Evening Star Newspaper, March 16, 1924, Page 43

FRANC'S FALL ACHIEVES WHERE POLITICS FAILED Poincare Adamant to Allied Statesmen, L B Forced to ‘Abandon Policies, Held Dangerous to All BY OLIVER OWEN KUHN. RANCE'S foreign policy insofar as it pertains to Germany, Wwill be brought into complete alignment with the desires of wartime allies, according to advices which have been received in Wash- ington. The socalled imperialistic and strictly natishalistic desires of Premier incare either will be abandoned or o curtailed as to cause no frigtion with England and Italy, not Yo speak of the United States, in final settlements, Instead of clinging steadfastly to continued occupation of the Ruhr and the Rhineland territories; instead of fastering continued resistence of Ger- man separatists in the Rhine regions und in other way: in the gulse of reparations sanctions, throwing ob- structions in the way of Germanic effort to regain the Rhineland and the Ruhr with subsequent_economic and financial restoration, Premier Poin- care will bow to the decisions af Gen. Dawes' financial experts who have sifted the whole reparations situa- tion. The experts have made it known unofficially that the French occupa- tion cannot continue if Ger- many is to pay; that there must be almost immediate withdrawal of French force along the Rhine, that Germany must be permitted to float a great loan, possibly $300,000,000, and one not prejudiced by demands from the French that this be paid on repa- .rations account, and that a mora- torium over a period of years, pos- sibly five, shall be granted in order that the industrial and economic ma- chines of Germany may be revamped, oiled and set going again with pre- war efficiency. Upon this depends final payment the experts are said to have decided. ! Early Settlement Seen. i Premier Poincare has capitulated, at least modified, his stand to such an extent that early final settlement comes within the realm of possibil- ity. And Polncare has been forced from his adamant stand, not through ! exigences of the political situation in [ France, but through the insistent de- mands of. French bankers, who have called the government to book in the process of extricating the franc from its perilous position in the world's money marts. It truthfully must be said that| France faced a financial Verdun the past three weeks, the franc continu- ing a downward course with phenom enal speed, notwithstanding_ the na- tion's natural wealth. France face untold losses from which she could not be expected to recover in a dec- ade had not international bankers stepped into the situation and, with British reassurances and American pledges of a $100,000,000 loan checked ; the hurtling franc and started back on safer pathways. ¢ Though the French are prone to cite Germanic delays in payment of repa- rations as the real cause of the franc's fall, international bankers and statesmen have been more inclined to believe that the tremendous govern- mental overhead expense, occasioned so largely by Poincare’s political poli- cies and actions in Germany, really bas been responsible. There being no hope of early settlement, the franc started to fall, recently with greater speed. It may be suspected, and not without some grounds, that certain banking circles of the old world has- tened the plunge of the franc, tim- ing their greatest onslaught with the | expected report of the ‘financial com- mission investigating the reparations commission, thus hoping to force France's hand. However, this report is expected to be delaved and the im- petus of the declining franc had to be stopped before a cataclysm. Investors ImPeriled. British and American investors were imperiled by the movement of the franc and it is not in the least strange to see American and Brit- ish bankers spring to the rescue. ipronounced with the !rassing pledges to France. their efforts eventually will be sub- ordinated and nulled, should the French government persist in policies generally attributed dangerous to the stability of the French and conti- nental financial system. Consequently it is but natural that French bankers, closely allied as they are with bank- ers of England and America, should demand modification of Poincare poli- cies and even go so far as to insist that the Dawes commission report be the basis of early settlements with Germany. Unquestionably the Poincare go ernment got a scare of its life dur- frane collapsed to further unheard of low levels, which it was in fair wa of doing, then the government would have been the victim of such insur- mountable political obstacles as to end its tenure. The action of American and British bankers came at the psy- chological moment, but not even then, until after there had been adequate assurances from the French government that it would minimize, if not completely eradicate, those policies tending to prolong un- settled financial and commercial con- ditions on the continent. Drop Works for Goed. Whether the raid on the franc was initiated by interests inimical to the French with the idea that no group of important world bankers would g0 to the rescue is of little moment, for the franc's plunge evidently worked results that could not be achleved by the most eloquent allled states- men. If the franc holds firm in the future the recent fall will really work for the salvation of France. If the raid was Initiated through pro- German sources as charged by the French then these sources must have suffered great chagrin when the up- ward tendency of the franc became announcement of the large loan from America. If there was premeditated assault jupon the franc with the hope of forc- ing French capitulation to Germanic ideas of settlement before Germany was forced to make further embar- it failed. With success, however, _unquestion- ably the Germans could have entered any deliberation without necessity