Diario las Américas Newspaper, June 18, 1957, Page 10

Inter - American News for English - Speaking people “4th YEAR e For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., TUESDAY, JUNE 18, 1957 G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Vice President. Editor and Manager Antonio Ruiz Fred M. Shaver Eliseo Riera-Gémez Managing Editor Business Manager Advt. & Cire. Mer. eer RN Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Sprmgs. Fla.. on Febtuary 8. 1956. ae see oer eT LOY EDITORIAL HARSH EXPERIENCE IN THE CASE OF GERMANY W. SMITH Cc. W. 8. SMITE Vice President Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Those who have the serious responsibility of directing | United States foreign policy should carefully study all the historic events which preceded the problem of Germany, brought by the division of that country, that is, when the | democratic powers, especially the United States, permitted | Russia to subjugate the eastern part of that European | nation. The German problem has. brought so many complica- tions to world peace, that it is necessary to make that study, not with the more or less unimportant purpose of recrimina- ting those guilty of the error, if it is proven it was an error, but to try to avoid in the future that the United States falls in that type of political ambush, acting with exaggera- ted spirit of tolerance with a power such as Russia. Everything seems to indicate that if the Washington Government had acted with speed and energy, German unity could have been maintained, without letting Russia assume an exaggerated intervention in the political and military affairs of the vanquished nation. During World War II the United States had to assume immense responsibilities, which it never had before, and therefore, it is logical that, for lack of experience, it made errors which go further than what normally corresponds to such situations. But the lesson should be made fully profitable, in order that what happened during the war and at the beginning of the post-war era, is not repeated again, at least regarding what may have been only a mistake due to the above mentioned lack of experience. Germany’s problem is so serious that, on several occasions, the world has been at the verge of a new war on it’s account and, while this problem is not solved in a | definite mantier, in accordance with the historical destiny of the German people, to which Russia is opposed, there will always be danger of great proportions in Central Europe. Of course, besides the study of the antecedents in the case, having as its objective to take advantage of the harsh lesson which the events have taught, a careful vigilance and political observation of everything related to the German problem should be maintained, so as to be in con- dition to take advantage, at the proper time, of any opportu- nity that may appear for adequate solution. GENERAL HORACIO AGUIRRE MUNOZ Today, the 18th of June, marks the first anniversary of the death of General Horacio Aguirre Mufoz, who was intimately linked with this newspaper, which received from his talent, his experience and his democratic and Panamericanist ideals all its encouragement and stimulus to carry on its mission of information and orientation. During these past twelve months his spirit has continued inspir- ing, from immortality, the march of this newspaper in its work prog- ram and its doctrinary devotion, a program which interprets the feelings of the directors of The Americas Publishing Company, which edits THE AMERICAS DAILY, and the feelings of everyone who, in our daily struggle, make this newspaper possible. All those who knew of the kindness of his heart; his crystal clear quality of conduct, both as a politician and a military man, in the dignified sense of these concepts; his noble way to understand and practice friendship and his vigorous christian morals, have remembered the oustanding Nicaraguan statesman, General Horacio Aguirre Mu- fioz, with affection and with admiration, during this first year of his eternal physical absence, which is not spiritual bécause, that which was his spirit, lives everlastingly in the memory of those who knew, esteemed and loved him. In many altars of American countries, where he sowed the noble seed of friendship, masses for the rest of his soul will be celebrated, | so the Lord will grant him always the light which will permit him to | enjoy the eternal vision of God. On the first anniversary of his death THE AMERICAS DAILY | renders renewed homage of admiration and respect to the illustrious memory of General Horacio Aguirre Mufioz, who, while in this world, | was a model as a husband, a father, a friend and a citizen. .......... May he, who always enjoyed the peace of a clear