Diario las Américas Newspaper, March 20, 1958, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people 5th YEAR THE AMERIBAS DAILY For a better understanding between the Americas @ 4 SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO ‘AGUIRRB' Vice President and Publisher Antonio Managing &. W. SMITR Vice President Vice President Editor 8. SMITH Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE and Manager Ruiz Rditor Publishea daily except Monday ~ Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Springs EDITORIAL DEMOCRATIC Fla. on February 8. 1950. SOLIDARITY At the famous Conference of Buenos Aires, in 1936, the delegates attending the meeting proclaimed the exist- ence of “a democratic solidarity in America’. It is con- venient to remember that on that occasion, outstanding figures of the continent met capital, representing their res at the illustrious Argentine pective governments, The existence of that democratic solidarity commits all the governments of the Hemisphere, which form the Inter American System, to practice and defend it. At least it is a supreme obligation of all the Governments which respect the political and moral values of democracy. They must act, both individually and collectively, as the ease may be, in defense of that democracy, which must be the essence of continental solidarity. Anti-democratie regimes selves with astonishing ease, are identified among them- and they engage un mutual services, with such a sense of union and coordination, mak- ing very difficult the struggle of the people against them. On the other hand, among democratic governments the same spirit of unity does not exist, even when they are really friendly among themselves. If all the democratic Governments of America engag- ed in coordinating better their efforts to defend the Pan- americanist ideals which have in democracy a solid strong- hold, the political fate of some of the peoples of our con- tinent would certainly be different. Without violating the norms regulating Inter Ameri- can co-existence in the light of conventions and resolutions, the governments that lend dignity to the regional system with their clean conduct could engage in cleansing con- tinental politics in all that which may be a negation of the destiny of America, which is freedom. The peoples who struggle for their ideals of freedom would feel more morally encouraged, and arbitrary govern- ments would feel, in one way or another, the weight of eontinental sanctions, even if only of a moral type. Spiritual forces of the countries of America should unite, as well as all the political resources of their demo- eratie governments, in a noble effort to raise the level of republicanism in our continent. In an effort of so much significance, the cause of freedom and the democratic order would flourish more vigorous, and would be able to stand up to the attacks of all their Re Kee enemies, Rive ot Latin American Finance and Trade N LATIN TRADE RELATIONS WITH THE EUROPEAN COMMOR MARKET STRASSBURG. (UP). — The six member nations of the European Common Market — France, West Germany, Belgium, Holland, Italy and Luxemburg — reported today they are workin on plans for closer relations with the Latin American countries. This announcement was made by the Council of Ministers of the group, and in an official ¢ommuni- qué it was reported that a draft} of the plan will be sent soon to} éach one of the Latin American countries. | The Ministers agreed to start conversations about the establish-| ment of said relations, notwith-| standing its negotiations about the! inclusion of their commercial} group into a free European trade! zone’ embracing all countries of} Western Europe, have not been) finished. The statement reads that “the| Ministers” Council has examined| in a special manner, the relations| between the group (free Europen| trade) and the Organization of La-| tin American States. “The members of the council emphasized the importance they give to these relations. “The countries of the group have not forgotten the support the La- tin American countries have given to them. They understand the role those countries plays among the free nations of the world. “The Council decided to send a memorandum, which is being written now, to each of the Latin American countries”. The Ministers also agree in a joint policy in connection with the next study of the treaty of its group for the organization of the general agreement of trade and tariffs, (GATT), with seat at Ge- Reva. Reports say some of the GATT’s Ministers have strongly criticized the “protectionist