Evening Star Newspaper, February 18, 1923, Page 39

- EDITORIAL SECTION EDITORIAL PAGE NATIONAL PROBLEMS SPECIAL ARTICLES Part 2—16 Pages WOULD CUT NON-MILITARY SUBJECTS FROM ARMY BILL ' Provision for National Defense Reduced for Benefit of River and Harbor Expenditure. BY . GOULD LINCOLN. CONOMICAL methods adopted by the House appropriations committee and the House in dealing with the military ac- tivitles carried in the War Department appropriation bill, while at the same time adding to the sums carried for the non-military actlvities (the rivers and harbors appropriations particu- larly), has given rise to not a little discussion at the Capitol as to the advisabllity of separating these mill- tary and non-military appropriations ‘when It comes to legislation in the next Congress. ‘The bureau of the budget submitted estimates for the fiscal year 1924 for the military activities amounting to $263,384,200, and for the non-military activities amounting to $56,389,779.28. The House appropriations commit- tee always takes the first whack at all proposed appropriations. When it considered the War Department bill this year it cut the amount for the military actlvitles to $248,797,051. In other words it lopped off some $12,- 800.000. But when it came to con- sider the non-military activities, and, as has been said, particularly the rivers and harbors item, in which so many of the members of the House and of the Senate are interested, be- cause the money must be expended in their districts or states for Im- provements to those districts and states, what did the committes do? Money for Rivers and Harborw, The committee did not cut the ap- propriations for the rivers and har- bors—far from it. The committee added between $9.000.000 and $10.- 000,000 to the budget estimate of $27,000,000 for the rivers and harbors. But don't overlook this fact—the ocommittee was able to point with pride to the fact that the total car- ried in the War Department appro- priation bill—popularly known as the Army bill—had been cut by about 25,700,000 below the estimates sub- mitted by the budget bureau. The committee’s record for economy, ap- parently, was intact. And how dld the committee accom- plish this? Why, by paring down the items proposed for the national de- fense, in order to offset what in some quarters have been called the “pork barrel” increases. They cut the items for the Regular Army In a number of instances below the budget figures, and they took great slices off the sums proposed by the budget bureau for the training of the so-called citl- sens’ army. For Citizen Soldiery. The decreases made in the ftems for the training of citizens to bear arms and command troops were prob- ably far more serious than the cuts! made for the Regular Army. In the first place, the leseon taught by the great war has been to the effect that the United States—or any other country—if it desires to be in a posi- tion to defend itself, must train citizens to fight, must develop as large 2 number of reserve officers as possible. So the plan has been to maintain a small standing army and to give as much training as possible to citizens, without seeking at all 1o make a militaristic nation out of this country Provision was made by law for the organized reserve and for the National Guard. Thero are the re- serve offiicers, the R. O. T. C.—the Reserve Officers’ Training Corps— made up of students in schools and colleges the country over, the citi- zeng’ military training camps and, Jast but by no means least, the Vatlonal Guard. These are organi- zations where the citizen soldlery gets Its training. But what did the House committee do to these activ- itles when it handled the appropria- tion bill? The House itself, follow- ing the lead of the committee, in some instances reduced the items still further. The House committee reduced the amount estimated for the pay and allowances of the Officers’ Reserve ~y Corps from $1.746,000 to $1,100, and the House eventually made it snly $900,000. The House committee climinated the sum needed to main- tain divisional and regimental head- quarters of the organized reserves throughout the country—the plan adopted to perfect the skeletonized reserves—and in this the House back- od up the committee. When it tackled the appropria- tions for the R. O. T. C., the students gaining military instruction while in college and school, the House com- mittee cut the estimates from $4,- 401,000 to $3,250,000, and the House agreed to It. It is estimated that there are now about 104,000 young men taking this training to*make them pbtentially efficient officers in time of need, and that in the next year there wlill be about 111,000 of them. . For the civilian military tralning camps—camps to which young men may go each summer for a period of intensive training—the committee cut the budget estimate from $2,975,000 to $2,000,000, but provided that the unexpended balance of last year might | be used, amounting to $500,000. The committee sliced almost $5,000,- 1000 oft the total estimates submitted | by the budget bureau for the National | Guard, making the total amount for ithe guard $29,021,990, as compared | with estimates totaling $33,992,222. Some Appropriations Restored. When the Senate appropriations committee received the bill not un- naturally there were urgent pleas from the Secretary of War and high officers of the Army for