Diario las Américas Newspaper, May 22, 1957, Page 10

nfer - American News for English - | Speaking people @. A. SAN ROMAN c. President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor W. SMITH 8. SI MITE Vice President HORACIO AGUIRRE President. Editor and Manager Eliseo Riera-Gémez t. & Cire. Mgr. Vice Fred M. Shaver Business Manager Advi Published daily except Monday — Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office of Miami Sprmgs. Fla.. on February 8. 1956, DITORIAL ORMATION AGENCY From an international point of view, it is impossible to efrain from writing an editorial comment on the repercus- iions that in the world is having, and will continue to have, he cut in the funds for the very important official publicity agency of the United States. Mr. Arthur Larsen has fought with sincerity to main- ‘ain his budget. He has invoked this real fact: United | States officials cannot, and should not deceive themselves n believing that there is no need for defense in the asychological field of publicity. There are many vacuums m international public opinion which the peoples of the world want to study and to know regarding international solicies emanating from Washington. Any amount spent in publicity to develop a program which will carry constant messages from people to people, should be considered the best investment by one of the leading countries. It is not possible to be a leading power and at the same time to disregard the opinions of those over which leadership is to be exercised. To that fact is reduced the cut in-funds of the U. S. Information Agency. To reduce the funds indispensable to reach the peoples from far and near who want to know the viewpoints of the United States, is an indication of a fatal disregard for reality in a world divided by the power of ideas which are constantly clashing. ... The greatest defficiency in the functioning of the United States Official Publicity Agency has been the lack of suf- ficient funds necessary to face the deluge of Moscow’s propaganda. With such a situation, already existing, the curtailment of the budget submitted by Mr. Arthur Larsen will agravate, in practice, the current distressing situation of red publicity infiltration and will cause enormous con- fusion among millions of men and women who, even next door, in Latin America, will not be able to understand why the time alloted to The Voice of America is reduced, thus leaving more open hours for The Voice of Moscow. The endeavor to reduce the general budget is a laudable effort, but to do so endangering today and tomorrow’s security—which in this case is the publicity program—is an unjustifiable mistake. REGRETTABLE INCIDENTS In different sectors of the Latin American colony of Miami, including those of political exiles, condemnation has been heard with regard to certain acts of political hostility against determined persons or groups during the last few days, acts that have resulted in improper behaviour, contrary to good manners and civism. It is necessary to respect the opinions of others in order to have our own respected also. Disagreement for reasons of political order should be manifested in a manner that does not rest prestige of the cause one is defending. It is to be hoped that the above mentioned acts are not repeated, and that opportune advise by those that in any way exercise influence on determined groups, results in avoiding repetition of incidents which are a reflection of political passions and excitement and which lead to nothing constructive, bringing harm to the whole colony and, in particular, to the causes that, in politics, are sup- ported by those groups. THE PANAMA AND SUEZ CANALS WASHINGTON (UP)— Maurice; “The 1888 Convention provided H. Thatcher, former Governor of|that the Suez Maritime Canal the Panama Canal Zone, contends} that Egypt’s seizure of the Suez Canal did not constitute a preced- ent by which the Republic of Pa- nama might have a right to claim| ownership and control of the Pa-| nama Canal. | In a statement prepared for the | Panama Canal Society of Washing- ton, which will soon be introduced in the congressional record as mat- ter of general public interest, That- cher held that the political status of the Suez and Panama Canals is fundamentally different. Thatcher is the last surviving member of the Isthmian Canal Commission which in years 1910- 1915 supervised the construction of the Panama Canal. Later he was a Congressman from Kentucky and presently he practices law in Wa- shington. “The political status of the two eanals — Suez and Panama — are to be contrasted,” Thatcher stated. “The Suez Canal was constructed ‘under a concession granted in 1854 by the Khedive of Egypto to Fer- dinand de Lesseps which authoriz- ed the latter to organize a private company for the purpose of con- structing, maintaining, and operat- ing that waterway. The grant in- volved ran for 99 years, commenc- ing from the day of the opening of the Canal for operation. “The Canal was begun in 1860 and put into successful operation. On October 29, 1888, there was signed at Constantinople a conven- tion or treaty by Germany, Austria Hungarg, Spain, France, Italy, Netherlands, Russia and Turkey with respect to the free navigation of the Suez Canal. “Great