Evening Star Newspaper, January 16, 1921, Page 34

2 THE SUNDAY STAR, JANUARY 16, 1921—PART 2. THE EVENING STAR. ‘With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. they are likely to spend their funds ? | without effect. Of course, much harm can be done by a propaganda of this sort. There SUNDAY.......January 16, 1921 |are enough discontented people in the THEODORE W. NOYES. .. .Editor ‘The Evening Star Newspaper Company | .. Pennsylvania Ave. Busizess Office. 11th St. and 2 me Building. Office:_Tribu Chicago Office: First National Bank Building. European Office: 3 Regent St., London, England. The Bvenin i edition, s delivered by carriers within the city at 60 cents per month: daily only, 45 cents per month: Sunday enly, 20 cents per month. Or- ders may be sent by mail, or telephone Main 8000, Collection is made by carriers at the end of each month. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday..1yr., $8.4 Paily only 1yr., $6.0 Bunday only 1 mo., 50c 1yT., $2.40; 1 mo., 20c All Other States. Daily and Sundly.} yr., $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ $7.00; 1 mo., 60c Dally only .. $3.00: 1 mo., 25¢ Sunday only Germany at the Brink. Cable dispatches from Berlin indi- cate that German statesmen are grave- ly apprehensive over the change of ministries in France and fearful that it means sterner French insistence upon fulfillment of the terms of the Versailles treaty. They profess to be- (ieve that Germany may be forced to go the way Austria has gone, confess herself a bankrupt and invite her late enemies to take over administration of her affairs. The world will waste little sympathy upon the fears and apprehensions of German statesmen, and their doleful assertions will be believed only so far as they are known to be true; but there are certain outstanding facts which neither France nor the other nations which have reparation claims against Germany can afford to over-| look. One of them is that if the Ger- man people are stripped of all their tools of production they cannot pro- duee, and unless they can produce they cannot pay. These necessary tools of production embrace cash cap- -ital, machinery, materials, fuel, live stock and other instruments by which things are grown and mined and man-{ ufactured. If all this capital which is removable were taken, Germany would perish and the claims of the allies would still be unsatisfied. It is apparent, therefore, that instead of stripping Germany of such resources as were not destroyed in the war, they mainly must be left to her for the purposes of production, and indem- nities paid out of surplus products. That the plight of the German peo- ple is due to their own sins and the madness of their rulers is true, but; that fact does not make it any less a condition which the world must reckon with. Even if the vindictive- ness of the world led it to wish for the destruction of Germany, it is a pun- ishment the worild cannot afford to in- flict. And as Germany must continue to exist, it must be allowed to retain the means of existence. Among the hard facts about Ger- many with which the world must reckon is that its national debt, with- out taking reparation claims into ac- count, {s more than three times the entire national wealth. The American _ people complain of the burdensome- ness of their national debt. The na- tional debt of the United States is 4.8 per cent of the national wealth. The national debt of Germany is 312.5 per cent of the national wealth. It is true that a major portion of the German debt is owed to the German people and ocould be canceled without affect- ing foreign claims, but enough of it 1s owed outside to present an appalling problem in a nation which has so largely destroyed its taxable resources. Before Germany can get production up to the point where there is any surplus for the payment of debts large stocks of materials must be purchased abroad, and to make these purchases Germany lacks both credit and cash the value of her currency having di-| minished almost to the vanishing point. | Before the war one German mrk' would buy 23.8 cents worth of ean goods. Today one mark will buy ‘but 1.38 cents worth. Mo one blames France for wanting to-collect indemnity as & means of re- Mewing her own serious financial plight, But France’s best friends may doubt the wisdom of pushing her debtor to the wall. The problem of French states- manship seems to be how to make the possibflities of collecting from Ger- many square with the expectations of such collection that the French people bave been imbued with. Successive ministries have failed because they could not find the solution. At this distance it is impossible to see how a mew ministry can succeed where the others have failed. ‘To the outsider there would seem to bave been wisdom in the proposal of Premier Leygues—a proposal which brought about his downfall—that Ger- many be required to pay three hun- dred million gold marks a year for a period of five years, at the end of which period the total of the French 1y yr., | | 1 pearance United States to form a fertile soil for the propagation of radicalism, but not enough to constitute a real men- It is never safe to belittle the possibilities of revolutionary tend- encies. Yet no test has ever failed to demonstrate in this country that Star, with the Sunday morning |anarchism is abhorred by the people generally and that a small minority cannot sway public sentiment to the point of revolt. These red agents can perhaps pro- mote strikes in the industries here and there. They can perhaps cause de- struction by occasional bomb ex- plosions. They can, maybe, provoke riots in the large centers. But these things only get a little way. They are destructive and harmful and dis- turbing while they last. They cost an immense amount of money sooner or later and they slow up industry and make more difficult the process of ad- Jjustment between capital and labor that is steadily in progress. But they do not make for revolution. If the purpose of