a restoration of the sums cut out by the House and its committee. They were needed, it was sald, to provide for the training of the citizen soldiery—the men who must be depended upon if another war comes. For the Regular Army, it is contended, has been cut to a size so insignificant that it approximates the danger point—12,000 officers and 125,- 000 enlisted men. The Senate commit- tee restored a great many of these items, but kept within the budget estimates, lower than the estimates in a number of cases. Then the bill went to conference, and, of course, the Scnate was not able to prevail against the House in all of these in- creases, but had to yield on some of them. While the War Department bill was before the Senate Senator Borah of ldaho, Senator King of Utah and oth- ers pointed out that it was not fair to make the Army bill carry the items for rivers and harbors. o They have both been strong opponents of so- called “pork barrel” legislation for rivers upon which there is no com- merce and no likelihood of any. The opposition to Including the rivers and harbors appropriations in the_Army the increase of about $10,000,000 which the House committee had made in the total for rivers and harbors over and above the budget estimate, had added $20,000,000 more, making a total of $36,000,000. Waterway Appropriations Retained. The Senate committee and the Senate itself, despite the protests of many senators, retained the $56,000,000 for rivers and harbors. And so the War Department bill will carry in the neighborhood of $235,000,000 or $340,000.000, when, if the items were confined to the strictly military ac- tivities’ in defense of the country, it would carry approximately $250,000,000. 1t has been recognized that the Army appropriations must go through, and they do go through each year. It s to' the advantage, therefore, of those who desire rivers and harbors | appropriations in large sum to have them tied to the Army bill. In the Ppast so strong has been the opposition to some of these rivers and harbors The Sunday Star WASHINGTON, D. C., SUNDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 18, '1923. President Forsees Great Era of Prosperity | But Holds Ship Aid Needed to Cinch It BY N. O. MESSENGER. ITH the British debt funding bill practically out of the way in the Senate, for there only remains the shaping of the legislation in con- ference between the two houses, the mer- chant marine bill approaches the crucial stage which this week will determine whether it is to be filibustered to death or permitted to come to a vote. A test vote in the Senate Friday night on a collateral motion appeared to indicate that the bill will have a majority in its support, if it comes to a vote on final passage. Conditions are favorable for the prosecu- tion of a filibuster if one is decided upon by the opponents of the bill. Commencing to- morrow only twelve legislative days remain before the Congress expires. There is a mass of legislation deemed important yet to go through the finishing mill, and even a small group could carry on an effective filibuster without excessive physical fatigue. * % ok % President Harding has again indicated that he would not call an extra session if the bill should fail, and at the same time has sounded a final note of warning as to the grave consequences of failure to act. The government stands to lose enormous sums, the country faces loss of its shipping and return to prewar conditions of sole re- liance on foreign ships to carry the com- merce of the nation. The only objection to the bill is the idea of paying a subsidy to build up and main- tain a merchant marine. In great industrial enterprises it is found necessary often to subsidize some feature of the business to promote other branches. Newspapers have to subsidize their circulation in order to car- ry their advertising, the source of profit and the life blood of the business. No newspaper makes a profit on the sales of the publication. The getting out of the paper is a loss, but circulation must be kept up. Senators report that there has been a change in public sentiment in favor of the bill, as the people have studied the question in its practical effects, divested of the preju- dice against a subsidy. * %k ¥ % In the debates in the Senate on the Brit- ish debt funding plan of the administration frequent comment has been made on the up- lifting effect upon business of the settle- ment of this fiscal problem existing between used most generally was “stabilizing condi- tions.” The first effect expected by the busi- ness world is the stimulation of trade be- tween England and the United States, and this contemplated result has a direct bearing on the merchant marine question. Great Britain, boasted mistress of the seas through the centuries, will keep her fleets afloat at any cost, and will seck to ob- tain every possible advantage in the increase in exchange in commodities belween the two countries. * % ¥k ¥ President Harding is an optimist on the United States and its prosperity. He has ab solutely no patience with the pessimists who prophecy gloom and disaster. He looks for a steady, forward and upward movement in all the country's affairs. He would indorse the thought uttered by Secretary Fall of the Department of the In- terior in a speech the other night, when he said that the United States has been setting a good example