Evening Star Newspaper, October 5, 1924, Page 42

~ THE EVENING STAR _With Sunday’ Morning i.dition. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY........October 5. 1924 THEODORE W. NOYES. Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Offce, 11th St and auia Ave New York Otfice: 110 Eust 42nd S Chicago Office: Tower Ruilding. Enropean Othee: 16 Regent St..Loodoa, Euglund. unday morning < within the only, 43 cents’ per or tole. The Evening Star edition. s delivereid city Al 60 o cents per mon with the by bY ma i Rate by Mal Maryland and Virgini Daily and Sunday..l yr., $8.40: 1 mo., Daiiy only 1yr., $6.00; 1 mo., Sunday only S1¥TL 32405 1 mo., All Other States. Daily and Sunday.1 yr.. $10.00 : 1 mo.. Daily only 1yr, $7.00: 1 mo., Sunday oniy 1yr. §5.00% 1 mol Member of the Associated Press. The Aseociated Press is excluxively eontitled to the use for republication of - patehvs cradited fo it or tot oinerwise credited 10 this paper and aiso the local news pub. Dished hierein. AL righis of publication of special dispa‘elies herein are also reserved A Thrilling Defeat. s one hot all Giants! 1t was a close at ore for the reely contested third tied or and finally si decision at first base zame. fi a longer than imit lost by an Had the one down instead of up at that moment—and it might with Justice have gone either way —another tyving run crossed the Plate the cnd would then have been have knows what would But it was lost, and lost with honor, side with the heaviest long-shooting artiliery, went of home runs in th stands in left tield. Any analyst of the game 1 declare wil truth that Lad the field been of nor- mal size both of those flies wonld have been caught with there were the stands, and the flies dropped to just as long-flight bits might have gone had a National batsman swung mightily enough to propel the sphere that far. It was not written in went he tillery it because temporary But them ashington any to them a the Johnson had his first victory £o out beyond Walter misfortune of of ar world serics game seeing L accomm wd-con the Siip away ans the « tainin ng field An tions in play ervor mischief with the 1 inning. Just pui Washington in the in its half of the same nning irrors are part of the game. When one contributes to scores it all lepends upon the side on which it is de whether luck is favora And “breaks” big fortune of the contest. A that fatetul to take advantage of a by outficider to He failed Had he succeeded he would have lauded for his quickness i pe and his speed. As it was. his daring was deplored It was a _colorful, exciting full of possibilities and spectacular happenings. in the ninth by a t in the twelfth by an That is the way every one who saw it felt that in the encounter between the two champions the Nationals proved themselves quite the equal to their rivals, and gave promise of future doings that will make this series one of the most thrill- ing in t of the sport. ————— The Scouts. Washington played ances in the way me or un- favorable. part in Washington th tried slight fumble stretch his hit to two bases. play a he runner in an w inches been ept a game, replete with It was saved hit and lost untimely error. of base ball. And iely e Listory grows in that a reasonable man can commend. and it leads in so many ways that columns would be required to set down the things in which it surpasses. There come to us in the news figures to show that the District of Columbia Council of the Boy Scouts of America for the fourth consecutive vear leads all other cities of ‘its size in the United States in number of Scouts enrolled. The number is 3.588. The report says: “Not only has the local Scout organi- zation eclipsed all cities of equal size, but during the past vear it has gone ahcad of such citics as Boston. Los Angcles, San Francisco, Pittsburgh, Cleveland and Baltimore,” all of which have a larger population than Wash- inzton. Washington is the leader of Ameri- ean cities in the number of its Boy Scouts, and the United States is_ the leader among nations in that respect. An official report has it that “The Boy Scout movement in the United States has reached the new high peak of 661,452 Scouts and Scout officials en- rolled in troops throughout the Tnited States.” It is said that “This now makes the Boy Scouts of America larger than the combined strength of all the other countries of the world and the largest organization of boys in this country The Boy Scout organization in ‘Washington continues to grow. We have seen the Scout troops in all their varied activities, and to see them s to praise them. Many of us have a personal acquaintance with some of these Scouts and consider them fine fellows. They promising young men, and there is no doubt that they will fulfill their promises. We salute them. every way s0 are ————— ‘The city dweller has had an oppor tunity to mpathize with the farmer who is resentful of speculators. The base ball ticket scalper has helped to create a fellow feeling. e Washington and Crowds. ‘Washington can hold a crowd. Here we have a world series in base ball, the unveiling of a splendid monument to the Ist Division of the American Army in the World War and the dedi- cation of one of the large stadiums of the United States with fitting cere- monies and a foot 1 game in which the Marine Corps team is one of the contenders and the team of Catholic TUniversity the other. The university team has earned a reputation for skill, courage and devotion, but the Marine Corps team is classed in the front rFank of the country's grid battalions. With all these things going on ‘Washington is composed, and only in pections of the city are there great ¢ | transit. Since those days the city has { doubled in population and has s the | in the n\na!l | crowds. In the neighborhood of the White House and the group of Gov- ernment buildings near the Ellipse, where the 1Ist Division monument | stands, there was a crowd. In the