form” of the ¢ommon market. The six member nations of the Europen Common Market hope the Latin American. countries support them in the meeting the GATT will hold beginning April 14 next. The Ministers gathered in two groups. One of those groups, made up ews Reports trade and finance Ministers, acted as council of Ministers for the European Atomie Cooperation: Eu- ratom. CUBAN OPERATIONS UP 6 FOR U.S. SUGAR FIRM NEW YORK. (UP). — American Sugar Refining. Co. reported an increase in its Cuban operations enabled it to show a larger net income for 1957 despite lower do- mestic earnings. President W. F. Oliver said the Company’s two mills in Cuba were able to expand because of the lift- ing of government restrictions. Earnings for 1957 totaled $9,- 946,854, or $3.80 a common share, | compared with 9,885,784, or $3.76 a share in 1956, The outlook for 1958, Oliver said in the annual report, is for intense political situation in Cuba. He told stockholders the Com- pany’s Cuban properties are some- what distant from the troubled areas in that country, and “we believe our factories will be able to make and ship their 1958 raw sugar crops without undue dif- ficulty”. The Company’s deliveries of re- fined sugar amounted to 35,054,421 (100-pound) bags in 1957, a drop of 2,402,307 bags from 1956. ARGENTINA REJECTS BRITISH FIRM OFFER LONDON. (UP). — The Argen- tine Embassy stated today: ‘“Pu- blications have recently appeared in Argentine newspapers egarding substantial credit facilities for the purchase of material and products of the United Kingdom offered to Yacimientos Petroliferos fiscales by Mr. David Zetland of Beaicard, Geach Electrical and Associated nsustries (Cardiff) Ltd.) “The Argentine embassy wishes to make it known that the Argen- tine Government has decided to reject the offer, which they do not consider to be the country’s ad- vantage, as it is up to the com- panies which supply and export the material, without the need of intermediaries, to decide upon the credit facilities which they are willing to make in each case, with the approval of ‘competent au- thorities”. 4 of the Foreign Ministers, presided by Victor Larock from Belgium, discussed: the political problems of the group. . * The other group, made up of the Subscribe to the Americas Daily 5 Cents—Outside Metropolitan area, 10 cents. ——- = The Guatemalan Congress Asks President to Break Relations With Trujillo GUATEMALA, Mar. 19. (UP). — The National Congress has ap-| proved a resolution, recommend- ing to President Miguel Ydigoras Fuentes “immediate rupture of diplomatic relations with the Do- minican Government”. The resolution was approved during a stormy session in which accusations were made that the) Dominican Government —and Gen- eral Rafael L, Trujillo personal- ly— of having been the “intellec- tual author” of the assasination| of the late President Carlos Cas- tillo Armas. The resolution says: “The National Congress, in the| knowledge of interference in the | intertal affaits of Guatemala in} the part of the Government of the | Dominican Republic, through its| agents and the diplomatic mission Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ HONDURAS — The first Europ- ean men to see Honduras were the members of the fourth expedi- tion made by Christopher Colum- bus to the New World. From the Island of Guanaja, where they touched in August, 1502, they made out the mainland thirty miles away across the Caribbean, and forth- with set sail and anchored off Cape Honduras, named by Columbus Punta Cazinas. On August 17, in the name of the Spanish Crown, they took formal possession of the land, which they described as “verdant and beautiful, although low, and there were many pines, oaks, seven kinds of palms,” and also an “abundance of puma, deer, and gazelles.” They next sailed along the entire Caribbean coast of Honduras, as far as Cape Gra- cias a Dios (Thanks to God), which owes its name to the Great Ad- miral’s celebrated exclamation of thankfulness upon rounding up the point. Columbus’ discovery was follow- ed by the attempts at conquest of de Solis, Pinzon, Gil Gonzalez Da- vila, Cristobal de Olid, Francisco de las Casas, and the great Her- nan Cortés himself. Spanish rule was first established in Honduras under Hernando de Saavedra, whom Cortés had named Governor of the Port of Trujillo, close to Cape Honduras. After 1544, juris- diction over Honduras was in the hands of an “Audiencia” or tribu- nal set up briefly first in Gracias. then at Panama City, and finally permanently established at the ca-! pital of Guatemala. In April, 1579, the