of quiet, humdrum, sane and +*sensible management of a nation’s affairs. “Nothing spectacular has been done,” said the Secretary, “but taxes are lower. Nothing sensational has been accomplished, but the danger of a war in the Pacific has been re- moved. Nothing startling has been under- taken, but four or five million workers, who, two years ago were out of jobs, are now in jobs, and more labor is needed than can be found. The cost of living has not been re- duced much, but the number of people who can pay that cost has been increased power- fully.” * % % % President Harding foresees one possible shadow overhanging the onward march of business activity, and regards it as a very grave menace—the results, economic, finan- cil and industrial which would follow the de- feat of the plan for stabilizing the merchant marine. He does not get much solace out of the thought that the responsibility would be lifted from his shoulders and rest on Con- gress. He would rather bear the responsi- bility for favorable action on the bill. The democrats think the republicans will be swept out of power if the administration and the Congress get the shipping bill through. President Harding would be more than glad to take that chance. * k ¥ X One of the skits at the Gridiron Club's tors and representatives basking in the shade of Lafayette Park long after Congress adjourned. They were afraid to go home to their constituents. It was highly burlesqued and exaggerated, of course, but the insidious suggestion lurked in the mind of many in the audience that possibly some of the solons who can be charged with responsibility for the defeat of the merchant marine bill, if it befalls, may find their welcome home dimin- ished. * %k kK Congress, approaching the end of a ses- sion, can be likened to a family preparing for a long journey and an extended stay from home—in the last days of “packing up,” it is wonderful how many little odds and ends arc to be gathered up and attended to, until the few hours before train time become a near panic. And then, the chances are, something is forgotten. For the next fortnight there will be a great rush and scurry about the Capitol, with a pressure for action on scores of bills that have been left stagnant on the calendars of the two houses during the session. * * K k¥ Are people interested in the debates in Congress? A casual look in upon the aver- age sessions of the House and Senate might at first glance, seem to answer the query in the negative. Some days the galleries are practically deserted; around the four galler- ies, accommodating 700 occupants, wnll show less than a hundred. But let sonfe big question come up, and the people show their interest. When the British debt funding bill was under debate in the Senate the galleries were thronged all day, notwithstanding the subject being a complicated matter of figures running into billions, of interest rates, of bonds and all that might seem to be above the heads of the rank and file. Not so; the throngs eagerly absorbed the arguments for and against. It is a pretty shrewd guess that the people follow the debates in Congress a great deal more closely than perhaps some of the statesmen think. * ¥ % ok The absence of Congress from Washington for eight months will make a big difference in this town. It is probably not realized how many scores of thousands of people are at- tracted here by Congress in session. And President Harding is to be away for several months, no doubt. The outlook is hard for the newspaper correspondents. What are appropriations that filibusters in- the Senate have compelled their elimina- tion or reductio By William Allen White. Note.—In publishing this ar- ticle_by the briiliant editor of the Emporia Gazette, The Star does not necessarily indorse the views he expresses. But Mr. White brings to the discussion of current events a fertile mind and _an entertaining style, and a discriminating pubilc’ will place its own valuation upon the opinion he advances. HE joy of Washington as a place of residence lles In the fact of its isolation, its de- liclous detachment from American life. It is supposed to be the center of many things, the hub of politics at least. But Washington knows 5o little of politics! Every one here is blinded by an unenlightened self-interest in politics. People see what they hope. So Washingtonians Zo up and down an island of dreams and the country around them jogs along interested in all manner of things which never enter the con- sclousness of Washington at all. In time some of the interests of the country come into the consclousness of Washington, but too often only in a vague and impersonal way, as the unsubstantial pigments of a cloud pleture whose forms dissolve before thelr meaning is revealed. This dream life of Washington Is one of the semi-precious blessings of Provi- sience. It is ona of.the necessary limitations which Divine Prescience has put upon democracy. For, after all, until men are perfect we must limit the yearnings of democracy, Jjust as we checked the aspirations of absolute monarchy and made mon- archy serve its purpose and take its vseful place In the world. Democracy rampant would wreck America If ‘Washington really knew what was In the hearts of the people. Indeed, only in heaven itself shall we be worthy of writing our thoughts upon our brows. But if the waters of delusion and vain