Diario las Américas Newspaper, June 28, 1957, Page 12

cee osama en Inter - American News for English - Speaking people 4th YEAR A. SAN ROMAN President ANCISCO AGUIRRE vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor c. W. SMITR Vice President Fred M. Shaver Business Manager Ss. SMITE Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gomez Advt. & Cire. Mer. aE Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Sprmgs Fla.. on Febuary 8. 1956. ee ce FTE ce EDITORIAL ARGENTINE ELECTIONS WITHOUT STATE ST OF SIEGE It would have been politically immoral that the Argen- tine people, Assembly on July 28, would who will go to the polls to elect a Constituent have had to do so under the rule of State of Siege, or that the siege would have been lifted at the last ort as it happened recently in a Central American country, with ovty the spectacular end of giving the impression that the elections are being held with constitutional guarantees in full effect. The measure adopted by the Provisional Government of Argentina seems to be evidence of a desire to surround the last phase of the electoral process with the utmost of democratic sobriety, which justifies the hope that soon the great Argentine people will return to the normalcy of re- publican institutions. After the National Constituent Assembly is elected, they will have to elect President of the Republic, following constitutional reorganization of Public Power. The really democratic procedure would be, not that the Constituent Assembly should elect the new President, in a second degree election, with indirect popular vote, because there is always the danger that the present Govern- ment may exercise pressure happened almost every time on the Assembly, as it has in Latin America, with the result that the Chief Executive of the Provisional Govern- ment may be favored by the vote in the Assembly. Naturally, the same thing could happen with “prefa- bricated” elections, properly speaking, in the sense that ical gubernamental pressure will make victorious the pougered Srevisitsally oo regularly exercises the highest office in the nation. However, in Argentina’s present case, this possibility seems somewhat remote, because the country is too big and, specially, because a certain patriotic effort to direct the life of the a people by paths of demo- ivindication is apparent. ; Oe Esiiae, the ene will demonstrate before history the true purity of the intentions of the men who govern Argentina at present. As this moment it is opportune to comment about the lifting of the State of Siege that, for so many years has been enforced in that country, as a healthy measure which seems to be heading toward the initiation of political nor- maley in Argentina. New Investments in Latin America Depend on Domestic Markets Growth WASHINGTON, D. C. (PAU) — Increased investment of foreign \ private capital in Latin America will depend on the growth of dom- estic markets in the region, Jorge Mejia-Palacio, an Executive Direct- or of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, believes. as Departing from the traditional belief that the primary obstacles to foreign investment are the threat of expropriation, confisca- tion, discrimination and double tax- ation, Mejia-Palacio contends that “private capital is not frightened by danger when the speculative pro spects are substantial, as in the case of Middle Eastern oil, nor is it held back by taxation when there are flourishing markets.” In an article “Why an Economic Conference?” in the July issue of “Americas,” the monthly publica- tion of the Organization of Ameri- can States (OAS), the Colombian economist writes that the countries of Latin America will continue in-| definitely to attract foreign capital to exploit their minerals, raw ma- terials and food for the export trade but that “noncolonial” in- vestments, which contribute direct- ly to economic development, are conditioned by the size of internal markets. Pointing out that Brazil, Argen- tina and México receive a large volume of non-colonial private in- DR. E. S. GUZMAN, PERUVIAN SCIENTIST DIES IN CHICAGO CHICAGO, June 27 (UP)— Dr. E. S. Guzman Barron, 58, scientist born in Pert, who cooperated in the improvement of the atomic bomb, died last night a victim of cancer, During the last years he was dedicated to the study of radia- tion. Dr. Guzman wae born in Huari, Peri and was a graduate of the San Marcos University School of Medicine, Class of 1924. He also studied at Strasburg and Paris by government scholarships, From 19- 27 to 1930 he studied in this coun- try and in 1930 he was appointed Instructor in the Medical School of the Baltimore’s Johns Hopkins Hospital. Eater he entered the University of Chicago Medical Faculty and, in 1942, was