Diario las Américas Newspaper, July 28, 1955, Page 8

Inter-American News for English- Speaking people 8rd. YEAR Daily For a better understanding between the Americas MIAMI, FLA., THURSDAY, JULY 28, 1955 NUMBER 20 G. A. SAN ROMAN President FRANCISCO AGUIRRE Vice President and Pubhsher S. SMITH Vice Presidest . HORACIO AGUIRRE Editor and Manager Carlos E. Simons Managing Editor Ralph B Rose Advertising Manager EDITORIAL Elisee Riera-Géomes Circulation Manager A TRIBUTE TO PERU | Today, on the twenty eigth of July, the anniver-| sary of Peru’s independence. THE AMERICAS! DAILY very cordially salutes all Peruvian citizens | resident in the United States in recognition of the progress of the Republic of Peru. The life of the people of Peru, so filled with glorious history and ancient legends, has developed Jin the Americas with extraordinary rapidity. The 4 ancient empire of the Incas developed through the colonial stage to the present status of the Republic ot Peru. The significance of that empire, which was the focal point of one of the two great Indian empires, has played an important part on Peruvian historical development. Peru was as important before the conquest by| the Spaniards as after. That nation was as signif- icant during the reign of the Inca civilization and during the flourishing, cultured colonial period as it is now durig the days of the republic when Per- uvians are making efforts to apply their vigorous race to progress and in fusing the colonial customs and culture with contemporary customs and culture. In the economic and commercial field Peru is attaining a magnificent position among the countries ot the hemisphere. In that aspect, particularly in the matter of reciprocal solidarity, the United States ¢ the consumption of that should cooperate with the Peruvian economy for of each others benefit, stimulating in this country nations’ products. ____ Responsible voices, moved by the spirit of Pan- ainericanism, have been heard in the United States, particularly in Congress, defending economic and commercial exchange between the United States and the Latin American republics. For that reason, the attempts to adopt measures to the detriment of the economies of those countries, as occured with goods that directly affected Peru, have not, fortu- nately, materialized. On the contrary, hemispheric solidarity has been reaffirmed, with the rejection of bills that would force the United States to set import restrictions on Latin American products. In commenting on todays glorious anniversary, JHE AMERICAS DAILY congratulates the Per- uvian colony resident in the United States, specially in this city, and particularly extends its good wishes to Peru’s illustrious Ambassador in Washington, Fernando Berckmeyer and the Honorable Fernando Rodriguez Pastor, Consul General in Miami, both able and deserving representatives of their country. Progress of Latin America Largely “ Depends Upon Sound Coffee Industry 40 million people live on coffee exports MONTCLAIR —(UP)— James Tuck, Public Relations director of the Colombian Coffee Producers and the International Coffee Of- fice, stated that the industrial and agricultural progress of 14 Latin American republics depends upon xchange procured from the pffee. jade a speech at New ate Teachers College on prtance of coffee in the in American economy. “Coffee —he said— is Latin merica’s principal export pro- duct. Some 40 million people in 16 Latin American countries de- pend economically upon coffee exportation.” He observed that although the economic progress of that region had been extraordinary during the last fifty years, many Latin Amer- icans have criticized the depen- dence on a single crop economy. “Latin American farmers are not prepared to accept the concept that the prices for their products be fixed at distant markets”. Referring specifically ‘to coffee, | he added: F “The price received by those countries for coffee, when it is Temunerative, is the source of . economic wellbeing in seven re- publics and in another seven it constitutes one of the most im- portant sources of income. From the foreign exchange obtained they build schools, hospitals, brid- ges and roads”, “During recent times the Latin American in general has been mo- tivated by a strong desire for so- cial and material progress. The price of the basic products, such as coffee, cannot be merely con- sidered as a business to obtain profits. Fair prices are the gua- rantee that Latin American prog- ress will continue and Latin Amer- icans are not prepared to sacri- fice that progress”. “To protect that progress and guarantee its continuity, the Na- tional Federation of Colombian Coffee Producers, for example, has been waging a continuous struggle. The result of it can be seen in the Colombian producers”. “As part of that battle Colom- bia vigorously supports the idea of the founding of the Interna- tional Coffee Office. He finished saying that the aims of the office are: “to protect: the farmer, stabilize the world market, and guarantee the consumer abun- dant coffee at a fair price”. SUBSCRIBE TO THE AMERICAS DAILY [every Barros Accepted as Candidate in Turbulent Brazilian Politics (GOV. QUADROS OUT TO CAMPAIGN FOR GENERAL JUAREZ TAVORA Other groups gathering RIO DE JANEIRO (UP)— The presidential election — the most important political event of the year in Brazil, which had been relegated to second place where the international Eucha- ristic Congress was being held here — hit the front line again with the activities of the three principal candidates running NTE KNO THY NEIGHBOR By ANTONIO RUIZ PANAMA. Four and a half century ago when discovery of the Pacific proved the Isthmus of Pa- nama to be the shortest route be- tween the two great oceans, the Spanish colonists dreamed of mak- | Spain’s trade route to “the Columbus’ objective the first place. That was before they realized the immense expanse of the Pacific Ocean, then called “The South Sea”. Also before they discovered the riches of Pert and other West Coast areas of the Americas. After a period of orien- tation and adjustment, they revis- ed their thinking and decided that Panama was the ideal clearing house for Old World-New World trade. The exchange point was Por- tobelo, which for more than a cen- tury became their market place and storehouse. The mule trains brought rich products from the Pacific mines and pastures, and bartered them for the luxury