irifith Stadium section of the city there was a vast crowd, and with miles of parked cars and scores of po- lice to keep traffic in order. In Brook- land and in and around the grounds of Catholic University was another large crowd. ‘In all other parts of the city life moved calmly, and there were | hundreds of miles of streets quieter than usual. In all the suburbs every- thing was calm, and in 10,000 homes dinner was ready on time when Pop got home from the busy city. ome folks have a false notion of Washington's ‘crowd capacity. There was & time at the early inaugurations of Presidents when 100,000 or 200,000 | visitors upset the train service and |put a tax on hotels and street car i pread | over three or four times more ground. | Union Station, with its scores of | tracks from North, South, East and | West, has been built. New bridges | over the rivers and smooth. hard roads | from everywhere have been built and | the automobile has come. Hotels have been multiplied, and there are a score | of restaurants where there was one 20 30 years ago. When the Shrine was coming to | Washington it was said that the town | would not hold the crowd. There was |a sreat crowd in the Avenue and | nearby streets, but the city was not crowded. Washington itself turns out | ja crowd which will pack the Avenué |and adjacent streets, as witness the reception to the ball club. | With three big events in progre jand perhaps with half a dozen na- | tional conventions going on, Washing- {ton was calm and has gone its way with no more excitement than would | be felt by any other city whose base ball club had won the pennant in a | major teague. | o | Illogical Resentment. An illustration of the unreason | which affects some voters in the pres- | ent presidential campaign is given in {a dispatch to The Star, printed Fri- | day, from a staff correspondent at 1 heard of one farmer today who had 000 bushels of wheat in 1920, when iwhl\nl was quoted at about $2.70: he | borrowed a dollar u bushel on his wheat land then held it, hoping that the price | would go to $3. While he was spending. , the money he had borrowed the price {fell and fell. In the end he had to sell | for less thun $1 a bushel. Since then his crops have heen short or the price has been low. He is stone broke. Hight members of his family arc going to jvote for La Follette. The fact that it | was his poor judgment and not the Re- publican administration which put him in a hole is not considered. This man gambled on his wheat. He { could have =old his crop for $67.500. | He hoped to get $75,000 for it. He bor- rowed $25,000 and spent it. He vir- tually played a marginal game, put- | ting up $67,500 worth of wheat for the {sake of a gain of $7.500 additional profit. He lost. The market fell. What pulled it down? Speculation such as his contributed. No political influences | affected it. Economic law governed. But in his heart he blamed the ¥manipulators,” not Yealizing tHat he as himself playing the very .game {that is charged against the factors and middlemen and brokers, to the disadvantage of the wheat grower. Tllogical? Of course, to the extreme degree. Yet a typical case of blaming one's own fault upon another. This thing happened while a Republican administration was in office. There- fore the Republican party is to be held responsible for the disaster. If it had been a Democratic administration that Oregon farmer would hnvci blamed the Democratic party. | Along comes a candidate for the) | presidency denouncing the regular parties and offering panaceas for the ills of the agriculturists and the work- ers and all sorts and conditions of men. Could he have sent that wheat price on up to $3 a bushel in 19217 Could he have prevented the fall in price back to a dollar? Assuredly he could not. But the farmer who was stung by his own bad judgment and his greed for a few more thousand dollars of gain, when he had a large profit right in his hand, now feels that perhaps somehow, by some legerde- main of politics, this candidate may | save him from future disaster of this i sort. | No candidate for office. if elected, no party in power in Government, can save @ man from overreaching him- self. from helding too long to a crop for better prices and losing his profits through foolish dealings. No candi- date and no party can check the wheat from rusting, or keep out the grasshoppers or hold back the frosts or assure the needful rains. Nature is supreme in these matters, and nature governs the laws that control the prices. Still, eight votes in one family are to be cast for the “medicine man” because it so happened that a Repub- lican occupied the White House while this Oregon farmer was fooling away his fortune. There is no accounting for the vagaries of judgment in campaign vears. —_———————— In addition to profiting by the price of wheat in the markets the agricul- turist can effect a valuable economy by holding out enough to bake his own bread. After all it is still the ulti- mate consumer who pays and pays. ————————— As a “dictator” in the realms of public entertainment Judge Landis has managed to get far more of the spotlight than Will Hays. —e—. Lotta's Will. Charlotte Crabtree—La Petite Lotta of the stage from about 1853 to 1891—who died at Boston a few days ago, left an estate of $4,000,000 and in her will made magnificent be- quests for objects that were close to the little woman's heart. When Lotta was one of the prominent actresses- in the 70’'s and 80's she was believed to be a rich woman. There were stories in circulation as to her economy and thrift. She did not waste money in lavish living. She kept the major part of her large and steady earnings and, either through her .own sound sense or ladvlcc of good counselors, she made investmenfs that paid. One of her ‘investments” which was highly ¢ Though Lotta speculative, and an “investment’ which few persons make money, was in race horses. She owned a racing