of bartering. As the situation prevails at the moment Germany will know that France will be forced to withdraw eventually from the Ruhr, but not un- til after the Germans have given fur- ther promises of reparations pay- ment with adequate guarantees. Germans Raise Obstacles. The Germans, according to Paris cles in the way of the work of the Dawes commission recently and this might give some clue as to the con- nection between Germanic reparation desires and the raid on the franc. However, it is more to be expected that German resistance to the Dawes financial plan is born of the desire of reich officials to square their ac- tions with political expediency, par- ticularly in view of the approaching German elections occasioned by the dissolution of the reichstug. Fur- thermore, the proposed gold bank and its eventual essentfal connection with the bank of issue has caused some waves of discontent in _influential circles. There also hus been grave concern as to what will happen when the industrialists cease thelr pay- ments on account of reparations af- ter April 15, as has been threatened. The government is unable to take them up because of the serious con- dition of the Relchsbank and unless Germany is able to obtain a loan a serious financial situation will resuit and much of the good work resulting from the government's effort to sta- bilize the mark will have been lost 1in_the chaos that results. It is believed that in the final anal- vsis the German government will ap- prove the findings of the Dawes com- mission. When pledges of support are given the commission findings will be forwarded to the reparations commission, where quick action may be expected thereon in view of the Though they have not been respons- ible for saving the franc against the onslaughts in other countries, even desire of various governments to bring an end to the reparations im- passe. High Traits of Instilled Into Midshipmen! HE life of the midshipman in the U. S. Naval Academy has always tugged powerfully upon the imagination and spirit of Young America. Rear Admiral Hen- ry B. Wilson, superintendent of the Naval Academy, has just given Con- gress an interesting insight into the training of youth at_the academy. “You have Naval Academy gradu- ates in Congress and in the cabinet. Senators Weller - of Maryland and Howell of Nebraska were graduated from the academy,”” Admiral Wilson points out. “You will find them among our most eminent scientists, among ship- builders and steamship managers. The man who invented the trolley car ‘got his fundamental training in electricity at the Naval Academy, and-the man who invented the elec- tric drive from battleships got "his fundamental. training at the acad- emy.” ¢ Admiral Wilson emphasized that there are few institutions of learning in the country today that turn out young men inculcated with honor, loyalty and obedience, in wdditicn to the fundamentals of their respective :ru!mlun!, as the Naval Academy oes. High Prineiples Instilled. Briefly sketching the life of.the midshipman at the academy, Admiral Wilson says: “When the midshipman coies to the academy in the summer we first indoctrinate him with the traditions of the place” The mission of the Naval Academy is “fo mold the ma- terial received into educated gentle- ! men, thoroughly indoctrinated with honor, uprightness and truth, with practical rather than academic minds, with thorough . loyalty to country, with a groundwork of educational fundamentals upon which experience afloat - may bulld the finished naval officer, capable of upholding when- ever and wherever may be necessary the honor of the United States, and withal giving due consideration that healthy minds in healthy bodies are necessities for the fulfiliment of the individual missions of the graduates, and that fullest efficiency ‘under ‘this mission can only be attained fif, through humane yet firm and just di cipline, the graduates carry into the service respect and admiration for this_academy.” B Admiral - Wilson explains' that th midshipman 1is taken around tke bulldings and over the. grounds, where he is shown ail of the -his. torjcal things connected with the academy in the way of flags, monu- ments, etc. “It may appear to be & curious custom,” says Admiral Wil- son, “but we start him in with sing- ing, and every midshipman in.a very short time will learn to sing two verses of ‘“The Star Spangled Ban- ner.” We hold regular singing com- petitions, in‘ which they sing patri- . SRR ] Character otic songs and the cheer songs. They are then taken in hand and given athletic training, in rowing boats. etc., and they are given the manual of arms. They are thoroughly in- doctrinated with the traditions of the Naval Academy, Charseter Is Made. “The academy does not try to sim- ply teach what goes into the head, but it makes_every endeavor to im- plant certain good:principles in the midshipman’s heart, and I think that one- of the great assets of the acad- emy training consists of character making. , Anything involving moral turpitude on the part of & midship- man is immediately reported, and in every case, 30 far.a2s I have ever known, such a midshipman has been dismissed. 