appointed Associated Professor. He became a United States citizen in 1939 and during World War II, worked at the Uni- versity of Chicago’s Metalurgic La- boratory, when the development of the atomic bomb was being stud- ied. He is survived by his widow, Co- Ta and a son, Richard, who with the American Armed Forces in Europe. Also his mother and { six brothers survive him in Pert. is} their domestic market, Mejia-Pala- eo emphasizes that “to be attrac- other Latin American countries will have to accelerate the growth of markets, by themselves of joint- ly with neighboring countries.” Regional cooperation to stimul- ate internal economic development and create favorable conditions for increased private investment will be the major task facing the deleg- ate of the 21 American republics at the OAS’ Economie Conference which opens Aug. 15 in Buenos Aires, Mejia-Palacio fells. He deplored the lack of an “eco- | nomic instrument to compel mem- bers of the regional organization to help each other or even to prevent them from competing unfairly with each other, though they are com- mitted to such instruments in the | military and political spheres.” (An economic instrument, which will guide the International eco- nomic life of the member coun- | tries of the OAS, is even now be- ing prepared for the consideration of the Argentine meeting.) “The first Western Hemisphere Economic Conference must emu- |late the success that the military and political conferences have en- |jeyed. Otherwise the regional sy- |stem will be weakened at a time | when coliective security needs it most,” Mejia-Palacio concludes. Mejia-Palacio represents Brazil, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador and the Philippines on the International Bank. | Venezuela to Get | Huge Barges from U. S. Shipyards JEFFERSONVILLE, Ind. June 17 (UP)— The first barge of a | series of forty four vessels of that type, which will be constructed for the Maracaibo Marine Service (Ine.) of Venezuela, to be put into |service in Maracaibo’s oil wells, will | be launched on Thursday, June 20, at the Jeffersonville Boat and Ma- chine Company’s shipping yards. For delivery of these vessels a special method of placing a barge on top of another, which save time and space in the delivery trip, will be used. This system wil per- mit to transport three two barges units at the same time, while now it if only possible to transportt two each time. The company expects to have the first lot ready to be ship- ped to South America on July 10. The trip to Maracaibo will last 20 days. The system permits, besides, that a barge serves as ballast to the other, thus avoiding damages during the sea voyage, THE |industries. Indian boys attend rur- vestment because of the extent of | tive to foreign private capital the} MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA. FRIDAY, JUNE 28, 1957 ! Know th Neighbo By ANTONIO RUIZ PERU — Public education in Pert is under the Ministry of Edu- cation, and advisory functions are exercised by the National Council of Education, on which the Govern- ment, the Universities, and ele- | |mentary, secondary, technical and | commercial schools are represent- | ed. Free education is supplied by the Government on the elementary and secondary level. Over one mil- lion students attend elementary schools in the country. A great number of private schools operate | in Pert, and some of them, under | | government regulations, hold their | asses exclusively in English, | French, German or Italian. San Marcos University, the most important institution of higher learning in the country, has facul- ties of law, medicine, dentistry, pharmacy, chemistry, business, eco- nomics, journalism, administration, geology, geography, languages, edu- cation, arts, ete. The Law School re- quirements are similar to those in} U.S. universities with general cultu- | ral subjects considered essential to enter the Law School as well as | other professions, while preparat- | ory studies in biology, physics, | and mathematics are required to enter the School of Medicine. Another outstanding institution is the Catholic University of Pe- ru, which has schools of science, engineering, liberal arts, education, | journalism, political sciences, eco- nomics and business administration, and is specially famous for its ex- cellent Law School. There are also other institutions of higher learn- ing such as the National Agricult- ure School, and the National En- gineering School, considered one of the best engineering schools in the world. There are many vocational schools, as well as several special schools for the blind, the deaf and for persons handicapped in any other way. y t Special attention is given in Pe- rt to the development of scientific methods