Evening Star Newspaper, November 4, 1923, Page 42

THE EVENING STAR, With Sunday Morning Editien. WASHINGTON, D. C. SUNDAY......November 4, 1923 THEODORE W. NOYXS. ... Bditor The Evening Star Newspaper Ooun:nv ve. Bualng OB Uibeer 110 Bt skad 6 Chicago Office: Tower A Buropean Office: 16 Regeat 8t., Loadon. ders o pe 5000, Collection is end of each month, Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginis. Dally and Sunday..1yr. Dally only. ¥r. Sunday onl; yr, Dally and Sunda; Daily only. Sunday only. » $10. y.1yr, 1yr., §7 1yr., Member of the Assaclated Presa. The Associdted Press is exclusively eatitied to the ‘use for republieation of all news dis- patches credited to it or nst otherwise eredited n this paper and siso the local mews pab- lished herein. ~All rights of publication ef *pecial dispatches hereln are aido reserved. The Monroe Dootrine. In a special dispatch to The Star from New York, treating of plans for buying the home of Thomas Jefferson, it was sald that “seemingly there is reason to belleve that Jefferson's ad- vice was largely responsible for the Monroe doctrine.” Further along the reader {s apt to conclude that credit for the Monroe doctrine should be given to Thomas Jefferson rather than to James Monroe, A letter from Jef- ferson to Monroe is quoted. History often has a way of refusing to stay put and perhaps we are now accepting a great deal of history which is only history instead of fact. It is easy for history to be set down ‘wrong. If Vercingetorix or Arievistus had written the story of Caesar's con- quest of Gaul instead of Caesar a dif- ferent tale might have been told. If the story of Thermopylae had been ‘written by the secretary of Xerxes in- stead of by a fellow-countryman of Leonidas it might differ in some par- ticulars from the style in which it has come down to us. But the history of the Monroe dootrine seems straight and proper. Jefferson needs no more laurels than those already his. It has been get down by writers that Monroe conferred with Jefferson, Mad- ison, John Quincy Adams and Calhoun * and no doubt with other statesmen on the subject of & message' received by him from George Canning, prime min- ister of England. After Waterloo France, Russia, Prussia and Austria formed what they titled the holy al- liance, to give aid in suppressing in- surrection in each other's territory and for other purposes. The Spanish colonies in America having revolted, it was reported that the holy alllance contemplated their subjugation, even though the United States had recog- nized their independence. Canning proposed to Monroe that England and the United States join in opposing such & move. It was this question which caused Monroe to take counsel with foremost American statesmen of his time, and out of these discussions was crystallized the Monroe doctrine as set down in the President’s mes. sage of December 2, 1823. The senti- ment In that message was certalnly the sentiment held by nearly all Amer- ican public men at that time. Monroe wrote: . We owe it, therefore, in candor and to the amicable relstions exist- ing between the United States and those powers ' to declare that we should consider any attempt on thelr part to extend their system to any portion of this hemispheres as dan- irerous to our peace and safety. With the existing colonies or dependencies of any European power we have not interfered and shall not Interfere. Jlut with the governments who have | declared their {ndependence and have maintained it, and whose Inde- ndence we have on great consid- eration and just principles acknowl. ged, we could not view any inter- position for the purpose of oppress- ing them or controlling in any other yaanner their destiny, by any Euro- n power in any other light than #8 the manifestation of an unfriendly disposition rd the United States. ‘The letter of Jefferson to Monroe récently brought forward shows that 2donroe wrote to him several times on this subject. Jefferson approved the opinions expressed by Monroe and wrote: “Our firet and fundamental jaxim should be never to entangle ourselves In the brolls of Burope. Our vecond, never to suffer Burepe to in termeddle with our Atlantic affairs.” | e The work of statesmanship seldom meets with unqualified and unanimous approval, and the treaty of Versallles lays a not unfamiliar claim to regard s representing the best that could be done under the circumstances. ———————— There may be a controversial attl- tude regarding some of Lloyd George's remarks, but when he says he is just @ private citizen an admiring public refuses to take him at his word. ——t———— When women get the vote in Tur- key there will be some interesting old scores to settlé with the ex-harem osses. = International Sport. A number of Britons at London were. discussing the Zev-Papyrus race, and one of them, Bir Edward Hulton, sald: “No horse has any chance to be in condition to race after he has been on & steamship and unable to take exercise for @ Week.” That seems rea- image of & roaring lion. / ' Yachtsmen, goifers and tennisers should not have everything their way. We used to have International prive fights, and got the better of the con- tests, but @ good many now hold that & prisefighter is not in all ways a per- fect representative of our civilization. The British might go in for base ball and organize an all-England-Wales and-Scotland nine to meet the Yankees, Giants or the Nationals. We might take up cricket and show the Britons that roast beef and ale are not the only foods for men, and that some pretty husky chaps can be bred on ham and eggs, corn