1f he has not.been dis- missed he has been required to sever his connection with the academy. In addition to the scholastic work, we also have them take part in all sorts of entertainments, musical and other- wise. In connection with the sing- ing I might say that that is done in order that when they go on board ships as officers they will be able to bandle the men and get up entertsin- ments. It is a part of every man's duty to learn to be an entertainer. “Then, when the midshipmen come back from their practice cruise, they are started in with their studies, and they go through with all forms of athletics . in addition. We have adopted the rule that during his first year no man can get upom the academy. team. He cannot get on the foot ball team during his first year. He cannot get on the team until he has been a year at the academy and has dug. himself in. Every-one of the 2,600 midshipmen at the academy. has to learn sports. He has to go in for boxing, wrestling, basket ball, foot ball, base ball, etc. That is in the regular course of in- struction, Aectivities Are . Varied. “We have 1,300 midshipmen that go out. voluntarily for all forms of sport, while the other 700 are given up to such things as editing the, paper, looking out for the shows, as they call them, looking out for the Lucky Bag, which is the annual publica- tion. Of course, some of them do not &o in for anything, but they scon drop by the wayside. During the coyrse of the year we have Dublic speaking twice a week for-the first class. They attend a dinn which is a regular set dinner, and every Flui.lpm:‘n 'h-nl he comes in must urn in the opening paragr: last paragraph, with his nof o e tween his speech. Each one in turn ets up and makes his.little after- D Taiok chat the 'midshi in e ' midsl the academy are & very apby bunch. They go out in the town of Annapolis, but they never leave An napolis dui their Christmas leave of ten days, for three. -at - Easter, d month ‘:"I'Ofln'hfl.' e The present. Naval Academy was establisned Ootober 1, A5iee ing the past ten days and had the| frightened | : the -year, except for BY HERBERT COREY. N 18%4 Hugh S. Cumming lost a silk hat. In itself the fact is not im- portant, except to young Dr. Cumming, who doubtless grieved over a twelve-dollar sacrifice to the god of hard luck. The hat itself may be considered a symbol of a changing age. Itisa stationary peg. so to speak, from which the United States public health service measures its progress. A silk hat was the cranial decoration of a more leisurely and less efficient age. Some folk would say that the silk hat era was a more dignified one than the one in which we live. Others would hold that we have just as much dignity today and a whole lot more pep. The verb to hustle cannot be conjugated in a six-quart topper. Surgeon General Hugh S. Cum- yming of the United States public {health service spoke of the silk hat ithe other day. He was seated at the desk at which the surgeon general of |that day sat when young Dr.Cumming, | =ilk hat In hand, stepped forward to jreceive his commission as an officer of the service. It Is in the very same room. Doubtless the steam radiator that now puffs and gurgles is the lvery one on which young Dr. |Cumming, being some what flustered, placed his silk hat when he reached for' his commission. It remained there while the surgeon general ofl 1894 made a few remarks. \ Twisted Like a Pretsel. ! “That hat,” said Surgeon General Cumming, “was twisted like a pretzel | when I picked it up again.” There | was a note of sadness in his voice. He seemed to recall the journey back to his hotel, on which he vacillated between striking a hideous note of low comedy by wearing the warped Illld corrugated headgear and a bare- {headed eccentricity unbefitting a new- 1y commissioned medical officer in the government service. ; “We all wore silk hats in those| ldays,” said he, “on an occasion of that sort.” Officers of the public health service rarely wear silk hats nowadays except | at weddings and diplomatic recep- tions. Times have changed. The public health service of 1894 was a good service as far as it went, but, like other public functions of that day, it did not go very fast. Nowa- days it is the best in the world. No doubt there are high points in the other services attain greater altitudes than ours, but the average level of the United States public health serv- ice is neatly above that of an¥ other nation. And our service covers a wider field. The Senate not long ago unanimously and without debate con- firmed Dr. Cumming's reappointment, in recognition of what he had done in promoting its efficiency during his four years as chief. What the Silk Hat Meant, Yet it may be that Dr. Cumming's silk hat or what it connotes had much to do with his success. In the days when silk hats were more com- monplace than they are today men |found more leisure in which to be jkindly and courteous. Their man- {ners were better. Youngsters were not being taught by magazine ads to thrust out hard jaws and jam rigid | forefingers at 2 shrinking world. The preferred plan was to compose mis- | understandings by the arts of diplo- macy. It was not regarded as good form for a man in authority to keep hammer and tongs handy by his desk. At any rate, Dr. Cumming became | known as a good man to handle trou- | ble early in his offi¢ial career. Thcrel ‘was more trouble in th days. The | BY HENRY W. BUNN. The following is a brief summary of the most important news of the world for the seven da ended ! March 15: | * x ¥ x e British Empire~~The British government delays to announce its intentions with respect to the proj- ect advanced by its predecessor of a great naval base at Singapore. Aus- tralia and New Zealand rightly con- sider such a base essentlal to their security. The action, therefore, of the government in this matter will have the highest imperial signifi- cance. Does Ramsay Macdonald think in terms of empire or does he not? The report is abroad that he will con- sent to creation of a base, but only on @ scale far below that recommend- ed by the naval experts and approved by the late government. The original Droject was framed with jealous con sideration of the necessity of econ- omy, and the strength contemplated by it would appear the minimum for effectiveness. . Mr. Macdonald is hard- pressed by the super-pacifists of his party who would be quite content to see the empire go to pot. A number of officers of the Irish Free State army, inchuding a general, mutinied and deserted the other day. The {mmediate cause was resentment of an order for demobilization of nine hundred officers, including the mu- tines. The chief of the latter, Gen. Tobin, who is still at large, has made a cloudy statement to the press, ap- parently charging that the elimina- tion order unfairly discriminated against officers known or suspected to entertain republican sympathies. * x % ¥ Framece.