of agriculture and rural al school centers, where they re- ceive technical education, as well as cultural courses for intellectual development. There are also uni- versities in Cuzco, Trujillo and Arequipa, the latter one with very good schools of Medicine and Agri- | culture. Pert has a Military Academy, a Naval Academy and an Aviation Academy, where extensive train- ing is given to future officers of the armed forces of the country. There is also a very good Na- tional Police Academy, which trains police officers for the whole coun- try. In accordance with the vast health program of the Peruvian Government, training centers for nurses are found in many parts of the country. They also receive special training in Government Me- dical Centers, which have been es- tablished throughout the national territory. Peri is one of the few countries in the world where me- dical assistance can be obtained at any place and under any condi- tions, Hospitals, sanitariums, medic- jal colonies, first aid stations, etc., are scattered all through the three natural regions of Pert, which per- mits the National Health Bureau to be informed and act in time to control sickness of any kind. The Social Security Office for Employees, one of the most advanc- ed in Latin America, has built ex- cellent hospitals in different parts | of the country, and in special cen- ters they help in the training of | |personnel for these institutions. Spanish Version Page 3 Uruguay Interns Peronist Leaders. As Subversive MONTEVIDEO, June 27 (UP)— Fifteen Argentine refugees, includ ing eight members of ousted ex President Juan D, Perén’s “Coun- ter Revolutionary General Staff,” have been interned as subversive Plotters, it was announced today. Interior Minister Héctor Grauert and Federal Police Chief Alberto Mussio told the Presidential Coun- cil that Peronist refugees have been using Uruguay as a base for anti-Argentine activities. Captured documents indicated that Peronists in this country were organized as a “delegated com- mand,” operating under orders sent by the deposed Argentine dictator from his present home in Vene- zuela. The papers in the case included extensive correspondence between Pern and his lieutenants here. The internees include Col, Er- nesto D’Onofrio, Chief of the Counter-Revolutionary Staff; Pas- cual N. Preste, its civilian secret- ary; Horacio Aramboure, adminis- CITATION OF MERIT AWARD FOR GOVERNOR MUNOZ MARIN IN SPECIAL CEREMONY at a Miami Beach Hotel, Fernando Sierra Berdecia, Secretary of Labor of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, received in the name of Puerto Rican Governor Luis Mufioz Marin, the Citation of Merit Award of the International Association of Personnel in Employment Security, granted to the Commonwealth’s Chief Executive recently. In the photo, from left to right, are: Mr. Sierra Berdecia, Mr. Garnet Johnson, IAPES-President, and Mr. George Elleson, Citation Award Committee President. —(Photo AMERICAS DAILY, by Gort) t AMERICAS DAILY For a better understanding between the Americas Linking the BAHIA BLANCA, ARgentina, gentine commerce, industry and farming will open a four-day meet- ing here tomorrow to urge closing of the final gap in a new trans- continental railroad between Bahia cahuano, Chile, on the Pacific. The line already crosses the cattle pampas and the new oil fields in the Neuquén area to Zapa- la, at the foot of the Argentine Cuban Academy Honors Artists MADRID, June 27 (UP)— The ceremony of delivery of Diplomas as Academics of the National of Arts and Letters of Havana to writ- er José Maria Peman; to the emin- ent pianist José Cubiles; to writ- ers Alberto Instia, Antonio Oliver Pelmas and Luis Felipe Lira Gi- ron, ex Minister of Bolivia and to painters Rafael Pellicer and Ra- mon Estalella, Counselor of the Cu- ban Embassy, was held at this Em- bassy main hall. The presentation was made by the Ambassador, Dr. José J. Remos, who delegated in the Vicepresident of the National of Havana, José Maria Chac6n, the delivery of the respective diplomas. Dr. Remos expressed, in a few warm words, the merits of those who will honor the Cuban Acade- my. The recipients of the homage ex- pressed their thanks. The act was celebrated with great solemnity, at- tended by men of letters, great number of ladies and an outstand- community here. A cocktail party was held after the ceremonies, WETBACK PROBLEMS IS NO LONGER AN ISSUE MEXICO CITY (UP) — The “wetback” problem is no longer a major issue in relations between the United States and México, an official of the Interior Ministry said. “The problem created for the Governments of México and the United States by the illegal emi- gration of Mexican braceros (sea- sonal workers) to work on Ameri- can farms, particularly