Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 24, 1957, Page 10

nter - American News for English - Speaking people 4th YEAR THE AM For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., FRIDAY, MAY 24, 1957 G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Cc. W. Vice President Fred M. Shaver Business Manager SMITH S. SMITE Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE Vice President Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gémez Advt. & Cire. Mer. acento rene SEIS Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class matter at the Post Office of Miami Sprmg: s. Fla.. on February 8. 1956. a conocer: cari monmneeesenrnerPROa Rit DITORIAL DEFICIENCIES OF THE EXIMBANK This editorial comment is written in accordance with he atmosphere created by recent events. Authorized voices ave been heard in Washington regarding the end of ctivities of the last meeting of the Inter American Com: | nittee of Presidential Representatives. They express lack f satisfaction, centered, we may say, in the opposition of he United States to the creation of an Inter American gency which, responding to the urgent needs of the coun- ries of Latin America, should promote their development hrough financial cooperation, through loans- organized in ccordance with the respective needs. The opposition of the Washington Government to the reation of a new banking agency is based in the belief hat already proper channels exist, such as the Eximbank, or example, for that purpose. A very strong Latin Amer- can sector affirms that the Eximbank doesnot respond to he call of the urgent needs of the continent, and that its ittitude lacking practical sense and full or arrogance, woduces, in innumerable cases, a separation of interests, nter American discouragement and humilliating rejections. On several occasions we ies of the Eximbank. They have referred to the deficien- certainly exist, and many of hem cannot possibly be justified. The lack of a Translation Department which permits lirect discussion of the problems between the Bank and ts clients, without delays of months and without erroneous nterpretations, is perhaps one of the most noted of the leficiencies which characterize the Eximbank. That depart- nent has been requested on many occasions, without the ‘equest finding an echo among the corresponding officials of the Bank. The lack of practical action in the part of the Eximbank md of policies to attract clients considered good risks; he stubborness to evade approvals as long as possible, cause that Latin Americans of a new credit institution. clamor for the establishment Faith in the Eximbank must be renewed through a new ife which will remove from the scene the negative policy yf an organism which has kept idle approximately forty ‘ive per cent of its credit funds. The Eximbank needs to promote its action through srograms of attraction for its clients. If it fails to do so, he credit influence of the United State in Latin America will loose strength. Jet Plane Era in NEW YORK (UP)— An inter- itional hotel executive predicted day that “jet passenger planes ill bring Buenos Aires closer to ew York than Bogota is today.” This forecast was made by By- o Calhoun, president of the In- reontinental Hotels Corporation HC), who emphasized that he as “not merely gazing into a cry- al ball.” In shrinking the distance be- veen Argentina and the United ates, jets will make a trip from ‘re to more northerly points in atin America seem like a “walk ound the corner,” he said. There is yet no certain date hen jet air service will link the | mericas, but Calhoun said when starts “Caracas will be as close to ew York, for: example, as Miami now, and México City will be ven closer than Dallas is today.” “This means a vast increase in iternational travel is about to get iderway,” he explained. Some experts belieye that by 61 the number of air travelers ill be wriple that of today, he id, and warned that unless the otel industry keeps pace with this crease “many passengers, after 2tting to where they want to go, ay find they have no place to ” ay. The jet era in transportation eans there must also be a “new va” in hotel keeping, not only in atin America, but in: other parts ‘ the world,” he said, adding: “Most of us do not realize what apact the jet will have on us. 7e have not begun to comprehend te sudden and far-reaching chan- 2s that will be effected by these anes upon the world’s society, sonomy, way of life and, also, gon the hotel industry.” As head of the THC, a subsidiary * Pan American World Airways, alhoun directs the world’s largest otel construction’ and manage- ent corporation operating ex- usively outside the continental nited States. . IHC’s activities are centered in atin America where it operates ne hotels in Brazil, Cuba, Chile this Hemisphere Colombia, México, Uruguay, and ; Venezuela; and represents three more in Argentina and Pert. With- |in the next nine months. It will open three new ones in the Carib- ‘tbean-Central America region. The first of these, the Curacao- intercontinental, a 125-room struc ture built at'a cost of $1,200,000 «m) in the historic “waterfort” at Willemstad, Curacao, will open in September. A $6,750,000 (m) hotel — the San Juan Intercontinental — with 369 rooms is to open at San Juan, Puerto Rico, next January. A third