—The most interesting af- fair ‘of the week was the recovery of the franc. On March 8 the franc had fallen to the equivalent of 3.42 cents —the lowest ever; on March 14, it had risen to 4.70. I leave it to the economists to explain the fall of the franc during the month or so prior to March 10; whether due chiefly to a skillful attack inspired, if not di- rected, by the German government; whether chiefly to the operations of the “speculative ring” of financial vampires already sufficiently well known in conection with the misfor- tunes of the German mark, the Ital- ian lire, the Polish mark, the Aus- trian crown, etc.; whether chiefly to flight of. French capital in sudden loss of confidence in French fisc, or to a combination of two or all three of the above causes, ‘with, perhaps, others also. Whatever the explanation of the fall of the frane, the explanation of its recovery is ll.ngs. - Jx nk of France got into action. ts in its favor were established in all the principal exchange centers. Most. important of all, a credit of ST S 2 neceseary, would be forth- com! ‘was extended to the Bank of France by a New York bankini Zroup -headed. by J. P. Morgan SURGEON GENERAL precise part the federal government played with the cities and states had not been as definitely fixed as it is today. Conflicts of authority and jurisdiction were constantly arising. When necessary, the federal govern- ment took unflinching charge, just as it does today when an emergency advices, have been throwing obsta- {international medical chart at which |arises, but when possible the effort was made to soothe the ruffled feel- ings of the local administrators. Fight Againxt Yellow Jack. He had had several years' experi- ence in various health stations when yellow fever broke out in the south. Half a dozen states and numberless towns and cities were aflected and the health officers were more or less inexperienced. There was an inevi- table hysteria, north as well as south. The desired end was to permit as tree a flow of commerce as possible without vielding an inch to Yellow Jack. Regulations and orders and ukases and laws combined with cour- ageous but sometimes flustered offi- cialp to produce a tangled mess. Dr. Cuthming was sent down south to take charge of it Now,” he probably said, “let's get t htened out It isn't possible to conceive the most® gorgeous case of nerves that would not calm down under his treat- ment. He is cool, calm, slow and clear-cut of speech, and with a sort of twinkling humor in his eyes One feels that he would never get rattled and that he would @lways be entirely competent. As between two men of equal ability, the one who keeps his Co. These credits reflect the copfldence of the bankers that Poin- care’s financial measures will be pass- ed by the French senate, and, when enacted, will be faithfully’ carried out, and no less confidence that the French authorities will accept the joint re- port of the Dawes committee. The Morgan office has been flooded with offers from all over the United States of participation in the good work of saving the franc. S ok Germany.—On March 13 the first reichstag under-the republican con- stitution of Germany was dissolved by presidential decree. General elec- tions will be held on May 4. The re- sult will be awaited anxiously by the world. All signs point to gains by the extremists of right and left. The immediate occasion for dissolu- tion was the refusal of the reichstag to ratify a number of important de- crees issued under the “authoriza- tion act” which conferred on the cabinet dictatorial “economic, finan- cial and social powers,” which act lapsed on February 15. But it was bigh time, anyway, that the reichs- tag, which had ceased truly to rep- resent the country, should be dis- solved. * x ok ¥ Austria.—The Austrians want to get rid of league supervision. Their budget is balanced. Not only so, but thereisa surplus, and only about half of the international loan had been expend- ed. The Austrians would fain blow in this surplus and what remains of CUMMINGS. head on can best handle communal twitters. The other, full of bang and anxiety, might well have the effect on a frightened town that a blown bit of paper has on a half-broken colt. During the next few years he studied cholera, plague, smallpox, beri-beri and other communicable diseases and the means of transmission and control in laboratories and the field. Then the bubonic scare came to San Fran- cisco in 1901, with the same inevi- table conflict between federal and state and municipal authorities. So Dr. Cumming was sent to handle it. He never hesitated to clamp down the federal thumb and finger when he had to do =0, but he got along without bands and flags when possible. Every ripple was smoothed out of a situa- tion that promised high waves. By this time it began to seem rather foolish not to make wider use of his knowledge of the pandemic diseases, and he was sent to the orient to exam- ine the source. He straightened out some of the complexes in our {mmigrant examination service and set on foot a movement which only recently came to full fruition in the abolition of the local quarantine service at ports and the substitution therefor of a federal quarantine service. When the war came on he was detailed as adviser in sanitation with the surgeon general of the Navy, and following his excellent service in that capacity was sent to Europe to report on the health and sanitary conditions in the ports used by our troops. For some time he re- mained in Europe