bread and baked beans. Then there is foot ball, about ‘which the Army, Navy, Marine Corps, Georgetown, George Washington, Gallaudet and others know a thing or two. Foot ball s an art in which there 88c| &re professors h England, and we could bave an annual match now in merry England and then in beautiful Washington. It would be enlivening. T ——— A Typicsl Rural Grade Crossing. A short distance outside of the Dis- trict line in Maryland is a grade cross- ing that, while beyond the local juris- tonians and deserves remedial atten- tion. This i» at Ardwick, where one of the minor but frequented rosds of Prince Georges county crosses the main line of the Pepnsylvania rail- road. It is & particularly dangerous place. The road rises sharply on both sides to meet the tracks. On one hand there is only a limited vision of the track because of & curve. A motor car approaching the tracks may easily be caught, It must be speeded up the hill to the rail point, and if checked when a train appears in view is likely to be stalled, while it is almost impos- sible to speed out of danger. The crossing has a tregic record of deaths. ‘The conditions at this point are peculiarly favorable to an Inexpensive underpass, or tunnel, to carry the road beneath the tracks. The raliroad com- pany, after the latest death at the crossing, which occurred several years ago, established watchmen, on duty from 6 o'clock in the morning until 10 | o’clock at night. The cost of this serv- ice to the rallroad is $1.800 a year. In the time that this “protection” has been provided enough money has bgen spent in the wages of watchmen to have eliminated the crossing by tun- neling several times over. This is & typical case. There are such grade crossings all over the coun- try, many of them without any pro- tection, without bells or gates or watchmen. And hundreds of them, perhaps thousands, are “guarded” by watchmen who merely wave flags and lanterns that perhaps can be seen only on dangerously close approach to the tracks. e In this case the state of Maryland has jurisdiction. The District can do no more than express the hope that the state will compel the railroad com- pany in this particular Instance, and other companies in other cases, to pro- vide more adequate protection to the public while waiting for the total elim- ination of these death traps. In any case, warning signals should be pro- vided, operative at all hours, signals for the ear as well as the eye and worked automatically from the tracks whenever & train is within the danger zone, A watchman service between 6 a.m.and 10 pm. is of no value what- ever to the road users during the re- mainder of the twenty-four hour: Car Stops. ‘The season has come when the pres- ent system of car stops in the residen- tial section of the District begins to bear hard upon the patrons of the car lines. The distance between home and stopping point is greater on the aver- age under the present system than under the old plan, of regular corner ' stops. Elderly and infirm people must walk farther to “get the car.” There is greater chance of “missing the car.” ‘When the skip-stop system was adopted there was some necessity and warrant. It was necessary to speed up the to get the utmost serv- fce out of the existing rolling stock. But gredually as the congestion has been lessened the skip-stops have been modified, and more stopping points have been established. Still there are many places in the residential section whepe wide gaps occur between stop- ping points. These should be closed. ‘Under the present system it is dim- cult for a person not tamiliar with the locality to know where a car may be boarded. The yellow disc gives notice during the day, to be sure, but at night it is impossible to dstermine the proper place to stand to board a car. The car-stop signs are not {lluminated, and a stranger to the city, or & Wash. ingtonian who is stranger to the neigh. borhood, is often put to inconvenience and subjected to serious delay in find- ing the right place. There is no resson now why the cars should not stop In the residential seoctions at every corner. This matter 1s recommended to the Public Utllities Commission for considsration, with & view to effecting the grestest possible service to the people. e Christopher Columbus ought to be honored abroad as well as here. Bu. rope would not have so much to look forward to if he had not discovered America. s S ——— A paper mark is no lopger valuable enough to pay for the time required in figuring how much it is worth. ——— e — Poincare s Inclined to referee parley before it starts. . B e —— Reclamation Service. Ex-Secretary Fall is said to favor “removal of the entire reclamation Seem to be flls that might affict the service or any govern- ment bureau if its administrative or- ganisation were at Denver, Walla . | Walla or Winnemuces. It would also seem that the THE SUNDAY : tion 'projects are scattered about the west and “the west” is a big place. If Denver is now the center of govs ernment irrigation work some other town may be the center two years ;hence and the reclamation “‘adminis- trative organization” would move on |again and perhaps keep moving. i Peclamation of land for farm pur. Poses goes merrily on in the west, but reclamation is fo become a big ques- | tion in the south and east. It will not {take the' form of irrigation, but of swamp drainage. The headquarters ©of the reclamation service, or the “ad- ministrative organization,” should re- main at Washington. I It might be suggested that the bu- reau of mines should have its “admin- istrative