hotel, the El Salvador- | Intercontinental, is scheduled to open next February in San Salva- dor. It will have 204 rooms and cost $3,200,000 (m). Plams have also been drawn up for a 300-room hotel in Guatema- la. THC’s first venture outside the Western Hemisphere will be in Beirut, Lebanon, where a $4,750,- 000 (m), 300-room hotel is schedul- ed to open about March ‘1958. By the end of 1959, if the Gua- | temala project is realized, Calhoun will have at his command approxi- mately 5,000 rooms in 17 hotels scattered in 14 countries. “We have found in Latin Ame- rica that travel can be more than the cause of hotels,” he said. “Tra- vel can just as significantly be the effect of hotels. If a good hotel is | built, travelers will find their way | to it.” Calhoun said that some Latin American cities had little hotel bu- siness before air transportation became a basic method of travel. “Today our hotels in these cities have a phenomenally high occupan ey rate, he added. Citing the YHC’s Tequendama Hotel in Bogota as an example, he said studies nave shown that within a period of two years the hotel was responsible for more than doubling the number of international air travelers arriv- ing in Bogota. i “In 1955 new visitors to that city stayed 140,00 guest days and spent more than $4,000,000 (m), all of which represented new dollar in- come for Colombia”, he explained, )nly 4 Hemisphere Countries Are ‘ree From Malaria, Report Reveals MEXICO CITY (UP)— Only sur countries in the Western Hem- phere — Canada, the gates, Chile and Uruguay — are »mpletely free of malaria, the Pan | mo'orn Sanitary office said. In a report on the Anti-Malaria ampaign in the Western Hemi- »here, the Sanitary Office said ma- ria was hever a problem in Cana- a and Uruguay. Of the other 20 American coun- United | tries affected by malaria, only the United States and Chile have been able to completely eradicate the | disease. ' Intensive eradication programs | are underway now in the following countries: México, Argentina, Bra- zil, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatema- ia, Haiti, Honduras, Dominican.Re- | public and Venezuela. “Malaria control” programs are also operating in Nicaragua, Pa- SDAILY Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIQ RUIZ CUBA — Each one of the six provinces into which the Republic of Cuba is divided extends clear across the island from north to south and has a good size capital, as well as one or more good ports on one or both coasts. The Cen- tral Highway, which runs almost the entire length of the island, |connects all the provincial capitals and also many smaller towns. With its many coastal coves, Cuba has earned the name of “Island of the Hundred Harbors,” and of these at least fifty are of some commercial importance, Nearly every one of them is connected with an import- ant town several miles inland, the reason for this curious type of development going back to con- ditions that prevailed in early days of Cuban. settlement and exploita- tion. Transportation by land in those times was both costly and difficult, so each large town that was the focal point of an agricultural or mining district had its own sea- port. The urban center itself was built at some distance inland as a protection from raid by the pirates who infested Caribbean waters during the 16th and 17th centuries, and harassed the prosperous coast- al towns. The westernmost province of the country is Pinar del Rio, with its capital of the same name lying in the center of the most famous tobacco producing area in the world, which is known as Vuelta Abajo and extends only about ten miles east to west. The Iand is flat, and it is pre-eminently an agri- cultural region, growing coffee, sugar cane, and pineapples, besides its well-known tobacco. Cattle rais- ing is also and important industry in Pinar del Rio, and there are large asphalt deposits in Mariel and Bahia Honda on the Northern Coast. Mariel, the present seat of the Cuban Naval Academy, lies in a land-locked bay that used to be the favorite port of filibusters smuggling arms and munitions into Cuba to aid patriots in the eve of the Spanish American war. The Province of Havana is east of Pinar del Rio. The smallest in area of the six Cuban provinces, it is the most densely populated. It contains nearly one third of the inhabitants of the island, the city having over one million people. The wealth of this section lies mainly in commerce and industry. It is best know for its cigar and cigarette factories, although ~ its fisheries are also important, and some agriculture is carried on, es- pecially the growing of tobacco. Havana is the capital of the Pro- vince as well as of the Republic, and has felt the impact of foreign influences and its development has been so vitaly affected by powerfal economic forces, as it stands to- day, it is not at all typical of the country as a whole. It presents, nevertheless, a dazzling picture to the visitor who, if he so desires, can seek out in the older sections the surviving landmarks of Spanish traditions that have been crowded back by the wide, landscaped bou- levards and imposing buildings of the modern city. Outstanding among the monu- ments of the past are the mas- sive forts on either side of Hava- na’s deep, sheltered harbor, the Morro, whose guns protected the city from