Evening Star Newspaper, August 9, 1925, Page 22

FARMERS' UNIONS - URGED BY EXPERT, High Birth Rate Held Cause| of Conflict by N. L. Taylor at Politics Institute. WILLIAMSTOWN, The unionizing of indorsed ai a round-table of stitute of Politics today by Henry Charles Tay'or. chief of the Bureau of Market and Crop Estimates of the 1t of Agriculture. He was how farmers might gain hare of the national wealth. iger at this moment of n farmers h person s of operations of distribu- farm products wants to in- share of the profits but ant to increase the the by increasing Mits. Tt proper for to organize as it is for miners. plumbers and business men | to ganiz increase their gains | u xpense of others Taylor spoke of unmercitul competition between farmers and at tributed it to the high birth rate. Two hundred thousand people should move from the country to the cities «nnually to keep the competition of he farms from being too great. If the increment due to more efficfent production were used to better farm life instead of being reinvested in the farms there would be a shortage | of farm products, prices would rise more food would then be produced nd ar the same time the farmers would have bettered their conditions The zradval return of southeastern Kurope as an important factor in the Iiuropean agricultural situation was predicted by Prof. Edward F. Gay of Harvard University at another con ference. He pointed out that Russia has purchased more agricultural ma- chinery within the past two years than it did in the 15 years preceding the war. A prominent agricultural macinery firm now is maintaining 230 nstructors In the use of its machinery there instead of the 15 Instructors stationed there before the war. The increase in agricultural machinery has more than made up for the loss ‘n! Ttussian man power during the war. M: August farmers was the In- w of pr ducts is rmers! [ | GIANT RESERVOIRS OF ANCIENTS FOUND Six Believed to Have Been Con- structed 50,000 Years Ago Uncovered in Utah. By the Associated Press. GOLD HILL, Utah, August A series of six immense reservoirs be- lieved to have been constructed about | §0.000 vears ago have been discovered E = Valley. Nev., by members of the Cosmographie Society The reservoirs are triangular and range from a few inches to 60 feet| in depth. The retaining walls are about 800 yards long and are feath- ered back into the hillside. The walls are from 6 to 25 feet thick and are helieved to be composed of granite, covered with debris. The huge tanks overlook a once fertile valley, where coal deposits have since been found. It is thought iy members of the soclety that the reservoirs were used for irrigation purposes. Claims that the reservoirs resulted from glacial action have been denied by the Cosmographic Society, which points out that no trick of a glacier could construct six perfectly sym- metrical masonry formations. In a limestone cave in the moun- tainside above the reservoirs mem- bers of the Smithsonian Institution found several crude implements and weapons, among which were several “arrow springs,” a little wooden rod | with one end bent Into a hook. The arrow was placed Into the crook and ihe rod sprung after the fashion of the catapult. The “arrow sprin, considered to have preceded the how hy several hundred years ‘PROMINENT ARTISTS’ FIGHT OVER SALARIES German Theatrical Stars in Rebel- lion Against Pay Offered | by Producers. | Carrespondence of the Associated Press BERLJN, July 19.—The questions “what is a star in the theatrical profession?” and “who shall deter- mine who are the stars?”’ are only two points of the many-sided contro- versy between the German Theatrical Assoclation and the performers, which has gone into the courts. The a ciation fixed $75 as the maximum sal- y for “prominent artists” and then was instrumegtal in naming a special | commission to determine what is a | prominent artist” and who is entitled 10 the maximum salary In the first place, those who had been demanding and getting more than $75 for a performance rebelled and, in the second place, the stars vefused to recognize the special gom- | mission | o sides vher nsel for went into court, the association in timated that the stars, so far 2« their profession is concerned, still were living in the period of inflation, judsg: inz from the demands made by them. These, counsel sadd. ranged from a cuarantee of 8000 marks and 30 per cent the proceeds up to 17.300 marks. The latter amount was named as the price for a performance den ded hy Mme. Jeritza As a sort of compromise the court igzested that the salarv limitations for “prominents’ expire Julyv 30, 1926, but the association flatly refused, Another effort to reach some sort of seitlement will be made in court at & later date. ALDIé FAIR .IS SUCCESS. Special Dispatch to The Star ALDIE, Va., August §.—Judging and awarding of prizes gripped the attention of a large gathering here v, marking the second and final day of the largest horse ow and agricultural exhibit vet held in this community. Ribbon winners in all classes pa- raded at 1:30 p.m. Among the ex- hibits exciting special interest during the two days were those of the dairy ts, which competed with a large splay of dairy cattle. Draft horses, weef cattle, racers and poultry, prod- ucts and flowers were shown. Chil- dren were among the most prominent exhibitors. | | | | | of business » sheriff of a county. Rodes, a real estate TO BE URGE Pro Outlining a proposed national code to regulate the sale and possession ot firearms, a special ominittee on a uniform act to accomplish this pur pose will present to a meeting of the ) Conference of Commission- ers on Uniform State Laws in Detrolt the latter part of August a draft of a code which will be brought before Congress in 1926 to serve as a fire arms code for the District of Colum bis. Taking up all the points covered in the present District regulations pertaining to firearms, the draft of the new code forbids the carrying of firearms without licenses, forbids sales of arms to miners and goes at length into the situation from every angle While it is intended primarily for adoption by the States in the absence of a natlonal firearms law, it will be recommended by Congress after the 1926 conference to apply only to the District of Columbia and a District firearms law. Many of the points cov- ered in the Capper bill regulating sale and possession of firearms in the Dis trict of Columbia, which failed of passage the last (‘ongress, are cov in the proposed code. Urged for All States. 