Diario las Américas Newspaper, September 14, 1956, Page 8

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 4th YEAR G. A. SAN ROMAN C. W. SMITH Ss. SMITBR President Vice President Vice President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Publisher Antonio Ruiz Managing Editor Published daily except Monday — Entered as second class grr at the Post ofr ice of Miami Springs. ET TS EDITORIAL ANNIVERSARY OF GREAT MORAL AND LT HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE FOR NICARAGUA! LS AND CENTRAL AMERICA me Today, September 14, the Nicaraguan people | commemorate, together w the centenary of the historic battle of “San J acinto”, | which resulted in complete and final defeat for the, buccaneers that had invaded her national territory, in the promotion of foreign interests, with purposes incompatible with the feelings and dignity of Nica- raguans, and also incompatible with the authentic way of thinking and feeling of the country of origin | of those buccanners, who went from the United States to Central America with aims of conquest. Outstanding representatives of United States} nationality condemned that abuse in the part of a group which, with angen gules of oot dae i litical adventure, under William Walker, who | 1 int , igen have, of course, any official representation | jou’ Majesties of Spain. The from the United States. A real honor for this coun- try—the United States—is the attitude of those who, in the name of justice actions of those who, violating Nicaraguan sover- eignty, tried to establish a regime which found open resistance from patriots and generals like José Tri- nidad Mufioz, at the beginning, and José Dolores Estrada, later. “Had Mufioz not died in August, 1855—says a distinguished Central American his- torian—very few pages would have been occupied | by Walker in the history The struggle called episodes of great significance in Nicaraguan and Central American history. heroism. nationalities are this foreign soldier of fortune who lacked ideals, with a high sense of patriotic responsibility, and with the same sense of responsibility and solidarity, the peoples of Central America supported their Ni- caraguan brothers, until victory was achieved, until complete recovery was obtained at the “San Jacinto Hacienda” on September was Variquished by the Central American soldiers under the able leadership of José Dolores Estrada, hero of that battle. This year has been consecrated in all the five Central American Republics to exalt that victory, and in Nicaragua it is called by official and popular acclaim “Year of José Dol to the memory of the hero and in recognition of the great merits of that Nicaraguan soldier. Outstanding example of solidarity was that of the Central American nations which came to back one of them, seriously threatened, whose collapse would have resulted in the fall, later, of the whole isthmus, under the yoke be that this example of what can be accomplished under the protection of unity would serve as encour- agement to attain, in the future, the return to the Big Fatherland, constituted by the five States which, in essence, are a single Nation. In this glorious date THE AMERICAS DAILY pays homage of respect- ful admiration to the memory of the great patriots who, in One form or another, defended their national sovereignity and Central specially the memory of General José Dolores Estra- da, and also expresses satisfaction in that, episodes of this nature do not have, anymore, a place in American soil, as the United States and the Latin American Republics have created norms of a jur- idical way of life and human understanding, which have eliminated, by means of generous and construc- tive comprehension, all risks of conflict or friction among the members of the great continental family. Vice President, Editor and Manager HORACIO AGUIRRE | Eliseo Riera-Gomez | Advertising and Circulation Mgr. Fla, on February & 1956, ith all Central Americans, and law, condemned the of Nicaragua.” “National War” marked | With Sacrifice and forged. Nicaragua faced 14, 1856, when the enemy ores Estrada”, as a tribute of the filibusters. May it of Nicaraguan patriotism, American dignity, Britain Insists She Has Rights Over Disputed British Honduras WASHINGTON, Sept. 13. (UP) Great Britain reiterated its sover- eigaity on British Honduras at the Organization of American States (OAS) in view of the new reclama- tions made by Guatemala about that British possession. The British stand, it was an- nounced, is contained in a note | from the British Embassy, dated