pirate raids from’ 1579 on, and which now is used as a lighthouse and signal station, and the old fort known as La Fortaleza, built between 1558 and 1577, after the sacking of Havana by the pir- ate Jacques de Sores, which de- monstrated the inadequacy of the city’s defenses. At present this for mer Treasure House, where mil- lions in gold, silver and precious stones were stored in the past is utilized as army barracks. Spanish Version Page 3 uama and Paraguaya, but steps are being taken to transform these con- trol programs into more intensive eradication campaigns. The report said the governments of Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba and Pert are studying the possibility of starting eradication campaigns. x In the Caribbean area the ter- ritories of Antigua, Barbados, French Guana, Martinique and Puerto Rico have completely wip- ed out the disease. Meanwhile, Méxic8's Public Health Mimister predicted that a new anti-malaria- drug developed here “may lead to the end of ma- laria all over the world.” Dr. Gilberto Morones Prieto said the drug, Palumex, which was de- veloped by the Public Health Min- istry, is a new combination of two chemicals previously used_separate- ly for treatment of malaria. sy. — (Photo PAU) BOGOTA, May 23 (UP.— The National Press Commission, of which all independent papers of the country are members, _ re- quested from the Military Gov- ernment Junta the immediate re- peal of legislation restricting free- dom of the press. The petition was made by the ing after the change of Govern- ment. It also accorded to convoke to a National Congress of Journ- alists, which will meet in Bogota on July 20, with attendance of observers from the Inter American Press Association (IAPA). Another measure approved by the Commission was ,to repudiate newspapermen who cooperated in the establishment of newspaper en- terprises to support ousted Presi- dent Rojas Pinilla while he was tightening censorship, The decrees for which journal- ists are asking repeal are those im- posing heavy fines for alleged libel or contempt without permitting the press to appeal. ROJAS PINILLA GOES TO THE RESERVE Meanwhile, the Military Gov- ernment Junta has a decree ready calling Gemeral Gustavo Rojas Pi- nilla to the Army Reserve, with which apparently it breaks the last bond with the ousted president. Lt. Gen. Gustavo Rojas Pinilla, who until two weeks ago govern- ed the country under the title “His Excellency General Supreme Chief,” will be out of the Army as soon as the decree is published. According to well informed sour- ces, the measure has been approved HONDURAS ELECTIONS TEGUCIGALPA, Honduras (UP)— The Military Junta Gov- ernment announced that elections for .a Constitutional Convention will be held Sept. 21 as the first step toward restoring normal gov- ernment in this country. - The convention will be installed on Oct. 21, first anniversary of the Junta’s overthrow of supreme chief of state Julio Lozano. Honduran affairs have been dis- organized since late 1954, when no candidate in that year’s presiden- tial election received the majority necessary for election. Lozano, the outgoing Vice. President, assumed power after president Juan M. Gal- vez left the country “for reasons of health.” The convention’s task will be to rewrite the Constitution to prevent such trouble in future. CHARGES AGAINST MOLINA DROPPED IN ARGENTINA BUENOS AIRES (UP)— _ The Justice Ministry announced it has dropped three of 4 charges pend- ing against ailing ex Defense Min- ister Humberto Sosa Molina, who was released from prision _ last week because of poor health, The maximum penalty possible under the remaining charge — Commission during its first meet-| Colombian Journalists Ask Repeal of all Decrees Restricting Press and only publication is meeded now. The same decree eliminates the title of Supreme Chief Rojas Pini- lla gave himself, leaving him only with the rank established in the Armed Forces of Colombia. The measure of the Military Jun- ta puts an end to the military ca- reer of Rojas Pinilla, which brough him to the Presidency of the Re- public when he took power in June, 1953, with a promise to the coun- try to bring peace and to hold free elections in which the people would chose a government. Devalution of Colombian Peso is Predicted NEW YORK, May 23 (UP)—Lo- cal financial circles predicted to- day that the Colombian Peso may be devaluated to a rate of five Pesos per Dollar. The official rate of exchange, at present, is $2.50 Pesos per U. S. Dollar. A Mission from the Internation- al Monetary Fund, presided by Jacques J. Polak, is now in Bogo- ta to study the problem. Any de- valuation of the currency of a country member of the Interna- tional Monetary Fund must have the approval of this organism. It is expected, also, that the Fund will grant Colombia a_ stabiliza- tion credit similar to the one made to Chile last year, when this coun- try reformed its exchange system. According to information HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American N concealment of a Peronist plot to “intimidate the people’— is less than the time Sosa has already served. * The Ministry said Judge Ovidio Fernandez ruled out action on the other three charges — buying arms for the late Eva Perén’s “So- cial Aid Foundation,” drafting op- position. politicians into the army and misuse of weapons belonging to the Federal Police. Sosa was defense minister in ousted ex President Juan D. Pe- ron’s cabinet. IBANEZ REAFFIRMS DEMOCRATIC WAY SANTIAGO, Chile (UP)— Pre- sident Carlos Ibafiz, opening Con- gress at the start of his last 18 months in office, appealed for ac- tion to “revitalize Chile’s economy and rejuvenate its finances” be- fore his successor is installed ‘in 1958. In a “state of thé nation” mes- sage, Tbanez reaffirmed his for- eign policy of support for “the democratic system of the free world against the threats of inter- national communism.”