in Texas, has ceased to exist,” said the Minis- try’s Executive Secretary, Gustavo Diaz Ordaz. He added that only a few months ago the repatriation of Mexican wetbacks by American authorities was in the hundreds, “This figure has been reduced to a dozen or so illegal workers who are returned through Juarez, and a small number through Laredo,” Diaz said. Referring to reports that Mexic- an braceros are lowering wage scales for farmhands in the Unit- ed States, the official said it is not true . “American farmers,” he said, “are required to pay minimum wa- ges. Those who hire braceros ille- gally are subject to heavy fines trative chief, and five “coordinat- ors,” and even jail sentences.” Diaz Ordaz said that so far this Argentine Leaders Meet to Discuss new Railroad June 27 (UP)— Leaders of Ar-| Blanca, on the Atlantic, and Tal-| great wheat and cereal belt of} Buenos Aires Province. The vast | \from Zapala, ing representation of the Cuban} two Oceans slopes of the Andes, On the Chilean side, the line was constructed several years ago and includes the longest railway tun- nel in Latin America, through the Lonquimay hills. It is nearly four | miles long, at an altitude of 3,000| feet. It is known as Las Raices | tunnel. Thus, the line iss virtually com- plete and working regularly, ex- cept for a short stretch from Cu- racautin, Chile, to the border, and Argentina, to the border. | The line would cross the Andes | at an altitude of only 5,250 feet, 8s against 9,600 feet in the Uspa- llata Pass through which the Transandine Railway crosses and 13,500 feet at Huayatiquina on the | Salta-Antofagasta line. Thus the new railway would never be blocked by snow and would be} open the year round. Both the Argentine and Chilean systems to be joined by the line | use the same broad gauge so that trains could run right through in both directions to the proposed free ports for each country and Bahia Blanca and Talcahuano, The new railway would serve a 40,000 square mile area with 1,- 700,000 inhabitants on the Chilean side and 400,000 square miles with 1,500,000 inhabitants on the Argen- tine side. Chilean exports to Brazil, South | and North Africa and Europe would move more easily on the new line, while Argentine would have an effective outlet to the Pa- cific for Northwest South America, Central America, Western United States, Australia and the Far East. Lumber, iron and steel products, coal, nitrate and cement would | form the bulk of Chilean exports while traffic from Argentina will | include chiefly live cattle, meat, | cereals, forage, and hides, HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief year some 120,000 legally-hired Me- xican braceros have gone to the| United States to work in American farms. It is expected that by the end of the year another 300,000 will have been employed, boosting the figure to 450,000 for the year. Figures show that most of the braceors that go to the United | States come from the states of San | Luis Potosi, Guanajuato, Queréta- ro, Michoacan, Guerrero, Jalisco, Puebla, Tlaxcala, Hidalgo and Mé- xico, It is estimated that more than 90 per cent of them return to México late in the year to harvest the corn and bean crops. THREE ROBBERS GOT AWAY WITH 2,000,000 PESOS BUENOS AIRES (UP)— Three highwaymen took 2,000,000 Pesos (about $100,000) assaulting Isidro Achicarro and Mario Motta on the road between the city and the Ezeiza Airport, where the victims were going to board a plane. The robbers, armed with guns, stopped the car in which Achuca- tro y Motta were riding, demanded delivery of two portfolios they were carrying and when they re- sisted to do so, bea them with the butt of the pistols. The attack- ers took the lot and fled. Unrest in Panama Caused by Delay in the Trial of Remon’s Killers PANAMA. — Until he crime of January 2, in which President Re- mon Cantera was treacherously as- sassinated, is solved, there will not be complete tranquility in the Pa- namanian community. The public is making all kinds of conpectures and there are some who believe that influential persons are the ones interested in-not holding the trial of Miré, the lawyer who confessed firing the shots which killed Re- mon, The trial was recently post- poned again until October, which has started a new wave of com- ments, On the other hand, with the ar- rival of foreign investigators to make unofficial statements, and with the statements of defense law- yers of some of the accused that they have evidence that the crime was not committed by one per- son as Miré declared, but by five, the events of the Racetrack are causing unrest once more among the citizens. While relatives of the victim publicly declare that they are the first ones to wish the trial of the accused be held