on August 14€h. and addressed to the Secretaty General of the OAS, Jo- sé A. Mora. The note was made known dur- ing a meeting of the Council of the OAS. Guatemalan Ambassador, José | Luis Cruz Salazar, denounced Great Britain at the meeting, for using the OAS as a rostrum to expound her view points; and Mora for ac- | eepting the document, i i Great Britain rejected a decision reached at by the Conference on Conservation of Natural Resources, favored by the OAS, which includ- ed a Guatemalan declaration in which the sovereignity of said coun- itry over British Honduras, also known as Belize, was claimed. The British Embassy note says in part: “His Majesty Government can not accept the Guatemalan declara- tion and wish to point out that Sritish Honduras has been and it is integral part of the British Com- monwealth.” P Cruz Salazar energically attack- jed Great Britain for taking the matter to the OAS instead of pre- senting the problem to his Govern- ment through the British Ambas- For a better understanding Miami Springs, Fla., Friday, September 14, 1956 WASHINGTON, Sept. 13—(UP) Chile has expressed the hope that something similar to the Marshall Plan will result from conversations starting here next week, tending to make more effective the work of the Organization of American States. Dario Saint Marie, editor of “La Nacion” of Santiago and personal representative of President Carlos Ibafez in the Special Committee KNOW THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ PUERTO RICO — Christopher Columbus discovered the island voyage to the New World, and on November 19, 1493, he took pos- session of it in the name of Their settlement of the island, however was started much later by Juan Ponce de Leén, later discoverer of Florida and famed for his search for the Fountain of Youth. In the year 1508, Ponce de Leén founded the city of San Juan, present day capital of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico. During four centuries settlers kept coming to Puerto Rico from Spain while the Indian population of the island gradually disappear- ed, mainly as the result of absorp- tion into the white Spanish and early Negro population, the latter brought from Africa under slavery to work in the plantations, For four centuries also, Puerto Rico was a part of the Spanish overseas Empire. In 1812 it was given the rank of Province of provinces in the Iberian Peninsula. In 1897, Puerto Rico was granted by the Spanish Crown a constitu- tion, under which it would have ecome a virtual Dominion. Soon after, however, during the Spanish American War, the United States occupied Puerto Rico amd under the Treaty of Paris, proclaimed on April 11, 1899, Spain ceded sover- ingty over Puerto Rico to the Unit- ed States. In that manner the Span- ish Empire lost its last foothold in the Western Hemisphere. Today Puerto Rico is self-gov- erning, under a constitution draft- ed by a Constitutional Convention and approved by a great majority of the island voters in a referen- dum. It was also ratified by the Congress of the United States and approved by the President. This constitution went into effect on July 25, 1952, and was the culmina- tion of 52 years of steadily in- creasing local autcnomy. Major advances were made in 1917, when the Puerto Ricans were declared to be citizens of the United States, and the legislature became wholly elected by popular vote. In 1946, President Harry S. Tru- man appointed the first Puerto Ric- an to be governor of the island, and in 1948, in accordance with an act of the Congress of the United States, the people of Puerto Rico elected their own governor for the first time. The act of authorizing full autonomy in island affairs un- der their own constitution was ap- proved by Congress in 1950 and ratified by voters in a referendum in June, 1951. The constitution, es- tablishing Puerto Rico as a “Com- monwealth” of the United States, was approved in a referendum which took place in the island on March 3, 1952, and President Tru- man signed a Congressional Act of Ratification on July 3, 1952. Under this constitution, Puerto Rico has most of the powers and responsibilities of a State of the Union, major exceptions being that Puerto Rico’s residents are not sub- ject to Federal taxes and do not have voting representation in the Congress of the United States, nor have they the right to vote for Pre- sident and Vice President of the United States, The Puerto Rican Constitution is in complete harmony with the United States constitution in po- litical fundamentals and