hope ever dried and con- nected Washington with the main- land of reality in America sheer fear of defeat would drive our statesmen into a catastrophe of folly. So de- mocracy sustains itself by blinding its servants. * ¥ x % And Washington imagines a vain thing. Just now Washington is cas- tle-building, soothsaying the nomi- nation of presidential candidates for 1924. Washington believes that the | country is greatly excited about pres- idential possibilities. There is the un- enlightened self-interest rising again, the Incarnation of hope. The folks are not even remotely concerned about the nominees for 1924. Indeed, the people do not care whether the parties nominate any one or. mot. (Continued on Third Page.) the two English-speaking nations. Remarkable Sway Over the Sons of Esau Exercised by Four Elderly English Women bill was given added fmpetus by the | fact that the House, not content with BY FREDERICK CUNLIFFE-OWEN, C. B. E. NGLISH women—and elderly English women at that—have, during the past hundred years, exercised an extraordinary amount of influence over those par- ticular followers of Islam (namely, the Arabs) who have all along en- joyed the reputation of being the most fanatic, the most unruly and the most averse to any sort of inter- course with the European or Ameri- can Christian, or. indeed, with any kind of forelgners. Memorles of that amazing Lady Hester Stanhope, the brilllant but eccentric nlece and adopted daughter of England's cele- brated premler, Willlam Pitt, are still | cherished among the Arabs of the Holy Land, of Transjordania and throughout the peninsula of Sinal, and of all that mysterious region known as Arabla Infells. And her tomb In Palestine Is revered to this day by the sons of Esau as a shrine and Is the bourn of many a pllgrim- age. Equally remarkable was the sway In that part of the world exercised by the divorced wife of the first Earl of Ellenborough, a daughter of the ancient English house of Dight, who, after a series of elopements and mar- rieges, and after llving openly in London with Prince Leopold of Saxe- Coburg (afterward first King of the Belgians), and subsequently at Mu- nich as the recognized favorite of King Louls of Bavaria, drifted to Syria, married (according to Moslem rites) an Arab chleftain of the name of Sheikh Medjed el Mazrab, survived him for many years as his widow, rul- ing his own tribe and many others Iwith a rod of iron, and finally being lald to rest in the tomb near Damas- cus, revered by natives far and wide as a saint possessed of marvelous powers, and whose grave, like that of her countrywoman, Lady Hester Stan- hope, i8 treated as a shrine. * ok ok % Another woman, much of the same type, was Isabella Burton, wite of that famous African and Asiatic ex: plorer, Sir Richard Burton, and by birth, as a daughter of the Lords Arundell of Wardour, was a countess of the holy Roman empire. She lived for many years at Damascus in quite as intimate intercourse with the Arab population as her husband, who was the first European Christian in modern times to visit Mecca In the disguise of an Egyptian pligrim of the lower classés. Every bit as un- conventienal, restless and impatient of all restraint as Lady Hester and as Lady Ellenborough, women of her own caste and bringing up, she sleeps her last rest, not in the orient, but in an English cemetéry beside her equally strange husband, in a mausoleum fashloned In the shape of an Arab desert tent. * ok k¥ More. zemarkable-than any of thess | Gertrude Bell, The term three women just mentioned, is Mis: the unmarried daugh- ter of Sir Hugh Bell, the great north of England ironmaster, and whose in- fluence over the members of the Arab race, irrespective of tribal dissen- slons, and extending over chieftains and ordinary warriors and over their womentfolk alike, is altogether unique and without any parallel. She has never found it necessary to become a convert to Islam nor to abandon her mode of life, and at Bagdad, where she usually makes her head- quarters, dresses for dinner with just as much care and elegance as for any cntertainment of the fasionable sea- son in London. Over fifty, with her hair now rapidly turning gray, still etaining her femininity and her charm and distinction of manner without one vestige of masculinity, she understands these people of the desert as no other European, past or present. She speaks their various languages and dialects. She under- stands their train of thought and their mentality, which {s so radicaflly dif- ferent from that of the European or American.” She ls acquainted with all their tribal histories, prejudices and traditions. She knows the mo- tives that prompt all their leading men, and thelr religlous views, no matter how odd, have no secret for her. In one word, she possesses the most marvelously sympathetic under- slanding of all these people—their men, their women and their children; and they, on the other hand, are aware of this and they accord to her their most complete confidence and * % ¥ ¥ Before the great war Gertrude Bell was constantly assailed by Germany's agents throughout ‘Asia Minor, Meso- potamia and Arabla. She showed an altogether uncanny faculty for not only frustrating all their intrigues and maneuvers, but even for fore- seeing them, and it is sald that they ended by placing a price upon her head as the chlef obstruction to all thelr