Britain, though named as a signatory, did not sign but did respect the Convention, and for- mally adhered to it through the , Anglo-French agreement of April 8, 1904. Turkey acquiesced to the Convention of 1888 and thence- forth the canal was operated by the company in accordance with that instrument, ps should always be free and open in time of war as in time of peace to every vessel of commerce or war without distinction of flag. Other supporting provisions were includ- ed in this convention, with the ter- ritorial rights of Turkey reserved. “Until the recent seizure of the | Suez Canal by Egypt, it was govern- ed by the concessions to de Les- |seps and the Convention of 1888, “The indicated seizure was clear- ly in contravention of the provi- sions in those documents and con- trary to all International. Law, which is to the effect that one na- tion cannot abrogate by itself the | treaty provisions based on appro- |priate considerations and before the end of the prescribed period. “There must be mutual abroga- |tion. Hence, the action of Nasser |in Egypt was without authority of |treaty or international law, and in | derogation of both, and was large- ly motivated by a desire for re- |venge because of his failure to | procure from the United States and Great Britain funds for the Aswan |Dam project. Of course, Soviet in- | fluence was back of Egypt. “The latter provision is to be contrasted with the cession of | Sovereignty of the Canal Zone strip in Panama, “The lease period for the Suez Canal had only about 12 years to run, from the date’ of Nasser’s action. The waterway would pass automatically to Egyptian owner- |ship and control in 1968 (repeat 1968). Nasser thus undertook to confiscate valuable property of shareholders of the company, which was indeed a ruthless, act. “Now let us turn to Panama, |The case there is altogether dif- ferent. The Suez Company was organized as a private undertaking, with a commercial company and with the operation of the canal as a source of profit. Under the com- pany it was operated successfully and profitably, with 5 per cent of the net profit to Egypt. For a better understanding between the Americas BOGOTA, May 21 (UP)— Alber- to Lleras Camargo, ex President ef the Republic and Head ‘of the Liberal Party, proposed convoca- tion of popular elections for Con- gress, besides President, and. sug- gested to the Government Military Junta the establishment of a Par- liament with parity representation of the two political parties. Talking by radio, Lleras — who directs the two-party civil move- ment which pressed the resignation of President Gustavo Rojas Pini lla — declared that a Congress with equal- numerical representa- tion for the two traditional parties, Know thy Neighbor By ANTONIO RUIZ VENEZUELA — The “Los Cara- cas Vacation City” is a lovely spot where the workers of Venezuela who for many years were unable to afford vacations away from home, can now spend two delight- ful weeks, at a cost so low, that it is unequaled elsewhere. It com- bines the attractions of the sea- shore and the mountains. Locat- ed at the site of a cluster of huts inhabited by the Caracas Indians 400 years ago, this new resort rises by the sea at the foot of a mount- ain covered with lush vegetation. It has a well protected beach be- tween two piers jutting well into the sea, a river in which darns have been constructed at intervals to form swimming pools, ‘and ex- tensive forests which invite hiking. Scattered buildings of Spanish colonial design, none higher than three stories, cover an area of 124 acres and offer all the facilities of a regular community—nine. apart- ment houses for families and sin- gle men, two restaurants, two so- cial clubs, hotel, church, market, bakery, drug store, laundry, gara- ges, warehouse, a health center for emergency medical or dental assistance, and 147 detached hou- ses, each with three bedrooms, dining room, living room, bath room, and kitchen equipped with range and refrigerator. All apart- ments are furnished but have’ no cooking facilities, A rocky promontory which over- looks the sea has been used to build a belvedere connected with land by means of a concrete bridge. Here are located a glass-enclosed restaurant, soda fountain, and lock- ers for bathers. The Vacation City has its own water supply system, but electric power is bought from a private company, It also has its own fleet of trucks for refuse and garbage collection. The nine miles of streets are all paved and lined with trees and shrubbery, Gar- |dens and lawns surround every building. The temperature is just comfortably warm, for the mount- jain breezes blow during the day and the sea breeze at night. This comfortable resort for the workers was opened one hot Aug- ust day, and the next day vacation- ists began arriving in great num- bers. In a month 1,500 persons were enjoying a vacation unlike anything they had enjoyed before. ;This number gradually increased until all individual houses were furnished to accomodate 2,500 per- sons at one time. Visiting crowds on week-ends have reached 7,000 persons. The drive from Caracas alone, 40 miles of it, is worth the trip, as a fine new highway run- ning from La Guaira, along the sea- shore, affords a magnificent view of all the coastal