Evening Star Newspaper, June 14, 1925, Page 38

MOIDEVESERVEE USEDBY ANATELRS Drawings, Written Messages and Checks May Be Sent by New Devicg. BY CARL H. BATMAN. | There seems no_ limit to the practl- ral purpose to which the new radio eye service,” as it is called .by its inventor, Dr. C. Francis Jenkins, can e put. Its possibilities range from he transmission of written messages ind sketches between amateurs to the apid exchange of checks between »ank cashiers, the transmission of de- tailed plans ‘and specifications and even the distribution of illustrated page copy to local publishers by press syndicates. So far only the amateurs are mak- Ing any practical use of the Jenkins wpparatus, although commercial in- rerests are investigating Its value in 1 quarte At the request of Dr. Jenkins, the Department of Commerce has advised licensed amateurs that they transmit and receive pictures, drawings, sketches and maps or combinations of sketches and messages by radio. The apparatus offered to amateurs b Mr. Jenkins, in a sort of co-operative arrangement so that they may aid in developing this new radio art, may be used in conjunction with amateur radio transmitting apparatus under xisting 1 es and on the amateur wave lengths only, the department points out. It is undergtood that the 80-meter wave lensth is'a serviceable one; fortunately it low that it will not interfere with broadcast re- ception in any way. Secretary K. B. Warner of the American Radio Relay League is co- operating with Dr. Jenkins in his ef- forts to aid amateu s he foresees a great future in this application of radio. Amateurs who are always carrying on communications with brother operators in distant sections of the country, he says, may now exchange “hook-ups” by this method, which has long been one of their fa- vorite pastimes. ‘Today, howeven, with the new machines, they can ex- change diagrams in six or seven min- utes instead of waiting about a week for the mails to carry them. Can Send Check. If one amateur happens to owe an- other a dollar or two, he could write out and transmit a check with fac simile signature payable to the ad- dressee. Whether a bank would ac: cept this with proper identification not yet known, but it seems probable. This is believed to have great com- mercial and banking possibilities, once suitable mediums and means of identification are perfected. Even though a dozen stations picked up the radio check, it would only be valid in the hands of the payee. The amateurs are working out the details of practical transmission of radio pictures and manuscripts for Dr. Jenkins, who is offering them prizes for original ideas and applica- tions of this “eye” service. Dr. Jen- kins believes that great advances will be made by these embryo radio engineers. He foresees other uses of his pic- ture transmitter than just for the pictorial press. Pages of features, editorials and cartoons might be transmitted to a string of papers from a central distributing source. If this is accomplished with success and com- bined with a photolithographic process a great amount of type- setting, cut-making and many present publication methods might be elimi- nated. It will be recalled that during the printers’ strike Literary Digest photographed typewrittén copy. with- out type. Similarly whole pages .or even papers could be tsansmitted throughout the country by radio for this method of publication simul- taneously in several cities—headlines, text, illustration, cartoons and all. Another application would be trans- mitting sets of engineering plans and specifications or corrections to such plans by radio for bids, or to engineers located some distance apart. When time is the essential element this process would he unique. Other possibilities are radio letters n one’s own handwriting, legal de: cisions and official papers, including executive pardons, which might save many lives when days would be re- quired for the transmission af the original documents. It is foreseen, even, that wills, properly witnessed, might be sent by this radio process so as to meet legal requirements, but courts would have to pass on the fac- simile documents as received. BEACONS ARE PLANNED. Mexico Proposes Radio Statlons as Navigational Aids. The Mexican government is contem- plating the erection of several radio beacon stations along the Gulf at principal ports and points where navi- gational aids are needed by mariners. It is reported that the apparatus se- lected will be of an automatic type, enabling nav. tors to ablish their exact positions themselves, thus avoid- Ing dangers of coastal steaming routes. The United probably will charge for s States