organisation” shuntad to the l mining districts of Pennsylvahia, Min. |nam Colorado or Alaska. It.might also be urged that the Department of Agriculture be moved to the agricul- tural districts, but whether it should be moved to the wheat belt of the north- west, the corn belt of the midwest, the cotton belt, the apple belt of New York, the string bean belt of Florida or the cactus belt of New Mexico could not be advised. e A Work That Deserves Support. For more than thirty years the Florence Crittenton Home has served | fs ‘Washington in a fleld occupied by no other Institution or charity. It has afforded a shelter for unfortunate girls and women with no other place to turn for a home in the most pitiful situation that can befall that sex. With no endowment, its small funds dependent upon the gifts of a few peo- ple aware of the value of the work, the home has struggled during these three decades and over to maintain itself, against odds that would have overwhelmed most enterprises. From time to time the public has been asked to aid and contributions have been re- celved to meet emergencles. But still the financial foundation of the estab- lishment has been inadequate. At present a “drive” is in progress to raise $200,000, of which $50,000 is given by @ Washington business man, a memorial to his late wife. Up to date the drive has netted a little over $37,000, leaving about $112,000, riot In- cluding this gift, to be raised to:make the goal that has been set. The purpose of this campaign for funds is to provide means to »stab- lish the home properly in new:quar- ters on a site that has latel acquired. There is no other source of revenue than the gifts of the deople of Washington. The institutioh can- not “earn™ revenues. It is primarily a spending establishment. 3 try of its occupants is mainly in the line of housekeeping. H It is up to Washington to provide this worthy, valuable organization with the means to carry oh its gooll work. It would be greatly o the credit of the people of this city if the tull amount sought were in hand through subsoriptions before tHe close of the period of the drive. —— R —— No satistactory information fs made avallable as to where the Rusiian so- viet government gets all the’ money it is alleged to be using in American ——— This time Col. Bryan is succeeding remarkably well in keeping:in the dark-horse class, 80 far as a presiden- tial boom is concerned. e Stresemann is finding @ . certain amount of opposition to his theory that the time is right for & Mussolint in Germany. i —_— e Agitation concerning the:cost of coal has subsided. The ultimate con- sumer has no strike facilities. . The controversy between M#. Pinchot and Mr. Mellon s closed,’ but the speakeasies are not. SHOOTING STARS. *“No more & convivial bunch Salutes me with gles from afar. Nobody invites me to lunch. Nobody says, ‘Have a cigar.’ The days of the lobby are past’— Thus murmured a personage grim— ““The changes occurring so fast Make fond recollections grow dim. *"Nobody now tells me a joke In cheery and confident tone. Nobody inquires if I'm broke, Buggesting the chance of a loan. My modest refreshment I munch Where there isn't a fgn of a bar, Nobody invites me to lunch. . Nobody says, ‘Have a cigar.'” Distance and Enchantment. “Your constituents have & great deal to say about what you ought to wasting time to sling mud in when & man can make Mg throwing mortar with & trowel. A Hard Audience, The taxes paid by people here below Produce some- grand ‘displays of varying worth. < It's hard to. give the crowd the kind the ready-made philosopher. . “How true,” rejoined Miss Caysnne. “But you know thefe's no such ohjec- tion to orchids.” Incentive to Reform. “A _goat is about the only anime’ that chews tobacco.”” ““Well,"” sald Uncle Biil Bottletop, * chewing tobacco is what miakes 8 goa: %0 mean I'm going to quit” . ', mid Oacl B 5 s . STAR, WASHINGTON, D. on his saddle cloth and the other the the understanding Mere is that trrige. | Sacred Badly Abused by Americans BY THOMAS R. MARSHALL, l‘.-n\'h. h-ullnt of the United | Whenever a great strike is on, par- ticularly if it affects & basic industry, threatens transportation, most per- Sons who are not Interested directly ior iIndirectly In its success are quite likely to condemn it in ummeasured terms. There is the usual demand that | the government Intervene, and peopls Senerally manifest Impatience and | disgust. Yet no strike of any moment | ever succeeded In this coyntry unless !1t had behind It & helptul sentiment on the part of the public created by ;the bellef that the demands of the strikers were reasonable. Even then it has not always succeeded because of other elements that entered into the situation. But In times of strike, whether the public is friendly or hos- tile, there is always a great hue and {ery about the viclousn of direct i 1 i not for the strike. I am ite sure that in the long run riker does not lose ‘e than #ains. I am hoping for so: bet way to adjust grievances. I admiration. however, .for the sort of direct action it represents in compari- son with other forms of direct action which are equally potent in the af- airs of government. The men who go on strike let you know who they are, what they think, what they want and why they want it. They come out in the open, voice their grievance: a put their demsnd; rds they fight with fer for the cau: leve. They ha courage, perh: in i r e an i to suf. they be- courage, a foolish but in any event it 0t to be sneered at. This kind of m“el':sflon adopeh-l- whmc more than ressed throu, the right of