Lenin and Trotsky is simply to annoy the United States they can do it. But they cannot de- stroy it politically. They cannot over- turn it socially. This extensive prop- aganda is but another manifestation of the extreme folly that marks the bolshevik program in Europe in the utter lack of sense of proportion prev- alent in the dictatorship of the prole- tariat that is now enjoying a probably brief career in that land. The People and Inauguration. Provision for the care and bandling of large numbers of visitors at the time of the inauguration is regarded by the District Commissioners as necessary, notwithstanding the change in program which has resulted from Mr. Harding’s request for a simple ceremony March 4. They have asked for a special appropriation for this one was a potential enemy. With the settlement of the country the dangers became less and yet the old habit of shooting quick remained. Men took the law into their own hands and avenged themselves for murders or other wrongs. One crime !begot another. There was no stopping point. Rarely was the law permitted to take a hand and administer pun- ishment. It was rated as an indeli- ble blot upon the family record not to take private vengeance. Any member of the family involved in one of these feuds who turned his back on such practices was rated as a craven, disowned and sometimes {himself slain as recreant. The feuds were transmitted from {father to son through the generations, and as the population grew these opposing sides became so numerous that often men were slain who had originating offender and were them- selves quite innocent of any partici- pation. To be a Hatfield or a McCoy {or any “kin” of them was to be mark- ed for possible violent death. Of course, ithis condition could not continue in- definitely, and of late years the old feuds have been dying out. But now and then they are revived and some- times a bit of sheer “cussedness” is laid to a boiling up of old feud blood and in the neighborhood is condoned on that score. i “Devil Anse” Hatfield lived to die in bed. This was a remarkable de- iparture from the record of his turbu- lent family, and it is now the hope of all the neighbors, of the region once drenched in the blood of this family and its feud enemy that his peaceful end and the reconciliation of his hos- tile sons mean that the day of private Justice in the mountains is past. Royal Visits to America. King Christian of Denmark, it-is an- nounced, may visit the United States {during the coming summer, accom- panied by the queen and the princess royal. This will be a happy occasion. purpose and it should be granted With- {-phese visits from the heads of Euro- out reference to the abandonment of the general plan of an inauguration along the customary lines. Indeed, it is to be hoped that there will be a large attendance here March 4 from other parts of the country. A visit to ‘Washington, especially on such an oc- pean states are promotive of the best of feelings and, what is more im- portant, the clearest understanding between the peoples and governments. The United States is so far from Eu- rope and barred from it by such a great stretch of water that it is no casion, is a stimulus to patriotism.:jjgnt undertaking for a ruler, whether One of the chief reasons for regretting | the change in the program was the fear that there would be fewer who would seize the occasion of inaugura- tion to make what might be their only Jjourney to the capital. As the ceremony is now arranged the retiring and incoming Presidents will go by motor to the Capitol, prob- ably escorted by a guard of honor. The Vice President will take the oath of office in the Senate chamber and then the members of Congress and others, who by their position are en- titled to a special invitation, will pro- ceed to the east portico of the build- ing and there, perhaps on a small stand, Mr. Harding will take the oath of office and will deliver his inaugural address. Then he will return to the ‘White House by the traditional route, probably with the same escort as on the eastward trip. There will be no long inaugural parade. The proceed- ings will be in themselvés just as in- teresting as though there were more pomp and a larger number of escort- | journey. elective or dynastic, to make the It is not like going, for ex- ample, from London to Paris, or from Brussels to Rome, or Stockholm to Madrid. But apparently the difficulties are less considered than formerly. Un- fortunately, the President of the Ul ed States is by tradition barred from {leaving the soil of this country during his term of office, although President Wilson in the emergency of peace making departed from that limitation in 1919. In all likelihood American Presidents will never be able in per- son to repay these visits, although |they are always officially present at the foreign capitals through the Amer- ican ministers and ambassadors. A foreign ruler who has made the Amer- ican tour has gained a better impres- sion of this country, its people and its resources than he could possibly se- cure through reports from the most observant of representatives. ———— Society people in New York held a ing troops and civilian organizations, | Prizefight for the relief of devastated The chief point of interest on an In.