stable and Lotta's colors flashed on many tracks. Even by this means she seems to have made money and retired from the turf “ahead of the game.” There is no doubt that the greater part of her fortune was made by _investing in real estate. She bought land and put up buildings in various cities in whose future she had faith. These investments made her a multimillionaire. in_her youth was known .for her thrift, she early be- gan to make some fame for serself as' a philanthropist. No doubt the list of her benefactions is long. but there comes to mind at this moment the fountain she gave to San Fran- cisco when such a gift was a popular benevolence, During the great war Lotta came from retirement to give her name and aid to charitable af- fairs and she was active in many forms of war work. In her will she leaves a trust fund of $2,000.000 for the benefit of dis- abled veterans of the World War and their wives. and names as trustees Gem. Clarence R. kdwards, Judge Willlam Waite of the Superior Court of Massachusetts and William A. Morse of Boston. She establishes “The Lotta Agricultural Fund” for the benefit of graduates of the Massa- chusetts Agricultural College to aid them in entering the business of farming. She establishes a trust fund of $300,000 “for the care of dumb animals, but principally to wage war on vivisection.” She creates “The Lotta Theatrical Fund” of $100,000 “for needy and worthy actors and actresses.” She creates a trust fund of $100.000 in aid of discharged con- and another trust fund of $100,000 in memory of her mother for making Christmas gifts to the poor. She establishes a trust fund of $50.000 as the Lotta hospital fund to provide beds for the poor in Boston hospitals. She also made generous bequests to relatives, who, however, are now reported as planning a contest. The name of Lotta brings up many sad-happy memories to old and mid- die-aged men and women. They feel a sense of pleasure that the merry little actress made and kept her money and on leaving the world left her fortune to carry on good works. - It is sometimes best for a candidate to make only such speeches as are re- quired by formal circumstances. It is not desirable to encourage the popular tendency to mingle in confused con- sideration eminent statesmen and fa vorite entertainers. — - Fortunately for the already heavily burdened United States Senate the industries pertaining to the Nation's entertainment are endeavoring to pro- duce their investigating ma chinery. own o Higher prices in active markets do not indicate any business agitation be- cause of the complicated, though rather remote, possibilities pointed out in connection with the coming elec- tion. e The eyes of the country are again turned to Washington, D. C.. the city to which people look for their base ball information as well as their politi- cal news. s —————— The term “closed incident” is to cer- tain popular persistences no more reliable in base ball than it is in diplomacy. r————— There have been several mysterious disappearances that kept the public guessing. That of Grover Bergdoll is the latest. o To revive an old-time paradoxical phrase, Senator Brookhart is a Repub- lican, but not working at it just now. - Base ball exemplifies that it is im- possible to keep one or two bad boys from intrduing on any playground. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Threats. Diplomatists give hints of woe Unless things happen thus or so. But men have frequently declared They may be coaxed, but never scared. Diplomatists are quite surprised When fights draw near as advertised; For this old world has never yet Been made more peaceful by a threat. Remarks for Immediate Consumption, “We'll never forget the things you said in that speech tonight.” said the handshaker: ‘“‘not as long as we live.” “I'm sorry to hear that,” comment- ed Senator Sorghum; “you know a man in my line of endeavor does have to change his mind sometimes.” Total Disappearance. Sister Susie’s bathing suit no longer is required. | She took it home and put it on de- posit. And now it's lost forever. For a mouse those togs admired And dragged them through a knot- hole in the closet. > Jud Tunkins says if women are ex- pected to keep up with all kinds of important public activity they may es ‘well make up their minds they'll have to learn to play base ball. Not the Agricultural Role. “Don’t you ever feel thoroughly hopeful and contented?” “Yes,” replied Farmer Corntossel. “But what'd be the use of mentionin® it. Nobody'd believe me.” Zones Overlooked. The street car runs from place— And in addition to that pace ‘We ride as earth revolves each day, ‘While also speeding on its way Around the sun, which also moves Along: in space, as sclence praves! How is it that the railroad skips A chance tocharge for all those trips? place to “We didn't realize we was livin' in what was gineter seem de good ol times,” said Uncle Eben, “when "bout de worst dat could happen in de street was bein’ run into by a bicycle.” | after Avocation Needed, Marshall Declares; Suggests Politics BY THOMAS R. MARSHALL, Former Vice Preaident of the United States. One of the prerogatives of old age Is garrulity. The good nature of the American people finds expression in their tolerance toward the man who thinks he has won a doctorate in the school of experience. Without im- patience they permit him to diagnose diseases of the body politic and other digseases that he runs across. and to offer remedies. They may not con- sent to take his remedy, but they are willing to pay respectful attention while he cracks up his cure-all. _Nearly every man has a vocation. Yet, only a few seem to realize that it takes a long time to perfect one in any vocation. Perfection is always remote, although methods of pro- ficiency as set forth by those who have achieved success are numerous. To instance, one might suppose be- cause of the many works on medi- cine and law that a novice would