petition. » Shuned * % %% People are always dreading war, disorder, anything which they associ- ate with force. They have not learned, or, if they have, they have forgotten, that-force in and of itself has been relegated to the rear. The general diffusion of knowledge among the people, the ample oppor- tunities for education, the universal dissemination of information bave brought the braln of man to the foe. Force is now used or with- held as the intellect d only beneath the rule :1;!00 rule of | men, just and unjust, the pen controls the sword. However mis taken may be the strike, and aboveboard; its rxno’d I;rl‘nop&l: fects may be seen and known by all and the strikers are judged lc:nrdl: ingly. Where action is brought about by the right of petition, the legisla- tors are held responsible rather than the people who applied the pressure ‘which induced the legislation. The right of petition is an inallan- able one, Buaranteed to the Amerl . and never to be denied.. Yet, its abuse is-scandalous. How -ny"men before signing a petition seriously inquire all about its subject, in order to determine the right or wrong, the advisability or inadvisability of the | thing to be prayed for. Any number of men who petitions pre sented to Congress of the United iflllte- while 1 was presiding over the Senate told me they knew noth- ing Rbout the sul t on which they had petitioned and cared less. They had signed because of a good-natured idea of helping the other fellow so lon, it didn’t cost anything. When I was Governor of Indlana I received from a friend five separate letters, in each of which a different man was recommended for an office which had ome vacant and which I was about to fill. I called him up\and asked him what he meant by such conduct, and he answered somewhat like this, A Sojourner in the Ki i | !. i “Come now, Governor, you know one has to do & man a favor and each of these lv%llunu sought a ter from me because they knew of our friendship. L Even worse than the petition is the resolution adopted by an organiza- tion. The organisation may be com- posed of influential citizens; its mem-~ bers may be of the very highest char- acter and standing. Some busybody among them with an ax to grind, an injury to resent or an innocent de- sire to be doing something, will in- troduce a resolution of great moment and the hoard wi pass it on the theory it won't do any harm. Thence it goes to the world as the deliberate fon of this large and influential body of citisens. There is a justifia- ble complaint touching the business corporation covering too much terri- tory; that it does mot confine itself to the activity for which it was char- tered, but that once organized it as- e right to do any sort of ny man- corpora- 'y no more sumes business anywhe: ner it chooses. tions exceed their author! than the thousand and one organi- zations in America which come into existence for some specific purnose and then assume the responsibility of passing resolutions upon subjects wholly detached from that purpose. . This direct action, or attempt to force direct action, is to be deplored. What business, for instance, has an organization that s purely fraterndl in {ts character take hand ns such in the political affairs of this.coun- try? Every member of it may hold the same identical view and as a citizen each has a right to express it—aye, it is his bounden duty to do so. But the fraternal organiza- tion to which he belongs has nothing t8 do with the case. An organization should do the work for which It was organized; it should not slop over and induce the American people to believe that it is expressing the solidified view of bers on every extraneous subject that may momentarily be agitating the public mind. PR ‘This seeking to control conduct by petition and resolution has a sinister aspect along the executive side of government. Regardless of the enor- mity of the crime, the justice of the conviction, the necessity for punish- ment, you can always find numerous persons urging clemency at the hands of the chief executive. More than once I was upbraided for the exer- clse of executive clemency by men who had signed the petition on which 1 acted. Their lame excuse was that they did not know what they were 1 Seekers of appointive of. how worthless, and unfit they may can always present tectimonial eir fellow citizens that they pos- sess the necessary virtues and quali- In states where the refer- into effect upon petition, been known to recelve Out of this persons h: ay for their signatures. Baa &rown a business of obtaining signatures—not altogether an un- profitable one. Yes, the striki to be deplored: hoped a way may be found eliminate it; but the evils that flow from unwise legislation, unfor- tunate appointmen posing the penaltie: which may be infl and resolution, although not always visible to the naked eye, have per- haps wrought more harm to the peo- ple- qrhere is no way to prevent the 11 effects of this exercise of direct action until men take as much care in signing a petition as they do In signing_a note. The worst of life comes from the braim, not the fist, and the fist never-acts until the brain approves or does not care. (Copyright, 1923, by ’l;nuu.m Century dom Of Jade Is Visiting Ameri BY THE MARQUISE DE FONTENOY. | horns six feet three and four inches ! Gen. Sir Percy Sykes, who has Just arrived in New York on board the Majestic, for the purpose of visiting the United States and, incidentally, lectur- ing at the Lowell Institute, is one the most interesting Englishmen who have ever yisited America. Rugby and