conscience, rest in peace. SPANISH FOR BEG LESSON XXXVI PRONUNCIATION To work Trabajar To know Conocer, saber To know how Saber I know Mr. B I know how to write _ I don’t know how to do it GUSTAR I like to work I don’t like that Mr. A. likes the lesson Do you like the lesson Mr A? Does Mr. A, like the~lesson? Do they like to study? Yo sé escribir No sé hacerlo Goos-tahr TO LIKE I like’ you I don’t. like you Usted no me gusti I like her [ don’t, like him { like them Me gustan ellos Does she like me? She does not like you They don’t like me Do you like to work, Mr. A? No, I don’t like it at all. Usted no le gusta Yo no les gusto a Sefior A, le gusta | ficult feat was a Portuguese sailor Yo conozco al sefior B No, no me gusta nada. now thy eighbor By ANTONI® RUIZ ARGENTINA — When the first Europeans arrived in what today is Argentina, this land, like the rest of Latin America, was inhabited by Indians, including the tribes of Tupi and Guarani, who migrated from the northeast into the Chaco and’ Mesopotamia regions; the Que- chuas of Pert, who as part of the Inca Empire had spread south- ward into the Argentine northwest before the Spanish conquest; the Abipones, Puelches and Pampas — warlike nomadic hunters of the central plains; the Araucanians, se- mi-nomadic hunters and fishers from Chile; and the aPtagonians (a word meaning “large feet”) who gave the name of Patagonia to the southern portion of the Continent. Although the total Indiam popu- Jation of Argentina probably never exceeded half-a-million, the more warlike tribes stoutly resisted the Spanish conquistadores; in cer- tain sections they continued to be a serious obstacle to the settlement and development of the country as late as 1880’s when the last of the warrior tribes were finally subdue. The indegenous population of pure Indians in Argentina is es- timated today in no more than 15,- 000. Descendants of the Quechuas dwell in .the northwestern high- lands adjoining Bolivia; remnants of the Guarani tribe are found in the northeast, while small numbers of Araucanians and Patagonians live in Western Patagonia. In the year 1516, Juan Diaz de Solis, on a voyage in search of a passage to the “western sea”, an- chored in a great estuary of the Atlantic later named Rio de la Pla- ta, and claimed the surrounding territory for the Spanish Crown. His explorations came to a tragic end when he was attacked and kill- ed by Indians, Then came the Portuguese Ferdinand de Magel- lan, who in 1520 discovered the strait which bears his name, and sailed into the Pacific. The third great explorer of the East Coast was Sebastian Cabot, who sailed up the Parana River, founded Fort Sancti Spiritus, and continued up the Paraguay River. Meanwhile, tales of the fabulous wealth of the Inca Empire, of the famed “silver mountain” of Poto- si, attracted expeditions of con- querors and adventurers down hoth the east and west coasts of South America. Those who came via the Atlantic and the Rio de la Plata sailed up the Parana, seeking to reach the Inca Empire by crossr ing the formidable jungles of the Chaco into Upper Pert, now Re- public of Bolivia. The first to accomplish this dif- who had survived Diaz de Solis ex- pedition. By joining a party of Guarani Indians bent on raiding the outposts of the Inca Empire, the sailor succeeded in crossing the treacherous Chaco and cnonfirm- ing the existence of the treasures. In the “gold rush” which followed, many lost their lives in the trek from the East Coast toward Boli- via and Pert. Meanwhile, by 1533, the Spaniards who sailed down the West Coast under Francisco Piza- rro had conquered the Incas and plundered their wealth. (Continues tomorrow) Spanish Version Page 3 INNERS RT } THE AME@PAS DA ILY Hemispheric Solidarity A RS Member Inter American Press Associc*ion e For Liberty, Culture and UMBER 283 MIAMI DELEGATION TO AMERICAS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE MEETING LEAVING FOR HAVANA, today as delegates from Miami to the Annual Meeting of the Chamber of Commerce of the Americas, which will begin in the Cuban Capital on Thursday, June 20, are seated from left to right: Miss Adele Freund, All America Cables; Joseph J. Orr, President, Chamber of Commerce of the Americas; Kermyt W. Callahan, President, Whithers Van Lines; standing from left to right, James M. Arroyo, Manager, Blanks Wrought Iron Co., and Frank Peterson, Vice President, Burdine’s Department Store. Seven Bomb Explosions Mark Terrorism During Week-end in Argentina BUENOS AIRES, June 17 (UP) With two bombs which exploded early this morning of the General Bartolomé Mitre Na- tional’ Railway, terrorist attempts during the last 48 hours in dif- ferent sectors of Buenos Aires Provoince reached a total of seven. There were no victims, and none of the