| France. The demoralization of one auguration day is the person of the|COUDrY for the relief of distress new President. To see and greet him [2broad is a strange experiment. The a multitude will be on the streets|ODject is so worthy that the result March 4, even if the ceremonies are |SUSht could have been attained with- brief, and even if the parade attend- |OUt &n appeal to taste on its lowest ing him is short. Probably every avail- |level- able foot of space in front of the east portico and along Pennsylvania ave- ——eem—— Ludendorff is quoted as expressing nue to the White House will be filled. {regret that “the cultured nations are In one sense the proceedings will gain not agreed.” Had history taken the in impressiveness through the con-|direction he favored he would now be of interest. The misfortune of the situation chiefly is that no special provision can be made for the comfort and conven- ience of those who come from out of town for the occasion. There will be no stands from which to view the presidential progreas and all who come must take their chances in the streets and on the plaza with the Washing- tonians themselves, who will, of course, be present in great numbers, inasmuch as, though they have no part in the election of a President, it is still their privilege to greet him when he takes the oath of office. ——— Italian statesmanship is now enjoy- ing a period of comparative calm, that enables it to brace itself for the ap- of D’Annunzio’s book. —_——— ‘The formalities of King Constan- tine's position have not yet gone far enough to qualify him as an indorser of a Greek promissory note. ———e——— It might have been all right for the [na\'al balloonists to indulge in fisti- claim would be fixed and method of |Cuffs if they had done so under 5th its payment determined. But the pro-|2Venue patronage. poeal failed to satisfy the French peo- ple or to meet the approval of their representatives in parliament, so the friends of France can only look on " | centration upon the particular object |referring to them as “the kultured na- tions.” ! ‘The Secretary of War is expected to be familiar with parliamentary as well as military tactics. l ‘The season for resignation rumors has been exceedingly long and pro- ductive. } SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Mr. January. Mr. January, won't you put on your skates? A little way out yonder past the sunshine gates April is a watchin’ with a springtime song. Slip along, January, slip along! Mr. January, won’t you go for a ride? Never mind the skidding if it helps you slide. You wished us Happy New Year, but you're in all wrong. Slip along, January, slip along! Costume, “You have changed your plans about ———— ‘There is much inclination to extend{a costume for the inaugural fes- thing that looks like & government in and wish her well as she seeks a more | Russia. acceptable solution. —_——— Lenin is suspected of using “soviet” Canadian grain is being studied by |as an alias for one of the tightest little United States economists with refer-|autocracies the world has produced. ence to its coming across the border either in solid form or after a process of liquefaction. ————e—moe—— A Bolshevik Bee Swarm. A dispatch from Copenhagen says that Lenin and Trotsky, infuriated by the expulsion of their agent Martens from the United States, are planning | The Passing of Feudism. ‘When “Devil Anse” had been long at variance their enmity. | Hatfleld was laid to rest in the ‘mountains of West| His system felt a chilling shock Virginia Sunday two of his sons who every possible encouragement to any- | tivities.” “Yes,” replied Miss Cayenne. “I have omitted the dancing slippers, but {1 have retained the overshoes.” “A good loser,” said Cactus Joe, “is a man who doesn’t care to add to his losses by wasting time on unavailing sympathy.” A Financier’s Experiment. ‘That troubled his repose. Joined| He put some water in the stock, hands over his bier and foreswore One of them then called upon the old preacher and asked # campaign of revenge against this|for a baptism and on recelving a And then the water froze. Mostly Fancy. “Do you still put your faith in the country. They are to send here a|promise he declared that he was done wisdom of the plain people?” swarm of soviet agents, whom are now at the Danish capital ready for a chance to get across. They have plenty of money, some of them boasting that each has & quarter of a milllon of rubles in gold in his pos- seasion. Not to make light of this possibility of a bolshevik invasion by stealth and an effort to propagate the soviet idea in this country, it may be sug- gested that perhaps the importation of Russian rubles would not be alto- gether harmful. Unless these red emis- aries are soee -than -usually, many of | with fighting, that in his heart there no longer rankled malice, and if any | “But after observing the prevalence of man sought his life blood he would|jazzical enjoyment, I am beginning to not resist. This is accepted as mark- |suspect that nobody wants to be con- “Yes,” replied Senator Sorghum. ing the end of the famous Hatfleld|gsidered plain.” feuds. Time only can tell whether the presage will stand verified. These mountain feuds of the Alle- Pecuniary Instinct. “When I was a boy,” sald Mr. Cas- ghenies are relics of an old frontier {slus Chex, “I wanted to be a clown condition. times. ‘They are anacronistic, al-|in a circus.” together out of keeping with the In the old days, when the|“vou were guessing close. Of course, pioneer was bewing his way and mak-|motion pictures hadn’t been developed ing his home he had to go about with |té a degree that indicated the fortune ihe-czook of bis arm. Every | to-be.madeasan acrobat in thefllma® “Well,” replied Mr. 4 only a remote connection with the| Dustin Stax, |POLITI | Mr. Coolidge’s Period of Rest. The Hon. Calvin Coolidge is at pres- ent in a very comfortable position. Mr. Harding is wrestling with a cabinet problem and other problems. His days and parts of his nights are given to visiting statesmen with suggestions about how to save the country. Men ‘who have been mentioned for cabinet places are wondering how much the ! mention will prove to be worth. Men who will serve in the next Cungress are anxious about the questions that will come before that body. But Mr. Coolidge is, and for two months at least will remain, fo'.t loose and carefree. His term a#® Gov- ernor of Massachusetts has €xpired, while that of Vice President:of the United States will not begin until iMarch 4. For two months, thorefore, he may, if he chooses, “loaf, an.i invite his soul.” R For the duties of his new plice Mr. Coolidge is already prepared. He has had training as a presiding officor over |a legislative assembly