region. This model resort was construct- ed especially for catering to modest people earning no more than 2,- 000 bolivars ($750) a month. Busi- ness concerns have made whole- sale reservations for their em- ployee’s vacations. Applications are received from Trinidad, Aru- ba and Curazao, but have been re- fused to give Venezuelans first chance. In view of the extraordinary suc- cess of this project in such a short time, plans for expansion were made immediately and construc- tion is going on. First of all, a jet- ty enclosed -basin has been con- structed to serve both as a huge swimming pool and as anchorage base for fishing boats up to 17 feet dratf. Additional buildings are un- der construction and will continue to be constructed as the need arises, and similar resorts are planned for other parts of the country. This one has cost so far more then twenty-five million dol- lars to build. 4 Spanish Version Page 3 | Government will assure peaceful elections. Previously, Lleras and the lead- ers of the by-partisan civil move- ment, had asked celebration . of popular elections, but only to choose President for the nation during the period 1958-1962, The Military Junta announced it will convoke elections next year and that it will hand over the reins of government to the president po- pularly elected, Lleras ratified his support to the Military Junta be- eaunse — he said — the Junta’s purpose is to bring the country back to constitutional and democra- tic normaley, which has been what the civilian sectors of the two tra- ditional parties, the liberal and the conservative have asked ‘for. In his radical message the civil- ian front leader and Head of the Liberal Party declared that the two parties will goto the Presidential elections next year with the can- didacy of Conservative Guillermo Leon Valencia. “I have faith in the Government Junta,” Lleras said enphatically, adding that it is a provisional gov- ernment which intends to bring the country out of the present state of siege and toward a strictly demo- cratic regime. Last week, Guillermo Leén Va- lencia requested from the Military Junta disolution of the Constitu- ent Assembly, which re-elected General Rojas Pinilla for the Pre- sidency of the Republic, the Su- preme Court and the Council of State. These petitions were se- conded by Lleras in his radio ad- dress. Lleras said these steps are neces- sary as “the Rojas Pinillas dictator- ship machinery must be dismantl- ed piece by piece.” He asked also for liquidation of the “Empresa Nacional de Publicacién,” organ- ism which edited the “Diario Ofi- cial”, which he called “an entity copied from the Peronist regime.” Mexican - Central MIAMI SPRINGS, FLA., WEDNESDAY, MAY 22, 1957 Lleras Camargo Requests Congressional Elections Reaffirms support of Military Junta, as Provisional Govt. to bring back normalcy - Eduardo Santos fo Get Award in New York May 28 NEW YORK, May 21 (UP)—The Inter American Association — for | Democracy and Freedom has grant- ed its annual Award to Dr. Eduar- co Santos, ex President of Colom- bia and owner of the newspaper “El Tiempo” of Bogota, “for his distinguished services to Inter American democracy.” The scroll will be delivered in a ceremony on May 28 at the Colum- bia University Club. At the end of the ceremony there will be a reception in Dr. Santos’ honor. Dr. Santos, who is now in Paris, will be in New York, on his way to Bogota, where he will supervise the re-appearance of “El Tiempo”, which was interrupted under the Rojas Pinilla dictatorship. Speakers at the ceremony will be ex Assistant Secretary of State. Adolph A. Berle; Franees R. Grant, Secretary of the Inter Ame- rican Association for Democracy and Freedom; Herbert L. Matthews editorial writer of The New York Times; and Serafino Romualdi, Lat- in American Representative of the AFL-CIO. American Trade and Payments Union Suggested MEXICO, May 21 (UP) — Plans for creation of a Mexican-Central Union, for the promotion of trade, tourism and commercial relations in general, in the area of the sev- en countries, are being worked out. The Union, which will be known as MEXCAP (México, Cen- tral America and Panama) contem- plates creation of a series of inter- national banks, common merchant marine, permanent industrial ex- positions in each one of the seven countries and programs to promote tourism and trade. Antonio Arellano, President of the Mexican Industrial combine, said that the initial step is the establishment of a Trade Bloc of private business which, according to what he said, it is being organiz- ed by the Mexican Chamber of Commerce and other institutions. The organization would e&tab- lish bases for a possible agreement |, between governments. _ The second step would be the creation of a series of MEXCAP Banks, to facilitate trade between the seven countries; institution, in a future date, of a maritime combine and establishment of a MEXCAP merchant marine. Arellano declared that atfer pre- liminary plans made by private enterprises, a conference of busi- nessmen and functionaries will be held, with the purpose of writing up the projects of the MEXCAP bloc on official bases, Arellano presided the Mexican- Central American Mission which made the first efforts to increase Central American commerciai