Sandhurst athlete, veteran cavalry officer of the Boer campalgn, where he was badly wounded; resourceful organ- izer and commander of oriental levies and allies of the British Empire, the moving. epirit of all the military operations of England in Persia and | i long. ‘The walls of Kashgar, which are castellated and some elghteen or twenty feet wide, serve as tombs of thousands of slaves employed in_ thelr construction. For it Is on record that of | when one of them died of ' exhaustion and of hunger, as was conatantly hap- pening, his mates were not allowed to remove the body, but were forced to bugd"ll into the '{n mud anddmortu and lime 8o as to form part and parcel of the fabric. o st ek X X Sir Percy is but fiftysix years of age, and though the hardships that he has undergone and the anxietles, the Baluchistan throughout the great war,|ansers which have kept all the re- during which he drove the Germans from Teheran and defeated, in the very nick of time, the intrigues by means of which they were inducing the shah’ government to Join the cause of the kaiser against the entents, and, above the most celebrated of | BIaue all, one of Asiatic explorers, he knows more about the inner of that vast continent —of those unknown regions which sclentists declare to have been the cradle of the human race—than any other white man, For many years he was British consul general and repre- sentative at Kashgar, the headqua and central market of all the native trade of central Asia, and at Khotan, which is the capital of the ancient Chinese Kingdom of Jade. * x W For considerably over a thousand |had years Khotan stood in glory as the chiefYroducer of that stone which the Chinese have always esteemed as the most precious of gems, and to which they, as well as most of the people of the orient, attribute all sorts of super- stitious values. Jade mines, which have been In operation since time Imme- morial, surround the city. Green jade, llow jade, blue Jade and, above all, sources of his mind and body forever on the alert, have entitled him to well earned repose for the remainder of his days, yet his knowledge of the orient, and of the problems which It offers, economic, religious and political, is so that it seems deplorable that should no lon; economy compelled suthorities at Whitehall and at the lhi to withdraw from _the re | Which he had been author clude, In the name of the Bri thrown in their lot with her. *® ¥ x In spite of this, much of the good work whioh he {nitiated and organized still endures, and if today Persia is to a great extent eubject to the dominant influence of the American advisers of the shah's government, and has been saved from subjection to Rus- sian bolshevism and from Moscow con- a\mn and sa terrorism, it Is en- rely due to Sir Percy Sykes whose of strange experiences, of amusin anecdote and of hairbreadth adven: tures is simply inexhaustible, He entitled to a most cordial weicome and sympathetic attention during his pres- ent visit to America. ] G, "NOV.EMB;ER 4. 1923—PART 2. Right of Petition | Capital Sidelights BY WILL P. KENNEDY. Secretary Weeks recalls when John ‘W. Prentiss of New York, who has just been elected president of. the Investment Bankers' Association of America, first applied for a job to enter the banking business, about twenty years ago. He came to Horn- blower & Weeks of Boston, of which Mr. Weeks was a member, seeking employment. of college. He was told there was no opening, but pressed his.case. He sald he had approached that particu- lar firm because he was told that there were opportunities with them for a fellow to make a showing and get ahead. He dldn't care much about the salary or a fancy job; all he wanted was a chance -to break in and try to make good. Then he was asked how soon he would be ready to start If an opening could be found Prentiss replied: “Right away.” “What does that mean—in a month, or next week, dr tomorrow?’ he was again asked. Prentiss pulled off his coat, threw it over the back of a chair and re T am—it means right this minut Four years later he was a member of the firm. * ko % During the coming week President Coolldge is to receive a couple of hand rakes specially made for his use—one to rake the White House lawn and another for use on his father's farm In Plymouth, Vt. Each will be adorned with a silver ferrule encircling the h le, on which will be engraved “C. C." These rakes are coming from an old personal friend, Marshall W. Stedman, In Tyringham valley, Mas: ‘who-circulated the petition when Cal- vin Coolidge was first a candidate for Governor of Massachusetts and who represents the fourth gener: tion from father to son of rakemak. ers. v He has been known for years presidential rakemaker. He made a special rake for President Taft, now Chief Justice of the SBupreme Court of the United States, with a thirty- teeth, where the ven. He also supplied President Roosevelt with a specially made rake. * % ¥k This seems to be the open season on lives of Calvin Coolidge. There is one just out from the pen of Rob- ert M. Washburn, who served in the Massachusetts legislature with Cool- 1dge and who i3 & brother-of former Congressman Charles G. Washburn, who has been & close personal friend of Presidents Roosevelt, Taft, Har- ding and Coolldge. Another life of Coolldge is being written by Edward E. Whiting, who supplls “Whitl, Column” in the Boston Herald. “Mike” Hennessy of the Boston Globe, a veteran political writer, is also similarly engaged. Rev. Roland D. Sawyer, a Congrega- tional minister of Ware, M who served consecutively in the Masach: setts