predecessor. For quite sufficlent reasons the dyarchy has been suspended in Bengal to January, 1927. Rumor has it that Lord Reading has converted Lord Birkenhead from a very skepticel to a moderately hopeful attitude toward the “dyarchy.” * ¥ k% Germany.—"Liquidation” of the Stinnes industrial empire proceeds apace. One hears that British and American capitalists are buying heav- fly. The great Stinnes combine started from Muelheim-on-the-Ruhr on its career of economic conquest; shorn of its conquests, it returns to Muelheim-on-the-Ruhr and the origi- nal business of coal, iron and Rhine transport, a business great elough Lo be sure, but modest in the trial dictatorship there is perhaps no parallel in the world’s annals. ‘The idea of the “Vertical Trust” seems to have been somewhat dis- credited in consequence; but how much and for how long, remains to be seen. It was a part of the tactics of the old fox so to involve the German banks that they must, for their own behoof, stand by to help him, so that we now behold the chief banks com- bined to rescue the central province of the industrial empire and to bring in what may be saved of the spoil. That huge empire resulted from war profiteering (including exploitation of the occupled regions), and from turn- ing to account (incidentally promot- ing) the depreciation of the mark. ‘The most interesting branch of Stin- nes’ activity was the journalistic, but here he overshot himself. German journalism discovered itself to be less venal than he had hoped, and not the least dangerous menace to his empire was from the independent journals, which found it easy to use the terrible weapon of ridicule against the crude claim of beneyoluence advanced for the Stinnes policies by the Stinnes press. Stinnes’ hold of German public opinion was, indeed, precarious and dubious. Publicity can be overdone. Himself devold of culture, Stinnes os- tentatiously expressed contempt of the arts. Yet for all his prestige, it is doubtful that his name will survive the ames of Beethoven, Gothe and Schiller. The rate of output from the Ruhr coal mines continues to increase re- markably. * K k% A Balkan Flurry—Another little Balkan flurry. Some months ago the optimists were elated by an agree- ment between the Greek and Bul- garian governments providing for transfer under fair and pleasant ar- rangements of certain Greeks resi- dent in Bulgaria to Greece and certain Bulgarians resident in Greece to Bul- garia. Under the convention about 6,000 Greeks were to be repatriated by October 15 of this year. Recently there has been terrorization (including some murders) of some of these| Greeks by Bulgarian bandits, whose idea was that the Greeks should “beat it” across the border and leave their property for spoil. The Athens government has strengthened the Greek detachments on the Greco-Bul- garian frontier and has called on the Sofia government for the proper ac- tion. Rumor has not neglected her opportunity. She tells of a large Greek government order for rifles on Italian munition plants and of reso- lution taken to strengthen the Greek air force. * k X X Syria—The Hauran Drusesare cut- ting up rough. The Druses are a peo- ple of mixed (mostly Arab) blood, num- bering in all about 150,000 souls, who live in mid-Syria, distributed in three groups: One in Jebelhauran, east of the Jordan; another in Lebanon, a third in anti-Lebanon. They are re. markable for their curious religion, for courage, sagacity, hospitality, cruelty and treachery, and for the beauty of their women. Of the three groups, the Hauran Druses are the most important. They can put in the fleld perhaps 15,000 warriors, includ- ing 7,000 horsemen. The French maintain a garrison at Suweda in the Hauran. Druse war- riors fell on the town, captured part of the garrison (how many does not appear) and drove the remainder (200) within the ancient citadel. The dis- patches do not give date of this inci- dent, but it would seem that the cita- del detachment has for some time been in_desperate straits for lack of food and water. Two columns sent to their relief were ambushed and pun. | ished with c@jualtles totaling (accord- ing o one repory) 200 dead and 600 wounded; the sorry remnants fiying back to Damascus. French forces in all Syria prior to the beginning of the Franco-Rif war, numbered about 20,000. Some of these cording to somewhat doubtful reports 5.000 were about to embark at Beirut for Morocco when the Suweda busi- ness caused suspension of the em- barkation order. Some wiseacres dis- cover concert between the Hauran