in the lieuten- ant governorship at home. So that he knows the parliamentary rophs, and will be ready to take up the-Senate gavel here when the time cofnes. His role as an adviser to th¢ Presi- dent—sitting with the cabinét, and participating in cabinet deliberations —will be new, but he will easi'y mas- ter it. His experience in public busi- ness has given him an insight into jgovernmental processes, and he has only to apply his knowledge .to na- tional affairs. A two-month rest: will brace Mr. Coolidge for the siege that awaits him jhere. When the new Congress begins iits grind, it will enter upon what promises to be a protracted session— one extending through the summer at least, and not unlikely till thé snow flies. Mr. Bryan and His Friends. A venerable lady in Illinois—a cousin, it is mentioned, of Willlam J. Bryan—has just passed the century mark. The politicians would do well to note this. There is longevity in the stock. Mr. Bryan, who has turned sixty, is quite a boy in years by comparison with this relative. ! And not only a boy, but & very active boy, and, as some mairtain, a very mischievous boy. He has.a way of appearing and disappearing; of up- setting the calculations of othérs and insisting on calculations of his own, quite disconcerting. And time does not cure him of the habit. He upsets calculations as joy- ously today as a quarter century ago, when he took the platform at the democratic national convention and disarranged everything the Cleveland wing of the party had in hand there. |of his talent and disposition ap- proaches. The men most urgant for the reorganization of the democratic party are anti-Bryan. Their calcula- tion is that he will appear at the next national convention with a platform, and maybe a boom, and essay to con- trol the proceedings. So they want to get into action early, and if pos- sible forestall him. ‘Will Mr. Bryan upset this calcula- tion? His friends are closely follow- ing all developments. They are an- nouncing no plan of their own.. They have put forward no candidate for the succession when Chairman White of the democratic national committee retires. But their eyes are pee'ed for every mové that either the Cok men or the McAdoo men make, being well aware that their favorite has nothing but opposition to expect from either of those quarters. —mem——— Uncle Jerry Rusk. In this day of cabinet making and cabinet gossip Uncle Jerry Rusk:s cab- inet experience comes to mind.! Uncle Jerry and Gen. Garfield had served in Congress together and were warm friends. So when Gen. Garfield was elected President he thought of Uncle Jerry for a cabinet plaie—in fact, put him on the list, and :Uncle Jerry was in Washington awaitiig the appointment. At the last mdment, however, there was a change of plan, and Uncle Jerry was dropped. Calling a mutual friend to his side Gen. Gar- field said: “Go to Jerry and teill him I'm sorry; to be patient, and I'fl give him something that’s handsome Said uncle, upon receiving thc’ mes- |sage: “Go to Jim and tell ‘him:to go to hades. He can't give me an¥thing. I'm going home and run for Go¥ernor of Wisconsin.” He was elected, and became a great power in polizics in ithe northwest. H Eight years later when Genl. Har- rison was forming his cabinet he ap- pointed Uncle Jerry Secretary ¢f Agri- culture. The appointment wns well received by the country, and Uncle Jerry most cordially received by his cabinet associates. He became the life of the circle, spicing the meetinks with anecdotes and quaint sayings after the Lincolnian fashion. L] Mr. Blaine had a bit of “jolly!* in his nature, and he and Uncle Jerry—the best of friends—would now and then at cabinet meetings exchang: quips across the table. One day Mr.:Blaine, looking at Uncle Jerry, referred to “the tail of the administratioh,” and ot a rise out of his friend imrediate- ly. “Come, come!” said Uncle Jerry. “No levity! If you are reading the newspapers you can see that this ed- ministration needs a tail to keep the flies off.” This brought the meeting to a hilarious close, President Harrfson and Mr. Blaine leading in the enjoyment. ————————— e Fears of a loss of American pres- tige in European eyes are tempered by the fact that the American philan- thropy is held in unmistakable popu- lar esteem in many sectionz of the map. ————— Robert Lansing agrees with Col. Bryan far enough to believe that resig- nation from the secretaryship of state does not necessarily doom a man to perpetual silence. ——e—————— In some branches of the government Another opportunity for the dhplny' if D. C. Schools Are to Give Full Possible Benefits. OWING seeds for a democratic citizenship by providing op- Portunity for a child to work and play with his fellows freely and natarally is the primal 8cope of the work of the kinder- gartens in the public schools. Therefore, progressive edudators of today are emphasizing more strongly than ever before the ne- cessity of opening a kindergarten class in every schoolhouse. In Washington there are a num- ber of schools without kinder- gartens, but such a condition will be eliminated as soon as building accommodations are provided to relieve the present overcrowded classrooms, according to Supt. Frank W. Ballou. The value of a kindergarten ‘class to a school is Summarized by the superintendent briefly in the following statement: “Until there is a kindergarten underlying every first grade it will be impossible to utilize ade- quately the knowledge and skill gained in the kindergarten. There should be no greater gap between the kindergarten and the first grade than between the first grade and the second.” * ok % ¥ Other school officials hold vir- tually the same views on this Subject. But they point out that steps to institute such classes in every one of the District’s schools cannot be taken until the proposed building program is carried out. The schools in which there are no kindergartens are in various sections of the city. In fact, in nearly every one of the thirteen divisions there are