bombs yeards of the station ages. One exploded this morning at the freight yeards of the station of Retiro, here in Buenos Aires The second exploded ten minutes later near the station of Colegiales, in the suburban section of Belgra- no. Two of yesterday’s attacks were against Government installations in La Plata and San Fernando. Three more bombs exploded with- out causing any damages outside private residences in those town. Meanwhile, the Union Commis- sion, which claims it represents Women. Air Race to Cuba Starts MCALLEN, Texas, June 17 — (UP)— Fifteen planes took off from McAlleri today for Havana, Cuba, in a $2,000 1,700-mile all- woman air race. Two last-minute cancellations narrowed the field. Dropping out were Marion Burke of San Anto- nio, Tex., and Gini Richardson of Yakima, Washington. The women will fly low over checkpoints at Alice and Beaumont, Texas, and Valdosta, Fla. They will rest all night at Fort Lauderdale, Fla. in the tracks | about 80 labor unions, has post- poned until July 12 the general strike in had announced for tonior- row in the Buenos Aires metropo- litan zone, However, the strike will be of na- tional character, instead of local, according to announcement made here today. The Commission has said that the strike will be in protest against the arrest of some uuion leaders and in favor of rehabilitation of the General Confederation of Workers. CIVIL SERVANTS OUT OF POLITICS BUENOS AIRES, June 17 (UP) —The Provisional Government en- acted a decree aimed at separating civil service from politics and give guarantees of stability in their posts to 200,000 National Govern- ment employees. The decree establishes a uniform scale of salaries for public em- ployees, with the exception of cab- inet posts, direct assistants of the ministers and service directors. The decree fixes the administra- tive rules to be followed by pub- lic employees and excludes from Government positions those who follow a public attitude “against ‘constitutional principles of free- dom and democracy.” From now on, no public em- ployee can be dismissed without indemnification, except in cases of violation of the law, duly vroven by an Administrative Junta, whose verdict can be appealed. This is a new provision aimed at protecting public employees, so that they can- not be dismissed by political rea- sons, as it was the case every time there was a change in the Govern- Mora, Mufioz Marin to be Honored in Music Recital WASHINGTON, June 17 (UP)— Carlos Villa, young Colombian vio- linist, arrived here to play at the recital in which Argentinaina pian- ist Catalina Hadis will also perform. The act has been organized for Wednesday to honor Dr. José A. Mora, Secretary General of the Or- ganization of American States (O AS) and Luis Mufioz Marin, Gover- nor of Puerto Rito. The program includes works of Bach, Lalo and Vivaldi. In the fam- ous Vivaldi’s concert for two vio- lins, violinist Imanuel Willheim will also. participate. , Villa and Srta. Hadis attended the Casals’ festival which was held at San Juan de Puerto Rico in April last year, with aid received for that purpose from the Pan Ameri- can Union and the Puerto Rico’s government. ‘ Villa, who is a native of Cali ‘and is only 17 years old, studies with Professor Ivan Calamian at the Philadelphia Curtis Music Con- servatory. Four years ago, he per- formed as soloist at a concert of- fered by the United States Navy Symphonic Orchestra at the Pan American Union. Tourists Provide Good Incomes to Latin Americans WASHINGTON, June 17 (UP)— The Department of Commerce an- nounced that United States tour- ists, who constitute a growing source of dollars for the Latin American countries, spent lat year $279,000,000 in México only. This represented an increase of $22,000,000 in North American tourists expenditures in that coun- try, compared with the previous ment, HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Trah-bah-har Koh-noh-sehr, sab-behr Sah-behr Koh-nosh-koh Séh (A mf) me gusta trabajar. (Ah me) meh goos-tah. (A mi) no me gusta eso Al sefor A le gusta la leccién gLe gusta (a usted) la leccién, zLe gusta la leccion, al sefor A? éLes gusta a ellos estudiar? sefior A? Ehs-too-d’yahr Usted me gusta o me gusta usted Me gusta ella, o ella me gusta No me gusta él; él no me gusta zLe gusto yo a ella? a ella; a ea no le gusta Ud. ellos trabajar? Latin American News in Brief ARGENTINE WHEAT CROP EXCELLENT BUENOS AIRES (UP)— The Agriculture Ministry has estimated that Argentine wheatfields will yield a bumper crop of more than 7 million tons of grain this year — an increase of 35.2 per cent.over the 1956 harvest. Buenos Aires Province is pro- ducing 54.6 per cent of the record crop, followed by Cérdoba Pro- vince’s 188 per cent and Santa Fe’s 15.6 per