house for about ten years, has & life of Coolidge just coming out. He and Coolidge first became frien when he put a good roads bill through the house and Coolidge put it through the senate when they were in the Massachusetts legislature. Sawyer served as a democrat, although he has at various times been a populist. a socialist and a greenbacker. His home town is near that of Coolidge. and they used to confer together as they commuted back and forth to Bt wnat d ut_what {s expected to be “the" life of Coolidge—the official and mo:l pretentious work—is to be compiled by Bs “next friend” Frank Stearns of Boston, who has been Mr. Cool- idge's backer and counselor all the time he has been In politics. Mr. Stearns s now collecting material for this work. L 3 Willlam Tyler Page, clerk of the House, when showing a party of vis- itors about the Capitol pointed out the four great paintings In the Ro- tunda—"“The Declaration ‘of Inde- pendence,” “Thé Surrender of Bur- goyne,” the “Surrender of Cornwal- lis” and the “Resignation of Wash- ington,” which are the work of John Trumbull, the most eminent artist of his day, and completed in 1824. Then Mr. Page in his inimitable style re- called that the Artist Trumbull's father, Jonathan Trumbull, jr., of Connecticut, who served as Speaker from 1781 to 1793, was the only man on record who resigned from the United States Senate to become lieu- tenant governor of a state. From 1798 until his death, In 1809, Jonathan Trumbull, jr., was Governor of. Con- necticut. * % k¥ Curators of the Smithsonian Insti- tution and other collections of Lin- colnlana In Washington have learned with regret that the Capital Is not to get the original of the famous letter written by ““The Great Emancipa- tor” to Horace Greeley, which was the property of the late Dr. James C. Welling of Washington, Accompany- ing the Lincoln letter is another trom the laf John Hay, while Secretary expressing his earnest desire possession of the Lincoln of Sta to sec lette: It consists of three pages declaring tha war was not fought primarily to free megroes and was written to Greeley while the latter was editor of the New York Tribune, in reply to an open letter by that great editor addressed to the President. The Lin- coln letter was published in the Na- tional Intelligencer, Washington, Au- gust 23, 1862. Dr. Welling was then one of the editors of the Intelligencer and retained .the Lincoln letter dur- ing his lifetl It presented by h Secretary Wallace of the Depart- ment of Agriculture has given direc- tions for a beautiful moving picture film of historic and scenic viéws to be loaned free to organizations through- untry. Many famous colo- nlal homes which have weathered the elements for more than a century are shown {n this film. They include Longfellow's home iIn Cambridge, Mass.; Hawthorne's famous “Hous ) 3 the “Witch around which a Frequent references have been made | ch: in these letters to the fact that Emperor Paul of Russla was, es- | pecially toward the: tragic end of his reign, more or less mentally unbal- anced, In view of the fact that his sited | autocracy was not only accepted as R {1y § : i e e T T i e 3 & HiH national law, but also as religious I among Whol L sented 90 pn on, matter mund" his Anlnum 80 Ve ‘Tecourse o the of dealing with cases of s beautiful Lake George regio: v toric Mount Vernon, the “home of George Washington, and scenes zbout the National Capital. Of course, the lesson behind this screen sho ignkd to visualize once America’s premier {lumber tree, is at once ofnamental 1snd useful, with & warning of the a deadliest enemy of the pine. LR One of the prominent men in Con- gress was named after the great Horace Greeley and is willing to ad- mit that he changed his name in dis- gust. That's Representative Richard = Nash Elllott of Indlana. He wi fn | christened “Riehard Greeley” Elliott, the first name “Richard” for .his grandfather. When he was about twelve years old he went out of town on a visit and for the first time ictyre of Horace Greel H: he was “an ugly old fellaw" got 'k _horme C Tt the. parics, opened.the. Bibie or 7 r; O] o o' O the. lo and. sratohed ou the | 507 r lurking in the bligter rust, tl BY ROBERT T. SMALL. Staft Correspondent of The Star. (Copyright, 1928, by The Star.. NEW YORK, November 3.—Joseph Patrick Tumuity is thinking seriously of forming an association of former secretaries to Presidents of the United States. The only drawback to the Prentlss was just out!scheme is that Jos would be in such & tremendous minority. And if there is one thing above another which Joe ~—the master politiclan—detests, it is to be In the minority. Joe is the only living' democratic, ex-secretary. He also claims the record of being the longest secretary, or rather secretary longer, than amy other “assistant President” ever in the White House. In an associstion, however, Joe would be entirely surrounded by re- publicans. He would be suppressed. He would be etifled. His boyish epirit would be torn down and trampled upon. He might not even be permitted to sing. And that must never happen to Joe. However that may be, the observ- ant visitor to Washington recently might have seen Joe Tumulty, George Christian and Carml Thompson of Ohio all walking down the street to- gether—a striking trio of eligibles for the assoclation of ex-secretaries represénting the Wilson, Harding and Taft administrations. Taft left a perfect stream of wecretaries behind him. First of all, there was Fred W. Carpenter, after- ward minister to Morocco and now residing on the Pacific coast, where he is