naval system be followed and no rvice will be made. There ngerous points along the st. It.will be recalled that acoma went aground off Tampico a year or s6 ago, resulting in the loss of the ship and several live: These aids to navigation will, it is felt, be of great service to coastal fruit and oil shipping. ; LOCAL DISTORTION. Bemedied by Cutting Out Radio- Frequency Tubes. Recefvers which employ two stages of tuned radio-frequency frequently distort the music and speech from local stations. This occurs because the first two tubes amplify the powerful local signals beyond the point where the detector tube rectifies properly. The simplest way to remedy this trouble is to cut out the radio-fre- quency amplifying tubes on local sta- tlons, or, if the wiring arrangement will not permit this, receiving local stations on a short indoor antenna will solve your problem. Farewell to MacMillan by Radio. |A special farewell program dedt- ::zed to Lieut. Comdr. Donald B. MacMillan's polar expedition will be broadcast from super-station WHT, (hicago, Wednesday night. Rev. LONG RANGE RADIO ENTERTAINMENT 7:45—Mooseheart, ure ... o Shapherd's ho hia: Arch Street’ e Rodiat ‘Bo. e 0— i 9:45—Pitteburgh : ‘Philadelphi; Concern .. 10 TO : Chimes from First 11:00—Cincinnati: Church of the C Chicago: National Radio Chicago Louisville a) Organ: Broadway B: Shicgee: Contral barch”Sorvices: uncisco Funhice. res 12:20—MinmoapoiiaSt PARl: Piymouth G nneapolis services .- 11:45—Chicago: Concert from Bai 12 NOON Des Motu Hot Sprin Atlanta: Firs 12:30—Chicagr cred concert: solo; Boston: Concert program .. 1:00—Deaver: ate Conception_Cathedral Los Angeles: First =y Los Angeles: Federation of from Firet M. E. . Chure 1:15—Chicago: Sunshine hotir: chos 1:30—San Francisco: Amusements: o ectady ' First Lutheran Church services " . achool conducisd By edi 10:00—New York: Firet Church of Christ. Scientist . Langing ry of 'Plymouth *Congregat Presbyterian Church services g Detroit: St. Paul's Episcopal CI‘IY\‘E‘;’I. i SUNDAY, JUNE 14, 1925 Programs of Distant Stations®cheduled for Eastern Standard Time AM. 7 TO IL: Catholle Church services - % 270 0 AM. 00—New York: Children’s program: : :56—Springfield: South Congregational Chureh wemic®® 9 T0 10 AM. 9:00—Rosville, N. Y.: Watchtower Orchestr § B G e istian Churo oly Trinity Church serviess 11 AM. .. WMCA 11 A.M. TO 12 NOON. enant services Uncle Walt reads the funnies to’ kiddies hurch _sert Congregational’ Ciurch’ of’ ‘hicugo TO 1 P.M. Theater. 12:00—New York: Organ recital from Lexington Theater University Church of Christ_services . Central Methodist Church services t Presbyterian Church services orchestr: olemn pontifical mass and sermon from Imm Presbyterian Church services Churches; music Los Angeles: Sermon from studio; organ recital and services choir i pi urch services: Seaside Hotel Trio; Andrew’ services Philadelphia: ‘Bethan; Sunday school " ser o6 Portland: First Presbyterian Church services .. 2 TO 3 P.M, 2:00—Chicago: Pioneer hour: banjo club; boys' band .. Davenport: Orch concert Detroit ra . .. New York: Queens County New York: “'Sunday hymn_ sing'’ 2:30—New York: Program from Piccadill Chicago: Artist recital: musical col News Or T lege progra: 3 TO 4 P.M. 3:00—New, York: ‘Atda_ Bras Gnoinnau: Serr ooseheart, 111 Concert brogram Pittsburkh Orgau recital: services ... 3:16—Atlantic City: Vo from St. Jam 3:30—Philadelphia: Federation ser ss_Quartet: solos and ces: Interdenominational church services: rmon. chimes condert . Shadyside Episcopal Church Qquartet Cleveland: Hotel Cleveland Orchestra .. . 4:00—Chicago: Studio concert New York: Roseland Orch 5:00—Chic Philadelphia: Organ recital . Boston : Concert program .. Des Moines: Doan Louisville: Song serv St. Louis: Address, Dprogram Kansas Ciuy 5:10—Minneapolis- Sorvices 6:00—Kansas City: Inf Quartet New York: En San Francisco Atlanta 8:20—New_ Y onal Sunday ol Funnies read to ork: Musical program Cowper of Drake ‘Universs from Seventh-d Forgive Us Our o: Fellowship hour; talk: concert, HO Adventist Church WHAS spasses’ . musical assical ‘music ', House of Hops a7 P school lesson McAipin' Or: the children Twilisht services from Payne Memorial i by “Roxie and his gan WEEL WIAR, WCAP. WCTS and WWJ, from . 