studying the health sands of them refugees in Bulgaria. They are a sort of Sinn Feiners; only more so. The komitajis, or semi- robber bands, of Macedonian Bulgars made life hideous for their overlords in the Turkish days; their animus against the new masters of their country, - the Serps, is even more violent. They have received much aid from the Macedonian refugees in Bul- their Macedonian kinsmen amounts to passion), including refugees in flight from the Serbian soldiery; and no doubt komitajis have been organ- ized in Bulgaria to operate across the border. Stamboulisky's dearest aim was close friendship with Serbia; he dreamed of a Serbo-Bulgarian federa- tion which should dominate the Bal- kan peninsula. In February, 1923, at Nish, he made an agreement with Pashitch, premier of Jugoslavia, which was a long step toward the The agreement pledged the in latter. two governments to co-operate suppressing the komitajis. But the overthrow and death of Stamboulisky and the seizure of the power in Bulgaria by the bourgeois parties, including elements by t; tion violently hostitle to Serbia, harshly suspended, if it did not an- nihilate the project of Serbo-Bul- garian federation and komitajls got busy again. Premier Zankoff, Stam- boulisky's successor, has been in an extremely difficuit position. - Con- sidering the danger of war with Serbia, and the military impetence of Bulgaria, it seems absurd to sup- pose that he has encouraged the ko- mitajis. On the other hand, it is to be doubted that he has gone much be- the loan on Austrian “enterprises” of [ vong' moral suasion in discourage- sorts. Dr. Zimmerman, the league commissioner, advises them to go slow. The proceeds from taxation have far exceeded expectations. It now behooves to reduce taxation. which Is far too high. Moreover, far from making a splurge, the Aus- trians should make it their study how to retrench down to the bone, 80 to speak. It was nominated in the bond that league control should con- | tinue till “permanent equilibrium” of the budget had been secured and “financial stability” put beyond per- adventure. One years balancing of the budget, in a wave of enthusiasm and through overtaxation, doesn't, says Dr. Y¥immerman, fulfill the re- quirements. But the jolly Austrians still insist on a jamboree. They g0 over the commissioner's head and complain to -the league council. The council rebukes them. The doctor, it seems, was too efficient. * ¥ x x| Bulgaria.—Of late weeks there had been a considerable increase of ten- sion in the relations, hitherto suffi- ciently tense, between the Serblan and Bulgarian governments due to developments relating to the Mace- donian guestion. It will be recalled that, as a re- ment. Indeed, it is by no means cer- taln that he has available a force adequate to police the border. (The treaty of Neullly forbids conscription and enlistments are not popular.) If he had, would he dare to use it effec- tively In face of the pro-Macedonian sentiment of his supporters? More over, he camnot but reflect that the Macedonians are famous for assassi- nation. Pressed hard by the Serbian government, he has recently made Isome arrests of Macedonlans; hardly , One suspects. e oo, a Fhoroughly Balkan sit- uation. Is the Macedonian gquestion destined to_provoke angther little Balkan war? * ¥ % % Greece.—On March 8 the cabinet headed by M. Kafandaris ml'?el On the 10th Venizelos, despairing of being of assistance to his unhappy country, left Greece. On the 1ith the republican leader, M. Papanasta- sion, formed a cabinet. 'Tomorrow the new cabinet will ask the con- stituent assembly for a vote of con- fidence. Should that be refused there would be a pretty kettle of fish. Should it be granted, presumably the new cabinet will propose to the as- sult of the Balkan wars and the great|sembly that the latter dethrone the war, Serbia acquired the greater part of Macedonia, with a population Tanwusse Bulgse: Thece are sbout gar. ere_are ut a million Macedonian Bulgars in Gluecksburg dynasty, proclaim a re- public, and refer that fait accompli to a plebiscite. Should a plebiscite denounce this action (as well might be. should the elections be conducted Macedonian Serbia and many thou-, fairiv), then there would likewise beq garia and from Bulgarians (for the feeling sympathy. of Bulgarians r.r‘ | conditions in the devastated countries, with special attention to the dangers to us due to the flood of immigrants that threatened to swamp the United States. It was while he was in the near east that President Wilson made him sur- geon general of the public heaith serv- ice. Some of the men who most warmly urged his appointment were wholly un- known to him. They knew him only through his work. The duty of caring for the sick and disabled service men was dumped on the bureau during the interregnum preceding the creation of the United States Veterans' Bureau. The public health service's hospitals were increased from twenty-two to sixty-seven in number, and the em- ployes from 4,000 to 14,000. It was an emergency job and, naturally enough, a costly one. But no scandal attached to tthe public health service. Now it Is able to get back to its own work. That work fills two pages of an in- dex in the annual report. Lepers were being unkindly treated in some of the states; that is, there was no intention of unkindness, but leprosy is a disease feared by every one. The sufferers were isolated and largely uncared for. Many of them go blind, and the agony they experienced waiting for a rotting death is inconceivable to an ordinary happy man. Now they can at least wait for death in comparative comfort. Not much more can be donme for them as yet. The widely promised cures are not wholly to be relied upon. Plagues Now Under Control. ‘The public health service, in co- operation with the other health serv- ices of the nation, has largely ds stroyed