one or more buildings without a kindergarten class. They are Force, in the first division; Woodburn, third division; Abbot and Blake, fifth division; Benning, Blow, Hayes, Kenilworth, Ludlow and Pierce, sixth division; Bradley and Greenleaf, eighth di- vision, and the Lenox, Orr, Randle Highlands, Stanton and Van Bu- ren, in the ninth division. ‘The kindergarten, Supt. Ballou indicated, has been an integral part ‘of the Washington school system for over twenty years. With a kindergarten class in every school, the superintendent believes there would be less retardation in the primary grades. The whole enrollment of white the United States, new era of world Business men of catapulted into a trade, find them- Measured by the selves in some- thing the same Weakest Part. ;osition as the fa- mous deacon and his “wonderful one- horse shay.” which was nowhere stronger than its weakest part. World events have made the United States the one nation to furnish all the world with commodities of all sorts. The consular service of the State Department is furnishing re- ports on trade and economic condi- tions throughout the world. The en- tire bureau of foreign and domestic commerce, with an appropriation of about $900,000, is engaged in promo- tion and development of foreign trade with commercial attaches and trade investigators in all parts of the world. The federal trade commission is ac- unfair competition aboad. Special legislation has authorized co-opera- tive organizations for the promo- tion of export trade. The business men of this country have the raw materfals, factories keyed-up to maximum production, the people to run these factories, the mar- ket abroad, and the American mer- chant marine to carry their products |overseas. They have a great co-oper: ive organization —the Chambo Commerce of the United States. of *.' But the business men, especially the manufacturers, are finding that the Permanency of their Trade Marks foreign trade, resting = on uniform guaran- Essential. teea quality of the American products, is dependent on registration of their trade marks in the foreign markets. Pre-requisite to foreign registration is registration in this country and registration here is delayed almost intolerably. The U. S. patent office, which is the one self supporting branch of the government, and which annually turns in a sur- plus to the national Treasury, is han- dicapped in the registration of these trade marks by an absolutely inade- quate force of competent examiners. Business men are finding out that all the millions spent in making foreign trade of the United States possible, and in developing it, are really not doing their expected work through failure to expend a few hundred thousand dollars to make the trade mark registration division of the pat- ent office attain maximum efliciency. They are now stating this situation to Congress in an effort to have the Nolan bill passed. ‘When the United States jumped into ' I s 1 5 | l ONE-HORSE SHAY TRADE MORAL pupils in the schools by grades for the school year ending June 30, 1919, according to the super- intendent, shows that a percent- age for the kindergarten is much larger than that of the high schools. The relative number of pupils in the grades, he said, gives a total for the kindergarten al- most equal to the academic high schools and far exceeding the total of the Business High School and the manual training schools. Miss Catherine Watkins, director of kindergartens, also is of the opinion that-if it were possible under existihg conditions to place a kindergarten in every school, there would be no break in the Is Washington undergoing a change in climate? While the scientists say not, there are many people who secretly feel that weather conditions in the Na- tional Capital are undergoing a real change. For confirmation they point to the present winter, which has been such in name only until the past week. when touches of snow and steet made the weather resemhle what Washing- ton had come to expect at this sea- zon. Out at the weather bureau they say that “sun spots” have nothing at all to do with the weather, and do not seem inclined to believe that winter is no longer winter, or summer no long- er summer, or that spring and au- tumn_have become displaced. It is scarcely fair to blame the Weather on the war, that having passed out of style about two years ago. on a historic November day. But that autumn weather can e: tend right up through Christmas is 0 unusual for this latitude that many feel as if the whole weather dispensa- tion is undergoing some change. Perhaps some day Washington will continuity of the child’s school experience. “Although it is impossible at Ppresent to build systematically on the kindergarten foundation, be- cause of the limited number of kindergartens,” she said, “the most cordial relations exist be- tween the two departments. Fre- quently the kindergarten and the primary children play games to- gether; kindergarten children pro- moted to the first grade return te the kindergarten to read to the teachers and children, while kin- dergarten children visit the first grade to tell a favorite story or to sing a favorite song.” * * x % Relating the work of the kinder- gartens, Miss Imogene Wormley, assistant director of kindergar- tens, says that “we have aimed to lead the child to a clever appre- ciation of the achievements of man and to inspire in him a keen desire to do his part toward making the world better and hap- pier. We have aimed to have him feel his true relationship to God and nature as well as mankind. “What a child sees, hears and does reacts upon his selective in- terest, determines the character of his desires and action; in fact, colors his whole life. Knowing this, we have sought to surround him, as far as possible, with high ideals, wholesome examples and the best literature and art. To do this we have used suitable music, games, conversations, stories, poems, pictures and dramatiza- tions.” world trade, -or better, when world trade