interested in welfare work. Then came Charles Dyer Norton, now t financler but 2 Mr. Norton was novice in pol! followed by Charles Dewey Hilles, one of the best secretaries a Pre: dent ever had. . Hilles became chairman of the republican national committee, and so it was that Carmi ompson served as secretary during the closing days of the Taft admin- istration. With one Harding and three Taft survivors, it will be seen that the odds thus far would be 4 to 1 against Joe' Tumulty. But that is not all. ‘There is Willlam Loeb, jr., who wi etary to President Roosevelt for nearly six years, afterward collector of the port of New York and now a ‘busin man of large affairs. who a the public “se: served under three presidents. was stenographer to President Cleve- land, assistant secretary and later Fifty Years Ago In The Star Perhaps some are now living who recall the -pugilistic exploits of “The Benecla Boy.” Death of the =2 popular American fighter of the past, Benecis BOY. nose death is thus recorded In The Star of October 27, 1873: ‘A telegram announces the death of John C. Heenan, the Benecla Boy. The deceased w: New Yorker and went to California at an early age, where he. worked at a trade. He ‘ought a prize fight there and took the name of the Bepecla Boy from the town of Benecia, which was named after the daughter of Ge: Agramonte, who les buried on its topmost hill. He first became notori- ous by his fight with John Morrisey, in which he was vanquished. He afterward fought Tom Sayres for the championship of England, but the fight was a drawn one. Afterward he was beaten by Tom King, owine, it was alleged, to his being drugged before the fight, from the effects of which he never recovered. In spite of his magnificent physfque, he has been for some time suffering from consumption and had -gone west for his health, but without recelving any benefit from the trip. Hee married some years ago t actress, Adah Isaacs Menken. » * % Leotures were the mainstay of pub- lic entertainment half a century ago, but it would seem from A Plea for the following tn The Star of October 27, 1873, Leotures. (., twaehington had tallen upon hard times in this respect “We do not learn that any steps have yet been taken to furnish our community with lectures during the coming winter, except those to be given by Prof. Agassiz. The dis- courses of the latter will, of course, be appreciated and will furnish an ectual treat seldom enjoyed In- Washington. It is to be presumed that other lectures will be given dui ing winter under different aus- pices, and let us hope that those who hav rge of the matter will ex- ercise due - discretion and - prompt judgment in their selection of lec: turers. Lecture llsts frequently in- clude the names of persons who are wholly ufifitted for the lyceum stage. A lecturer should be able either to instruct or 2o mmuse the peblic, and when he can do neither should re- tire. Let us have lecturers who, if they cannot tell us something new, an at least descant on commonplac matters in such a manner as to fn- terest their hearers.” = . * % The once popular song, “A Hot Time in the Old Town Tonight,” had®not been written fifty years ago by many years, indeed. But Wash~ A Pillar inston had a hot time of sita own on one occasion of Fire. ‘unich furnished a most unusual item of police reporting, as thus shown in the columns of The Star of Ootober 30, 1873: ¢ “This morning Polic nan Dyson of. the sixth precinct reported to the sta- tion that there was ‘a lamp-post on fire’ on the corner of 7th L] streets. This strange announc rather staggered his campani Lieut. Eckloft, afte: ritical tion of the comp! if he was not drun! he meant, when, presented to the tioner a atreak turning about, h Jeue of, his: ques- nged overcoat sxtending from col to tail, while 1t the same time a series of squimns of ‘his person, with rueful counte- nance, convinced those present that he had been uncomfortably warmed up. Lieut’ Bekloft, with others, pro- ceeded to the place indicated and ound the fron lamp post nearly red hot.” " On further inves tion.it was iiscovered that a hole had been lled through one side terior and, looking through th laze of fli to the in- ole, he. on the street improvement the gas escaping through i 1b) by f:; ng hpl: nlpo’by striking a mai »n the post. Policeman Dyson says hat after he got singed leaning up \gainst it his curiosity led him to seep an e on others, and he had he satisfaction of seeing several men approsch ‘the post for a com-. ‘ortable_lean or talk and suddenly iance about and snap their fia fi' vith n = Ome :l‘:‘ag;l:ua Iboi; ual, on touching ped & o Jength and went headlong en post and fus' Bis granatethec | nes the EUter. Lisut: Bekloff noth: {4 R T B s e e e Y by " ch secretary -to -President McKinley and also secretary to President Kooseveli up to the time -that the Jatier eips: vated him to the cabinet by makini- him the first Secretary of Com- merce and Labor. Later Mr. Cortel- you served as Postmaster Genéral and fAinal f Leaving the government service in 1809, Mr. Cortelyou became president of the Consolidated Gas Company in New York, & position he still holds. ‘Thus it all the former secretaries to Presidents were . assembied the count would be: ~ Republicans, 6; dem- 18, No wonder Joe Tumulty push his project. * ko x Vicente Blasco Ibanez, the Spanish novellst, has an entirely new. thought on the United States. He has just re- turned to this country for an extend- ed stay, and has been much lunched and dined since he arrived in New York. He doesn't speak English, but he has a grand flow of