the danger from yellow fever. There are still yellow fever centers in the world. There may be such centers for a century to come. But no fear of an epidemic is felt. Small- pox and the plague are under control. The worst thing we have to fear is that we have become so healthy that the class of immunes no longer ex- ists. The service has shown that | botulism is largely due to incorrect imalhods of preserving fruit and vege- tables. Yet at one time it threatened the very existence of large canning | industries. . Our greatest disease dangers, per- haps,.are those arising from malaria | ana influenza. Americans have done | more to conquer malaria than any other people. Yet because of our habit of continually breaking fresh ground in our building and farming operations malaria persists to plague us, Influenza still has its own way very largely. In some of the south- ern states there are areas in which trachoma was almost unchecked until Dr. Cumming got after this dread disease of the eyes. The health serv- ice is fighting spotted fever in some of the Rocky mountain states and the other minor epidemics which spring up in isolated localities almost un- heard of at a distance. Educating the Publie. One of the great accomplishments of the service is in educating the people to better methods of sanita- tion. A rural health service teaches the farmer and the £mall town man how to keep healthy. Lecturers, the mail and the radio are the means employed. The fight on the social diseases is succeeding. Slowly. per- haps, but nevertheless succeeding. It the fgures seem to contradict this statement, it is because the figures are more complete than ever before. Little by little the states and cities are granting more complete co-opera- tion with the government. American health is better than it ever was before. It will be better as time goes on ! ; | | The Story the Week Has Told pretty kettle of fish. The prospect in every direction is discouraging. Another. Hellenic invasion is “in- cicated.” * ¥ %k The Caliphate—Abdul-Mejid, de- posed caliph by the Angora as- sembly, is now at Territett, Switzer- land, with a suite of ten persons, in- cluding at least two wives. This plurality of attendant wives is some- thing of a trial for the moral olfactories of Calvin’s adopted . country, and there is a possibility that the ex- holy gentleman may be requested to move on. If he moves on, it probably will be in Paris. He is a lover of art and an artist. Some of his paintings have been hung at the Paris .salons; but whether in recognition of their ar- tistic merits of his rank there seems to_be some question. The ex-caliph (incidentally abusing Swiss hospitality) has manifestly de- clared the action of the Angora assem- bly deposing him and abolishing the Ottoman caliphate ‘“fundamentally suc- rilegious and void” and calls on the world of Islam to pass on the matter. ‘The Egyptian ulemas (doctors of sa- cred Jaw) have pronounced the deposi- tion illegal and are for a general Is- lamic congress to settle the question at ssue. Two of the sons of King Hussein of Hejaz—namely, King Feisal of Irak and the Emir Abdullah of Transjor- dania—have formally proposed their father for caliph. King Hussein re- ceives from the British government an annual subsidy of £400,000, so that the French claim that London, though formally not interested in Hussein’s candidacy, really has a certain ac- tual interest therein is not without plausibility. The Indian Moslems are indignant at the action of the Angora assem- biy. The British are hoping for in- stallation, of 2 non-Turkish caliph agreeable’ to them, further hoping that thus might be restored their old- time cordial relations with the Brit- ish raj, which would mean finish to the swaraj movement. It is reported that the Angora as- sembly has vested itself with the pre- rogatives of the caliphate, an ar- rangement in itself preposterous, but perhaps preliminary to something sensible. * % ok United States of Ameriea.—The Sen- ate has voted down the Norbeck-Burt- ness bill, which proposed an appro- priation of $50,000,000, from which loans would be made to unfortunate wheat farmers to enable them to di- versity their activities by purchase of dairy ‘cattle and other live stock and poultry. Amendments to the bill proposing an appropriation of $20,000,000 ‘ to boost the credit of banks in the northwest wheat sec- tion and one of $5000,000 to assis in financing distribution of fertilizers had previously been defeated. The President has nominated Cur- tis. Dwight Wilbur, chief justice of the supreme court’ of California, to be Secretary of the Navy. Judge Wil- bur is a graduate of Annapolis. 1 3" RAPID GROWTH OF RADIO BALKS CONTROL LAWS Congress Will Leave Restrictive Meas- ures to Future When They Are Absolutly Necessary. BY WILL P. KENNEDY, ILL the entire patent sys- tem—which underlies all manufacturing industry in this country and even agricultural industry since so much work on the farm and getting the farm product to market is being done by machinery—have to be changed. This is one of the big questions which the House committee on mer- chant marine and fisheries is facing as a result of hearings covering four days on the White bill to regulate radio communication. Emphasis was made during the hearings that a certain “big five” are endeavoring to achieve a monopoly in radio communication, the “big five” bLeing named as the American Tele- rhone and Telegraph Compeny, the Radio .Corporation of America, the General Electric, the Western Elec- tric and the Westinghouse Electrical companies. But the i i i focumed sharply on' the Tact that it would be extremely difficult to logis- late against a monopoly of this sort when the statutes clearly intended to grant a monopoly in the iss Srane poly in the issuance of made it clear to the committee tha any steps which have been taken and suspected