6:30—Schenectady o Chicago: Organ: WLS Little Brown Oakland Chicago: Chapel service: Boston: Fir; 6:45—Cincinnati Pittsburgh: First United Pres! elphia: Bethany Presbyt talk Little’ Symphony Orchestra; band: Church of ‘Christ, Scientist Walnut Hills Christian Church eervices . yterian_Church services rian Church eervices .. Luthéran Church services .. Church in " { soloists choir 7 TO 8 P.M. 7:00—New York: Annual church services of the Knights Tem; Denver: Musical Springfield: Flag day program Cleveland: Musical program . Los Angeles. Plymouth Congregaii 7:16—New York: Levitow's Holel Commodore Orchestrs program; organ recital ser 2 7:30—Dallas: First Presbyterian Church services: song: Cincinnati: First Presbyterian Church services Lansing: First Baptist “hurch service: hofr 7:45—Schenectady: Hotel Commodore Orchestra from WJZ . 8 TO 9 P.M. Organ_recital .. Chicago: Ralph Williams and vocal and instrumental sol Atlantic City: Seaside Hotel Trio; soloists Atlantic City: Travmore Hotel Cones New York: Brooklyn Mark Strand Th 8:15—New_York: O WEEF, WWJ 8:30—Cincinnati: Des rgan recital, A. Choral Singers: ‘Bible ‘lecture ... his Rainbo Gardens Orchestra. s WJA] thern ' Concert Orcliestra Orchestra SR oS 13 8382 SRARR iR Lot program RPTWEAP, WS, 9 TO 10 9:00—Atlantic City: Roseville, N Y.: Choral ~ Singers ... leveland: “Evening hour as; City Temple service . New York: Elbert Hasking Atlanta: Ponce de day program: solos: ‘ocal and instrumental solos Leon Baptist Church ‘services . San_Francisco: State's Restaurant Orchestra; court Orchestra Chies New Concert Presby Zion: Male quartet and choru: strumental solo i Los_Angeles: Leighton's Arcade O: Concert Orchestra ... Davenport 9:15—St. Louis: A 9:30—Los Angel Hot Springs ther De luxe classical Central Presbyierian Church services program: orchesira . » © PLIIL B Moo 10 B0 11 PM. 10:00—Hot Springs. Los Angele Los Angel Minneapols Atlantic C Cincinnati: Musical program: Metropolitan Theater Organ recital from M t. Paul: Weather: Towa Ci Denve: Los Familiar _hymns les Omaha: Immanuel Baptist 10:30—Portl Dallas: Balle Davenport: Brothers' Orchestra . tusical program; 11:00—Los Angeles Los ‘Angel Los Angele: Musical program: Classical hour; scores: orchestra . ram ' hureh . concert B y: ‘Strand Theater organ recital G Classical program, vocal and instrumen; lag day exercises by Lodge No. First Presbyterian Church services Church cervices : First Presbyterian Church servi orchestra 11 P.M. TO 12 MIDNIGHT. Ambassador Concert Orchestra talk Flag day’ program San_Francisco: Palm Court Concert Orchestra: Rudy Selger's Fairmont Hotel Orchestra 12:00—Moogeheart, TIl.: Concert: Straight' Lertaingrs L....-..-..... Los Angeles: Examiner program . Los Angeles: Feature program 1 TO 1:00—Los Angeles: Orchestrs Local Radio Entertainment Sunday, June 14, 1925. NAA—Naval Radio Station, Radio, Va. (434.5 Meters). 10:05 a.m. and 10:05 p.m.—Weather reports. WCAP — Chesapeake and Potomac Telephone Co. (168.5 Meters). 11 a.m.—Service from Metropolitan Baptist Church of Washington. Rev. John Compton Ball, pastor, will de- liver the sermon. 4 p.m.—Open-air service held at the Peace Cross, Washington Cathedral of the Episcopal Church, Mt. St. Alban. Rev. W. L. DeVries, canon of ‘Washington, will deliver the sermon. 6:20 to 8:15 p.m.—Musical program by *“Roxie and His Gang,” from the Capitol Theater, New York City. 8:15 to 9:15 p.m.—Organ recital from Skinner Organ Co., New York City. Early Program Monday. 6:45 to 7:45 a.m.—Morning “setting- up” exercises by the Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., direct from the Metro- politan Tower, 1 Madison avenue, New York City. WRC—Radio Corporation &68.5 Meters). Program Tomorrow. 9 to 10 a.m.—Woman's -hour. 1 p.m.—Luncheon concert by -the Hotel Shoreham Orchestra. ~ “TELL IT IN MUSIC.” of America Silent. (ardner MacWhorter will be in charge of the program’and has ar- ranged for farewell speeches by Capt. faldo Lvans, commandant of the reat Lakes Naval Training Station; fbrimer mayor William Hale Thomp- son, Frederick Clerk, superintendent of New Trier High School and life long friend of Lieut. Comdr. Mac- Millan. Comedy Sketches by KDKA, “June Brides and Touring,” a 10- minute comedy sketch will be given to KDKA listeners Thursday at 8:10 o'clock, eastern standard time, as a part of The Stockman-Farmer weekly program for rural listeners, of Current Events Is Planned by WLW. “Current Events Told In Music,” is the latest feature to be offered from WLW. This unique idea originated when members of the broadcasting staff were reading the headlines in newspapers. ~Newspapers carried headlines about the recent Russian, Japanese and Chinese peoples becoming involved in a controversy. . This afforded the studio director the opportunity to have the orchestra play selections that were typical of those lands, with a brief explanation of the pews j{em. Recital vocal solos - RADIO’S BEST OFFERINGS TONIGHT. Musical program by “Roxie and. His Gang,” direct from Capitol Theater, New York City, WCAP, Washington; WEAF, New York; WEEIL