in- tegration. “After reviewing the problems our Mission experimented in 19- 48 — he said — we are able to prove that the industry have at- tained great progress in recent years. The present project seems now more feasible, specially if it is considered comparing it with the original problems.” HEMISPHERIC EVENTS Latin American News in Brief U. S. TO BUILD LIMA EMBASSY LIMA, Peri (UP)— The United States Government was authorized by the Peruvian Government to erect a four-story building to house its Embassy here. The Ministry of Interior author- ized Lima City Council to grant the permission requested by the U. S. Embassy here. The Ministry of Interior au- thorized Lima City Council to grant the permission requested by the U, S. Embassy. The building will be located at the corner of Wilson and Espafa Avenues in the residential district known as Barrio de la Exposici6n. _At present, the Embassy’s offi- ces are scattered through’ various sections of the city. MEXICAN GOVERNMENT GETS OUT OF MOVIES MEXICO CITY (UP)— The Me- xican government announced it will get out of the motion picture business as a first step to aid Mé- xico’s ailing private film industry. The Interior Ministry’s Central Motion Picture Office said it or- dered the closing of the Clasa Stu- dios which are operated by the semi-official National Finance Agency, The decision followed an an- nouncement last week that Chu- 1ubusco, México’s largest private studios, may be forced to shut down. Churubuscv, owner César Santos Galindo said the studios has lost $1,365,000 since it open- ed in 1946. Tepetac, México’s other big private studios, is also reportedly in financial straits and planning to sell its lands for a residential de- velopment. The Motion Picture Workers Union said it had submitted a plan to the Government calling for broad financial aid to private stu- dios. At the same time, Eduardo Gar. — Dr. J. A. ‘Mora to Make Tour of Central America WASHINGTON, May 21 (UP)— The Secretary General of the Or- ganization of American States (O AS) Dr. José A. Mora, will leave this capital on May 30th for a two week visit to Central America, with stop over in México, This information was released at the OAS, Mora will be accompanied in his tour by Alejandro Orfila, Direc- tor of Public Information of the Organization. Mora and Orfila have the inten- tion of attending the inaugural ses- sion of the First Regional Seminar on Social Affairs, which will be celebrated in Honduras’ capital, Tegucigalpa; and then visiting Ni- caragua, El Salvador, Costa Rica and Panama, Orfila will return, lat- er, to Guatemala for a three weeks stay. The Guatemalan government asked him to go there and help in the reorganization of the Public Affairs Institute. According to the OAS, the sche- dule of the trip will be:Mora and Orfila will leave Washington on May 30, arriving at the Mexican capital at 6:30 p. m.; leave México on June ist. for Guatemala. They will leave Guatemala on the 3rd. for El Salvador, from where they will go, on.June 5, to Tegucigalpa; from Tegucigalpa, on June 7th to Managua, Nicaragua; leaving Ma- nagua on June 9th they will reach San José, Costa Rica, the same day; and leave from there on the 11th for Panama. On June 13th. Mora returns to Washington, while Orfi- la will go to Guatemala. Campa Entertains in Celebration of Cuban Anniversary WASHINGTON, May 21 (UP)— Ambassador Miguel Angel Campa of Cuba celebrated his country’s independence anniversary last night with a huge reception at the Embassy residence. High United States officials, |members of Congress and the Ci- ty’s Diplomatic Corps crowded the large halls of the old residential mansion. Many took advantage of the pleasant spring weather to sit in the back garden where an addi- tional bar and dinner tables were set up, The guests were received by the silver-haired Ambassador and his daughter, Sefiora de Averhoff, wife of the Embassy’s Minister Counse- lor. The first arivals included Act- ing Assistant Secretary of State Roy R. Rubottom, Panamanian Am- bassador Ricardo Arias, Uruguay- an Ambassador Julio A. LaCarte and Ecuadorean Ambassador José R. Chiriboga. dufio, director of the National Ci- nematographic Bamk, indicated the Bank may come to the aid of the industry with additional capital. He said the industry “with proper fi- nancing,” can produce many more than the present 100 pictures year. ARMS CONTRABAND NUEVO LARDEO, México (UP) —Customs agents announced here they uncovered 40,000 rounds of contraband ammunition in a de- serted farmhouse near the Rio Grande. In addition to the ammunition, mostly .22 caliber shells, the agents discovered a number of knives and rifles, MEXICAN STUDIOS WILL CLOSE MEXICO CITY (UP)— Churu- busco Studios, México’s largest mo- tion picture studio, may be forced to'close because of financial troub- I es, Owner César Santos Galindo said Member Inter American Press Associction e For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity NUMBER 262 Army Seizes Control in Haiti, Imposes Martial Law, Dusk-to-Dawn Curfew GOVT. EXECUTIVE COUNCIL MEMBERS, POLITICAL LEADERS GO INTO HIDING New Provisional President to be chosen, Arrangements made PORT AU PRINCE, Haiti, May 21 (UP)— (Censored) — The Ar- my seized control of the country, imposed martial law