be equipped to discharge every duty. Not so. Otherwise it would not be the practice of medicine and the practice of law. Accomplishment does not ac. company the procurement of a di- ploma. Dificulties Are E: The difficulties in preparing one's selt for a vocation were brought harply to my mind several years ago n the trial of a lawsuit. The action was one to recover damages for al- leged malpractice upon the part of a surgeon. The disability which he had sought to remove was a dislecation of the thigh bone suffered by a man who had been run over by & wagon loaded with brick. As the trial pro- ceeded the main point of controversy was whether the dislocation was downward and forward or upward and backward. A noted surgeon was on the wit- ness stand to give expert testimony and he was being cross-examined by one of Indiana’'s most brilllant law- vers. Whether an ordinarily com- petent surgeon could have discovered the character of the injury was the point that the lawyer was trying to establish through the witness. The witness countered by asking the law- ver what he meant by an ordinarily competent surgeon. This led to an exchange of definitions. The witness described an ordinarily competent surgeon as one who profits by his mistakes in that he learns by his own experiences. The lawyer appar- ently was amazed. With a voice like thunder he demanded to know: “Do You mean to say that your profes- Wion is o uncertain that you sur- geons practice off the infirmities of mankind?" To which the witness answered: “Yes: the practice of surk- ery and the pra e of law are much alike in that respect. I knew you when you could not try a dog case. Yet vou kept on practicing law at the expense of your clients until now you are known as a great lawyer.” In many waye one generation can start where the last generation stop- ped, but this ix not true as applied to a vocation. This we acquire from day to day and year to year by con- stant practice. nt. Vocation In Essential. A vocation is essential to the lead- ing of & normal life—a life of succe: THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. The Treasury Department of the United States handles more money than any other one institution on carth. As the national tax collector, as the supervisor of the monetary and banking systems of the Nation, as the conservator of the national credit, and as the guardian of the financial resources of the Ccountry, this department occupies a position of unique importance. The Govern- ment one vast business entity. and the Treasury is that entity’s purse. The collection agency of the Gov- ernment {s the Bureau of Internal Revenue. Tt has 65 districts through- out the United States. Prior to 1917 the relations of the bureau were with a relatively small number of firms and individuals engaged in specified occupations. Within a brief period the declaration of war with Germany, the burcau was trans- formed Into an agency that reaches millions of citizens. The income tax today is the chief source of revenue. Approximately 7,000,000 individual returns are filed annually, not all of which, however, are taxable by reason of the exemp- tions and credits. The intent of the tax law i3 that each person shall pay in_proportion to his income. The most interesting part of the physical work of the Treasury is the manufacture of money. For this pur- pose it maintains an establishment known as the Bureau of Engraving and Printing in which an average of $11,000,000 is printed each day. The | paper used is of the toughest linen and is made by a secret process pro- tected by statute penalizing its manu- tacture for other purposes. Supplies of blank paper are guarded as care- fully as the finished money, for if a counterfeiter can obtain this dis- tinctive paper, he has made a good start toward producing spurious cur- rency. : ; The plates from which money is printed are made with the most ex- acting care. The public is not per- mitted to see the engravers at work, nor does any one engraver prepare’ an entire plate. It usually takes about a year of continuous work to complete one of the original plates. The money never is printed from these originals, but from duplicates made by a mechanical process. The. Great Money Factor. One of the most thorough systems of accounting in the world has been installed to Insure the Government inst loss during the proces: Peinting. _Out of the $11,000,000 of paper currency printed every work- ing day in the year, only one piece goes astray in every three or four years. In such cases the workmen in the room from which the paper disappears, even though all the evi- dence indicates an innocent loss, have to pay the printed value. It requires about 20 days to com- plete the Intricate process of getting a plece of paper money ready for circulation, during which period it is counted about 50 times. It costs the Government about 1 cent and a half to issue each national bank note. ‘Uncle Sam is the gainer every time a plece of paper money ls lost, for he will never be under the necessity of redeeming it with gold. He main- tains a force in the Redemption Bu- reau where torn, burned, or otherwise damaged currency may be redeemed. If three-fifths of a damaged note is sent in, the bill may be redeemed at face value; if less than two-fifths be sent in, half value will be given. The seal which appears on the paper money of the United States is a relic of the days antedating the Constitution. The words abbreviated are “Thesauri Americac Septentrio- palis Sigillum.” In English these words mean, “Seal of the Treasury of North America.” To those well in- formed in history, this tells of a time in American annals ‘when it was hoped that Canada would become a part of the United States. The die from which the present seals are made was prepared in 1849. The processes of coining metallic money are no less interesting than of making paper currency. one’may take gold to the United | for ail s ) and contentment. 