. CHILEANS KILLED SANTIAGO, Chile (UP)— Re ports from outlying areas devast ated by weekend storms increased — PERUVIAN TECHNICIAN GETS REWARD FOR DISTINGUISHED SERVICES WASHINGTOW, D, C.—Peruvian Ambassador to the United States, Fernando Berckemeyer, imposes on Ricardo Palma the decoration of the Order of Merit for Distingunshed Services. Palma, one of the principal promoters of Inter American tourism, is Pan American Union agent in Lima. With the occasion of the delivery of the decoration, Ambassador Berckemeyer offered a reception at the Peruvian Embas- Canadians Will: be Invited to Join the OAS RIO DE JANEIRO (UP)— Latin American leaders will urge Foreign Minister Lester B. Pearson to bring Canada into the Organization of American States when he visits south of the border this fall, it was reported here. Informed sources said the Latins are anxious to get Canada into the OAS because they believe it will have as“better appreciation of Hemispheric development prob- lems” than the United States does. They pointed out that Canada’s membership in the Atlantic Pact and its involvement in the problems of the Middle East tend to over- tule past arguments that the Dom- inion does not want to get mixed up in the problems of Latin Ame- rica. These sources said Canada should at least line up with the 1947 pact that provides for Hemisphere de- fense. President Juscelino Kubitschek brought up the question of Canad- ian membership in OAS at the meeting of | Western-Hemisphere Presidents in Panama last July. It was one of the first subjects men- tioned to Canadian Ambassador W. A. Irwin on his recent arrival here. ceived here, one of the results of the devaluation of the Colombian Peso could be simplification of the exchange system. “The Journal of Commerce;” in regard to this, says that Bogota’s reports indicate that Colombia may return to a single exchange rate of the Peso instead of the system of multiple rates for re-|all kind of transactions. Member Inter American Press Associc¢¢ion e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 264 U. S. Economic Future is in Latin America, J. Peter Grace States CHICAGO, May 23 (UP)—The United States’ economic future is in the “dynamic region” of Latin America, in the opinion of J. Pe- ter Grace, President of W. R. Grace and Company. In a speech he delivered at the Propeller Club, in this city, during the celebration of the World Trade Week and the National Maritime Day, Grace said that the huge eco- nomic growth of Latin America has decided his company to plan capital investments of more than $70,000,000 in that region, between now and 1961. He added this investment is not only an indication of “our faith in this dynamic area of the world, but a manifestation, translated into many millions of dollars, of our conviction that Latin America grows and will continue growing, and that the economic future of our great nation (United States), is South of us.” Grace said that, in his opinion, the most promising growing field is in the increasing commercial in- terchange between the Americas. After he called attention to the rapid economic progress and in- crease in population of the Latin American nations, Grace underlin- ed that the countries situated south of the United States decided to be- come industrial with or without the aid of the United States, al- though they would prefer to do it with the U.°S. aid. He said that their industrializa- tion would not bring about a de- crease of Latin American pur- chases in the United States, but on the contrary, they will increase. He pointed out, as a basis for his affirmation, Canada’s case, which duplicated its imports from the United States during its indusirial- ization period, which followed the last war. He pointed out also that Peri’s paper imports increased in the. same proportion that did the pro- duction of the paper factory Grace owns in that country and which al- so supply the internal market. Grace said that fears of political instability in Latin America did not have grounds as, in reality, the po- litical life of that region can be compared favorabley with other principal regions of the world. He said, after: “During our time, there has not been any war of import- ance in Latin America. Its mee- anism to solve international dis- putes, it seems to me, functions better and more efficacious than anyother one, including that of the United Nations. Finally Grace said in his speech that the enormous United States production capacity “creates prac- tically an unlimited need for a larger distribution of it. Latin American increasing living stand- ards and its insatiable apetite for better things from the whole world converts it in a natural market for our products. It is already a great