in- a general Mussulman movement,” is the way they characterize the Hauran revolt. One answer to that is that the Driese are not Moslems. The Hauran Drueses have given trouble to the French pretty continuous since 1922, chiefly by way of assas. sination. Gen. Sarrail is the French high commissioner for Syria. * % % x Japan—I noted last week the resignation of the Japanese coalition cabinet headed by Viscount Kato. The three Seiyukai members of that cabinet fell out with thelr Kenseikai colleagues ostensibly over a tax ques- tion, but the knowing ones are apt to ascribe their attitude to the intrigues of Baron Tanaka, the Seivukai chief. By command of the prince regent, Kato has formed a new cabinet, which consists of the Kenseikai members of the cabinet just resigned and three Kenselkal men to replace the Selyu- kai members of that cabinet. ‘Tanaka is maneuvering for a coalition of the Seiyukai and the Seiyuhonto (the present opposition) members of the Diet. Such a com- bination would dominate the Diet and no doubt dissolution and general elec- tions would follow the reconvening of the Diet in December. It will be re- called that the Japanese electorate was recently quadrupled and elections in the not distant future would seem to be indicated anyway. ERE United States of America.—The ne- anthracite miners and mine operators looking to an agreement to supersede the present anthracite agreement which expires August 31 were broken off on August 4. Each side, of course, blames the other for the break. There may or may not be an anthracite strike, but the likelthood of a bitumi- nous strike seems slight; wherefore the . public, though much bored and irritated, 1s not serlously alarmed by the possibility of an anthracite walk- out. The public, would be pleased to have a full, authentic statement of all the essential facts invoived in the controversy. The MacMillan Agctic expedition, in the Peary and the Bowdoin, arrived at Etah, Greenland, (the expedition’s naval base) August 1, on schedule time. The three naval planes are tuning up preparatory to hopping off for Cape Thomas Hubbard, at the northern tip of Axel Heibergland, 260 miles northwest of Etah, where they propose to establish an advance base for their flights toward the unexplored region between the Pole and Alaska. An intermediate base will be estab- lished approximately half-way between Etah and Cape Thomas Hubbard. Henry Ford’s bid of $1,706,000 for 200 Shipping Board vessels has been accepted. Most of the vessels will be scrapped. Perhaps some will be pro- vided with Diesel engines and used to carry Ford products. The biggest office bullding ever is to be constructed in the New York block bounded by Lexington avenue, Depew place, Forty-third and Forty- fourth streets. It will be 30 stories above and 7 below the street level and will cost $19,000,000. The Census Bureau estimates the population of New York City to be about 6,100,000, that of Chicago about 2,995,000. * ¥ ¥ % Miscellaneous.—The Belgian Debt Funding Commission has arrived. in ‘Washington. There was Dot a great deal of have been dispatched to Morocco. Ac- | surrectors and Abdul Krim "part of | gotlations between representatives of | fighting in Morocco during the past week. ~French tanks were used ef- fectively in the Wezzan sector. The Polish Zloty has tobogganed: no doubt chiefly in consequence of the Polish-German difficulties. One hears of military revolts against the Dalal Lama of Tibet and their suppression. The insurrectors were for innovating ‘‘réforms.” But the Dalai Lama has consented to one innovation. Lhasa is to have a hydro- electric plant, which will furnish il- lumination to the sundry temples and monastry, and in particular to the superb mass of buildings on Potala Hill, with the Red Palace for its central member. A report, which calls for confirma- tion, tells of trouble on July 31 at the factory of the International Ex- port Co. (British), at Manking, China. The dispatches relate that British em- ployes fired on Chinese rioters, kill- ing four and wounding several, while one British subject was killed, and that British marines now guard the property. Ratification of the two Washington conference treaties relating to China were exchanged at Washington on August 5. The United States Marine detach- ment which has been stationed in Nicaragua since 1912, took shipping for home on August 3. The first sessfon of the Tacna- Arica Plebiscite Commission, where- of Gen. Pershing is president, took place at Arica, Chile, on August 5. Probgms in Italy Are Wheat and Coal