was thrust upon the United States, the manufacturers of this country were quiescent on the mat- ter of trade-mark registration. They found when they went into foreign countries that some of their best brands already were registered there by other people; that they were vic- tims of trade-mark piracy. This of itself has stimylated interest in regis- tration of trade marks. As a result the work of the examiners has in- creased tremendously. From 396 ap- plications for trade marks in Novem- ber. 71418, the number jumped to 1,600 in March, 1920, There were 551 re- ceived in the first week of January, with the prospect that the number of applications this month will total well over 2,000. Whilp the work for the examiners has been multiplied by four, the in- crease in examiners has been from twenty-three to forty-one. This di- vision Is housed in ten rooms, with old, broken-down furniture. The lead- ing business men of the country seek- ing e marks have to' make their tive to protect American traders from application in what most of them would hesitate to use for a storeroom. The storage of specimens alone oc- cupies much of this space. For ex- ample two rooms are given over to the “Words and Symbols Digest.” ‘This is a library in which every word trade mark is arranged according to alphabetical position. The symbols digest takes care of the marks which do not involve words and the ar- rangement is according to geometri- cal figures. a landscape, an animal, a flower, an article manufactured or a system of notation. * * ¥ There are now registered more than 140,000 trade marks. The exam- ining force is How the Force Is seriously handi- s capped, not only Handicapped. i, numbers and salaries, but also in crowded condi- tions. Only one room is devoted en- tirely to the examiners. Two of the examiners have to occupy one of the public search rooms and the other examiners are in rooms with the cleri- cal force, all of which tends to con- fusion. - The one room devoted to the examiners is about twenty feet square and accommodates eleven persons, be- sides the walls being lined with copies of the trade marks on which they work. Besides this, instead of being de- voted entirely. to trade marks inves- igations and registration, - this divi- sion has to handle all appiications for registration of prints and labels, which are entirely distinct from trade marks, and are, in fact, a form of copyright provided for in the act of 1874. In ad- ditlon to this, all applications for de- sign patents, with attendant records, are also housed in the same congest- ed quarters, WILL P. KENNEDY. A Catechism of the Constitution BY HENRY LITCHFIELD WEST. Issued by the National Security League. (Copyright, 1919.) In Twelve Lessons—No. 2. Question—How is the government di- vided by the Constitution? Answer—Into three departments—leg- islative, executive and judicial. Q.—What part of the Constitution deals with the legislative department? A.—Article I Q—What is the legislative depart- iment of the government under the Con- stitution? A.—The Senate and House of Repre- sentatives, known as the Congress. Q.—How often s the House of Repre- sentatives elected? A.—Once every two years. Q.—Who elects the representatives? A.—The people. Q—How is the number of representa- tives determined? A.—The Constitution provides that the number of representatives “shall not exceed one for every 30,000,” and that the ratio shall be changed after each decennial census. We now have one representatives for each 210,000. Q.—What is the qualification for = representative. A.—*“No person shall be a representa- attained to the Ative who shall not have #* age of twenty-five years and been seven years a citizen of the United States, and who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of that state in which he shall be chosen. Q.—Who presides over the House. A.—A speaker chosen by th bers of the House. e Q.—What' is the difference between the terms of a scnator and a represent- ative? A—The term of a senator is for six years, and each state is entitled to two senators. The term of a representative is for two years. * Q.—How are the senators chosen? A.—By an amendment to the Consti- tution, effective May 31, 1813, United States senators are by di popular - vote. . Formi chosen by state legiaiatures. Q.~What are the qualifications neces- sary for a senator? A.—*“No person shall be a senator whi shail ot have attained the age of thirty Years and been nine years a citisen of the United States, and who shall not. when elected, be an inhabitant of that state for which he shall be chosen.’” Q—Who presides over the Senate? A—The Vice President of the United Statés, but he has no vote except in case'of & the. irect were have spring the whole year 'round. :;le(?m:here v:“l l’?c no nezd of action gress to change: the in- auguration. ATy * * *x If there is anything in modern thought which is supposed to be hard to comprehend it is Einsteins theory of relativity. Not ome in a hundred, perhaps, could tell you even what it is about, much less give any idea of. the content of it. “It has so and ‘rlorlaro':ettlt‘elna\fro of e true the average person would say. quent rendition by all sorts of per- nevertheless, abiding “Humoresqu place. * or Saint- it needs no apology Anyway, it makes a nifty little book chocolates should not accompany it. before a special meeting at his chury thought he would advertise the meet- ing to speak on, he replied: * % it, Saens’ “Swan, to read for an afternoon diversion——if A colored preacher recently thought for such members of his congregation ing. “I's goin’ to elaborate on Einstein.” A musician by the name of Lange Song,” which is today among the ered it hackneyed, on account of its secure ' and your mind has that turn—but a box of he would take up the Einstein theo 4 as were interested in the subject. He When asked as to what he was go- * many years ago wrote a “Flower world - classics. While some consid- persistence in favor, and its conse- formers, Dvorak's So it goes