1 have observed the lives of many successful, con- tented men, and I know not one who does not deliberately or unconsciously believe that from the purely human viewpoint three things are essential to a successtul and contented life. Each one had a vocation which he followed, and in which he sought to make himeelf proficient. Each also had his periods of recreation, in which he let the world go hang. As to these essentials, the world is pretty well agreed. Most men have their voca- tions. Most men also have some form of recreation. Here and there a man may fool himself and try to fool others by insisting that his recreation Is merely treatment td fit himself the better for the pursuit of his vocation, but he takes the recreation in any event. 4 The third essential, however, is more and more being omitted by men in thelr scheme «of life. I refer to a man's avocation. It is just as es- sential to his success and content- ment as his vecation and recreation. The number of men who have avoca- tions seems to be decreasing, due perhaps to necessity, vet some work apart from the grind of his lifework is needed by every man—some real work different from that by which he lives. Loafing does net always rejuvenate the zest of man for his dafly work. Recreation alse fails at this at times. 1t often takes a dif- fer kind of work to send a man back to his regular task refreshed in body and mind. ities, His Recommendation. With our population all the time becoming more congested, opportuni- ties for following an avocstion are lessening. More and more we are being restricted to our vocations and recreations, Just now, however, all of us may adopt as an avocation what has long been one of Indiana’s prin- cipal industries—politics. We may lose a few dollars in the next few weeks by reason of the uncertainty of the election, but if we no longer can have our gardens to work and our little carpenter shops in which to tinker, and cannot engage in the simple activities which formerly filled the time between work and play, we can get our minds off our business and away {rom recreation by putting our best thought to a consideration of the problems of public life and to the character and views of the can- didates for office. We can try to in- still into the minds of men the prin- cipies upon which the republic was founded. We can study new theories reject them, If wrong. and courage- ously accept them if right. We can do this, too, without partisan zeal, bitterness or ill will toward any one. Here is a chanee for the tired busi- ness man and woman. It is a chance men and all women to get away from both work and pleasure for & little while. ¥ducation in how to vote is as valuable to the republic as the never- ending warning to the voter that he ought to vote. Of course, every quali- fied voter ought to vote and he ought to vote intelligently. A nation-wide adoption of a course in politieal edu- cation as an avocation would bring about acceptance of Emerson’s maxim, “Ballots should be weighed, not counted.” (Coprright. 1924, by 21st Centnry Press.) States Mint and have it coined. After the metal has been assayed to ascer- tain its degree of purity, it is mext putsthrough a process which removes all forelgn materials. As pure gold would be too soft for money. an alloy i added to give it the proper degree of hardness to withstand handling. When Uncle Sam Gains. The Government makes a profit on all coins except those of gold. The difference between the actual value of the metal in a coin and the face valu¢ of the coin is known as seig- niorage. The metal in a 1-cent piece is worth only a small fraction of its face value: the remainder represents a clear profit to the Government Every time a coin is lost Uncle Sam | makes the difference hetween its| actual value and its face value. That | many coins are lost is shown by the | fact ‘that although the little half-cent pieces that were issued many years ago are very seldom seen nowadays, over 8,000,000 are outstanding—that is, they never have been returned to the Treasury. It is cstimated that 6,000,000 of these have becn lost for- ever. A peeuliar fascination attaches to the bureau of the Treasury known as the Secret Service. Contrary to popular impression, this is not the police department of the Govern- ment. The Secret Service has two principal duties—the suppression of counterfeiting and the protection of the President. How comparatively little counter feit money there is in circulation is shown by the fact that out of some $3.000,000,000 which passed through the hands of Treasury .officials, less than $12,000 in bad money was found. An_ important to the Federal Government is the | customs duty on {mports, and the | Treasury Department has in charge the administration of the tariff law Wwhich levies this tax. Collections now are being made at the rate of more than $600,000,000 a year and are increasing. Since the founda- tion of the Government some $17,- 000,000,000 has been collected in cus- toms duties. Two-thirds of all customs business Of the United States is done at the port of New York, where it costs less than 2 cents to collect each $1 of duty. ::rl:\b:x::‘:n precautions are taken to 2 ¢ smuggling into the United States of goods properly subject to tarift duties. Men conceal diamonds in secret holes in the heels of their shoes. women wind rare' laces and Silks around their bodies or sew New Xe:l:c:;ec:.luso Jags in Paris gowns yment of duties wl specially high on luzuries, "~ " 27 The Best Ranking System. Experts declare the United States now has the most efficient money and b‘lnkln!’ system in the world. The Federal reserve act was approved December 23, 1813, setting up an en- tirely new system of issuing paper money against business credit and gold. The Nation is divided under this system into 12 districts and a Federal Reserve Bank is established In each one. These banks have branches in other cities and all na- tional banks are members of the Fed- eral Reserve Bank. Qualified State chartered banks may join at will Each member bank subscribes to the capital stock of the Federal Reserve Bank in whose district it is located. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York is one-fourth as great in re- sources as all the other 11 put to- gether and may be regarded as the biggest bank in the world. In the Treasury is located the big- £est bookkeeping department in the world. 1t is the general accounting| office, at' the head of which is the source of revenue controller general of the United States. He, with his staff of expert auditors and accountants, keeps the books of the whole government estab- lishment, and has broad powers of deciding what expenditures are legally ‘authorized. Questions in- volved range from the cost of a bat- tleship to the cost. of & pen point. The Bureau of the Budget performs for the whole Government the func- tion of guarding the National purse, 1924 —PART- 2 Capital Sidelights How radio broadcasting has cnmr! to furnish the principal indoor, stay- | at-home, quiet-evening, recreational and ecducational entertainment for the American people by the millions 18 interestingly told by William D Terrell, chief inspector of radio for Unele Sam. It makes a timely intro- ductory sidelight for the third na- tional radia conference, which opens at the Department of Commerce to- morrow, with Mr. Terrell as the mas- ter of ceremonies. The radio telephone had been in use experimentally for several vears prior to the estabilshment of broad- casting stations in 1921. In 1914 the American Marconi Com- pany conducted radio telephone periments from the Wanamaker sta- tion, New York. An old-type Victor gramaphone was uesd in the trans- mission of music. In 1915 the voice of a person speaking through the radio telephone at Arlington, Va., was heard at Honolulu and Paris. The files of the Department of Com- merce contain a letter, the writer of which claims that he carried on wire. less telcphone experiments success- | fully over a distance of 5 miles dur ing the period between 1898 and 190: employing amplifiers of the multi- audiphone type operating within a vacuum. ‘We would probably not have browd- casting stations today. Chief Terrell Points out, if musical Instruments had not been used In testing radio tele- phone transmitters. When the music was sent for testing purposes it was heard by the amateurs, and immedi- | ately requests were made for more music. This was furnished and the news spread. Immedfately there was a demand for receiving sets. The demand increased and with it radio telephone transmitting stations were established. Broadeasting created. How it has grown is told in terse figures. On June 30. 1922, there were sz licensed broadcasting stations; on the same date the next year therc were 573, Broadcasting is now permanent- | 1y established, says Mr. Terreli, and “every effort should be made to in- crease the use and value of this in- comparable means of reaching the public. xox % % There are men in Congress who know a particular part of the United States Government service “from the ground up,” and that's why although there is an almost constant rumbling | against the class of individual con- gressmen that happen in after almost every election, yet by and large the| work of Congress is commendable. | There are men there who are experts on every question that comes before Congress, and their counsel is of value in having the right sort of leg islation passed By way of illustration resentative Scott there's Rep- Leavitt of Montana, who has the unusual distinetion of | being a forest ranger. familiar for many vears with the great ontdoors come to help make the Nation's laws Two years after he came out of the Spanish War the wanderlust got a good grip on Leavitt and he went to make good on a squatter claim in the coast range mountains of Oregon, 20 miles from a settlement and at the back door of the Grand Ronde Indian reservation. His cabin was built of shakes split from a giant fir tree Winter and Summer for more than three years he packed his grub on his back from a foothill settlement. e would loose himself for davs alone in the mountains where ferns grew to his thoulders and firs reached aloft a | hundred feet to the first limb His first job in the foothills was ir | a sawmill, where by main strengih he | wrestled boards and edgings for $25 a | month, with pay out for any b downs. ~ Ultimately he had done everything in the mill except run the big saw and the engine. The happy climax of those days was that in the foothill town. where he worked in the sawmill and later taught school between trips into the mountains, he found the voung woman he later induced to become his wife. She was the daugiter of pioneers who had come to that sec- tion in ox wagons over the Oregon trail in 1844. It was also this experi- ence that predisposed him sometime afterward, in the cow country north of Goose Lake. to become a forest ranger and begin the work with sad- dle horse and pack outfit. which only ended in Montana in the days of the World War. = If word gets around of Dr Waiter P. Taylor the biological survey is up to at the United States Forest Service experimental station at Flagstaff, Ariz. a migration of hungry porcupines may set in from all parts of the country. Here likely young “porkies” are being fenced in on forest areas. with nothing in the world to do but gnaw bark from succulent Western yellow pine sced- lings and saplings. From the porcupine’s point of view this is much the same as if a small boy were to be compelled to enter a pie-eating contest at the Sunday school picnic. The “porkie’s™ pienic is, however, of considerable scientific interest to Dr. Tavlor and the mem- bers of the southwestern lumber in- dustry. They want to find out who's to blame for tree girdling by which many young trees are Killed each year. One “porkie” has made a rec- ord of 30 square inches of bark a day to his discredit ¥ * ko= When the State of New Mexico was yet a Territory, there drifted into that unexplored region a voung man whose mind was set on building a better educational system—John Mor- row. He had been born on a farm in Wisconsin and attended a little red schoolhouse on a muddy crossroads. He prepared himself to carry out his ideal by a normal university training and teaching school in Wisconsin, Towa, Nebraska and Mexico. He was superintendent of public schools from 1892 to 1896 and president of the Board of Education, Raton, from 1903 to 1923, and regent of the New Mex- ico Normal University, Las Vegas. Morrow is now the member of Con- gress from New Mexico, and believes he has found a way to carry still fur- ther his work for higher education, by working for the preservition of the scenic wonders of his home State as a visualized history Then one August day a flat surface rock sank into the ground opening up to the eye of man a labyrinth of nat- ural wonders unknown before in the present history of the United States thus disclosing the now famous Carls- bad Caverns, a magnificent under- ground castle which has not vet been fully explored, but which already is said to outrival the Mammoth Cave in Kentucky. ¢ Representative Morrow made the principal speech wheh these caves were formally opened for exploration and partially for sight-seeing. He is now on the ground determined that what record the ages have left here shall be read and preserved for better education of the peopl: — | P what | of It is in the Treasury Department. but not under its jurisdiction or direc- tion It is under the immediate di- rection of the President and operates under his instructions. It is the President's agency for handling the details involved in the preparation of his estimates of appropriations for the ensuing vear, estimates of re- ceipts and expenditures of the Gov- ernment for the prior, current and ensuing years, and statements rel- ative to-the financial condition of the Government. The President is re- quired by law to transmit the budget to Congress on the first day of each regular session. (Oopyright,. 18243 more |, MEN AND AFFAIRS BY ROBERT T. SMALL Walter Johnson, American League and of the cl Semators, boasts more distinguishe “discoverers” than any ball | ever rose from the bushe: time.” He was “discovered that One-esed Big Bill Ha being tried at Boise, Idaho, mous Western Federatioz of Miners murder cases, and the pretly in:le Idaho caplial was filled with correspindents, lawyers, gunmen. detectives, miny own ers, dynamiters i everything The trial dragged along for munths, and Sunday always was a red-letter day. for it meant a ball game of the saye brush league. It was a particularly « mine day when the Weiser w coming to town and bringing the « non-ball king. Walter Job with it. In these days would have ru nd 10 Walter's straight onc. Even fhe gunmen admit that, and they were no novices i fire. Every Su pitching star of the big tim¢ in the fa- 1o bullet ast day afternoon had pitched his customs run game, the “disco gather at the hour of the solemnly predict that “boy” would “make gaod” I the majo They were all going to write “hoimne about him. The Writer was no excentic to the rule. He did it. toc If today a society of Walter Johnson were to would include a notable tional figures. There would be, for instance Darrow, the defender of the Leopold boye And Martin firm of J. . Morgan & Co And C.'C. Hamliin of Colorado Spring the “awful ogre” who starte ple Creek riots, according to the o but now a staid newspaper p the ““Lord Northcliffe of the region And 0. K. Davie, now t and guiding genius in the ¥ Council. Bob Meidrum, D ¢ Bartels. three srandest ers that ever packed a - And Old Man MePartlin, the trepid Pinkerton of them all. And Nevin, the | al publicity man John W. Davis. Then some of the ot were A. E. Thomas newspaper playwright aftorward | of Colorado went from organized the Gathering As, the magazine the actress in Boise i than the Prince ter: Caivin atesman. and afterward v of the Associated Turner. Gooding “rnor of Idah ley. and probabiy « himself would claim eredit if he could be Russian wilds. Ther too, many of the and a fading tioning them However, Fifty Years Ago In The Star after Walter no-hit, no rers” would peritif and ome day that be formed it Loeh and Kgan, a partner in t ners rieto who graduated from ranks into a first-ciass “Jimmie® Nola came Secretary o Russell Kennedy and onal News McCiy I Barrymore Falk lived plays bet Wille mar Harry wiio who polo of much of d Railroad Cay Lighting. I} is un editorial referr that had lately occurred “The attention the authorities h called dangerous : lamps of railway postal cars by the recent terrible death of a postal elerk on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The matter of lighting is left to the discretion road companies. but the has for vears invariahly 1 the use of the * lamp.” using lard oil the same mater quantity to prevent tor, and a,nt of lines have suggesti over whicl have entire dreadful accidents There are road—one. we halicve, t Central—which usxe zas for purposes very esslully with- out running any risk of accidents hy fire. It would be a good thing if all roads would adopt this metho cause g 1874 to a casualty be aracter of kerc Post. office pos departm German s in Sur should many curred kerosen and suc 1ed to be ital ad- half a cen despite dif- the QOc- ex- Propos; for moving from Washington conti vanced. Capital Movers tury ago. at It Again, o ovvious ficulties in the and the inability Capital agree upon a in substitution. In The Star of tober 2. 