Foreign coal and foreign wheat are two of Italy’s predominant economic problems. Italy has virtually no coal and can produce only two-thirds of the wheat her people consume. To pro- duce human and industrial energy at home, instead of buying it from abroad, means to relieve her national economy of a strain that continually bears upon the national currency and has once or twice threatened to send her, financially, in the direction of Australia. Premier Mussolini has volunteered dramatically to assume control of a campaign to increase the wheat yield. Simple scientific agricultural prin- ciples, such as the selection of seed, the rotation of crops and the use of artificial fertilizers, are unknown to many sections of the peninsula, where human life is abundant, labor is cheap and enterprise is relatively retarded. While Itallan soil—half mountain—which has fed civilization for 30 centuries, cannot be expected to produce miraculous crops, there is room for much improvement which the present government seems deter- mined to realize. For coal, Italy is bent on substi- tuting water power, of which she has an abundance in the Alps and the Apennines. Much of the industrial energy of the Milan sector and several hundred miles of raflway are already served by electricity generated by waterfalls. The Credit Institute .for Public Utilities, recently established with a capital of $4,000,000, has issued $6,000,000 {n bonds o nbehalf of three leading hydro-electric concerns as a step toward the electrification of Italy. o o “Pinafore” Jazz Banned. Holders of the rights of the Gilbert and Sullivan operas have forbidden Vincent Lopez, American dance band leader, to “Jazz” the music of “Pina- fore.” Lopez, in playing the famous old operetta at the Apollo Theater in London, syncopated some of its songs, and English indignation, as soon as this “desecration” received publicity, ran high. Now if Mr. Lopez wants to give Sullivan a touch of the blues he must, do it from jafl, cates 4,000,000 BY HARDEN COLFAX. UTOMOBILE production during 1925 has swept higher than| the highest mark ever record- ed before, and all indications point to the present year's es- tablishing a new record. A stream of | motor cars more than 4,000 miles in length poured out of American fac- torles during the first six months of the current year, and preliminary figures for July point to the estab- lishment of a new record for output during the first month of the second half of the year. The record of passenger car produc- tion during the first six months of the past three years, as gathered by the Department of Commerce, reads as follows: . 1,870,518 . .1,851, -1,936,700 During the same period motor trucks have been produced in the fol- lowing quantities: 1923. " 1924. 1925. 208,324 ..201,736 236,664 1923 Record Broken. Up to the present year, 1923 pro- duction stood as the record. It no longer stands, o far as the first six months of the year are concerned, and with its going his gone the old way of merchandising the motor car. That way was coupled up with a sort of ordertaking system whereby the seller waited for fhe buyer to come into his shop and make a purchase. Today the seller and his hired men are Boing after new business. They spend little time in the show- room and office, whereas a few years ago they were to be found there at almost any hour. An intensive drive for new business carries them out al- most into the class of the canvasser. Coupled with the new spirit of hus- tling for business have been improved design and features of what the man- ufacturer has to sell and—probably of equal standing in the eyes of pur- chasers—fairly general and sharp price reductions. As a result of this combination, next New Year day probably will in- ventory mnearly 20,000,000 motor car registrations, as compared with about 17,700,000 January 1, last. That should not be taken to mean, how- ever, that there will be that number of automobiles in actual use. It has been generally accepted in that light in the past, but authorities point out Passed This Year. OUTPUT OF MOTOR CARS TO SMASH ALL RECORDS Production for First Six Months lndi- Mark Will Be the general of is erroneous. Among the 17,700,000 registrations |of 1924 were hundreds of thousands perhaps millions, of duplications. 