on year after year. being played by those who do not affect to disdain a melodious composition be- cause it is melodious, simple or “easy.” Recently a young man, whose musical knowledge evidently did not extend beyond the “jazz” stage, was present at a school entertainment. The “Flower Song” was being played, and most excellently, too. The young man turned to his companion and. in a loud voice, sald: “For heaven’s sake, they played 'that thing when I was in high school.” * * % Folks living in the vicinity of 18th street and Columbia road went so long without a postal station in their neighborhood that now Postmaster Chance has furnished one they scarce- 1y know how to act. A young woman walked into the station to get a postage stamp. Af- 1 fixing it to the letter, she walked out the door bearing the letter with her. Solemnly she carried the stamped letter half a block to the letter box on the corner, where she as solemply mailed the missive. "HARLES E. TRACEWELL. 'DIGEST OF FOREIGN PRESS THE STAR. Nowadays when the street cars of the city are overcrowded the power may give out and all Traction “Power” the cars are stall- ed. Half a cen- Overloaded. 1y ago te ity Street cars were occasionally halted as a result of overcrowding, but not from precisely the same cause. In The Star of January 9, 1871, is & news item as/ follows: “Yestarday Mr. Gutchel, president of the society for the prevention of cruelty to animais, arrested Willlam Eckstein, driver on the Washington and George- town street cars, for cruelty to his horses. He was taken before Justice Mills, who imposed a fine of $5 and costs. Two others, said to be impli- cated, made their escape. Mr. Gatchel procured warrants for their arrest today He was busy at work all day and during the evening. Seven arrests were made. In each case the overloaded cars were emptied, and at one time, about o'clock, he had nine cars backed up be- - tween 7th and Sth streets, refusing tof allow them to proceed with such heavy loads. The conductor and driver of car No. 3 were arrested about 8 o'clock, near 10th street, and the car, with passen- gers, was kept there. much to the dis- satisfaction of the inmates. The course pursued certainly causes great tempo-. rary inconvenience to passengers, but if it only forces the company to provide such accommodations for the people as will prevent the outrageous packing of the street cars at all hours it will be a public benefit. In one case Mr. Gatchel himself paid the fine imposed on the driver, stating that his object only was in making the arrest to set the ball in motion and show that they had power, to stop the cars and relieve them when- ever they are overioaded.” » * % Fifty years ago the women of the United States were beginning to ask, in insistent terms, for ‘Women Demand the right to vote. Suff ight, TheY besan the Tage BI‘ “ practice of coming to Washington to hold conventions and to present their arguments before con- - gressional committees. January 11, 1871, according to The Star of that date, the House judiciary committee granted * hearing to a number of advocates of oman suftrage—then called “womens rights.”” Among those ‘who spoke in behalf of the claim that the women of the country were actually enfranchised by the fourteenth and fifteenth amend- ments to the Constitution were Miss Susan B. Anthony, Mrs. Victoria C. Woodhull, Mrs. Beecher Hooker, Mrs. Paulina V. Davis, Miss Tennie C. Claflin and Mrs. Josephine S. Grifting. L * % Passengers from Washington for the west were unable up to the winter of 1871, to travel Through Route Without change of cars at Relay. The to the West. pajtimore & Ohio was the only route westward from this city, and the change was an awk- ward and inconvenient break in the journey. ' Fifty years ago, however, e ndition was improved, as in- dicated by the {ollowing in The Star ary 12, H oL ihe 5] & O. Rallroad Company have at last concluded to do what they should have done years and years ago, viz., to commence the carrying of passengers between Washington and the west without compelling them to make the unpleasant and unnecessary | change of cars at the Relay House | The first car will leave here for Cin- {cinnat’ on Sunday evening and g0 | through to that city direct via the Parkersburg branch. We are glad to be able to_add .that the celebrated Pullman palace car, of the excellence of which we have often had occasion to speak heretofore, is to bé used.” Our Navy as a Menace to Britain. “Our most dangerous rivals at sea,” to be immediately transformed into military forces, she is at the same time working hard at the organiza- declares the London Saturday Re-ition of her professional army. view (Tory), “are the United States and Japan. Both are building cap- ttal ships, it is said. Now it is barely conceivable that America and Japan “will ever ‘be allies in the Pacific; the contrary js. more prob- able. On the other hand,. Britain's Pacific interests are so distributed that, in the unfortunate event of war there, an alliance with America or Japan is almost certain. Again, with needs so great on her long western coast line, America cannot afford to guard adequately the eastern sea- board, though equally extended and vulnerable. Capital ships will cost America twice as much to build and equip as ours do. Even if she had The great shipbuilding was America’s principal war failure. For purposes of propaganda it was a succe: bu for producing seaworthy ships a complete failure and a costly one, too. The manning of the fleet was equally bad. America is less a ship- building rival than before the war. She can neither build ships nor run them sucessfully. These facts should influence us in viewing the United States Navy as a menace.” The Review then goes on to speak of Japan, admitting that the Japanese can both build ships and man them, but say- ing that the Japanese are imitators, and it was |free consent fo: “On the 15th of November the effec- tives of the reichswehr had been brought down to 150,000 men, the last stage before the definitive reduction to 100,000 men fixed by the treaty. “The German military commanders, while occupying themselves with this last reduction, bave a certain end in view—that is, the realization of a perfect army. inspiring themselves with the following principles: In or- der to Teplace quantity by quality they are trying to obtain in the in- |dividual the maximum of capability. and with this idea they are not _only developing his physical end military capacities, but also his intellectual and moral side. “In matters of discipline total sub- n remains an essential rule. the ships she could not man them.