1t will be presented to the State commissioners’ conference by a com mittes headed by Charles V. Imlay of Washingion, who. with Walter C Clephane and F. S. Tyler, will repre sent the District of Columbia at the conference. Briefly, the proposed code does not aim to interfere with the manufac ture of:firearms, nor does it aim to require a license to purchase fire- arms. a method of regulation adopted by some States. It does not aim at o drastic a regulation as the State fect in Arkansas. Opening with a definition of a “pis tol or revolver” as a firearm with a barrel less than 12 inches in length, the law seeks to fmpose a heavier penalty for a crime by one illegally armed, making illegal possession of a pistol or revolver prima facte evidence of intent. It forbids felons possess- ing arms at ali; it forbids every one, with suitable exceptions, from carry- ing arms concealed without a license and forbids sales to minors. It regulates sales generally, requires of dealers licenses to sell, Imposing special rules Tor such licenses intended to insure proper precautions us to de- livery of weapons and as to records. These purposes are furthered by pro- Visions for penalties for false informa- tion and alteration of identifving marks on weapons. Some minor pro visions are also included. Makes No Radical Changes. The committee holds that the pro. visions of the proposed law present no constitutional objections, constitute no drastic changes in the law of any jurisdiction, and if adopted gzenerally will not only secure uniformity, but |will remove the evils of the present| lack of uniformity. One of the most serlous of these evils, the committee holds, is the ease with which a crimi nal may now go from a State where the laws are stringent to one where there is little or no rezulation and after purchasing a weapon return with it to the former and accomplish his purpose. Some of the provisions of the pro posed code follow: Committing crim when armed. If any person shall commit or attempt to commit & felony when armed with a pistol or revolver and having no permit to carry the same, he may in addition to the pup- ishment provided for the crime, be punished by fmprisonment for not less than one nor more than five years. No such statute is now in effect in the District of Columbia, although the Capper bill proposed such a law. Being armed prima facie evidence of intention—In the trial of a person for the commission of a felony or of an attempt to commit a felony against the person of another, the fact that he was armed with a pistol or re. volver and having no permit to car of his Intention to commit such ng pistol concealed—No per- all carry a plstol concealed "in vehicle or on or about his persen, <cept in his dwelling house or plare without a license there. for as provided. Violation of this sec tion shall be punished by imprison- mént for not less than one or more than five vears. The present District Code forbids any dangerous or deadly weapon concealed about the pe also it not concealed when with intent to “unlawfully same,” it is classed as misde- meanor. with & punishment of from $50 to $100 with a jail sentence of one vear. an) car yse the Limit on enses. The cpde plans 1o transfer authority to issue'licenses to carry weapons to & of police of a city or. town and the In. the District of Columbia a police. court judge may issue such a permit for not more than 2 month at a time upon proof of me- cessity and upon filing a bond to keep peace, with sureties to be provided by such judge in such penal sum as he may require. . Adequate penalties are suggested for dealers or persons who sell, lend -or give pistols or revolvers to a minor under 18 years of age, and penalties are provided for those who -know- ingly sell pistols or revolvers {o con- victed felons. Dealers must be licensed and bond filed, while for glving lalse inform: tion or false evidence of identity. im- Buried Ten Hours; Rescued. BESSEMER. Mich., August § (#).— After beinz buried under a slide of earth and rock for nearly 10 hours, Suvie Guianni, 34, was rescued late vesterday from the Tilden mine here. He had been trapped by a cave.in while attempting to reach Adolph Stencer, crushed to death in an earlier <lida. prisonment of not less than 5.and not more than 10 yvears is provided. 