soon, a loc- al newspaper announces it will print an extra edition with sensa- tional news about the death of Pre- sident Remon. Whether the Panamanian Presi- dent was killed by lawyer Miré, as he himself confessed but later re- tracted. or, as the defense lawyers claim now, the assassins were five, is the question to be answered in October, unless the newspaper “El Dia” reveals its secrets before that date in the extra edition it has an- nounced. waveled with great sums of money cue to his currency-exchange busi- ness toward Paso de los Libres, in the Brazilian Frontier. CHILEAN MUSICIAN IN CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES (UP)— Ramén Bignon, one of the three founders of the Chilean Philarmonic Orches- tra and a cellist, arrived here as the first Latin American visitor coming to the United States in ac- cordance with the program of In- ternational Friendship sponsored by President Eisenhower and | which is called cultural exchange program. Bignon was welcomed at the air- port by the world famous cellist Gregor Platigorsky, member of the Program’s Musical Committee. While here, Bignon will attend a Conference of Band: Leaders and the Asilomar Musical Festival, in California, which will last two weeks, MEXICO TO INCREASE SUGAR PRODUCTION MEXICO CITY (UP)— The union of sugar industry workers is studying a plan to increase México’s sugar production to 1,300,000 tons by next year, an increase of 300,- 000 over this year’s record output. Achucatro, in denouncing the robbery, told police that he often Secretary General José Maria | Martinez said this year’s crop great- New Armed HAVANA, June 27 (UP)— Re- liable sources said today that poli- tical opponents of the regime of President Fulgencio Batista are planning a new armed movement for the near future. It is evident that a bold stroke is in the making in Oriente Pro- |Vince, or in Havana, for two rea- sons: (1) To relieve the pressure the army has on the position of the Sierra Maestra rebels, and (2) to counteract the effect of the enorm- ous political conceatration being organized by the Government for jmext Sunday in Santiago de Cuba, | capital of Oriente Province. ; Government forees have been alerted against such contingency, and authorities are prepared to face any new revolutionary up- rising, even if it is of lesser im- portance, according to these sour- ces. The rebel forces under Fidel Cas- tro have been isolated from their normal sources of supply in Orien- te Province for the last two weeks, and everything seems to indicate that the “steel ring” of the army has placed the rebels in a defensive Position. These sources Say that what are needed now are some dis- tracting operations to relieve the Pressure of the army and give back to the rebels their initial tactical advantage. It is not believed that an uprising will take place in Santiago de’'Cuba proper due to the organization of the political concentration there; but observers say that the rebels plan a bold operation in some other spot in the Island “to steal press headlines” from the gubernament- al meeting. Their purpose is to maintain the general impression that Santiago de Cuba is the “re- bel stronghold,” and to rest im- portance to the act the Government intends to use to open its political campaign in the same territory in which the rebels seem to have more support. Meanwhile, the Government seems to have discarded its attitude of supposed indifference in regard to the activities of the Cuban exiles abroad. The highest government of- ficials have expressed in privacy, for a long time, their displeasure for the official indiference of the United States in regard to the plots against the Batista government, specially in Miami. Up to now, the Cuban Govern- Member Inter American Press Associ¢+ion e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 292, Movement is Expected in Cuba soon, Reports from Havana say ment has maintained the opinion that the United States attitude to- ward the exiles was only of in- terest for that country. However, President Batista himself dubbed |as “unbelievable” that the presence and the speech of Cuban ex Presi- dent Dr. Carlos Prfo Socarras, at an {exiles concentration held last Sun- day in that city of Florida State, was permitted. The Government of Dr. Prio Socarraés was overthrown by the coup d’etat headed by Ba- tista, on March 10th 1952. | Dr, Prio Socarras is enjoying the hospitality of the United States as a political exile on the basis of a promise he signed not to take part in political activities. The Ba- tista Government, however, consid- ers that the ex President violated his promise when, as main speaker of the political concentration of last Sunday, he asked for re-estab- lishment of a united front of