cent, the ministry said. The 1957 crop is expected to ex- ceed the 15-year average for Argen- ne wheat yields by about 23 per cent, ARGENTINES TO TOUR RUSSIA BUENOS AIRES (UP)—_, Some 120 Argentines will leave here this summer on what is believed to be the first unofficial sightseeing tour of Russia and satellite Europe or- ganized in the Western World since World War Il. The cost of the tour, covering all expenses on the visit to Russia, Czechoslovakia, Poland aiid vari- ous non-communist countries in Europe, will be about $1,060. A spokesman for Americantur, the tourist agency that ‘organized the trip, said the Russians are so anxious to attract tourists they have offered to give each of the Argentines 4 rubles (nominally $1) a day for each of the 15 days he spends in the Soviet Union. Most of the tourists are profes- sional men — doctors and engine- ers for the most part. One of the party, Father Jorge Madariaga, is believed to be the first Roman Catholic Priest who has been al- towed to enter Russia unofficially since the 1917 revolution. A little more than half of the tourists will leave Argentina Ju- ly 27 in the Argentine liner Yape- yu. The balance of the group will leave by air: Aug. 11 and join the “advance party” in Europe. year. GUEST’S PETITION DENIED IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY (UP)— A peti- tion for a court order against the Communications Ministry, which delayed the naming of Mexican airlines to fly two air routes to the United States, was Baal here. Judge Rafael Coello turned down Guest Airlines’ application for an injunction against the Department of Communications and the Bureau of Civil Aeronautics. It is now ex- pected that the two routes will be granted within the next few days. Guest sought a court order granting it the México-Chicago franchise on the basis that it flew the route under an earlier agree- ment with the United States. It asked the court to restrain the Communications Ministry from assigning any other carrier to the route, Vying with Guest for Chicago and New York routes are Aerona- ves de México, controlled by ex president Miguel Alem4n, and Me- Thousands Arrested in Haiti as Army Puts end to Riots Killing Fifty. DOMINICANS DENY BORDER TROOP MOVEMENTS PORT AU PRINCE (UP)— Hai- ti’s new military regime pressed a wholesale round-up of opposition forces today in the wake of a sav- age outbreak of rioting that killed at least 50 persons and wounded an estimated 200 others, Night-long torrential rains damp- ened the spirits of rebellious fol- lowers of exiled Provisional Presi- dent Daniel Fignole and feared mew protest demonstrations failed to develop this morning. The Army used today threats and tanks to force merchants to keep their doors open. The official radio station “Re- publique d’ Haiti’ informed that the authorities will impose fines and will jail Haitian. merchants who close their stores, and fines and expropriation to foreign busi nessmen who do not obey the order. The Military Junta Government sent tanks and armored cars to the streets to enforce the decree order- ing all commerce to remain open. Kebreau's regime clamped an es- timated 1,000 political prisoners in- to jail. It was learned the arrests extened beyond the worker and peasant followers of Fignole into the political camps of presidential candidates Louise DeJoie and Cle- ment Jumelle. Among those jailed by the army was Maz Bolte, a DeJoie follower and former government minister. Authorities refused to disclose the charges against him. TOURISTS STRANDED Kebreau conferred all morning with his military government mem- bers in his headquarters, the yel- low-brick fortress — like Dessalines barracks, bristling with machine gums. Tourists, stranded by the upsurge of violence, were still awaiting re- sumption of airline service. Pan American World Airways’ regular morning plane from Miami flew over the Port au Prince field with- out making a landing. Airline of- ficials explained it was loaded to capacity. Kebreau, whe ousted Fignole Friday and sent him to exile in the United States, appeared to be intent on stamping out opposition to his military junta quickly at-any cost. Army roadblocks cut off travel and communication between Port au Prince and the provinces, mak- ing it impossible to obtain first- hand reports on conditions out- side the capital. No large-seale lence was reported. : DOMINICANS DENY TROOP MOVEMENTS Unconfirmed reports that Dom: inican troops are massing along the border that bisects this tropical land in preparation for an invasion of Haiti were denied by Dominican Ambassador Porfirio Basora. “My country does not intervene in the imternal affairs of, other na- tions,” Basora told newsmen. The Junta officially acknowledg- ed only that 12 persons were