5 From time to time the Washington police have loaded on ‘water craft bushels of confiscated weapons. taken them out nro/np middle of the Pu- tomac river 16 a place known only to them and dumped them overboard. The Capper bill provides that weapans illegally carried shal be confiscated and destroyed. Coinciding in many. ways with the UNIFORM “GUN-TOTIN the same shall be prima facie evidence | justice of a court of record, the chief | THE SUNDAY nan of Florida, “cleaned up” a short time ago in the real estate business, and in order is love and appreciation of his relatives he has bundled together 52 of them in all, and is taking them on a tour of the United States. Rodes and his family arrived at San Francisco the other day. Photo shows a view of Mr. Rodes and his 52 relatives taken at the railroad depot upon their arrival at San Francisco, Calif. STAR, WASHING eneral SbL) b 4 D IN AL LAW STA posed Firearms Code for District of Columbia Central and Dunbar Provide Sports Planned as Model for Entire Nation—Provides for Radical Change: thought ital, th set of of civie leaders in the Cap. founded on a awn up by the United States Revolver Association, will be presented for discussion to the State Commissioners’ Conference at Detroit August 25-31. It will be discussed in all its phases and then returned again to the 1926 conference | for final action. | By August 2 of next year it will have been whipped into such shape that it can be sent to Congress to | serve as a pistol code for the District of Columbia, and to the States to clear up such discrepancies as now exist in the State codes. The com- mittee believes it meets the views of all the State police boards without be- ing unconstitutional, and thus will se- cure the effect of a uniform national pistol code without passage hy Con gress of a Federal law. 'HOOVER GIFT LIBRARY | HAS 44,500 BOOKS | Nearly All Languages Represented | in Collection of War Volumes Given to School. Br the Associated Prese STANFORD UNIVERSITY. Calif August 8. —The Hoover War Library, lendowed by Secretary of Commerce Herbert C. Hoover at Stanford Uni. ‘,versiv_\. has received 44,500 books and | wide registration of firearms in ef. | Pamphlets. in nearly all languages.| adults Every one bears in some way on the | World War. The largest number, 12,000 iprinted in Russian: 10800 are in | French, 9,000 in English. The rest are divided among Hungarian, ltalian | and other languages. | The library was founded in 1019, Many of the items, printed or out of | print, are irreplaceable, It offers stu- | dents facilities duplicated nowhere and | |paralieled only at the Musee de la | Guerre at Pa | The program of the institution |for procuring an important documents of every nation throt the war and during the reconstruction | | period. Three-fourths of this material |already has reached the library. The | manuseript_collection inciudes reports and communications bearing | |on conditions in Europe during and | after the war. This file is supple- | mented by copies of private papers lof men who were active in world jaffairs of time. The library has ollected from each country involyed . file of newspapers in sympathy with {the government, together with those of Lwo OppASition papers, representings the Left and the Right M. Hoover was graduated from Stanford in 1595. He is 2 member of |the board of trustees. i kel nalette MOONSHINE KILLS BEES. ! A Attracted to Stills by Sugar—Sap of Poison Fatal. | uro: 8.— ling by the mountaineers | inia is Killing millions of | year, accordinz to T. K. | | JEFTELD, W. Va.. August Bl every | Massie, president of the West Virginia |State Bee Keepers' Association. The | bees are attracted to the stilis by the | |sugar in the mash used in making | | moonshine and die as soon as they sup | | of the poisonous stuff, is the charge | made against distilling relative to bee | g in this area. | » A newspaper man visited a still and | | was surprised to see bees dead by the | thousands on top of the mash. At | that time the theory was advanced | v the officers that a wild honey | :che had been found and brought to | the still by the moonshiners and| placed in the mash to aid in the fer-| mentation. ral X-Ray to Register Paintings.- | In an effori to devise a safe way {10 rezister the works of great painter <0 that -imitations cannot be pawned off 'on unshspeoting purchasers in fu- ture, Dr. Roger Grandergard France proposes to.take X.ray photo-| graphs of the originals and file three coples in desiznated places where| they may be checked with the paint- | ing under discussion vears later if| necessary. The X-ray will show de- | talls such as the texture of the can- | | vas, density of the paint :nd other | internal markings, he maintains. It | would be comparable to the finger- | print system keeping account of criminals. 385 Met Violent Death in District In the Past Year? eventy-four persons committed | suicide and 311 succumbed to acci- | dents of various kinds during the last fiscal vear, according to the annual { report of Coroner J. Ramsay Nevitt, submitted to the Commissioners yes: |térday. There were 57 homicldal | deaths during the vear. {, Of the accidental deaths, $2 were | @ue to falls and biows, 65 1o automo- bile accidents within the District and | | 26 auto accidents just across the | District line; drownings, burns, : illuminating gas, 15; electric_rail: ads, 10; gunshot wounds, 5. There were a score or more of miscellaneous { ning | swimming and diving. | irls up to 15 vears of age is popular | structors. | | £ |King William "IIL always | stalks.” COMMUNITY CENTERS | and Concerts—Swimming | Proves Popular. The community center activities at | | Central and Dunbar High Schools are | attracting large numbers of voung | people and proving one of the most | | succestul undertakings of the kind in | Washington. according munityv Cenier Department, | directing the activities. Throughout the Summer the swim- | ming and tennis at the two schools e proved highly popular, as have many band concerts, The schedule for August at Cen- tral High center, as announced ves- terday by Mrs. Cecil Norton Broy, director, includes three band concerts in the stadium, which are to be free to the public—the United States Army Band playing Wednesday evening, the 13th Engineers Band from Fort Humphreys, Va., Friday evening, Au- gust 21, and the Washington Bovs' Independent Band, Friday evening, August 23. 