of being toward a manopoly were necesary to protect basic telephone patents in such a way as_the patent law itself required. It is because of such considerations that the merchant marine committee il g0 yery slow on adopting any swestion which means 2 i the patent law. & changsitn No International Menepoly. t The committee was much impressed by the argument of David Sarnoff, | vice president and general manager of the Radio Corporation of America, to the effect that there is no mo- | gopoly in international radio and can not be because it comes .into com- petition with the cable system. His| thought was that such monopoly as exists in international radio is only | a natural monopoly. It will come as a relief to the { hundreds of thousands of listeners-in, | | thousands of them with homemade | receiving sets, that the committee | will not recommend any legislation | which will at all interfere with the | receiving end of radio. They will bg greatly interested also in the fact that the committee applauded Mr. Sarnoff’s contention that grand opera | should go free to the poor every- where in the world without charge ! by the radio route, and that he saw | no necessity for collecting revenue | from radio receivers in order to sup- Port the broadcasting industry. E It was frankly admitted that broad- | casting, as now done by the Amer- | ican Telephone and Telegraph Com- | igned to sell receiving sets, ment and parts, and in this way very best sort of advertising. Regulation Imposaible. ! So the committee will not spend very much time in considering legi lation to regulate the receiving end of radio, for one very good reason— bbcause any such regulation would be practically impossible. The real question with which the | committee wust wrestle is with re- gard to broadcasting—how to provide for needed regulation, but delicately balanced as between Yhe benefits of private initiative, the evils of de- ip- the (Continued from First Page.) withall to live, an education and a few luxuries. Every reader of this article should have all the material { prosperity necessary for the needs of his family. However, there is a great difference between helping one's fam- ily and endowing one’s family. Leav- ing one's children more than sufficient for their needs tends to weaken in stead of strengthen them; it becom 2 temptation rather than an aid, thus often causing harm instead of good. Work with Normal Folks. For the same reagon our employer or associates should have good health. Now health is dependent largely upon a man's mode of lif There are instances where people have succeeded who were handicap- ped with poor health. There are many instances where one's, health has been broken for a year or more before his greatest success came. Very often an_illness causes one to realize the value of the health lost so that on regaining health one guards it more carefully in the years following. To this extent an occa- sional illness may be a blessing in disguise, for it gives one a chance to take one's bearing and to deter- mine one's latitude and longitude. Some employers or partners will say that their occupation makes it impossible for them to live as God intended. Those who are so unfortu- nately situated should change their business. Certainly if this is true of the occupation which you are con- sidering you should not enter it Working conditions, hours of labor, opportunities for exercise, the living situation, all should be weighed when one considers his occupation and with whom he is to work. Men and women—of all groups—are con- stantly selling their birthrights for messes of -pottage by working for and with people who are not living right. If you, my reader, are in a position or business where you can- not .enjoy both a clear conscience and ‘good health, get out and go into something else. Never mind if you .do not receive as much money— money is not everything. Moreover, if it has been the means of others' losing their consciences and health better beware! Helpfal Wife Needed. For the same reason a helpful wife is of great importance. I know the head of a large New England manu- facturing company who gave employ- ment to a promising young man from his home town. He knew the par- ents of the boy and they were of the best stock. He also knew the boy himself well, for at one time the 1ad had been in his Sunday school class—in fact, many of the depart- ment heads in his business were once boys whom he had known in Sunday school and in the Y. M. C. A. This special boy, however, was a favorite with the manufacturer b cause of his high character and abil- ity. At the start the boy made good. The first few years he made rapid advance and at the age of twenty- three years he was recelving & salary of $6,000 a year, which was probably greater than any one was receiving in_the town from which he came. In the office was a very pretty stenographer. To this girl our young man took a great liking. Strange to say, the homeliest girl in a group | by the witnesses. pany, the Radio Corporation of | America and others, which gives free ! entertainment to any one who has | a receiving set, is good business, de- | WHAT IS SUCCESS? WHICH JOB IS BEST? structive competition and weakéning effects of too much paternalism. It is safe to say that the committee drafting radio legislation will leave much to the future. This is neces- sary because radio is a rapidly de- veloping #ft. with astounding possi- bilities ‘which can scarcely be con- ceived now even by those who are now best informed on the subject. It is also safe to promise that no very drastic legislation which might hinder development of the radio are will be recommended or passed by Congress. It is practically certain that quitc large discretionary authority regard- ing radio regulation will be vested 1 the Secretary of Commerce. In doin this the committee making rec. mendations