killed and 20 arrested in the weekend Gisorders, but the actual casualty tigures were known to be much higher. An ambulance attendant report ed counting 48 persons dead im the Fignolist slums of Port-au-Prince. He said the army buried an un- specified number of others where they fell. The trouble started at night Sat- urday, a few hours after word of Fignole’s safe arrival in New York was received here Roving bands of Fignolists, defying curfew regula- - tions, surged out of the slums to set fire to buildings and heave huge tocks into the streets. At least one tourist hotel was stoned by the mobs, but none of the handful of Americans visitng Port au Prince was injured. Other slum dwellers waged a “war of nerves” against the Junta tegime, beating voodoo drums and uttering weird, jungle-like screams, The Army was quick to retaliate. Before dawn, tommygun squads marched into the districts of La Sa- line, Belair and Portail St. Josef, raking filmsy shacks with indis- criminate gunfire. A United Press photographer who tried to take picturew of the scene was warned off by troops with fixed bayaonets. Cuban Army Surrounds Mountain to Force Fidel Castro to Yield to Hunger HAVANA, June 17 (UP)— (Special to THE AMERICAS DAI- LY) — Reports from Santiago de Cuba said that military operations in Sierra Maestra have entered a new’phase, when Colonel Pedro Ba- rreras, commanding the Army for- ces, ordered the surrounding of the mountain area in which Dr. Fi- del Castro’s rebels are holed up,, trying to subdue them through hun- ger and lack of ammunition. At a press conference, Colonel Barre- ras stated he estimates in about 150 men Castro’s forces and that with the ring thrown around them, he expects their food and am- munition will be exhausted with- out means for necessary replenish- ment and thus, will be forced to surrender. The Chief of military operations said also that the access to the heights. of the Sierra, where the rebels forces are, is difficult, rea- son for his order of encirclement. xican Aviation Gompany (CMA). MINING INDUSTRY LOSES IN MEXICO MEXICO CITY (UP)—The Me- xican mining industry will lose an estimated $17 million this year be- cause of declining prices of lead and zine in world markets, the Na- tional Federation of Minig Associa- tions has predicted. A A report published here said this estimate was made without “taking into consideration continued pre- dictions of even lower prices in the future.” The report also said that the whole industry is seriously threat- ened by fears of increased import duties in the United States. “The zinc and lead industry is one of the most important. pillars of the national economy,” the re- port said. “Its production consti- tutes 48 per cent of the total na- He took newspapermen up in @ helicopter, so they could personal- ly see the ruggedness of the Sie- rra and the difficultes to scale it, The reports also said that the po- Tice accused young men Frank Pais, Agustin Navarrete, Julio Pé- rez and Pedro Garcia, as master- minders of soldier Domingo Bauza killing inside a bus. The soldier was buried, with mi- itary honors, presided by the Head of the Military District, Colonel Ra- mon Cruz Vidal. : JULES DUBOIS ATTENDS PRESS CONFERENCE The commander of the Maceo Regiment, Colonel Cruz Vidal stag- ed a press conference in which he exhorted the city residents to do their best in pro of the reestab- lishmen of peace aud harmony in the Cuban family. He said that his exhortation was directed specially to the civic institutions of the ci- ty. The conference was attended, besides local newspapermen by Ju- les Dubois, President of IAPA’s Press Freedom Committee and cor- respondent of the Chicago Tribune and the correspondent of Times magazine in Cuba. MATTHEWS DEPARTED New York Times editorialist, H. ‘Matthews, who visited Cuba for several days, holding interviews with personalities and gathering in- formation of the Cuban situation for his newspaper, left for the Unit- ed States by plane, on Sunday, STREETS PATROLLED Santiago’s streets continued to be patrolled by armed forces, al- though in small scale and it is said that the usual activities of the city are being carried more normally. SHOTING IN. HAVANA BUS FATAL TO THREE HAVANA, June 17 (UP) —Three persons were killed and two others were wounded in a shotting fray inside a moving bus today. Police said one passenger on the bus opened fire against another shortly after the vehicle started, after the first one attacked him with a razor, An army sergeant traveling om tional mineral output. If import duties are increased by the United States, the industry probably would be paralyzed.” — the bus then fired on the as- sailant. Both-were killed in the en- [zune sunplay, together with an- passenger who sat nearby,