follows the Federal Constitution closely in providing executive, legislative and judicial branches of government, with a system of checks and bal- ances. Among the unusual features are a specific guarantee of free- dom of the press and a provision guaranteeing bona - fide minority political parties representation in the House and the Senate, even when they fail'to win a majority of the votes for a particular con- test. sador at the Guatemalan capital. Spanish Version Page 3 Latin America Needs a Marshall Plan’, Chilean Representative Declares of Puerto Rico during his second | Spain, om equal basis with all the | formed at the suggestion of Pre- | sident Dwight D. Eisenhower to | study the problem, received news- papermen to explain his opinion on the meeting. “We have neither. racial nor re- ligious problems in Latin America | — remarked Saint Marie — our problems are economic, to raise the standard of living of our peo- ples. “To solve them — he added, — it is necessary to count on quick |and effective aid from the United |States. There will be much to talk jabout. For that reason I have come to Washington to find the way |to do it.” Saint Marie said he did not bring any concrete proposals, but only came to exchange ideas, which may be traduced in action. “The United States want to give and we want to receive, but the| question is how,” Saint Marie said. He pointed out that the United States already has assistance agen- cies such as the Export Import Bank, but he added that its projects do not progress. The Chilean envoy stated that inflation is the most serious pro- blem of most of the Latin Ameri- can countries, including Chile, and it was then that he expressed hope that a plan similar to the Marshall Plan can be created for Latin Ame- rica. “In Latin America we cannot un- derstand why there has not been something like the Marshall Plan for us,” declared Saint Marie. He then criticized that, in ecer- tain circles, fear is expressed that capital investments in Latin Ameri- can are not offered sufficient gua- rantees. “The only danger is in- flation,” said the Chilean envoy, adding that U. S. capital goes to Asia and North Africa, where risks | are greater, but it does not look} for Latin America in the same man- ner. Saint Marie said also that the Organization of American State should change objectives and pro- cedures, and that he plans to speak about that at next week’s meeting. - ALONSO LARES GRAVELY ILL NEW YORK, Sept. 13—(UP) — It was announced at the Flushing Hospital that the condition of Alon- so Lares, am official of the Vene- zuelan Consulate in this city, con- tinues tobe critical. Lares, ex-manager of the “Dia- rio de Nueva York” (Nnew York Daily) has his brother Arturo, who came to New York from Caracas as soon as he learned of his brother's | illness, at his bedside. Arturo La- | res is a high official of the Ministry | of Foreign Relations of Venezuela. THIRTEEN MEXICANS DIE IN ACCIDENT PUEBLA, México. Sept. 13 — (UP) Thirteen persons died and | twenty were injured, some of them | critically, when a passenger bus | toppled down from a height of 60 | meters (about 228 feet) from the road Tuxpan to México’s capital. The accident was due to a wash- out on the road. HEMISPHERIC EVENTS DESIGNATES SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador — (UP) The National Assembly has elected three presidential design- ates (vice presidents) to serve un- der President-elect José Maria Lemus, who is scheduled to take office on Friday. Dr. Victor M. Esquivel, presi- dent of the National Assembly, was elected as First Designate; Alfon- so Alvarez Lemus as Second De- signate and Dr. Humberto Escapi- ni as Third Desinate. A noted physician, Escapini is in line to be Lemus’ Minister of Health. RUSSIANS ADMIRE MEXICAN INDUSTRY MEXICO CITY—(UP) Russia is willing to disclose the location and extent of her radioactive mineral reserves, according to D. I. Sher- bakov, head of the Russian delega- tion to the 20th. International Geo- logical Congress, meeting here. Speaking at a news conference Sherbakov said he “assumes” there is no political difficulty standing in the way of preparing a world mineral map, since delegates from 70 nations attending the congress have approved the proposal. Sherbakov said htere is really no point to nor any methods of hiding “Increase Trade With México”, Canada Told MONTREAL, Sept. 13—(UP) — The Mercantile Bank of Canada ad- vised the Canadian Producers and Manufacturers to take advantage of “México’s intense program of eco- nomic development” to increase