1574 the following tract from the New York “A convention to be h at Lotisville on the of Gctober 1o consider the qu ion of removing the ational Capital to the Mississippi Valley. A vast amount of talki will be done. but nothing will come of it. If the Capital is once removed from Washington it will have to be put upon wheels complete movers to 21st and carried about from one point to another as caprice shall dictate. There is no good ar- gument for removal which will hold- for a moment against the expense and trouble it will cause. Steam and the telegraph have made Washinz- ton more central today than it was when the thirteen colonies fixed upon it as the Capital of the Government Then it was a wilderne ow it is enriched by historical associations. dignified by noble buildings and become the most beautiful city America. To those who are mot pecuniarily interested in the pro- posed job of removing the Capital it would seem like sarilege the spot around which o many sacred memories cluster. As well change the names of the 13 States, that gave the Nation independence to re- move the Capital from the city that bears the name of the Father of his Country.” has in * Henry T. Blow was one of the first District Commissioners appointed un der the Commissioner Blow law on District’s Prospect. viding provis al form of government for the Dis- ‘rict in 1874 in succession to the ter- ritorial government. In The Stir of October 2. 1874, is printed an inter- view with Commissioner Blow upon his return from a visit to Missouri, giving his views on the immediate and prospec requirements of the District_and its outlook for develop ment. The Star said Commissioner Blow stance that there is no city country in better circumsta with better prospects, ail thinzs con sidered than \Washingion. Oth are heavily burdened with 1 pay for their public impr and they have no rich partner, as this City has. to help them out. Th citizens of this District have alreudy done nobly in the way of public im- provements, by which they have set at rest for all time the question of the removal of the scat of Govern- ment, There is really no argument left for the advocates of the scheme. The mud holes and dust disappeared; the old canal nuisance stated in sub- the Xes to r who | was | who | to abandon | pro- | heaps have | if any thinks ther he can in the line of come forward | hold his peace major league compete with “discoverers’ now player Waiter let him or forever after The incipient which ha York theat weeks has managers if others ; will clo and climi from their New York wave of morality been threatening the New 5 these last two or three at leaxt some of the of feet, oven ing the beautitul girls cuss” words one of the re udly anno not their the I w an *eript reviews hak 1 Roge the ains that ood opencd ot chow and person fully « to the wher was the the town was othed end. It wa the show firs fied srea a some of Riris toot Mother d had had to possessed ex harming fiz léave Ao upon her on eversthing «he “pt three rather the morality « enee W Meeting pse of Kve 1 of the long. | gaze which d the earlicr performances, B ducer's fect gnt coldar still [ something curtain fNeeting as wel W curtains is noy pleasinz inartistic name' the aud » what n thy * o sports, it is young ghis Robb i been battling national amateu t did not attain won Lecause he stronz competitor, bu best he knew te better thar Bobby didn he just kep and getting vitable that his crack and tumble hful manager Nationals, pennant precisely the When the rac York Yar tionals innin n game by game = athlete p watching this the Kt W1 Cap of strateg e New granted that th to win every gams G “But we are Heard and Seen ack himself has wheat? days Thin nd imn conie usually vear, f the ann | 1 i nes turn to elightful world seric on, the an hits the leaves b droo; their hildren snuft hat as that eat t restauran have a sense o in the where t the prop Here | prociain la e mer wal go for granted, the TH this place | to their | Aluence « e for the It hard Be they rowaffes, ade With eggs, or butter, or conta aring light te 4 sirect of passersby that < therein consuming de The shop lets tha evidently, for inside 1 the dim light that ont windows neat and clean. In tomers attend strictly wn affairs. It is the in the waffle nign provender zods - -all any article of “hits the spr te st {ticious genuine a wafl sue or waffle waflles cooked 1 butter n however they waffles are waffics or ling b r 1t They barred the gods lives, and finally out of It vent er; & are together are those inimitable n search of Olympus devoted inventive up shop eross which their Renius and go : lacking had shut modern ingenuity watfle iron. 1 n rison with Jove took the to in an mog Jupiter It i display cakes | done n for nothing that children ing passion for pan- akes, wafles. whether in wheat. buckwheat or corn of cakes a healthy hoy with on a cold, frosty | morning simply astonishing, every one knows from personal | pericnee, either as a boy or a | or s both, as time unreels the pass- vears ing of the Corn cakes. perhaps ha of all tempting entirely their too wafll ffer another who have 1o those lof wafles. It is surpri how many waffie eatere never have tackled wafMes made with As a variant of great are to be heartily com gridd stack is as © the most Their flavor. own. Corn treat, especially not run the gamut g meal they corn theme rended * The fine art of waffle taught by the waffic 6f two main points 1 t 'em hot 2. Use plenty of good butter. Your true wafle eater insists upon both of these points. He will eat tough waflles, if necessary, but h will not eat cold waffies Give a waffle eater plenty of pip ing hot wafes, and plenty of good butter, he asks no more of the world for t beinz CHARLES E ecating, caters, consi TRACEW oblitcrate have ant ¢ lawns and in place of them we n streets and gutters, pleas rives and wal and attractive and parks. Public spirit and | thrift scem to prevail generally, not withstanding there a general de pression of business throughout th | country But these periodical. de pressions are always remedied by a tion of the cause, which is ex- travazance, and a return Lo the habits of economy.” | cost