all the revolutionary organizations to over throw a regime with which the U. S. Government maintains normal diplomatic relations. Press reports from Miami that U. S. Federal agencies are investi- gating recent activities of Dr. Prio Socarrds, in order to determine if they constitute a violation of his promise, were interpreted by the Cuban Government as an indica- tion that its viewpoints on the mat: ter are not unilateral. Local Government circles inter- pret the participation of Dr, Prio Socarrés in Sunday’s meeting, as indication that the ex President may be disposed to personally par- ticipate in a plot to overthrow Ba- tista’s regime. For quite a long time it is affirmed that the man who Batista overthrew in 1952, would head any last attempt to eject Cuba’s “strong man,” from the Presidency. The present efforts of the revolu- tionary elements abroad to provoke foreign intervention in Cuba’s in- ternal affairs was called in guber- namental circles a new “smoke cur- tain” to hide the beligerent plans of their political enemies. A gov- ernment leader in Congress, how- ever, called for enactment of a law to impose the death penalty for “traitorous” activities, including in its category any proposal that the Congress of the United States or the United Nations “investigate” the Cuban national situation. BUENOS AIRES, June 27 (UP) Tt was announced today that the Argentine Provisional Government has resolved to lift the state of siege and re-establish all political rights to numerous petty Peronists leaders, as a previous step in the celebration of national elections, to be held on the 28th of July mext. At a meeting of the military Cab- inet, presided by the provisional Chief Eexecutive, General Pedro Aramburu, held last night, it was resolved to lift the state of siege which has been in force, almost without interruption since 1943. Formal announcement will be is- sued, probably, this week. At the same time it was known ly surpassed the 1955 production of 935,000 tons and will permit México to fulfill all its domestic and foreign commitments. Martinez said the new plan for increased production calls for im- proved cultivation and refining techniques, modernization of su- gar mills and extension of bank credits to farmers for the purchase of equipment and fertilizers. The plan will be throughly dis- eussed during the general assem- bly of the union scheduled for July 10-11, Martinez said. €APTAIN THREATENED MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Me- xican captain of the yacht which carried revolutionary leader Fi- del Castro Ruz and his followers to Cuba last year said he has been receiving anonymous threats against his life. Ramén Emilio Mejia del Casti- ilo said he has received a number of letters, each with the identical these days.” MEXICAN PURCHASERS CIUDAD JUAREZ, México (UP) — Mexican frontier residents spend $5,000,000 yearly in U. S. border suggestion: “prepare to die one of towns, Ciudad Judérez Mayor René Max Mascaremas estimated today. Aramburu Government Returning Civil Rights to Numerous Peronist Leaders that the government intends to lift also the deprivation of political as- pirations imposed on a great num- ber of petty Peronists and labor leaders, although the desqualifica- tion will be maintained in force against ex Ministers, Provincial Governors and Ministers, National Legislators and outstanding mem- bers of the Confederacién General del Trabajo (Workers General Con- federation). The lifting of the state of siege, which has the active backing of the Minister of the Inerior, Carlos Alconadas, has been delayed by the leaders of national security, due to the recent wave of terrorists out- rages and the reports of the Intel- ligence Service about the subver- sive activities of the Peronists. About 180 persons are under ar- rest in accordance with the disposi- tions of the state of siege. Some of them will be release’ when the ex- traordinary powers granted by the state of siege, are cancelled. The majority, however, are indicted and waiting to be tried for specifie crimes and, probably, will remain jailed. PERON IS HONORARY PRESIDENT OF THE FREE PEOPLES LEAGUE ROME, June 27 (UP)— Juan D. Perén has accepted the hon- orary presidency of the so-called “Free Peoples League,” accord- ing to announcement made by Vicenzo Caputo, President of the Italian Nationalist Organization, rightist group sponsored by the League, Caputo said he had received the acceptance in a letter sent by Perén from Caracas. He added that the League pro- Poses to group together patriotic movements from all over the world “with the purpose of de- fending the principales of free- dom and independence of the peoples and to promote friend- ship and cooperation among all nations of the world.”