designs. Her acquaintance with the east is of no recent origin. It ex- tends over & quarter of a century or more. For she developed her taste for oriental travel when she was barely twenty-two years old. Since the great war, she has incurred the 11 will of certain Parisian and Italian elements at Angors—elements which it would be misleading to describe as French, but which have counted upon exploiting concessions secured at An- gora by journalistic agencies, and that have been sold to financlers of the so-called International order who make their happy hunting ground on the banks of the Seine. All these at- tacks Miss Bell has been able to re- gard with comparative indifference. She' could scarcely expect to find grace in Teuton eyes, nor yet in those) of the nendescript and questionable concession hunters from Paris and Rome at Angora. dinner a week ago depicted a group of sena- But now she is for the first time being assailed by certain organs of the English press—notably by Lord Beaverbrook's Daily Express, a lead- ing London newspaper, which 1s hold- ing her up to obloquy as responsible for England’s Intervention in Arabia and Mesopotamia, also in Palestine. and as chiefly to blame for the very large sum of money which has been spent by Great Britain in establish- ing British supremacy throughout the entire length of the Valley of the Eu- phrates. * % x In one sense, the London Daily Ex- press is right Great Britain would ro longer occupy her predominant position at Bagdad, and In Mesapo- tamia, nor yet in Arabla, nor Indeed, in all that portion of the orlent, were it not for Miss Gertrude Bell. Con- nected with her by ties of cousinship, and having known, not only her parents, but also her grandparents. from the time of my boyhood, I am possibly prejudiced in her favor. But, on the other hand, it affords me the possibility of writing about her with knowledge and with understanding. ‘Whatever else may be sald about England, her word and hér honor were beyond reproach throughout the orient. She was trusted as no other foreign nation, and this con- fldence even extended to her com- mercial relations all over the east. The word of Great Britain and the word of her citizens went far. And nowhere does the value of a promise carry so much weight as in Asia. Business there among the natives and with the English has always been jdone on the nod—that is to say,.with- out . written contract; commerce has been carried on wholly on credit, and even for money advanced collateral is never demanded. A striking illustr: tion of this is afforded by the case of the Sassoons, during hundreds of years at Bagdad, now of Bombay, and who have all along enjoyed something akin to monopoly of the native bank- ing in Asia and northern and central Africa. It is their money that has financed all the commerce of those reglons, and in spite of the fact that their deals have always been verbal, and sometimes merely by signs and by pressures on the arm, concealed from view by the voluminous sleeves of the native dress, yet their losses have been few and far between, 5o great is the regard for honor in trade. |No one has ever been known to fail the Sassoons, just in the-same way that they have never been knawn to fall any onme. The British by their | appreciation of the worth of honesty in business dealing as an asset of in- calculable value on the continent of Asta have been admitted to this species of native Freemasonry in commerce, and the word of ‘the Eng- 1lish government -in course of time has acquired” the ‘same degree of we all going to write about? value with native rulers and princes as the word of the English merchant. * % ok ¥ Now, In the turmoll and ghastly confusion arising from the late war, which eventualized in changes of a political * character so radical and drastic that they could never have been foreseen, Great Britain has in several instances found it difficult— nary. wellnigh impossible—to fulfill to the uttermost political pledges which she had undertaken and agree- ments to which she had given her as- sent. It has been the purely patri- otic task of Miss Gertrude Bell to make clear and to explain to the satisfaction of her friends among the sons of Esau, and, indeed, throughout all Arabia and the near east, the cir- cumstances, wholly beyond human control, which have rendered Great Britain apparently gullty of breaches of good faith. It is because of her marvelous insight into the orfental mentality that she has been able to explain matters in such a fashion as to be understood and to relieve her government of the reproach of in- consistency and to retain native con- fidence in England's honor and hon- esty of purpo: Col. Lawrence, the young Engmnl officer who played so romantic a role in the great war as the brother-in- arms of King Feisul in the command of the Arab allies of Great Britain in the war, attempted the task of ex- plaining matters, but, after several unsuccessful attempts, relinquished the efforts and returned to England. Miss Gertrude Bell, perhaps just be- cause she is a woman, accomplished the task which was beyond his pow- ers, and the result is shown by the fact that she {s today regarded as the juncrowned queen of Irik and as the egeria and principal counselor and right hand of King Feisul of Meso- potamia. * ok ok % REPUBLICANS IN HOUSE TO FACE BIG HANDICAP Majority Will Lack