|ordination temails ST SQULeSiready pnt in practice by Noske, blind obe- dience is no longer required, only & unded on devotion to the chief. The latter in order to de- serve the confidence of his men must care for their welfare in every way. but never weaken his authority. “The.war has shown that the Ger- man soldier is a first-class fighter as long s he is obeying his chief, but as soon as he is reduced to his own Initia- tive he is utterly lost and very quick- ly in distress. The French soldier, on the contrary, gifted with the sense of initiative, showed frequently on the battlefield that he was able to get lacking in invention, which is the prime|pinqelf out of a difficulty. This is a requisite -for success in modern preparation. It concludes that “Japan would be better as a partner than as the player of a lone hand.” A rival weekly, the New Statesman, which is classified as belonging to the intellectual labor group, makes a more elaborate analysis of the naval situation. It speaks apropos of the controversy now raging as to the relative merits of capital and “auxiliary” ships, sub- marines, destroyers, light cruisers, etc., a controversy that is being waged with considerable heat in England. The New Statesman justly points out that in order to frame a naval pro- gram there must be a hypothesis as to the nature of the war that is to be pre- pared against, and specifically of the power or powers with which such a war is regarded as possible. The German navy is out of the question “and there is no other European state which could ever dream of challenging Great Britaln upon the sea.” The only possibilities are America and Japan. “Japan is too remote to be regarded as dangerous, and in any case her powers of construction- al competition are not considerable— though in discipline and Aenmx.nlmp-l her navy is, after the British, probably the most efficient afioat” So it must be granted that the “problem of naval: construction today is simply and exclu- sively a problem of preparation for a hypothetical war against Ameriea.” The New Statesman is “utterly in-| credulous” as to the likelihood of such a war, “the incredible ! possibility” i butlding battleships, destroyers and sub- , marines as fast as she can, while Britain ‘is building no battleships and few smaller craft. Thus in a few years America would have the bigger navy— on paper. But “it is probable, of course, that she can no more compete with Great Britain in the all-important mat- ters of seamanship and manning nnnl she can in shipbuilding. These things| take gemerations, and we imagine that, any naval commander would cheerfully face a 30 per cent ml'!u'hl’ superiority of American warships. German Disarmament Problems. Forced by the treaty to reduce the numbers of her effectives, Germany is striving, according to an article in the Paris political weekly, Opinion, to bring the efficiency of the individ- ual soldier and of the military unit up to a maximum. The Opinion says: “While, under.cover of innumerable associations and institutions, Ger-. maintaini elements. meny is lesson which Germany owes to us. and she is trying to profit by it with her usual impartiality. With a view to this the soldier's military knowl- edge is to be increased as much as possible by talks, lessons on the map. etc.” The problem of reassimilating the “lost provinces” into France is & qaif- ficult one, and some of the principle obstacles are mentioned in an article in the Paris Figaro by an Alsatian: “Every one knows that the greatest obstacle to overcome is the question of language. We were all beginning to talk a little French when the great separation took place. The Germans did everything possible to do away with the French language in peace time and succeeded in reducing it con- siderably; during the war it became almost exterminated. But we wish to . learn it, and we will learn it. We shall not give up the privilege—very useful to France—of learning German quickly, thanks to our dialect. But ‘we shall have two languages, because that is our interest and our wish. If there are difficulties in the way of our learning the national language, we will overcome them, because we wish to. Listen to our children speaking. If the administration h ates or ~e- cedes, influenced by the moise that our German press is making. we sn7 know how to set them to rights. As to the apostles of the German lan- guage, which they call our mother tongue, Alsace does mot listen to them: it is not in Smlhur%" that they are lauded, but in Berlin. .?"l,t ‘would be much bgtier to l:‘o\ée us in peace. There are too many - tors IPt the bedside of Alsace. They will end by making her ill. The posi- war world has enough neurasthenics already. Alsace has no wish to add to the number. Here our health is ro- bust and our hearts sound. Uneasi- ness and discontent prevail? Just come some Sunday when the village is en fete, when the band is playing “Sambre-et-Meuse,” and the inhabit- ants are looking their best, well dressed and smiling, and the houses are ‘decorated witl garlands and French flags. Or come to one of our towns on a day when ¥Foch or Mille- rand, Gourlll‘ or Poincare are ex- Eaty . “At the risk of scandalizing a'l ‘well informed" o in ‘Navarre and Alsace, I can only state.that there a thing as & ‘happy Alsace’* ¥ ; ’ (S AT HOMB{More Kindergarten Classes Needed {EARD AND SEEN|FIFTY YEARS AGO IN, . ) \