President of the Audiencia, Garcia de Valver- de, wrote a letter to the King of Spaifl, concerning “the good name and reputation of the silver mines of Honduras, and the little it is possible to do to exploit them.” However, he said, a commissioner was to be sent to look at the mines and be present at tests, so | as to decide what was the best that could be done. The Audien- cia later informed the King that | deposits near Tegucigalpa and else | where were indeed very rich, but | work in them was failing for lack of labor. In June, 1579, the Audiencia de- cided to establish in the settlement of Tegucigalpa an “Alcaldia Ma-| accredited in the country, interfer- ence which is felt in the political and social life of Guatemala, a conduct that obviously attempts a- gainst national dignity, resolves: “To recommend to the Executi- ve immediate rupture of diploma- tic relations with the Government of the Dominican Republic”. The resolution was supported by deputies of the National Demo- cratic Movement (MDN), the Chris- tian Democrats and the Revolution- aries, but was opposed by the sup- porters of Gen. Ydigi Fuen- tes, who has no majority support in Congress. During the session, they propos- ed only to recommend to the Exe- cutive to take measures to avoid all interference and to request the} Dominican Government to with- draw diplomatic immunity from the Secretary and the Military At- tache, Qnesimo Venezuela and Col. Abbes Garcia, respectively. They have been openly accused, as well as before the courts, of participa- tion in Castillo Armas’ assassina- tion, and at least in three other recent ‘murders. Deputies of MDN —the party of Castillo Armas— said there is “conclusive evidence” of the parti- cipation of Dominican diplomatic agents in the above mentioned assassinations and asked the Gov- ernment to dismiss the Dominican agents working for the Guatemalan police. Observers believe that Congress has put General Ydigoras Fuentes in an “embarrassing position”, forcing him to make a decision of} policy which is considered as/| “serious”. BRAZILIAN ELECTED T0 WORLD LABOR COMMITTEE GENEVA (UP)—Julio Augusto Barboza Carneiro, ex-Brazilian Ambassador, was elected President of the conference of the Textile Committee of the organization, which will be held from April 14-25, by the Board of Directors of the International Labor Organiza- tion. This is the first time a Brazilian presides one of the meetings of this industrial committee. Barboza Carneiro, representing his country in the Board of 40 members, was recommended by the U. S. delegate, J. Ernest Walkins, and Maximilian Saueborn, from Germany. BUFFALO, March 19. (UP). — Senator Alexander Wiley, of Wis- consin, demanded last night im- provement and modernizing of the policy of U.S. toward Latin Amer- ican countries. In an address to the Publishers Club of Byffalo, the Republican legislator declared that “Latin América is the greatest world po- tential”, and insisted the attitude of-this country toward those coun- tries must be revised to the extent to be that of a “twin brother” in- stead of an “elder brother”. When explaining of a program to modernize the Inter-American policy, Wiley said United States jmust create more solid basis for yor,” or mayoralty, and act con- firmed in 1587 by Philip II. The full name of the town at first was “Real de Minas de San Miguel de Tegucigalpa” — Tegucigalpa being | a word of Indian origin, the mean- | ing of which has been always in| dispute among scholars, and the | San Miguel possibly implying that the mines were first discovered on | Saint Michael’s Day, September 29. In a description of Tegucigalpa written in 1628, the Carmelite monk Fray Antonio Vasquez de Espinosa, says: “The rich silver-mining town of Tegucigalpa lies 16 Jeagues to | the east of the city of Comayagua. It built in the midst of great pine forests; its climate is springlike the whole year. It has abundance of wheat, native and Spanish. The city is bountifully supplied with cheap and delicious provisions. In its district there are many farms and ranches of cattle, sheep, hogs, mules and horses. It has a Parish church, a Franciscan convent, a hospital, and other churches and shrines.” On July 17, 1768, Charles III confirmed the title of “Villa” first confered by the President of the Audiencia, Alonso Fernandez He- redia, and the grateful town there- |: COLOMBIAN ARTISTS SHOW AT PAN AMERICAN UNION WASHINGTON. (UP) — The exhibition of the pictures of Co- lombian artists Enrique Grau and Guillermo Siliva, began'in the Pan American Union. : About 100 persons attended the