Parliamentarians, While the Minority Will Have Many ° Versed in BY WILL P. KENNEDY. ONGRESS in endeavoring to clean up its legislative slate before packing it away for approximately nine months is considerably concerned over the important legislation that must be left over until the new Congress and about contemplated legislation which must be considered by the in- coming Congress. Much of this vexation of spirit !s because it is well understood that the republican control of the House in the coming Congress Is by a very narrow mar- gln, which can easily be switched. In the present Congress the re- publican majority in the House is 160, but it has been beaten time and again by the democrats, supported by some dissatisfied group, In the next Congress the nominal republican ma- jority is seventeen, which on a divi- sion can be overcome by a switch of eight or nine votes. The block system, and especially the boastfully forecast purpose of the radicals under Wisconsin leader- ship to make trouble, is a constant thorn in the side of the republican majority. Conflict of interests between the republicans from eastern states and those from western states is a grow- ing menace. Then, too, the majority, the party in power and held responsible, is extremely nervous with ¢ presi- dential campalgn coming on—un- usually nervous. But what probably will be the strongest factor at work -to break republican strength in the new Con- gress and to impede, if not thwart the plans of the republican leaders is the fact that while the democratic mindrity has a wealth of seasoned parliamentarians, the. republican ma- jority will have not one really strong parliamentarian. Value of Parliamentary Knowledge. Knowledge of the rules is of great benefit to a member of Congress in the dlscharge of his duties. The rules are extremely complicated, and few members of the House know any- thing about their intricacies. To give an example, there {s a man now in the House, who had been floor leader In his state senate before he ran for Congress. He was elected in 1915, when for the first time in ten years there had been a long ‘hiatus between sessions of Congress. He spent the nine months interven- ing in plugging up on the rules of the House, with a view to becoming a worthwhile member and gain some recognition. He had a fairly good groundwork of parliamentary prac- tice from his service in the state legislature. He hadn't been in Con- gress one month when he said: “T see I made a mistake, instead of studying the rules of the House for nine months I should have studied No matter how able a member of the House may be, or how adroit a debater he may be, if he is perform- ing and does not know the rules he can be tripped up by members who do know them, held out of order and lose the floor before he realizes where he is. Right there is where the republican majority will miss Representative James R. Mann, who was an out- standing parliamentarian for many years. In fact, Mann was so good a parllamentarian, so predominatingly good, that the other republicans who might have made good parliamenta- rians left the leadership in partisan debate to him, and had scant chance to get the experience so essential to success along that line. In fact, Mann was one of the best parliamen- tarlans that Congress has ever seen. He had a marvelous mind for detail and never forgot anything. He knew the rules, and, even more important, he knew the reason for the rules. If any question came up for which there was no precedent, he was grounded 0 thoroughly in parliamentary law and knew what the rules ought to be l.flle exceptions to the rules.” ! Congress himself. the Rules. that he was always master of the situation. There are some members on both the republican and democratic sides— and this applies especially to some ambitious young republican members who are trying to fit themselves to be parliamentarfans—who have a su- perficlal knowledge of the rulings, but they do not understand the par- liamentary reason on which they are based. They know the precedents and decisions In the particular matter But a great many times questions come up in which there are no prece- dents. These ambitious but untrained men are like “case lawyers,” who sim- ply “are not”there” when it comes to discussions Involving general ju- risprudence. Democratic Parliamentarians, Now to get down to specific facts abolt the democratic parllamentarian strength in the next Congress: There is Representative Charles R. Crisp of Georgia, who was parliamentarian to his father for four years whlile the elder Crisp was speaker, and parliamentarian with Speaker Clark for two years bgfore he came to There is Repre- sentative Finls J. Garrett of Tennes- see, the acting minority leader, who ‘will undoubtedly be minority leader in his own right In the next Congress, who i8 a very able parliamentarian. There is Representative Otls Wingo of Arkansas, who through much practice and regular attendance has made himself a pretty good parlla- mentarian and a match for any on the republican side now that Mann is gone. There is Representative Thomas L. Blanton of Texas, gen- erally referred to as “obstreperous,” but Blanton has learned the rules and the exceptions and the reasons therefor probably better than any of the younger members of the House and has a pecullar quality of per- sistence and Irrepressibility :which even in this