Boston; WJAR, Providence; WCTS, Worcester, and WWJ, Detroit, 6:20 to 8:15 o'clock. Program from Brooklyn Mark Strand Theater, WNYC, 8 o'clock. Organ_recital from Skinner Organ Co., New York City, WCAP, WEAF, WEEI, WJAR, WCTS and WW]J, 8:15 to 9:15 o'clock. g Concert by the Western and Southern Orchestra, WLW, Cincinnati, 8:30 o’clock. Special Flag day program, WPG,9o'clocgk. Tpiok Frolic by Chuck Root’s Or- chestra, KTHS, Hot Springs, 11 o'clock. eSS PR AR LOOKING TO RADIO. Czechs Hope to Make Prague Great Musical Center. Czechoslovakians see in radio the means of building up Prague as one of the outstanding musical and cul- tural centers of the 'world. As the cen- ter of national opera, which will prob- ably be broadcast, Prague will \also play a new part in the national spirit and advancement of the country on cultural lines. The government will control broadcasting and plans to erect stations for operation on a rental basis by a broadcasting company. The national opera of Czechoslovakia from Prague may be only one of many national musical programs that will be broadcast regularly over Europe. The time seems not far away when a listener may choose between the best musical genius of a half dozen coun- tries which have enriched the world With mugle, THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. O, JUNE 14, 1925_PART 1 NEW YORK WILL PUT BIG FIGHT ON AIR| Wills-Weinert Bout Will Be First Broadcast Since Riok- ard’s Ban. The ban on broadcasting detailed descriptions of boxing bouts direct front the prize ring, which has pre- vailed generally since Tex Rickard barred the microphone from Madison Square Garden, is to be lifted Friday night when WGBS, New York, and WGY, Schenectady, will give a blow- by-blow account of the Wills-Weinert match, staged in New York for the benefit of the Italian “Hospital fund. Fhe broadcast will be the first of any important bout since the Wills- Firpo affair of a year ago. Whether or not broadcasting direct from the ring is a profitable enterprise is still a debatable question. Rickard thinks not, but other promoters are inclineg to believe that boxing can be further popularized by sending the accounts of the scraps to the country. It is an interesting note on broad- casting in general that the first really big event ever aired, beyond the meager broadcasting carried out by KDKA in the 1920 election, was the blow-by-blow description of the Demp- sey-Carpentler fight given by Maj. Andrew White from the Jersey Cit: arena. It was this which real brought home to the skeptics the fact that broadcasting was on the verge of becoming an important factor in the social life of the country. FLAG DAY PROGRAM WILL BE BROADCAST Post Office Department’s Annual Ceremony, With Musical Bill, to Be on Air. The annual Flag day ceremonies held by the Post Office Department, which this year will include a musical program by a score of the leading artists of the Capital, will be broad- cast direct from the court of the Post Office Department building, tomorrow afternoon from 3 to 4 o'clock. Among those who will take part in the ceremonies are Mary Sherier Bowie, soprano; Earl Carbauh, barl- tone, and Sergt. A. Lutkiewitz, piccolo soloist; the Washington Quartet; a double sextette composed of Mrs. Bowie, Miss Helen Howison, Miss Ritchie McLean, Mrs. H. R. Thom: J. F. M. Bowle, William E. Raymond, Newton Hammer, W. W. Gantz, Fred East, Earl Carbaugh, W. H. Clark and J. Frank Duggan. Byron Blod- gett, pianist, will accompany the solo- ists, and the entire musical program will be @rected by Earl Carbauh. A special cbncert, a1so will be played by the United States Army Band, under the leadership of Capt. Willlam J. Stannard. The invocation will be of- fered by Dr. Willlam A. Lambeth. The Flag day ceremonies were in- augurated by the Post Office Depart- ment in 1908 and since then each year Flag day has been observed in the courtyard of the Post Office Depart- ment building. This is the only day in the whole year on which the mam- moth Stars and Stripes hanging in the court is furled. At the end of the ex ercises it is again unfurled. As the postal service is 8o closely connect™l with all of the states in the Union, it has seemed proper that the states should be represented at the head- quarters of that service when the De- partment honors “Old Glory.” State flags for use in these exercises ac- cordingly have been presented by or- ganizations and individuals of each state. FIND REFRIGERATOR HURT BROADCASTING Vigilance Committees of Radio Re- lay League Guard Against Interference. Special Dispatch to The Star. HARTFORD, Conn., June 13.