inauguration of the exposition which will last one month, under the auspices of the Colombian Embassy, Grau, who has exhibited many of his works was instructor in the National Arts School of Bogota. Silva, residing in México, is re- nowned for his water and vitrialist painter, MOVIE STARS RETURN TO LOS ANGELES MEXICO CITY, — (UP). — Jo- after styled itself Villa de San Mi- guel de Tegucigalpa de Heredia. (Continued tomorrow) __ Spanish Version Page = seph Cotten, George Sanders and Debra Paget left for Los Angeles, after completing filming here of the benedict hogeaus production Brazilian Reds Advocate United Front Against U.S. Imperialism RIO DE JANEIRO. (UP). — The outlawed Communist Party advo- cated formation of a united front, in order to elect a “nationalist and democratic” Congress, opposed to “U. S. imperialism.” In a manifest published in the newspaper ‘“Imprensa Popular”, the reds say “the fundamental objective of the party in the Oc- tober elections is to elect candida- tes of the united front’, adding that it will consider “victory of popular candidates as our own”. The newspaper reveals that the decision to cooperate with other Brazilian parties was adopted at a secret meeting. In order to justify its radical departure from revolutionary tac- tics, the document says recent na- tional and international events justify the conclusion that “the socialist revolution” can be achiev- ed by peaceful means, without violent uprising and without blood- shed. It adds that the nationalist par- ties which deserve most the com- munist support are the Labor, So- cialist and Social Progressive par- ties. The first one was formed by the late President Getulio Vargas and is headed by Vice President Joao Goulart. In the “Declaration of Policy of the Brazilian Communist Party”, the manifest advocates friendly relations with all countries, non- interference in internal affairs of other countries and equality of all nations, and denounces “all war pacts, such as the concession at Fernando de Noronha”, In the economic field, trade with all nations, including the com- munist ones, nationalization of. oil, power, steel and strategic mate- rials industries, and abolishing MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., THURSDAY, MARCH 20, 1958 ! Member Inter American ‘Press Association For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMERO 217 Cuban Government: Parties Request Postponement of Elections Until October New Chief of Police Appointed to Replace Gen. Hernando Hernandez HAVANA, March 19, (UP). — The appointment of Brigadier Gen- eral Pilar Garcia as new Chief of Police, replacing General Hernan- do Hernandez, was officially an- nounced today. General Garcia was military com- mander in Matanzas. Meanwhile, the political parties forming the Government coalition, |' requested the Supreme Electoral Tribunal to postpone general elec- tions scheduled for June 1, until October 10. f The Electoral Tribunal will. meet again tomorrow to decide on the matter, because it considers that, in view of the transcendence of the proposal, delegates of all par- ties should consult with their re- spective leaders. The petition was submitted by Dr. Roberto Melero, delegate of the People’s Party, and later sup- ported by all the other parties forming the government coalition. It claims that there are about 300,- 000 youths who have not register- ed, and therfore registration should be opened again, so they can do SO. General Garcia, in assuming his new: post of Chief of Police, de- clared that his most fervent wishes were to create a climate of peace among all Cubans, according to in- structions from the President of the Republic, and that he hoped to have the cooperation of all mem- bers of the department, as his pre- decesor, Brigadier General Her- nandez, had. URRUTIA ASKS U. S. TO STOP ARMS TO BATISTA exchange privileges granted to foreign investors. THREE KILLED IN MEXICO IN COLLAPSE OF BUILDING MEXICO CITY. (UP)—Authori- ties said today that three persons were killed and 191 injured in the collapse Monday of the Fabrica Envases Aztlan paper converting plant, a subsidiary of W. R. Grace & Co., New York. Officials said the roof caved in apparently after movement of heavy machinery caused the walls to vibrate. U. S. Policy Toward Latin America Must Change, Senator Wiley States the Latin American industry, in- cluding mining. He said that when furnishing aid to underveloped countries, the United States “must have in mind the fact that much economic de- velopment is needed in more Latin American zones”. He emphasized, that “we. must be careful with commercial restric- tions affecting” Latin American products. 