1: nearly every State there is a new registration every time a second-hand acceptance the car is bought. In the e of that particular car, whose license plates must be turned in and which must be equipped with new plates because of the change of ownership, there is a doubling of registration. If a c is sold three times during the yea as thousands are, it a rs three times in the registration figure. Because of this practice the esti mate of number of cars in actua use has been upset. In Washington for instance, it was estimated last year that 100,000 cars were in use The basis for the estimate was the number of registrations. After the gasoline tax had failed by many thou sands to vield what it was thought it would vield, there was a check-up and the estimate number of cars in actual use was put at about three. fourths of registrations, or 75,000, In the case of Washington, how ever, the situation was further com plicated by the fact that prior to the adoption of the gasoline tax there was no reciprocity between the Dis. trict and Maryland, thus compelling the use of District registration by | many residents of nearby Maryland Replacing Worn-Out Cars. fost of the new cars, manufacturers assert, are replacing worn-out vehicl | which’are growing taster now, to t }Junl{(v}h than ever before. The bone {of perhaps 3,000,000 automobiles w | grace the motor graveyard this ye: Their lives, originally estimated an average of 5 years, have bel spun out, for the most part, to an attenuated old age which has sur prised even their makers. Seven years it is belleved now, is perhaps more nearly the average lifetime of the ordinary car given ordinary care. Nearly 4,000,000 motor cars and | trucks were produced in the Unite | States during the banner year of 19 | Last year, due to the genera | down ‘of business during late S and Summer, production to slightly less than 8,500 and trucks This year. with outp: blowing great guns, production is b ding strong to pass the 4,000,000 tota About 1,000,000 of this total, it is est mated, will go to new « rs, t remainder representing replacems i BY IDA M. TARBELL. A member of the governing board of one of our most important corpora- tions sald recently in speaking of its he gave for opposing a proposition was that it didn’t seem right. And as long as he felt that way he could not be budged. That was Gen. Grant's reason for vetoing the inflation bfll in 1874. Many friends urged him to sign it, i vetoing it would, in their. judgment, a message of approval, but, as he said, it “didn’t read right,” and he vetoed the bill. “Seeming right” and ‘“reading {right” play a much larger part in the long run in human affairs than the legalistic and the doctrinaire as well as the unregenerate are inclined to belleve. They are the chief reasons that the ofl scandal will not subside. Indeed, each exhibit offered as an oplate by those who want to still it seems to act as a stimulant, solely because of their “seeming” Wrong— thefr not “reading right.” When Mr. Doheney early in July gave his reason for putting up the {money for Pearl Harbor ofl storage depot as patriotism—a desire to give the country a defense which the Gov- ernment had not seen fit to build— {it sounded more like impertinence than patriotism, and, coupled with the chairman that often the only reason | pointing out the political chaos that | cause. Finally the President wrote | SMOOTHING OVER OIL SCANDAL ONLY IRRITATES THE PUBLIC People Will Not Be Satisfied Until Guilty Have Been Punished or It Has Been Shown There Was No Guilt in Transactions. in the bar- De which he got ade with the Interior it seemed somehow W | That is, Mr. Doheney's statement did { not close the case. Nor has the decision in the Wyoming !courts that the Teapot Dome lease | oil reserve |gain he m partment |to the Mammoth Oil Company_was |untainted ended the matter. ~What the decision does emphasize is that [the Gévernment had not had an op. | portunity to complete its evidence |1t recalls that at least two of its chief witnesses have taken up rest denge In foreign parts apparently to {escape telling what they know about | the Fall-Sinclair-Stewart, etc., opera | tion—two living abroad and not to | be captured and one finding business |in Mexico until the trial was over These late exhibits in the oil scan- | dal are irritants to the public mind | They settle into it like ngs in human flesh, festering into suspicio and bitterness. The oil scandal wil | endure until it is cleared up so that it reads right.” That does not mean until it is proved that there were bribery and conspiracy in the case, but it does mean until it is proved {that there was neithe: such was | the fact | The business of the Government is | to keep at this case until it can give | us a truthful story of what happened { Nothing else will put an end te the political unrest and discouragement the thing breeds. (Copyright. 