—Vig- ilance committees, designed to mini- mize radio interference according to plans put forth by the American Radio Relay League, have scored real success in @ number of communities throughout the country. ®he wide variety of causes of this interference, according to reports made to league headquarters here, have proven a revelation to many radio fans. In Danville, Calif., there was wide- spread interference and the vigilance committee was called in by a number of irate listeners. Investigation proved that the commutator on a m tor in an ice cream parlor refrigerator was sparking, with fatal results as far as broadcast reception was con- cerned. In another California city a com- mercial station working across the Pacific came in for a share of con- demnation. The matter was turned over to governmental agencles as be- yond the control of the vigilance com- mittee. Still further trouble that balks the best efforts of the vigilance commit- tee turned up in Oakland, €alif., when' a complaint was made that regenera- tive sets in the neighborhood were setting up a wealth of interference. Another difficulty in Oakland that still causes much worry is a violet ray outfit that thus far has defled detec- tion. A simple remedy is planned for this. When located, a radio frequency choke will be inserted in the ground lead with a consequent removal of the present undesirable noise on lower wave lengths. e TRIP AROUND THE WORLD FOR RADIO LISTENERS-IN Service Through Stations WRC and WJZ Will Be Resumed Tuesday, It Is Announced. The radio trip around the world, which is being taken by listeners through stations WRC and WJZ will be resumed Tuesday with a brief visit to Naples and Pompeii. Music ap- propriate to the Italian cities will be rendered in connection with the trave- logue by a group of instrumentalists. Following the visit to the Italian cities, the travelogue June 23, will take the listeners to Athens and Con- stantinople. The itinerary for the re- mainder of the Summer is as follows: June 30, Cairo; July 7, “Luxor—Up the Nile”; July 14, “Port Said and the Passage of Suez and the Red Sea”; July, 21, “Bombay and Agra”; July 28, “Benares and Delhi”; August 4, “Ceylon”; August 11, “Sumatra” and Java”; August 18, “Singapore and the Philippine Islands”; August 25, “Hongkong and Canton; September 1, “Shanghal and Peking”; Septem- ber 8, “Kobe, Kyote and Nara”; Sep- tember 15, “Yokahama, Tokyo and Nikko"; September 22, “Hawalian Islands™; September 29, “The Panama Canal Zone”; October 6, “Havana'; Oct(:(ber 13, “The Return to New York.” All ‘of the travel talks and the de- scriptions of the interesting buildings and picturesque spots in the coun- tries and cities visited will be given by, & &roun-of noted guides, John Smith and His Radio BY FREDERICK C. RUSSELL Car owners throughout the world have fellowed John Smith in his dedly motoring—and have bemefited thereby. Now he has taken up radio, and {s willing that his feliow fans should be amused and profit by Ms evening experiences. Smith has a faculty for “finding out things” so it will pay radio devotees to follow hém in The Sunday Star eack week. No. 20. . Visiting a Station. Belleving there was much to be gained by getting behind the scenes, Smith arranged to visit a broadcast- Ing studio. It was his first experi- ence “back stage” in radio, and natu- rally the event was filled with inter- est. Smith did not visit the best station, nor did be go behind the scenes of the most unpretentious. This enabled him to obtain a true picture of aver- age conditions and prevented him from relating to other radio fans the sumptuousness of the furnishings, on the one hand, or the apparent crude- ness of ‘the electrical equipment, on the other. ‘What impressed him were the vel vet hangings of the studio proper, where were located the plano, a few chairs, inviting lights and, finally, the innocent looking microphone through which artists and speechmakers rub elbows with the world. He had vis- ited a studio of one of the largest phonograph companies in the world, and recalled the barrenness of the phonograph studio as compared with the coziness of the broadcasting room. “I shouldn’t think it would be neces. sary to have everything so soundproof in here,” Smith said to his guide. “If I heard any sfrange noises during a concert I would blame it on static or the set.” “That’s where the phonograph and radio studlos differ,” the other ex- plained. ‘“We are fussier about noise than you would imagine, and its just because we figure there will be un- avoidable noises at the receiving end. We take no chances on spoiling your evening by giving you noise that can be avoided. A bad needle on your phonograph record is about the