market! It could be greater if we worked it in adequate form! New Air Force Chief Appointed by Aramburu in Argentine Gvt. Crisis BUENOS AIRES, May 23 (UP)— President Pedro’E. Aramburu an- nounced Jast night the appointment ef a new Commander-in-Chief of the Argentine Air Force, The announcement came after a series of rapid-fire moves by the Aramburtt regime to prevent a re- ported military-led coup. At least three Army generals were report- ed arrested and a number of other high-ranking officers disciplined. There also were unconfirmed reports air force Brig. Julio C. Krause had been placed under house arrest. But friends of the former Air Minister said he | is “away on a visit.” Krause resign- ed his cabinet post last March in protest against Aramburu’s plans for returning Argentina to civilian control. Reports from high military sour- ces of the alleged conspiracy made no mention of any involvement by Air Force officers. The announcement issued by the Presidential office last night said that Brig. Angel Peluffo, Air Force Under Secretary, had been appoint- ed to sueceed Brig. Guilermo Zin- ny as Commander-in-Chief of the Air Force. Zinny had requested he be retired last week. The three Army officers report- ed under arrest in connection with the alleged plot were identofied ews in Brief the toll of gales and torrential rain to at least seven persons dead and three seriously injured. ‘ So far as was known, all of the casualties were Chileans. _ MEXICO PAYING FOREIGN DEBTS MEXICO CITY (UP)— The fin- al payment on the 1938 oil expro- priation will be made in 1964, arid México will have paid all its for- eign debts by 1975, the Banco Na- cional de México announced. All foreign obligations will be paid by 1968, with the exception of National Railways obligations, which will be paid by 1975, the bank said. PUERTO RICAN LEADER QUITS SAN JUAN, P. R: (UP)— The newspaper El Mundo reported that Sen. Gilberto Concepcién de Gra- cia has resigned as president of the minority Independence Party, sub- ject to approval by its convention in September. . D Mundo said Concepcién also has submitted his resignation from the Insular Senate but will continue to occupy his seat there until the convention’s decision on his re- signation from the party post is announced, The newspaper said the Indepen- dence leader plans to open a law office here in partnership with his brother Herminio, an Insular Re- presentative belonging to Gov. Luis Mufioz Marin’s Popular Democratic Party... \ PERONISTS IN CHILE. ANTOFAGASTA, Chile (UP)— Two Argentine Peronist refugees caught fleeing across the border from Bolivia have appealed for po- litical asylum in this country. Police who caught the two men in the Ollague Desert identified them as Claudio Aviezo, who had been an announcer for the Peron- ist radio station in La Paz, and Héctor Sapiencia, a businessman who had been living in Asunci6n, Paraguay. , MUCH MORE MILK THAN COWS GIVE VERACRUZ, México (UP) —The Dairymen’s Association said that stores here are selling 32,000 quarts of milk a day — 10,000 more than are produced by all the cows in the Veracryz milkshed. . “We don’t want to accuse any- one of watering the milk,” a spokesman said, “but we think the “ Ysituation’ merits investigation.” by high military sources as Maj. Gen. Luis Busetti, Commander of the Army, Maj. Gen. Héctor Sola- nas Pacheco, and Maj. Gen. Miguel Villarruel, Inspector Genera of the Cavalry. The sources said the three were the leaders of a conspiracy to. overthrow Aramburu and install Busetti as head of a new national- ist regime. In a Cabinet meeting with Pres- ident Aramburu, plans were draf- ted for the elections of the Cons- tittuent Convention on July 28, a matter which observers believe is the main source of the military and political unrest of the last few months. Minister of Interior Carlos Alco- nadas gave a detailed report on the preparation of new electoral re- gistration record, in which some ten million voters are registered, and it was said the records will be ready by the end of this month. Provisions have been made also for the registration of all political parties. Mexican Labor Leaders to Visit Central America MEXICO CITY (UP)— Seven la- bor leaders will leave here July 3 for a three-week tour of Central America to strengthen the labor movement there, it was announced. The group will be headed by William C. Doherty of the Postal Telegraph and Telphone Interna- tional; Lorenzo Martinez Cavero of the International Transport Workers Federation; and Pedro B. Pérez Salinas of the International Union of Food and Drink Workers Association. The group will investigate work- ers’ conditions in- Guatemala, Sal- vador, Honduras, British Honduras, ee Costa Rica and Pana- ma, 3 At the end of the three-week tour, the group will hold a six-day seminar in San José, Costa Rica, with local labor leaders from the whole region. zh A one-year organizing campaing will then be launched throughout all the Central American countries. “Our project is aimed at bringing democratic trade unionism to the area,” Doherty said. “We will not be satisfied,” he added, “until each and every work- er of Central Amerita is enjoying the same degree of human dignity as found in México and the United States, where the trade union movement is among the most highly developed im the world.”