1In case of rain on any evening the concert will be held in the auditortum at Central. to the Com- | which is | { Swimming Ts Popular. The Wednesday evening mixed swimmning for men and women is| proving so popular that it is an- nounced all three periods on that eve. will be given over to family groups and others. Three one-hour | sessions are held during the evening, beginning at 7:30, with 4ickets on sale promptly at 7 o'clock. The director announces that on Tuesday and Fri. day evenings the first two periods will be continued to be reserved for and the third period for men and the public is asked to take | of this schedule. { The expenses of the Summer sea-| son at Central are met partly through the public appropriation and partly through the 25-cent admission fee for and 10 cents for children, these fees including instruction in Children Are Trained. Afternoon swimming for boys and | and hundreds of children are learning to swim and dive under competent in-. The two regular periods | are frequently augmented by a third | period, and the first group goes into the shower room at 1:15, and into the pool at 1:30 o'clock, tickets being on sale beginning promptly at 1 o'clock. | Afterncon sessions are Tuesday, | Wednesday, Thursday and Friday of each week. { The tennis courts are in constant | demand every afternoon and the use of the courts may be had free of | charge by applying at the Commu nity Center office in the Franklin| School Building, or to the instructor in charge. at the cour The Summer season of Community | Center activities wil close on Satur-| day, August 29 PEACE OF WORLD LIES WITH U. S., 0'CONNOR SAYS Strength n{‘Amc’ricA in Balance | Would Assure Security. “Father” | of Commons Avers. | costly Correspondence of the Assoriated Press i LONDON. July That there | would be no'real security for the peace of Lurope or the world until the “full strength of the mighty Ameriean arm” was thrown into the balance in | favor of peace, was contended by T.| P. O'Connor, “father of the House of Commons,” in an address on “Future Relations’ of England and America.” The first thing, he said, if two na- tions were to work together, was fo understand each other. To the ques. tion whether Great Britain understood America or whether America under- | stood Great Britain, he answered with an_emphatic_negative. 5o far as Burope was concerned, he ald, he looked with apprehension” on the ‘future of peace, but he looked across the Atlantic far a “great big brother who will help us in the work for peace.” Britons must get out of their minds, however, he said, the idea that Amer- | icans are all children of England, | Scotland, Wales or Ireland, and added that an appeal to the spirit of the Pil rim fathers was not an appeal to} the majority of the American people. | Thrifty Dean Swit. From the London Post “King William II1 Dutch way of wrote Dean ift in his “Journal to Stella.” What Dutch Willlam's method was we may guess from the following stor It was about this time of a certain year that Dean Swift was acting host to his Dublin pub- lisher, George Faulkener. Asparagus was served and the guest asked for a second helping. Swift, however, pointed to the other’s plate, and said: “Sir, first finish what is before you.” What!" exclaimed Faulkener, ~“eat my stalks?" “Aye, sir,” replied Swift, in" his most impetuous manner; “eat your stalks, or you will have no more. eats his When relating this_story Faulkener was asked if he really did eat the stalks. To which he replied: “Yes, certainly; and if you had dined with Dean Swift tete-a-tete you would have been obliged to eat your stalks, too!" /£ me the | paragus,” taught eating Six-Year-01d Heads Cult. A boy six years old now heads the Confuclan cult in_ China. He is known as the Little Duke of Kong and he lives near Chufoo, where his fam- ily has lived for 2,600 years, accord- |inz to authenticated records. On this |site cultured men lived when the Battle of Marathon was fought, all during the rise and fall of the Ro- man empire and through the Dark ! conses of aceidental deaths. The coroner also was called upon | to issue numerous certificates during the vear in cases of death from na | ural” causes. | Ages. Do not hurry, do not flurry, noth- ing good is got by worry, o o 'ON, | {lized by males. | ployed in | talent | anoth | nal is | sale of smuggled goods. D. 10 C., AUGUST 9 BAEED RUNNNG LUGRATIE GANE Is Put on as Well Paying Side Line by Canada Rum Smugglers. By the Consolidated Preas ST. JOHN, N. B., August leg cigarettes from bootleg in Boston and New York smuggled into Canada by the thou- sands of packages. The new “in- dustry”” s a by-product of the illicit whisky business.and the tobacco is coming in by way of “return ship- ments” after cargoes of rum have been landed safely within the con- fines of the dry United States. Following the latter day customs of the liquor trade, the bootlez cigarettes are made in imitatlon of the better known high-class brands and naturally are being made In the United States without regard to the internal revenue tax requirements of the Federal Gov- ernment. International smugglers have neither the time nor the dis- position to pay Federal taxes. Other bootleg factories are to be opened. it s claimed. in Buffalo, Rochester, Detrolt, Chicago and St. Paul—also possibly Seattle. Some shipments already have entered the dominion from a new back room fac tory in Portland, Me. 8. Boot- actorles are being Women In Business. The new twin traffic of amuggling liquor into the United States from Canada and tobaceo from the United States into Canada is not monopo- Wives, sweethearts and sisters of the smugglers are em the actual smuggling op- erations as well as in marketing the tobacco. One of the most proficient motor car drivers in