only thing that will add foreign noises to those which, through some oversight, were put into the record in the mak- ing.” The guide explained . that shortly they would be in a position to provide an attractive waiting room for artists. ‘Why all these frills?" Smith asked. “I've seen phonograph studios where high-salarfed artists sit in straight. back chairs and stare at blank walls.” “You are forgetting that many radio entertainers are giving their services grati: he was told. “With the restrictions placed upon the serv- ices of the cklebrities, radio broadcast- ing would have been greatly handi- capped were it not for the vounger, less known artists. It is only fair the studios should offer these people as much comfort as possible. They can entertain you better when they are being made to feel like guests of our station. “When an artist is getting a fancy figure for making a record it doesn't make much difference about the sur- roundings, so long as they are ade- quate. This explains why opera stars have always been willing to put up with tawdry back-stage _scenery. With them it is entirely a matter of business.” Smith had been looking about while the guide explained the general scheme of things. He noticed an en- gineer at work on something under the piano. This “something” proved to be a special magneto type of micro- phone designed to provide true record- ing of the overtones of the plano strings and to enable the operator to Increase the volume of the piano mu- sic when the singer “paralyzed” the ordinary microphone by singing too loud. “You see the microphone’s function is to catch the variations in sound values,” the guide explained. “Since there is a current flowing through this microphone circuit, it is possible to make it control the current used for transmission through the air. Naturally there are various types of microphones with varying advan tages. The common types are the ‘condenser’ and the ‘carbon’ micro- phone. In the former the vibrations from the voice cause metal plates to vibrate and to alter the space be- tween them. This varies the current flowing through the instrument very much as you ‘vary the received cur- rent when you turn the dial of your variable condenser on your set. In the latter type of microphone the process is more complicated. “There is another type called the ‘glow discharge.” This is simply a constant sort of purple light formed acress a gap by discharge of high voltage. The voice vibrations affect it just as they affect the plates or the grains of carbon In the other types.” Smith found himself rather abruptly coming to the end of his visit; for the program was about to begin. “Wish I had had a chance to see what was going on in the control room,” he lamented. “It wouldn't jhave been a chance,” T interposed. “It would have been a misfortune. Walt until you know a little more about radio. Then go back and pick up the story where the mi crophone left off. That'll be your pro- gram for the coming week. (Copyright. 1925, by the Ullman Feature ervice. ) Next Week, No. 21: Reflexing Made Plain. RADIO GOSSIP AND NEWS Remarkable records of _continued effictency have marked the experi- mental work of Lieut. F. H. Schnell, U. 8. N, R. F., traffic manager of the American Radio Relay League, now on duty with the Pacific fleet at Hawali, testing out short-wave radio work for the Navy. Lieut Schnell has communicated with over 100 amateurs in all corners of the country and_ has been heard with his 40 and 54 meter sending sets as far from Honolulu as Puris The experimental work, undertaken under the joint auspices of the Amer- ican Radio Relay League and the United States Navy, has further demonstrated the value of short-wave work on remarkably lower power than had been thought possible before. The 40-meter set at NRRL, most notable of the group, was constructed to Lieut. Schnell's own plans and is operated with four 50-watt tubes with sufficient strength to make it heard almost half way around the earth. All of this accomplished with slightly more power than is consumed by the average household electric iron. Lieut. Schnell, who now has the assistance of a Pacific coast amateur, is holding to dafly schedule of com- munication between NRRL and the two mainland stations, NPG, at Mare Island, Calif., and NKF, at Bellevue, D. C. The work with NPG has been practically 100 per cent perfect, while a percentage of 75 marks the effl- ciency of the schedule work between NKF and NRRL despite the 6,000 or_more miles separating the statfons. The 20-meter signals from NRRL have been picked up by stations in eastern Canada, Pennsylvania, the Mississippl Valley and on the Pacific