7 When referring to the subjects of liberty and dictatorship in the Latin American republics he said: “Above all, we must hope that there are pro-American govern- ments, governments friendly tous, because the existence of such friendships is of mutual interest. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief. “from the Earth to the Moon”. Many of the “Moon”, sequences of the picture were shot on the dry lake- bed of Texcoco near this capital. CENTRAL AMERICAN ECONOMIC UNION GUATEMALA, — Guatemala’s delegation to the Central Ameri- can economic union conference left for México City. The five-country meet is sponsored by the United Nations Latin American Economic Commission, Main subject of dis- cussion is the multilateral treaty for free trade among the isthmian republics, and economic union of the area, Economie union envi- sages creation of more “integrated industries”, which -would serve the area on.a preferential basis, U. 8, EDITORS VISIT GUATEMALA GUATEMALA, — A group of 67 U. S. editors are currently in Guatemala, visiting tourist attrac- tions in the highlands, This aft- WASHINGTON, March 19. (UP) Manuel Urrutia, Cuban judge ap- pointed by, rebel leader, Fidel Cas- tro, and other political groups as|~ candidate for provisional succes- sor of President Fulgencio Batista in case the Revolution. triumphs, said the Cuban people would re- joice in the suspension of U. S. armaments to Batista. Speaking to newsmen,’ Urrutia Said those arms are used to “mur- der the Cuban people” and not-for the defense of Democracy in the Western Hemisphere. Urrutia declared that Batista will’ fall as soon as United States cease. sending armaments to’ him, but he further added, that by all means, the Cuban people “are de- cided to oust him disregarding bloodshed”. * Urrutia said that Castrocnamed him to be provisional President of Cuba when Batista is ousted. be- cause he does’ not belong to any political. party, which js a. gua- rantee for the formation of an .im- partial provisional government while steps are taken for the pre- paration of free elections. Urrutia promised to be severe with those “wholesale killers of our youth” and said Batista and his followers will be tried in the same way the Nazi leaders were tried in Nurenberg after World War Il. Urrutia said he regrets that the United States continues its aid to Batista’s government, which “has caused tremendous resent- ment among the Cuban people, who traditionally have bee al- ways friendly to U.S.” Colombian Newsmen fo be Hosts fo IAPA Freedom of BOGOTA, March 19. (UP). — The Freedom of Press Committee of the Inter American Press As- sociation (IAPA) will begin next Sunday its first annual meeting of 1958. Deliberations will last for four days. Saturday, March 29, the second meeting of the Com- mittee, will be held in Jamaica, The meetings in Bogota will be held in the “Luis Angel Arango” library, in the Bank of the Repub- lic. Twenty of the thirty three members announced they will -at- tend the meetings, which will be presided by Jules Duboiis, Presi- dent of the Committee. Pedro G. Beltran, Editor of “La Prensa” of Lima, will be the first to attend as he announced the will be in Bogoté today. Charles S. Scripps, President of the Board of Scripps-Howard, newspaper chain in U.S., is expect- ed to attend, and probably Otilio Ulate, ex-President of Costa Rica; Agustin Edwards, from “El Mer- curio” of Santiago de Chile; Mons. José Maria Pellin, from “La Re- ligién” of Caracas, and David Mi- chel Torino, from “El Intransigen- te” of Salta, Argentina. The Go- vernment Military Junta is prepar- ing a special homage to the news- ernon they met President Ydigo- ras Fuentes during a press confer- ence in the National Palace. Mem- bers all of the National Editorial Association. : . OIL INCOME RISES GUATEMALA. — Government income from oil operations in the country amounted to $959,480 dur- ing 1957, it was announced last week by the Bureau of Mines and Hydrocarbons. The same source stated that the oil companies operating in Guatemala had spent during 1957 a total sum of Q.8,- 480,150. A AMERICAN SCHOOL | GUATEMALA. apr hse agreement signed by t len- cy of the Republic authorizes the American School of Guatemala to Press Committee men of the Continent meeting in Bogota. The Bank of the Repub- blic, the National Press Commit- tee and the Colombian newspapers are also preparing some other acts in their honor. Roberto Garcia Pefia, Editor of “El Tiempo”, and Fernando Gé- mez Martinez, Editor of “El