the traffic over the Maine-New Brunswick-Quebec re- gion is a woman. And the real head of the gang that employs her is a woman—the wife of the national leader, who often neglects business for liquor and other attractions Gradually the wife has usurped con- trol, maps out the smuggling cam paigns. supervises sales and distrib- utes the ‘“‘grease.” This feminine chieftain insists on strict adherence to rules she has pre- scribed for all employes. For in- stance, no driver is allowed to take even one drink of liquor while smug. gling on efther sidg of the border, She does not demand' total abstinence except while engaged in the smug. 8ling operations. She also forblds all drivers and guards in the service of her gang the use of cigarettes, clgars and pipes while driving the cark. This precaution is adopted to eliminate the fire hazard. She sets a time limit on all ship- ments and if the car falls to reach iis destination within the period allotted the driver or drivers face an inves. tgation which may result in dlsmis. sal. As she treats all emploves won. dertully financially, they usually kee, Within bounds. And the gang has b.e,l: reaping monetary harvest through hey business inftiative and her executive Trade Remunerative, Several of the smugglin have found the tobacctrade anis remunerative than liquor. There is less hazard in running tobacco into Canada than in carrving liquor into the United States. Canada’s frontier is_very weakly patroled by customs officers and capture of smuggling cara Is rare, particularly as the Canadian border is without adequate protection between the hours of 11 p.m. and day- break. Cigarettes that retail in the United States at 15 cents per package are sold in Canada at 35 cents. Owing to the high tariff against tobaces taken into Canada, the prices of sl cigarettes are at st 100 per cent higher in Canada than in the United States. The same is applicable to cigars and plug and package tobacco. The pioneer group in the smuggling of tobacco into Canada established ite cigarette manufacturing plant in Bos. | ton and contemplate the opening of . The Boston plant occupies a flat in a building used by small many. facturing firms. This gang produces thousands of cigarettes daily and ex. pects shortly a daily production of at least 15,000 cigarettes. From an origl- working force of 4 the em. ploves now number 16. Spectalization < in the more expensive grades of cizarettes and, like the counterfeit whisk nackages are made (o rasemble in shape, color and dasign the more widely known and most _brands. “Egyptian Cigarertes made in Cairo” is an inscription print ed on the packages of one brand. Workers Direct Plants. Other groups have not established cigarette factories, but have preferred to subsidize plants opened in the rear of tobacco shops in New York, oston and other centers. The active man- agement of these “factorjes” is vesied in_experienced workers. The gangs dispose of their cigar- ettes. cigars and tobacco to the re. tailers, usually to small grocers, who welcome an opportunity to undersell competition and still obtain a nmre satisfactory profit than wkhen buying through legitimate channels. One gang has established stores for the Another en- gages canvassers, who visit houses, stores, mills, etc., and sell on a com. mission basis. One caravan, consisting of six tourlng cars, transported cigarettes exclusively. The cost of the shipment in Boston was 6 cents per package. And the price obtained averaged 30 cents. The profit on the shipment approximated $5,000. BAND CONCERTS. Marine Barracks, tomorrow ai & p.m., concert by the United States Marine Band, William H. Sanvel- mann, leader; Taylor Branson, sec- ond leader, conducting. Program: March, “Men of Valor”....Klohr Overture, “The King's Lieuten- S .. Titt Valse serenade, ““To You”..Czibulka Grand scenes from “Madame Butterfly” Puccini “Melodie” Friml Valse de concert, “La Gitana,” Bucalossi “Three Quotations” (a) “The King of France March- ed Up the Hill.” (b) “I, Too, Was, Born in Arca- dia.” (c) “In Darkest Africa.” Marines' hymn, “The Halls of Montezuma.” “The Star Spangled Banner.” Tomorrow &t 5 p.m., at the Cap- itol, by the United States Navy Lieut. Charles Benter, U. S. N., director. March, “Soldiers of Fortune,” Pryor Rhapébdy, “Hungarian, No. 6" i Liszt Suite, “From the South”..Nicode (a) Legend from La Provence. (h) Moorish Dance Song. (c) In the Tavern. Picolo Solo, Selected. J. W. Bell, U. & N. Grand Scenes from the opera. “Der Freischutz”. Von Weber Waltzes, “Dolore -Waldteufel Two Songs— (a) “Eili, Bili” (Yiddish Song), Schalitt (b) "The Song of Songs.” Moya Excerpts from “Algeria”..Herbert “Hallalujah Chorus” (from ‘“‘The Messiah"”) “The Star Spangled Banger.” 1925—PART 1 MARVELOUS NEW MOTOR FUEL FOUND IN OLD I Delehanty, Department Special Dispatch to The Star. NEW YORK, August §.—Investiga- tion of reports that a marvelous new motor fuel had been discovered re- vealed today a romantic story of how patents under which it can be made v in a safe six vears, with their value once figured at $55 and now estimated at $100,000, undiscovered until a minor Government employe stumbled on the key to the secrets they contained. The patents, 18 of 4,500 seized during the war by the alien property custodiun and turned over to the Government-formed Chem- ical Foundation, Inc., for licensing to American manufacturers, now are bé- lieved actually to contain _secrets which forecast a revolution of manu- facturing processes among American industries capitalized at billions of dollars. Fifty Miles to Gallon. The proposed fuel, synthol, can be {made under the seized German pat- ents covering processes for manufac- ture of methanol—synthetic wood al- cohol. It is represented by Dr. T. A. Boyd of the General Motors Corporation re- search depariment as @ carbonless, knockless fuel, giving 50 miles to the gallon when used in a new type of light engine he sald had been per- tected by his corporation. Officials have formally denied that General Motors, the du Ponts and Standard Oil of New Jersey planned to produce and market the fuel and engine, but it was Jearned today that the use the patents from the Chemical Foundation, Inc., and are rushing work on a Clinchfield, W..Va., plant. While this plant can be used in making synthol, it some as part of a series of revolu tionary developments planned by nu- merous American industries as a re- sult of discovery of chemical secrets which remained hidden in the maze of chemical terms in the patents until Thomas Delehanty, Department ‘of Commerce chemist, saw their poten- tial value. Germany Floods Market. 