coast in broad daylight at hours when both stations were handicapped by the sun. Among the towns where NRRL is listed on the logs of radio stations are St. Michaels, Md.; Denver, Colo. Northfield, Minn.; New York City Yates Center, Kans.: Oberlin, Ohio; Cedar Rapids, Towa; Columbus, Ohio: Pasadena, Calif.; Dennison, Tex.; Bos- ton, Mass.; Amity, Mo, and Vincen- nes, Ind. Broadcasters Total Above Par. Changes in the number of broad- casting stations on the air at monthly intervals is not unlike the fluctuations of a popular Stock on the broker's tickers pr boards. Having started at 3 In September, 1921, to carry out the parallel, _this ' broadcasting “stock” stood at 570 on June 1, only 21 points below the peak reached in May, 1923. An analysis of these figures indicates that broadcasting today, judged solely from the active stasions on the air, is well above par, which is put at 500 stations. ‘When the Department of Commerce record of the number of stations was started in September, 1921, there were but three stations in operation. Open- ing at 3, the monthly totals rose gradually until February, 1922, when 60 was recorded. The next month this figure more than doubled, being 137. The. succeeding months showed in- creases of about 74 per month, and in August a total of 508 was reached. Since that date the number of broad- casters has never been below par. The increase continued until the high was reached, in May, 1923. Five hundred and ninety-one stations were then active. The “stock” experienced a falling off to 562 in September, but another rise to 570 was manifest in October, followed by a short slump down to 527 at the end of 1923. During the year -1924 the figure 589 ‘was the high and 519 low for the year. Since September there has been a gradual and healthy increase of a few |disccurage many points a month, and today the stock stands at 570, with indications of a continued bullish trend. January showed a gain of 9 stations; Febru- ary an increase of 15, March a loss of 3, April a gain of 7 and May an in- . the Department of Commerce. See- ing possibilities of increased revenue, the government immediately declared broadcasting a state monopoly, along with telegraphy and telephony. Advocates of unrestricted radio de- velopment protested energetically, pointing out the growth of radio in the United States without Govern- ment control. They maintain that the progress of the telegraph and telephone services would have been faster had these been turned over to private enterprise. While radioing remalned a state monopoly, a compromise was arrived at whereby wave lengths of from 1 to 800 meters were released and broadeasting permits issued to com- panfes formed for this purpose. Fifty-one per cent of the required capital for these undertakings 1s contributed by the government, the remdining 49 per cent by private| persons. The broadcasting plants and technical apparatus are con- structed and the latter installed by the post office department, which holds title. The companles are obliged to pay a nominal monthly fee for the use of the broadcasting plant, while the post office is required to enlarge the plants as needs require and to install the latest improvements in equipment. Germany hasg now nine broadcast- ing companies operating nine main stutions and flve substations. Three additional substations are being con- | structed. The main establishments' are at Berlin, Leipzig, Frankfort-on- Main, Munich, Stuttgart, Hamburg, Breslau, Munster and Konigsberg. Each covers a radius of approxi- mately 150 kilometers, subdivided ac- cording to postal districts. It is stated that no additional companies are to be formed. Every owner of a radio receiving set must secure a permit from his local post office before he can legally listen in. This costs him 2 marks per month. Of this amount 1.20 marks is credited to the broadcasting station, the other 80 pfennigs are retained by the post office to defray operation costs, upkeep, etc.; it keeps all records and collects dues. Registration and collection are attended to by the local postmen. This Spring there were 714, istered subscribers in German lin, with over 300,000 registered lis teners-in, showed the greatest radio activity. Frankfort had the third radio broad- casting company established in Ger- many, those at Berlin and - Leipzig having been founded at egrlier dates. 