the commercial interchange betwen the two countries. In a pamphlet titled “Meet Mé- xico,” the Bank points out that | Canada is in good position to sup- | ply a great part of the merchandise | that México now gets in the United States, and advises Canada’s mer- chants to study, at the same time, the possibilities for Mexican agri- cultural and mineral products. México’s economy is at present propitious “for the Canadian ex- ports, especially raw materials, se- mi-manufactured articles, machin- ery and industrial equipment” says the pamphlet. It also points out that thefe are not restrictions in México against foreign currency balances and that their reserves of gold and foreign currency balances have reached the highest level of her history. “Although México have very oft- en an unfavorable commercial bal- ance with other countries, her international payments show a favorable balance on incomes that she has from non commercial sour- ces, as the money spent by tourist in México and remittances made by Mexican farms laborers who go to the U. S, temporarily during crop time,” says the pamphlet. The pamphlet also shows that the volume of Canadian Trade with México is “extremely low,” com- pared with Mexican imports from the United States. “Canada export- ed to México, in 1955, products aad merchandise valued at 37 mil- lions dollars only, while the United States exports to México, during the same period, amounted to 700 millions dollars,” says the pamph- let. COFFEE WORLD PRODUCTION UP UNITED NATIONS, Sept. 13— (UP)— It is probable that the world coffee production, during the present year, will reach a total of 44 million bags, according to the United Nations Food and Agri- culture Organization (FAO). Such a level of production would represent an increase of 7 per cent over the figures of 1954-1955 and 13 per cent higher than the mean average of 1950-1953. The prediction was made by FAO. in its publication “State of Food and Agriculture”, which just came out of press. It adds that the 1955-1956 prod- uction would have been bigger; but the crops were adversely af- fected by bad weather in Colom- bia and Central America, causing a substantial disminution of their production. On the other hand —according to the report— production conti- nues aumenting in Africa and other regions of the world, while in Brazil the 1955-56 crop of 23,- 300,000 bags established a level without precedent in the post-war period. radio minerals today. He said the first session of the sub-committee which will prepare the map will be in 1958 and he foresees no political obstacles to carrying out the work. The Russian delegation, which has toured Mexican mining and petroleum works, was especially impressed by the highly trained technicians and modern equipment at the Petroleos Mexicanos refinery in Salamanca, Sherbakov said. EL SALVADOR TO PAY UNITED STATES FIRM SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador —(UP) The Lempa River Hydro- electric Authority was notified formally it must-pay the American contracting firm Jones Construc- tion Co, $1,031,570 by the ruling of an International Court which arbitrated a $3 million dispute be- tween the two parties. The American firm, ‘which built a major dam across the Lempa, was directed to pay the authority $30 thousand. The controversy arose over high construction costs of erecting the El Guayabo dam across the Lempa, which the Jones Company estimat- ed at nearly $2.5 million: On the other hand, the Authority demanded payment of a $400 thou- between the Americas PRESIDENT LOZANO DID NOT RESIGN; HE IS ON LEAVE By United Press An official spokesman for President Julio Lozano of Hon- duras stated here that he has not resigned, but only came to the United States in a vwwo- week leave, to rest and submit to a medical check-up. The spokesman, Honduran Consul General in New York, Juan Funes, came to Miami to meet Lozano Diaz, who arrived by plane from Tegucigalpa. According to the Constitu- tion of Honduras, Lozano left in charge the First Designee to the Presidency, Juan Manuel Galvez, who is Chief Justice of the Hon- duran Supreme Court, Colombian Claims he was Tortured in El Salvador By UNITED PRESS A Colombian national who heads a Miami business firm has charged police in El Salvador beat and tortured him for seven days to get him to sign a false gun-smuggling confession. Juan Maria Issa, who describes himself as an international sales- man, repudiated the confession Wednesday and denied he ever shipped arms from Miami to Latin America. Maria said he was arrested on