1t was only last March when Gei many began flooding world markets with synthetic wood alcohol made at half the cost of the American distilled brand, that the patents were care- fully inspected. - Delehanty was merely seeking in- formation on which to base a Depart- ment of Commerce circular about methanbl. Noy, with his discovery as a start- er, research chemists have found that, asida from furnishing the key to methanol, the patents cover manufac- ture of the motor fuel and of a steel that is Mghter, stronger, rustless and manufactured more cheaply than any steel made. Thus the automobile industry. with a $2,000,000,000 capitalization and a $20,000,000,000 public investment, and the steel industry, capitalized at about $5,000.000,000 and annually turning out products worth more than that, is placed alongside the $100,000,- 600 wood alcohol industry in facing a manufacturing turnover through chemical advancement. While no immediate changes are contemplated, it is admitted by off- clals that these American industries are looking forward and believe that in time the hidden secrets of the Ger- man patents will revolutionize their business. Dozens of allled lines prob- ably will be affected, and chemists in- sist that almost undreamed-of pos- sibilities Ile in completely solving the patents. With these research discov- eries as a basis the possibilities of simply a new motor fuel, a synthetic alcohol or a type of steel have been virtually forgotten by American in dustrialists such as the du Ponts, the United States Steel Corporation and the Standard Oil groups in plunging ahead to furnish discoveries they hope to make through use of the German patents. West Virginia Plant Available. Whether the du Ponts will use the West Virginia plant to make motor fuel or only synthetic alcohol is not definitely known, but it is established including the du Ponts, already have obtained |licenses from the Chemical Founda tion, Inc., to use the valuable key pat ent and its collateral patents and now |are “experimenting on motor fuels, steel. ammonia. nitrate, alcohols, alco- hol products and such chemical in- dystrial products e T the meantime, on the fuel angle, it is reliably reported that the Eth Gas Corporation, whose tetraethyvl [fuel has been taken from the market Ipending Government investigation into safety of its use, actually has about abandoned plans of any re- {sumption af sale even if the allegedly poisonous qualities of its fuel later are repudiated. In trade circles the statement made that When Standard Oil (N.J. the du Ponts and General Motors seemingly laid their cards on the ta- ble by withdrawing leaded gasoline, they held up their sleeves the synthol ace and the solution of the German patents. The patent, which is considered the key to the chemical industrial situa- tion is known simply as “Patent No. 1201850, producing compounds of carbon and nitrogen.” Its language was 50 veiled and its secrets so cun- ningly hidden by the German patent- ees that it was looked on for a long time as simply the pet of some Ger- man chemist and of no importance. Filed by German Chemists. It was filed with the Patent Office at Washington February 11, 1914, by Alwin Mittasch and Christian Schneider. representing the Badische Anilin and Soda Fabrik Corporation of Ludwigshafen-on-the-Rhine, Ger- many. They were chemists for that corporation, the biggest of its kind in the world. This patent was one of 13 filed at various times between June 10, 1912, and June 14, 1914. All were inter- related, but none by itself seemed of importance. Scattered through the thousands of patents in the Patent Office, t attracted little attention. The patents themselves were granted at later dates, ‘‘twelve-O-eighteen- fitty,” as the key patent i§ commonly called, being granted October 17,1916, just before this country entered the war. ‘When this and the dozen related patents were seized, none could figure them out, and soon they were forgot- ten, lying in the safe of the Chemical Foundation, which was formed to license the teized patents to any Amer- jcan wanting them. Dye ard similar [*patents were quickly made use of, but the 13 were fcrgotten. ‘When Germany, which has always been an importer of American wood alcohol, suddenly began exporting wood alcohol ‘at the rate of 60,000 gallons a month to this country —318 - 000 gallons have come in in the past five months—Dalehanty was assigned 1o see whether there were anv pat: ented process covering manufucture of the liquid synthetically as Ger- many was doing. He found that patent covered alcohol, but almost undecipherable. In the syn- thetic manufacture, carbon and hydrogen compounds are-produced by passing various chemicals over heated catalyst at high pressure and temperature, The patents reterred to various metals that could be used-as catalysts in the process, and to com- binations of them, but neglected to American concern: 1.201 that it was Almost Undecipherable Key Worked Out by Thomas Du Ponts May Build Plant to Make “Synthol.” du Ponts have obtained a license to| is described by | that it could be used for either. Eight | ! GERMAN PA’I"ENTl | | of Commerce Chemist. specify the combination or the mast | desirable metals for various produc- | tions. It referred to pressures of “‘more than five mospheres’ and 1o temperatures of ‘‘more than 3017 de | grees centlgrade.’ No Specific Wording. There was nothing specific and nothing necded to be, for under the | American patent law a product can be gatenited and the process general 1zed. { America s one of the few countries permitting this and it was this loop- hole in the law that enabled the Ger- mans to make a mystery of their patents. But research was started, and under the generalization of the patents new diccoveries are being made every day. A legal fight over the processes has been impending for some time between Patart, the Germans and the Ameri- can interests, but with the discovery of the secrets of the key patent here, | legal authorities say there is no doubt tosthe American rights. The 4,500 German patents came into | the hands of the Chemical Foundation Inc., a non-profit making association ! formed under the trading with the enemy act to handle them, for the | lump sum of $250,000, That was at the rate of a little more than $50 each, though no figure was set on any one patent. 'TOKIO IS SUFFERING QUAKE AFTERMATH| Most Children of Slums Are Under- : nourished or Diseased, City Reports. Carrespondenae of the Associated Press TOKIO, July 10.—The effects of the | great earthquake and fire of 1923 are atill felt by the children of Tokio. In- estigators of the child welfare section of the Tokio municipality report that more than 60 per cent of the children | |under 7 years of age in the slum quarters have been found to be un healthy either because of under-nour ishment or diseases of varfous kinds There is every indication, says the report, that the situation will become worse unless immediate steps are taken (o care for those housed in the temporary structures in the poorer sections of the city |unhealthy condition of the children,’ |kald Eimatsu Okazaki, head of ihe |child welfare section, “is the fact that they have not been fed o well as they were following the zreat earthquake. |This was especially the case during |the period when the city was begin Ining to be rebuili. Jusi before that. |the ehildren in the slum districts had | been fairly well fed with supplies sent {to them by relief organizations all lover the world. Later, however. man: roor families were thrown on their own resources. In addition, the pres. lent unemplovment situation, which [Ras 1ed to an almost total lack of |work for wives of laborers, has still {further depleted the incomes of the | poorer families. “Another cause for the poor health of the children, is that thev have been forced to play in the ruins of Honjo | and Fukagawa. and much of what |seems sand and solid ground is in| |reality nothing but the ashes of the! (hufldlm:s in those suburbs. All green | growing things in these districts had | been destroved by fire and the wind | raises the dust for the children to breathe.” |GEORGETOWN RAISES STANDARDS IN LAW| | { | ‘Sti(er Entrance Requirements In- | crease Enrollment at Hill- top School. | Midsummer registrations at the Georgetown University School of Law point to an increased enrollment this Fall. according to 2 university an nouncement Having been graded as a “class A | 12w school by the American Bar Asso- | | claton, the Georgetown school will | for the degree of bhachelor of who have completed iwo years' lege work. In connection with the stiffer en trance requirements. announcement was made at the university that Rev. | Michael Hogan, S. J., of the Jesuit | novitiate at Poughkeepsie, will come to Georgetown this Fall to assume | charge of the pre-legal course at the ! college. Assisting Father Hogan will be Martin J. Smith, 8. J., who will have the classes in special Enclish. Others are to be added to the pre-legal staff. In anticipation of the new program | at the law school, a full two-year pre- legal course was inaugurated at the college last year. More than 100 stu- dents took the course and registrations thus far exceed that number by a slight * margin. ‘The law school term begins Sepiem ber 14, for the late afternoon classes. and September 23 for the morning classes. The two courses are parallel. laws col | Brooke Johns Buys Farm. Special Dispatch to The Star ROCKVILLE, Md.. August £ Brooke Johns of Washington, wel known in theatrical circles. has pur chased the farm of Charles W. Barns. north of Norbeck, this county, con taining 134 acres. It is understood the price was around §35,000. It is said the place was bought by Mr. Johns for a Summer home. . Silesia Citizens Discuss Roads, Special Dispatch to The Star 1 SILESTA, Md., August §.—At the Silesia School, August 1, the Broad Creek Citizen's Assoclation discused road matters and other questions. The treasurer's report was submitted showing a substantial balance on hand. Oakland Adopts Pay-as-You-Leave Plan on Trolleys ! By the Associated Press. OAKLAND, Calif., August 8.— The Key System Transit Co. here has adopted a pay-as-you-leave plan on its local cars to avoid con- gestion in downtown streets. ' Pas- sengers are requested to find seats or standing room quickly when they enter and to hand over their fares on leaving. The method is proving popular with womian passengers, especially those burdened with parcels and children. The new system is being used ‘only on outbound cars, pas- sengers on inbound cars continu- ing to pay as they enter. | published “The most Immediate cawse of the| | had been ta | elsewhere | that admit thix Fall only those candidates|the government | the world, was begun under Dr. ley, on the Brookeville pike, one mile | DR. RIZAL IS HERD OF ALL FILIPINGS Legislature to Be Asked to Buy Original Manuscript of Famous Work. BY WALTER ROBB. Correspondence of The Star and the Chicase Daily News MANILA, July 2.