Spanish, filled at times with & humor which bears bravely its translation Into the lan- Eguage of the country which the au- thor says he feels almost like adopt- ing. “It 18 a great relief to get to Amer- lca,” he declares. “It s a great treat to drink your sparkling water: In Europe one attends a function and simply has to drink the rare wines and liquors set before one—the cham- pagmes, the burgundies, the char- treuse and the whisky and the soda. I say it is @ rellef to come here to the land of flowing water. I think more and more Europeans will be coming over here to escape the rig- ors of their own hospitability. “In_fact, the United States may soon become what you might call th= sanatorium of the world.” * % Kk Harry W. Kane of Kaintucky and Col. Dan Porter of the Old Dominion, by George, sir, were among & Party of late diners in one of those lit- tle out-of-the-way restaurants that abound so much in New York these ays. Along toward midnight Harry remembered that_he had forgotten to telephone his wife he was staying downtown to dinner. “Dan,” he said, *“do make $200 right quick “Don't care if I replied Dan, “T've got to_go down to the old plantation in Virginny for a few days and cgn use it." ell, come on and go home witl sald Harry, “and you go in firs! Heard and Seen “I have that iron monster eating out of my hand now." he sald. “Iron monster? Sure! Justa fancy name for the furnace, that's all. Now it does exactly what I tell it to. It rolls over, sits at attention, jumps rope and plays dead—well, let's leave out that last. “Reminds me too much of those early days this fall when I was learn- Ing the gentle art of running the brute. I had been warm all my life without knowing anything about how it was done. Never had to rum one, 80 never ald. “Believe me, every boy should be taught to run a furnace. Some day he will want to know, and then he will have to learn by bitter experi- ence. why not let it be a part of the normal training of every Amen ican boy? “It {s7° Well, not always. .o* as Secretary of the Treasury. es to you want to A me,’ * % “When I first took over the furnace job In this first house of my own, 1 thought it would be an easy but dis- agreeable task. Instead I discovered it was agreeable but hard. "I belleve there are few men who would admit even to their friends, let alone in print, that learning to man- age a furnace was hard. But it is to some not gifted along mechanical lines. “Coal j8 a .. ¢r commodity. Ut- terly astde from the important place it has taken in conversation in re- cent years, it is a human commodity in action. It can be perverse, as human beings can; it can be warm genlal; it can be cold and jpert. 'hat you get out of your coa is what you put into it, to gome de ree, at ‘least. If you ‘approach the furnace with a hesitant air, it Te- bels. If you go at it with confidence, it does its best to put its best fool forward. “But success with a furnace, as with its coal, depends largely upon solid knowledge. Many of my good friends have sought to give the im- pression that skill with a furnace is a gift, or at best something too trivial to talk about. They fooled me at first, but not any longer. *1 ’know now that running a fur- nace is as much a sclence, in its limited way, as radio is in its tre- mendous sweep. You have to know your “furnace, it peculiarities, its moods, -and, above all—and below all —its drafts. b “One counselor would say to do 80-and-so. Another would say to do just the opposite. Perhaps the poker was the central thing at issue. One fact advooated the liberal use of the poker. The other sald never use a poker. “And those pamphlets issued by the furnace and coal companies! Nice booklets, all right, with good advice, mostly, but too theoretical. There Is nothing theoretical about a furnace. “It is one of the most practical things in the world. Viewed with the imagination, on the other hand, it is a poetic thing. It sits guletly in the basement, never making & sound, but upon it depend health and happiness. “Without its proper functioning a home is merely a barn, or less than & barn. When it is doing its dufy. any house becomes a home. “Wherefore the importance of the furnace. I believe 1 could write a pamphlet ‘on a furnace that really would tell something. You see, any one who has had experience does: need a pamphlet. Those who need such a work ought to have elementary Instruction. “What |s the use telling the novice all about the management of drafts, in an abstract way fhen what he needs is expilcit, minute by minute instruction on_ just what to do at each time of the day. “What he needs advice what to do_when he first starts the fur- nace, how much paper to put in, how much wood, and just what shape, how the fire ought to look when he shovels in the first coal, just how much to put on, the place to put it, and stuft “The ups and downs of .the furpace ought to be made clear. If a hot- water furnace, it cannot get too fow without going out, or too high with- out kicking over the trace The learner could be told just what to do, just how to manage the drafts. Especially the sdience eof banking ought to be explained. . r ““Tell the amateur how to shake his furnac 11 about the ashes, how to manhandle a -clinker, and how to use the poker. 5 % “Why, here Is a bit of advice that is worth all the pamphlets. |, Maybe I will write a book on it, called ‘The Theory and Practice of Poker Play.’ “Solld Iron, not pasteboards! “Here is some real advice: Do not t the top of.the bed the clinker Ml‘mlnfl‘;l.ik o npnn:r ® . &lo} 0 o bd. A halt 15 will. shake o ahaker >t <