July 3 in San Salvador and charg- ed with smuggling 60 pistols from Miami to be used against the Dom- inican Republic. He said he was taken to a dun- geon where “they beat and tortur- ed me for seven days and nights. During all that time I was without food. I lost 40 pounds.” He said his captors asked him to sign various documents and se- veral blank sheets of paper. “I would have signed anything,” Maria related, “I admitted anything and everything as fast as it was asked.” The Salvadorean police announc- ed in July that Maria “confessed” he had purchased pistols in Miami with the intention of selling them to Sergio del Toro a diplomatic representative of the Dominican Republic. The El Salvador officials identified Del Toro as a secret agent of anti - Trujillo Caribbean Legion. Maria is in hot water with U. S. customs officials on the smuggling count. He was arrested as he re- turned to. Miami recently and charged with violations of the law prohibiting export of arms without a permit. sand penalty against the company for delaying completion of the dam one year beyond the contracted date. 7 American newspaper publisher Capus M. Waynick, of Raleigh, N. C., represented the Jones Construc- tion Co, in the arbitral court; Sol Castellanos, a former Finance Min- ister of El Salvador, represented the authority. Mexican attorney Eduardo Suarez presided over the court. Waynick was formerly U. S. Ambassador to Nicaragua. FIGUERES APPOINTS HIS REPRESENTATIVE MEXICO CITY —(UP)— Costa Rican President José Figueres an- nounced the appointment of Dr. Rodrigo Facio as his special re- presentative on President Eisen- hower’s Committee to study eco- nomic, technical and social pro- blems of the American Republics. Facio, Rector of the University of Costa Rica, and Mrs. Facio are accompnaying president and Mrs. Figueres in their current tour of México and Europe. Figueres lauded Dr. Facio as an “outstanding economist who will be able to offer much” to the committee suggested by Eisenhow- er at the recent Panama Con- ference of American Presidents. Venezuela can Increase Production Half a Million Barrels ‘Says Venezuelan Mines and Petroleum Minister Luongo Cabello in Caracas n Oil Increase Needed in CARACAS, Sept. 13—(UP)— Mines and Petroleum Minister Ed- mundo Luongo Cabello said, refer- ring to the posible consequences of the Suez Canal crisis on the world oil industry, that “Venezuela can increase her production in 500,- | 000 barrels.” Observers in the Venezuelan oil industry, however, believe it is dif- ficult to predict the time required to achieve that increase, Venezuelan oil production during the last six months has reached an average of 2,364,000 barrels per day. In weighing the prospects of in- crease, the experts stress two fac- tors: i First: The declaration of the Min- ister made before the granting of new concession on a zone of 171,- 703 hectareas covered by the waters of Lake Maracaibo. Second: Technicians consider that any increase must come from the new concessions located near current production centers, because the majority of the U. S. companies are working almost at full produc- tion capacity. When the Suez crisis started, prospects of Venezuelan oil were analyzed as well as the role it can play if there is an interruption of transportation through the Canal to Europe of Arabian oil, main Venezuelan competitor. Later, de- velopments seem to indicate that a solution may be reached. without | interference with the petroleum in- | dustry. The statements of Luongo Ca- bello were made in answer to questions from newspapermen For Liberty, Culture and Hemispheric Solidarity Member Inter American Press Association NUMBER 57 Industry Case of Emergency Estimated in Over 800,000 Barrels when he arrived at the Presidential Palace. A reliable source in the oil in- dustry declared today to the Unit- ed Press that the oil companies with agents or representatives in New York probably will study in that city the need for an increase in Venezuelan production, if other producing centers are not capable to cope with current demands. A GREAT INCREASE IS NECESSARY WASHINGTON, Sept. 13—(UP) Venezuela, Canada and the United States would have to increase oil production in 800,000 barrels per day to cope with the needs of Eu- rope and the United States if the Suez Canal is closed. According to well informed cir- cles in Washington, this conclusion has been’reached by the main ‘il companies with international bran- ches, which have been in consulta-- tion with the government for sever- al weeks, in order to-agree