Congress has caused end- less trouble for the republican lead- ers. There is Clarence Cannon, who is coming into the next Congress as successor from Champ Clark's old district. Cannon was parliamentarian to Speaker Clark for four years and to Speaker Gillett for about ome year and has since been engaged in revising the precedents 6f Congress. There is also Representative John Garner, quondam democratic Wwhip and always on guard for party ad- vantage on the floor. Thers is also the veteran, Representative Henry 'T. Rainey of Illinols, who is coming back in the next Congress. Republican Parliamentarians. What have the republicans to off- t this group? Speaker Gillett, wk will undoubtedly succeed himself, has a good knowledge of the rules and precedents and exceptions—but this knowledge will really work to the disadvantage of hig republican col- }leagues because he will be in the chair making decislons, rather than on the | floor exercising generalship and strategy. His knowledge of the rul will make him see the more quickly where the democratic parliamen- | tarians are right, which may not’ be as clear to other republican members, Representative Nicholas Longworth ot Ohio and Representative Willlam J. Graham of Illinois, who are rivals for floor leader In the next Hous are both fair parllamentarians. Rep- resentative Willlam H. Stafford of Wisconsin, who has been the most active in parllamentary debate and has for several years been a protege of the late Representative Mann, will not be in the next House. Repre- sentative Horace M, Towner of Iowa 15 a veteran member and has had con- siderable parliamentary experience, but he is not a dominating person- ality. Besides it is the general belief that he is slated to be the next Gov- ernor of Porto Rico. When all Is sald and done the ons republican member in the next House on whom the slender majority will depend most in parliamentary scrap Is Representa- tive John Q. Tilson of Connecticut, former speaker of the stats legisla- 0 ture. e e e How a North Carolina Mill Communiiy Freed Itself of Malaria and Typhond Rosemary and Roanoke Rapids, N. C., reduced the percentage of their population _affected by malaria from 49.8 to less than one-tenth of 1 per cent by getting rid of mosquitoes. Samuel F. Patterson, head of the Rosemary and Roanoke cotton mills, found in 1912 that half the people in his community were infected with septic tanks for sewage disposal. The entire equipment of the fine new hospital, with a staff of five physicians, two graduate nurses and sixteen student nurses, is at the dis- posal of mill employes and their families at a cost of 10 cents a week. Although the mills bullt the hos- pital and make up the yearly deficit If today Great Britaln's supremacy |malarial germs. After arranging for [ which develops in connection with in Arabla and Mesapotamia {s still |the mills to bulld a $75,000 hospital | jte activities, the institution is ad- assured, and likely to remain so, it:he placed Dr. T. W. M. Long In|ministered by representatives of the is entirely due to her work and to the |charge and started him on his cam-community In conjunction with miil blind trust which her native friends of high and low degree accord to palgn against malaria and typhold. Four large swamps supplied most; officlals. In ten years, by prevention and her, and to the confidence which|of the mosquitoes. The parts ofjcare, a sickly, malarial community through her and solely on her ac-|them which could be drained with-|has been turned into a health resort. count they still retain in Great Brit- ain. out prohibitive expense were drain- ed. Three public health service ex- Roanoke Rapids and have together 7,500 people, Rosemary with It ts that condence, which extends|perts from the Canal Zone assisted. ! 2,120 of them enrolled in a high even to Angora, which will be found in the end to exercise a determining influence upon the decision of the Kemal Pasha government there. For the members of the Angora assem- bly—70 per cent of which is composed of enlightened Turks, who, during thelr year's internment at Maita, were treated with the utmost consid- eration and courtesy by the English— have learned to value English good will, and, especially after the expe- riences of the congress of Lausanne, are known to be leaning rhore and more_to_the conviction that the best (Contiriued on Third Page) Cans containing crude oil, so arrang- ed that the ofl spilled only a drop at & time, where placed around the undrained pools. The film of oil which the cans kept on the water prevented the young mosquitoes, when in amphibian form just after hatching, from getting to the sur- face to breathe. The result was the elimination of mosquitoes, and with them the malaria which they carried from person to person. Dr. Long ‘also got rid of typhold in the community formed by the two towns by golng below bedrock for the water supply and installing school which cost $500,000—further evidence that the south is mnot a coming country, but one that has arrived. Denial by Brazil . The Brazillan embassy announced yesterday that there was no truth in recently published reports that Brazil and Japan had reached an agreement for the migration oi 500,000 Japanese to Brazil. The story leading to this denial alleged an agreement by which Brazll was to place the immigrants on farms in the interior, where laboy is needed. -