Co- lombiano”, of Medellin, are the Colombian members of the Free- dom of Press Committee, of the TAPA, : Reports on Perén Trip Are Denied CIUDAD TRUJILLO. (UP). — Sources close to Juan D. Perén said the ex-Dictator has not left the Dominican Republic. Informants, who occupied high positions during Perén, regime, abstained to inform where Perén, who left the Jaragua Hotel, in which he lived, is now. (In Peronist sources in New York it was reported that the ex- Dictator is leaving the Dominican Republic for Europe, and that he has said ‘“gody-bye’” to many of his friends in New York). for its continuance of this valua- ble service, whereby textbooks, tests and. materials. for teaching have been developed for use in Public school system, and many public school teachers have receiv- ed special training. MEXICAN. TELEPHONE, - WORKERS TO STRIKE Be _MEXICO CITY. —(UP).— Jorge Ayala Ramirez, spokesman for the day the workers will go on strike at noon March 31 if their demands are not met by Teléfonos de Mé- a 40 percent wage increase. telephone workers union;, said .to- xico. The Union has asked for One -Year Since: Pelayo Cuervo's Death ‘Last Sunday, a group of prom- inent Cuban exiles..living im Miami got together. in. an act sponsored by the leaders. of the Orthodox Party, to commemo- rate the first anniversary of the death by assassination of Dr. Pelayo Cuervo: Navarro,’ whose life: was cut short by political passions, in circumstances and in a-way that will ‘never be con- demned enough. It is not. necessary te have party leanings, or to be an op- poser of the present dictatorial regime, nor it is even necessary to bea: Cuban, to: -condemn indignantly the assassination of the then President of the Oftho- dox Party, because it not only hurt human . sensitiveness with the death of, a human-being, but it shocked _all.Cuba and:all those ‘outside of. that. country. who new of. the political and. intel- lectual attributes of the vigor- ous .personality of the former legislator and outstanding civic leader, Dr.. Pelayo Cuervo Na- varro, The developments in the pe- litical order that in the last years have overshadowed Cuban existence, as a result of the strife going on between the peo-. ple and the Government, are most regrettable and invite to serious and grave meditation on their political and moral effects, which are indeed depressing to the spirit of any civilized person of democratic. sensibility.’ When we come to think that a man of Pelayo Cuervo’s importance could fall victim of political persecu- tion, in a crime which still goes unpunished by the Government, it is hard to maintain optimism high and to have the people’s confidence. In the face of such tragedy, friends and strangers mourn together and unite in the gener- ous purpose to rescue Cuba from the present state of chaos inte which it has been plunged by the obfuscation of those whose actions have made possible the existing hostile climate. . How costly, for, the Cuban people the temporary obscuration of- their. democracy! , Agramonte at the Universite. of Miami Gales of political passion. swept Dr. Roberto Agramonte Pichardo from: Cuban soil and deposited him here in Miami, where the eminent Cuban profes- : sor and sociologist of continen- © tal wide prestige spends his po- - litical. exile. In yesterday’s. edition of THE AMERICAS DAILY it.was said. that the distinguished intellec- tual will offer a series of con-. ferences on sociology at the Uni- versity of Miami, which really / means a high accomplishment for the young institution of learning, because Roberto Agra- monte is, in the cultural field, one of America’s positive values. ; It-is regrettable that the form- . er presidential candidate of the. Orthodox Party, in the: elections that were supposed to. he, held in 1952, hifs- been foreed to abandon his country due. to the absence of political freedom, but it. should be noted that such an unfortunate fact has made it possible; for the University of Miami fo offer from its tribune the “enlightened and orienting word of this outstanding profes- . 1 E) BANK EMPLOYES STRIK »: BUENOS AIRES (UP)—Argen-. tine banks nned today to re- open their doors after settling a 10-week-strike with some -65,000 empl ; The strikers agreed to oné-month’s pay and a pro1 operate for another 20 years as a] A Federal Concilliation Board link in the country’s school system} wi] hold a hearing on the case The scleol bas beet sae ae Sanh 25, ‘Teléfonos de México wage in for the 10 years as.an experi-|™# mental Sool for the Ministry of] Serves 95 per cent of the phone- ¥ union fe “The