and set a dusk-to-dawn curfew today. The military move followed yes- terday’s decision to fire army chief of staff Brig. Gen. Leén Cantave, and replace him with Port au Prince Police Chief Col. Pierre Armand. Army leaders refused to accept this decision and announced it was taking over Haiti following a 12- hour conference at the military headquarters opposite the National Palace. A> proclamation was issued de- claring that Cantave’s dismissal was illegal and that the civilian govern- ment was ended. Signed by 10 high-ranking officers, including Armand, it said all were loyal to the new military regime. In a separate letter broadcast with the proclamation, Armand de-| 13. clined the offered promotion, say- ing he did not want to create army disunity. : The 10 ministers of the Execu- tive Council, which had been run- for “free” elections ning the country until elections can be held to choose a new Presi- dent, went into hiding along with some opposition politicians folZow- ing the Army move. The Army proclamation contend- ed that the Executive Council had no right to fire Cantave. It said such a move was illegal because he had not served his stipulated 2- year term. It added that the Executive Council was unable to maintain peace in this island of 4,000,000 inhabitants, and that the army was the only force capable of doing so. It also said the Army would con vene a caucus of one representa- tive from each of Haiti’s five de- partments to choose a Provisional President and to arrange “free” elections. The military closed al! registra- tion offices where citizens had been registering to vote since May Business and commerce slowed down following the army seizure of power, but the capital of Port au Prince was quiet last night and this morning. Eximbank Mission Goes to Argentina Next Week to Study Loan Allocation WASHINGTON, May 21 (UP)— Vance Brand, a director of the Ex- port-Import Bank will leave for Buenos Aires mext week with the intention of studying the alloca- tion among private, as well as gov- ernment agencies, of the balance of a $100,000,000 loan his bank made. Brand will head a three-man mis- sion to Argentina. He is the direc- tor of the bank who negotiated the allocation of the first $56,000,000 of the loan. Most of that money went to- ward the purchase of Diesel loco- motives and railroad equipment. Reliable sources told the United Press that in pursuance of its po- licy to stimulate private enterprise, the Bank will seek to channel some of the remaining money to private sources. They said that among the projects under consideration for financing out of the remaiining $44,000,000 are: 1, The modernization of the Bue- nos Aires streetcar system; 2. The purchase of highway equipment by both public and pri- vate agencies; 3. Joint private and government. sequisition of commercial aircraft. The mission will also discuss Ar- gentine requests for new loans spe- cifically to help develop power, it was reported, But much study of the highly complex issue would be needed, officials said. Formal negotiations on new loans would require that a uew Argentine economic mission, simi- the studios have lost $1,365,000 since opening in 1946 and condi- tions are “becoming worse.” i CUBAN EXILES TO HUNGER STRIKE NEW YORK (UP)— Angel Pé- rez Vidal and Pablo Diaz Gonza- lez, Cuban exiles, announced. that with other Cubans they will start Saturday “a hunger strike in front of the United Nations.” Pérez Vidal and Diaz Gonzélez, who represente in New York the) “26 of July” group headed by re-) bel chief Fidel Castro, said they) will continue fasting and marching) until the United Nations consider | a document they submitted on March 10 to an official of the U. N. Secretariat, “In that document — Pérez Vi-. dal said — we refer to violations! of human rights by the Batista Government ,and we ask for an investigation.” They added that they will march | day and night, without eating and without drinking water, Jar to the one headed by Dr. Car- los Coll Benegas that negotiated the transportation loan last year, come to Washington, Brand is scheduled to leave here by plane on May 26 and to arrive in Buenos Aires the follow- ing day. He will be accompanied by John Cady, a bank economist, and Robert Moorman, an engineer. The bank director declined to comment on the nature of the mis- sion, other than that it will consid- er allocating the remainder of the transportation loan. , He said he was looking forward to meeting again with Adalberto Krieger Vassena, the new Argen- tine Finance Minister, whom he called “a very good friend.” Krie- ger Vassena recently succeeded Ro- berto Verrier, who is now men- tioned as a possible successor of Adolfo A. Vicchi as Argentine Am- bassador to the United States. The new Fimance Minister first met Brand when he was a member of the Coll Benegas mission. Brand mission will be the third economie group to visit Argentina during the iast few weeks. The last one to complete a study of the Argentine financial situation was an international Monetary Fund group headed by Jorge del Canto, chief of the Western Hemisphere Department of the Fund. A few weeks earlier, a World Bank mis- sion began a thorough study of the Argentine economic situation. hat group was headed by Lin- oln Sanderlin.