on a plan of action in case of emergen- cy. From the above mentioned quan- tity, 500,000 barrels a day would be destined to Europe and 300,000 to the Pacific coast of the United States. According to expert estimates, Europe would receive, besides, 850,000 barrels through the pipe- lines in the Near East, and about 700,000 barrels from tankers going around the Cape of Good Hope. However, in case of sabotage in the pipelines, Western Hemisphere production would have to be in- creased in 1,200,000 barrels per day according to the experts. WASHINGTON, Sept. 13—(UP) Spokesmen of five agricultural or- ganization are supporting Cuba and México on the struglle against a plan to establish quotas on the im- port of henequén and sisal cordage in this country. They urged the Office of Defense Mobilization to reject allegations of local cordage manufacturers that imports are endangering national security. The President of the National Farmers Union, James G. ‘Patton, rejecting assertions of the local manufacturers that Cuba, México and Canada cannot be trusted to satisfy the needs of the national market in times of war, said: “The |figures in their own documents show that this is not. What true would have happened to the United | Latin American News in Brief He said he had directed Facio especially to seek a formula for stabilizing prices of such products as coffee and cacao which are ex- ported by both México and Costa Rica. PRIVATE ENTERPRISE IN ARGENTINA WASHINGTON —(UP) Jorge Carnicero, chairman of the Board of California Eastern Airways, In- corporated, said that the reutrn of commercial aviation in Argenti- na to private enterprise will give that country the leadership in the industry that it deserves. Carnicero at one time was tech- nical manager for Dodero Airlines of Argentina, but he came to the United States about ten years ago. At the request of the United Press, Carnicero commented on the recent announcement of the form- ation in argentina of a private air- line, Transcontinental, S. A. to serve New York, San Francisco, and the Far East. “The decision to organize Trans- continental, S. A., the new Argen- tine airline, as a privately owned and operated company is a develop- ment of major significance to Ar- Farm Organizations Defend Cuban and Mexican Cordage Industries States if we had not received about one hundred millions in cordage from México? “Moreover, he continued, Méxi- co and Cuba have, besides their raw materials for the manufacutre of cordage for agricultural uses. Where is, then, the help to ma- tional security that can be obtained rejecting from the national mar- kets, and possible ending with the activities of production of those friendly countries which have mo- pilized in the past to help us?” Patton asserted that establishment of import quotas would do more harm than good to national securi- ty of the United States. He cited the effect of the joint defense of the North American region of the hemisphere, the public announce: ments on military preparation and joint operations, civil defense ac- cords, ete. “However, this petition is directed against México, Canada and Cuba, our partners in these initiatives for defense.” Similar feelings were expressed by spokesmen of the organizations National Grange, American Farm Bureau Organization, National Council. of Farmer Cooperatives, and Cooperative League. The Cuban industry, through Jorge S. Casteleiro and Roberto Cano, of the Jarcias Company, of Matanzas, and Dr. Esteban Al- fonso Zalba, of the Cuban Cordage Company, stressed the important role played by the industry in sup- port of the U. S. war effort during World War Il. Casteleiro pointed out that the Cuban fiber is produced in the country, while the U. S. manufact- urer has to bring it from distant regions in Africa, Indonesia and the Philipines, sources which were eut during the last war. Cano pointed out that the Cub- an industry must maintain func- tioris in times of peace in order to be ready to serve in an emergency, United States cordage manufact- urers have urged presidential ac- tion to limit the importation of baler and binder twine from for- eign sources such as México, Cuba, Holland, England and Portugal. -. Spokesman William S, Miles, Jr., of the Peoria Cordage Company contended- in his testimony that failure to impose quotas on twine imports would force the cordage industry to shut down its plants in gentina and to the future of her air transportation system,” Carni- cero said. the continental U. S. and move off shore, production facilities, the labor and «