1925.) HUGE WASTE OF BY STUART CHASE. Note: Mr. Chase has served on the Federal Trade Commission and under Secretary Hoover. For the past 10 years he has made an in- tensive study of preventable waste in American industry. The result of this study will be published in book form this Fall. Jules Verne once wrote a story which he called the “Mysterious Is- land.” It was about four men aban- doned on a desolate spot of land on the Pacific. Unlike Robinson Crusce they had no wrecked vessel to draw supplies from: they landed with their bare hands. But they were going to grow things, animals, minerals—the immemoria] 'background of human life. And in the brain of the engineer who led the party there was sclence. With their bare hands they set to work. It was a desperate struggle, but step by step they forced back cold, hunger and desolation, and in the end transformed their island into a pleasant home which yielded food, shelter, clothing, comforts. Thus Verne has showed us in minia- ture the problem which all society faces, has always faced. In the com- plexity of modern civilization, with its specialization, its accent symbols, we tend to lose sight of these stark realities upon which our social life is founded, and without which we could but sink to the level of the brute. To meet the demands of the Mys- terious Island every member of the shipwrecked crew put his shoulder to the wheel. On each man's labor the survival of the group depended. But suppose that one had spent his days in sleeping on the beach, one gave all his energy to making mud ples, one bujlt a house on the plain by bringing stones from the top of a mountain, while the last, in his haste to clear a fleld, -burnt off all the timber on the island. Find Real Parallel. Four madmen! Yes, mad enough ‘when seen in miniature. But in our great soclety these are precisely the things which untold millions of us are col ntly doing. These mad acts typity the four great channels of in- dustrial waste. The sleeper represents the man- power which on any given working day is doing nothing—by virtue of un- employment, strikes, preventable ac- cidents and diseases, the idle rich and the hobo. There are on the average about 5,000,000 such out of 40,000,000 potential workers in America. A The mud plemaker represents \!‘a on_dollar | U. S. RESOURCES, MAN ANDMATERIAL,HITBY EXPERT man power which goes into the pro duction of harmful or useless things | opium, super-luxuries, war, adulter ted goods, quackery of all kin | There are at least 8,000,000 persons so engaged in America Huge Waste “Normal.” | | _The house builder represents the required to produce d comforts because the arts—the best way of doing re not made use of. Failure {to use scientific management, excess i plant capacity, cross hauling, high distribution costs, city congestion, and above all, failure to co-ordinaté na tional production to national require ments—all combine to force the tak ing of two steps where one would suf- fice. The studies of Mr. Hoover's en gineers and others give us ground fo supposing that at least 7,000,000 worl ers count for nothing because science is not utilized. The forest destrover represents the excess man power necessities technical the job- waste of natural resources. In lum ber, coal, oil, soils, minerals, a cont nent has been gutted, and for every ton reclaimed a ton or more has been needlessly thrown away And so what is madness and foily for four men on a desert island is nor business-as-usual in a great industrial society considered as {whole. This is the challenge of Waste! (Covyright. 1925.) Skeletons of Giants Are Found in Mexico One of the most interesting of re cent discoveries in Mexico is that re ported by prospecting miners operat ing a new gold and silver mining district in the state of Chihuahua According to one of the engineers. who has reached Mexico City from the Sterra Madra Range of Mountains where the operations are being car- ried on, there have been discovered several human skeletons measuring from 10 to 12 feet in length. They were all found in one cave, being quite intact. The average length of the feet was from 18 to 20 inches. The an- thropological department of the Mexi- can government is planning to send a commission to investigate the discov- eries. The investigation is expected to clear up the origin of the wonderful Indians of the State of Chihuahua. The skeletons were all found in sitting posture, shoulders bent for- knees, ward and arms resting on upralseds, 8