—Resident Com missioner Isauro Gobaldon, whe also a representative-elect to the Phi ippine Legislature, will offer a b when the Legislature opens two weeks hence to acquire the original manu script of “El Fillbusterismo,” by Jose Rizal, for thesPhilippine library and museum. This rare document is now the property of Valentin Ventura, an old Filipino scholar, whe offers it 1o the government for $5,000, although refusing three times that sum from various collectors This attitude ix characteristic of Filipinos and is one of the explana tions of the fine quality of their friend ship. Thev will often bestow as a gif! what otherwise is beyond price them. and they say “'Hay cosas que n: hay para vender - ‘“There are thing= which may not he sold.” This not 1aught them by Spanish chivalr but arises from native custom Dr. Rizal National Hero. Dr. Jose Rizal has become during the American regime the nationa hero of the Philippines. Pass an marble shop and one will see in conrse of completion one or more statuss f Rizal, destined for eraction on pubiir places. Hiis books. “Noli me Tang and “El Filibusterismo,” the one firs in Berlin in 1387 and other first published in Ghent in thoroughly exposed (in the allegor form in which the Filipino loves to re ceive or impart facts) what Rizal be lieved to be the defect of Spanish go ment in the islands—the overp aring influence of the friar priests as opposed to the secular priests The books trace a story of the dia bolical machinations of certain friars and deftly describe the more spicuous aspects of the Spanish ernment in the decade preceding insurrection of 1896, when the friars forced the gdvernment to its decisior to shoot Rizal at Luneta Park. Charles { Derbyshire's excellent English trans {lations of these two novels, the power fof which proved bre than that of | cannons and rifies, are under the {of “The Reign of Greed” and Social Cancer ropean ter in P F and those Aires we ment man: editions | renox | published proseribed the gove in through i 1 It was a gr | erime 10 have either hook in one’s pos | session holic it meant ex communication if discovered. Neve | theless, the honks circulated w | One who could read even the dials: | translations and w h bhooks wonld assemble his nei, his house at midnight. where dimmest light and with winde | doors tizhtly the reading a exposition would eed atre nizht to the ¢ of the volumes. ur | less meanwhile the ible civil sed of what ing on ) secured hhore bv the < closed a were appr t vas go in Schools. were no schools then excep those conducted by the religious order which the bool rously cr cized. In two of these schools R t before his universit urope—at Heidelberg Students in these schools were determined to have the bool and a way, was found. A Dominici friar had ‘written a natural his which was used as a text book. Edi tions of F 1 re made to fit inio the covers of this text, from which the students would remove the dr | pages of natural history and insert the forbidden books. The scheme, it seems was never discovered By 1886 public opinion against the friars’ activities in governmental as well as business affairs was so strong armed protest could be made against it and receive general supp The movement was primarily agains the friars. not the church itself the government When it was vived by the American occupat and friars were taken prisoners the were generally subjected to ver: vere treatment. if not tor killed. Gov. Gen. Taft abuses had existed, so he ranged, with approval feKinley. to buy up the friar estates nd remove them big factors business. Their undue influence w ‘rh terminated at 1 time of the American occupation | The original manuscript of Nol me Tangere’ was given by Dr. Riza to his sister Lucia and was acquired from her for the Philippine Librar some years ago. The Philippinian collection, in the library, the best in | Taught | There | study in ane A. Robertson, who as librarian unde: Gov. Taft carried to successful cor pletion the task of writing a 5 ume history of the Philippines during the Spanish regime, from to 1898 in collaboration with Miss Emma Helien Blair. Only 489 copies of thi= remarkable work, Ifttle known out side of academic circles, were printed, and already complete sets are rare (Copyright. 1925, by Chicago Daily News C¢ — e SAYS VOLTAIRE HAD TANK. Invention of Armored Car At- tributed to Him. PARIS, August 8 (P). tanks are beginning to pl: important role in the Moroccan war fare has led one student of hister nd Voltaire to declare that Voltaire was the real inventor of the armered tank According fn this claiment, Vollare announced the invention ahout | of the vrian Charot” which wa | armed like the modern tank. With | this® inventiion Voltaire proclaimed {that he could crush the armies of | Frederick The Great. then waging the | Seven Years War. Marshal de Riche lieu, however. turned dow the vention and Voltaire in 1770, offere | it to Czarina Catherine of Russia. whe was then engaged in war with the Turks, Catherine ordered a pair of the tanks, but later informed Voltaire that they were useless except agalnst troops in massed ranks, as she per sonally had seen them tested ews that a mor Richard Beach, a lead worker in an | English china shop for 56 years, has never had a day's illness EDUCATIONA ME ration for leading collegss Do Aapartimer for by e blah achon) age. 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