and Congress in adopt- ing them will have in the back of their minds that radio inventors and experimenters must be given a rather free hand to see what they can ac- complish, just the same as the great railroad systems of the country were allowed to develop until a time when regulation became necessary. Con- gress will assume the attitude that drastic radio legislation would be ill-timed now and that when drastic regulation may be found to be neces- sary Congress can at any time stej in and regulate in the interests ol public welfare. Interest in Hearingx. | - While the testimony at the hear- Spokesmen for these big concerns | ings was largely technical, the com- mittee took a deep interest. Among those attending the hearings were Representatives Wallace H. White of+ Maine, Schuyler O. Bland of Virginia. Robert L. Bacon of New York, Ar- thur M. Free of California, Ladislas Lazaro of Louisiana, William W. L: sen of Georgia, Ewin L. Davis of Ten- nessee, Clay Stone Briggs of Texas, Tom D. McKeown of Oklahoma, Wil- {liam M. Croll of Pennsylvania, George W. Edmonds of Pennsylvania, Fred- erick R. Lehlbach of New Jersey, George W. Lindsay of New York and Jeremiah E. O'Comnell of Rhods Island. tions which brought out poinis ich the committec was espe- cially interested were asked by Act-, ing Chairman White, Representati Bland of Virginia, La¥sen of Geor, Davis of Tennessee. Briggs of Te and McKeown of Oklahoma. There was not as much or as bil ter controversy as had been expected All of the interests representeil. seemed desirable of having prope legislation. The principal differenc: being as to the character and extent of legislation dealing with a subjec which is so rapidly changing. hearings to a considerable ext dealt with the progress of the art Amazed at Possibilities. The members of Congress frank confessed that they were amazed : the wonderful possibilities in radi that they never had dreamed of aui, which were discussed confidentiall For example, the took a keen interest in the testimon of (. Francis Jenkins, a Washing tonian. who discussed the approaci: of movies by radio, and who showe excellent photographs which had bee sent from Washington to Phil. delphia. The committee was also told th ¢xperimentation was Drogressi | ver. encouragingly for the trans { mission_of power by radio. The report of the Federal Trad Commission on the subject of mo {nopoly as it applies to radio broa: jcasting nd which is now be'r printed at the government printir |office will be studied by the com { mittes. The White bill will be referre with stenographic copy of the hear ings to the law ttee on rad Representative : Lehlbach, Fre nd and Larsen. subcomn composed of chairma of stenographers is usually the most efficient. while the prettiest is usual- 1y the least efficient. This case no exception. However, the girl quick enough to realize that young man had possibiliti a “good catch.” She thereupon out to catch him and succeeded. The had a simple wedding and starte housekeeping in a modest way the, d was Questionable Investments. At first she was satisfied with what he could easily afford. However, in short time she wanted more and more. She had alwa dressed tractively. She knew clothes—bur unfortunately this was about all she® did know he had few other terests. Thus she bought more andr more expensive clothes. Finding that they did not satisfy, she bought ex- pensive furniture for the house. Then, the house in which they lived did not suit her, and she insisted that hes husband buy, on time, a larger house; in a more fashionable neighborhood This soon caused him to spend his entire salary and run into debt. The first “show down" came when, the head of the concern decided 1o sell a interest in the business to four of his department heads, includ- ing this young man. To the em ployer's great disappointment, young man had no money with which to seize the opportunity. Further, when he went to his bank to borrow the bank informed him that his a count did not warrant a loan. Mor over, the bank president knew that, he owed bills and was living beyond his means. The bank president had a wife and daughters, and he had oftem heard the youns couple talked over at the breakfast tabie. Domextic Assets. ™ at- in- The credit and success of a mun have often been ruined by the ex- travagance of his wife. On the other hand, the reverse is more often truc., Many a young man owes his success to an economical wife, and the fact that the banker's wite knows she is economical is a help to him. Hence, the loans of many town banks are determined by the family gossip and by the remarks consciously or un- consciously dropped by the banker's. wife and children. Women often have far more to do with determining- credits than have Dun or Bradstreet.. Hence, when selecting associates, r member, that the wife is the most important associate of all. Fortunately, most women are real helpers. The great majority of women are making their husbands succes ful. A wife can make or break a ma Most successful men owe their suc- cess to their wives. Statistics would surely show that a man's wife is a most important factor in his success, and the next factor is a good family* of children. Moreover, _statistics, would probably show that the women, who have been the most helpful to' their husbinds are those who have 'stayed at home and made real wives, Nothing spurs a man on to success more than a family of good children. It may be difficult to rate statistically the true succes of a man, but it is. not so difficult with women. There’ are, of course, exceptions to every: rule, but as a rule, the success of a, woman is often measured by the. number of good boys and giris she’ rears to manhood and womanhood. '3 (Copyright, 1923. Fleming H. Revell Company., Published in this newspaper by arrangemeat With Babson Tnstitute, Babeon Park, Mam.): 558 5