1t was organized in December, 1923, with a wave length of 470 meters. The substation at Cassel was opened in January, 1925, with a wave length of 288 meters. ‘This _company, the “Sudwestdeut- schen Rundfunkdienst A. G. is or- nominal capital of 60,000 marks. Fifty- one per cent of the stock is owned by the federal government, 3 per cent by the municipal government of the city of Frankfort-on-Main and 46 per cent by private individuals. No more substations will be opened becaube a more powerful sending sta tion is being installed. Heretofore the energy in the sending tube (“Rohrer”) was 1,500 watts. From now on there will be from 8,000 to 10,000 watts of energy available, so that persons with small veceiving apparatuses can hear properly within 2 radius of from 100 to 150 kilometers. With 1,500 watts one can hear distinctly only at a dis tance of 30 kilometers. The company also plans to build a larger studio in June. While the financial possibilities of radio broadcasting are great, the com pany’s policy for the time being is to offer to the public purely intellectual and educational programs with enter tainment for variety. Great pains ure taken in selecting and arranging the programs, so that the latter will be comprehensive and vet increase in at tractiveness. Selections which are only the passing fancies of the public are avoided. The management en deavors to broadcast topics which are worth while and yet not too profound for the average person. It is reported extremely difficult to secure the happy medium THREE NEW STATIONS. All New Broadcasters Enter Class A Plants. The Department of Commerc able this week to keep {its broadcast newcomers down to three, all of them Class A stations. “The; KWW the city of Brownsville, Tex., 2 meters, 500 watts; WRNY, New Yo city, 258 meter: s, and KFVY Albuquerque, N 50 meters, 10 watts. WRNY had hoped to obtain a Class B license, but will have to join others on the waiting list, &s no more high wave lengths are available in New York. as re SEE ANNOUNCEMENT ganized as a stock company, with a TUESDAY'S AND SATURDAY'S STAR. crease of 4. That is, 13 stations went |off the air in May, but 17 new ones opened. Despite these statistics some experts of the Department of Commerce be- lieve the total stations on the air will soon decrease and that our “stock” figures will fall below par. One offi- cial predicts that by June 1, 1926, there will not be more than 400 sta- tions on the air: lack of results will small and some large broadcasters, he thinks. Arother indication of the healthy condition of this stock is the fact that of the total stations broadcasting 150 are high-powered units, operating at 500 or more watts each. The .smaller and less important stations seem to be the ones that are falling by the way- side. Few will miss the 5.and 50 watt stations. Of the 150 powerful broadcasters 99 are classed as B's and 61 as A’s. The average power of sta- tions is increasing; small stations seeking licenses today are virtually curiosities. Most of the 136 proposed stations on the waiting list for wave lengths will seek power between 200 and 500 watts, it is reported. Changes in Station Calls. Changes have been made in the call letters of a number of stations as follows: Station KGVO, at Kirksville, Mo., has been given a new call, KFKZ: WABL, at Storrs, Conn., has been moved to Mansfield, Conn., and the call is now WCAC; at Newark, N. J., station WBS is now listed as WGCP, with 50 watts: WCBZ has been trans- ferred from Chicago Heights to Home- wood, TIl, and its call changed to WOK; WGAQ, at Shreveport, La., has the new call KWKH: WGBD is now owned by Hub Radio Shop and Valley Theater, at Spring Valley, IIL; its power s 10 watts and its wave length 2566 meters; the American Bond and Mortgage Co. now operates station WMBB, at Chicago; WSAP, at New York, is now assigned call WSDA, and WWAE has been transferred from Joilet, Ill, to Plainfield, where it is operated by Electric Park and L. J. Crowley. Forelgners Call for U. S. Sets. During the past week six calls for data and information on United States radio apparatus came from potential purchasers and agents in Spain, Aus- tralia, Brazil, Ireland and Sweden. Sweden and’ England also desire American radlo tubes. - Queries of this sort come in each week to the Depart- ment of Commerce, which reports that they are an index to the growing pop- ularity of radio throughout the world, as well as an indication of favor to- ward American radio sets. The rap- idity with which United States radio experts are increasing also empha- slzes this trend. Radio Popular in Germany. Broadcasting reception, termed “radio sport,” in Germany has gained almost as many subscribers in 2 vears as the government's telephone company In 40 years. ~The first broadcasting station was opened in Berlin in October, 1923, two years after our first stations went on the air over here. 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