goods from Mother Spain, paintings that still adorn the walls of old Spanish churches and museum, fine fabrics, home accessories;; also artisans for producing useful and ornamental object from the gold and silver mines the colonists were exploit- ing. Pirates of ali nationalities, with headquarters in the West Indies, spoiled most of this by their depradations which centeres largely in Panama, where they blasted the Spanish ports overran the Isthmus and set fire to old Pana once rated as the most magnificent settlement of the con- quistadores. Thus the Spaniards were forced to reroute their trade | around Cape Horn, and accordingly \ deve'yped South America and its west coast a far as Patagonia. Little | Panama lay neglected for nearly! two centuries after having been the center of so much trading activity. THE CALIFORNIA Gold Rush brought to Panama the first pro-| mise of rejuvenation as a world cross roads. The forty-niners trek- hed across the Isthmus in droves and were forced to tarry here for months awaiting sea transporta- tion to the new El Dorado, This increased traffic prompted the building by and American compa- ny of the Panama Railroad, first trans-continental railroad in the Americas, approximately _ fifty miles long, and also one of the most costly in lives and dollars though it quickly made up for the latter in its growing traggics All this brought hope, if not actual riches to Panama. The big bonanza was the Panama Canal which greativ increased the population, brought independence, sanitation, revenue, and greatly enhansed its prest.ge. In both cases, however the actual revenue from such achievements flowed into the hands of their promoters and builders, as is ever the way in foreign invyest- ments. To him who risks must go the vicfits. Panama, as a nation, en- joyed much prestige and some of its luckier sons made reflected profits, but the nation itself amas- sed co great gains. And at this point the Panaman-ans remember- ed the great dream of the Liber- ator, Simon Bolivar, leader in the movement that resulted in free- dom to the’ Northern part of South America, and founder of Great Colombia, which at that time included Panama. Bolivar had alwayc cited Panama as the most strategic area of the Americas, called the Congress of Panama in 1826, which was the first Pan- American conference, and he dreamed of making the Isthmus a in| around General Tavora for the highest ofrice. Two things of importance took place yesterday: a ruling by the Supreme_ Elector- al Board which voted unani- mously to accept the registra- tion of Adhemar de Barros as a candidate and the approval of a sixty-day leave of absence for the governor of Sao Paulo, Janio | Quadros, wio will campaign for General Juarez Tavora, The electoral board rejected the arguments presented by the Barros’ opponents and entered his name for the October third elections. De Barros’ nomination was op- posed on grounds that he is be- ing charged with and prosecuted for embezzlement before a Sao Paulo court. Quadros turned over his duties as governor of Aso Pau- le, to vice-governor Porfirio de Paz, and left by plane to the northern states of Brazil where he is campaigning for General Tavora “as a private citizen”. Meanwhile in Rio, the direc- torship of the National Demo- cratic Union party was getting ready to hold a convention Fri- day in order to decide whether to swing its support towards Tavora — nominated by the So- cialists and Christian Democrats and Milton Campos, member of the National Democratic Union, as a candidate to the vice-pres- idency on the ticket headed by Tavora. Juscelino Kubitschek, can- didate of the Social Democratic party and the Socialist party flew to the state of Espirito Santo to continue his political campaign on which he has al- ready covered over 10,000 kilo- meters by plane. August will be a busy month for electoral events. August 5th will mark the first anniversary of the killing of Ruben Vaz, air members of the palace guard under Vargas, in an attack on newspaperman Carlos Lacerda. Members of the armed forced have prepared public ceremonies | and have requested that elec- tions be postponed. Lacerda, who is now a federal deputy, has openly recommerdec te the Chamber of Deputies that con- stitutional guarantees be sus- pended and October elections be left for a later date. Another anniversary will be | celebrated on August 24th, It is the date when President Vargas shot himself a few hours after his ousting by a group of mi tarymen. It is believed that the | date will be recalled with de- ' monstrations by the Socialist Party under the leadership of Joao Goulart Vargas, protegé of Kubitschek and vice-presidential candidate on the ticket headed by Kubitschek. Goularts’s nomi-. nation has been_strongly oppos- ed by the members of the arme: forces. Paraguayan Schoo Teachers End Training Journey BLOOMINGTON (UP) —Twenty employees of the Mnistry of Edu- cation and Paraguayan elementary ool teachers, headed by Dr. Pro- fir'o Chamorro Garcia have com- pleted a study of elementary school teacher training at the University of Indiana. Paz Estenssoro Arrives in Lima Met at airport by General Odria Lima (UP)— President Victor Paz Estenssoro, of Bolivia, arrived here from La Paz and was greeted at the airport by President Gen- eral Manuel Odria. In spite of bad weather, the city of Lima had a festive air with all streets decorated with the Bolivian colors. The President of Bolivia was cheered by the people of Lima when he and General Odria drove in an open car from the airport to the presidential residence in the government palace. A busy schedule has been ar- | ranged for the visit of the Boli- | vian Chief Executive which comes at the time Peru is celebrating its national holiday. Both presidents will attend the ceremonies and of- ficial acts that will mark the 134th. anniversary of the Peruvian in- dependence, It was unofficially learned that Estenssoro would sign here a con- vention which will put into prac- tice the recommendations recently made by a joint Peruvian-Boli- vian committee for the construc- tion «t a railroad line from Puno to Guaqui and the use of the waters of Titicaca iake in projects of irrigation and electrical energy.) : | NEW AMBASSADOR | CIUDAD TRUJGILLO — Hon- duran Ambassador, Dr. Martin Agiiero, presented his creden- tials to the President of the Do- minican Republic, in an elabo- rate ceremony held at the goy- ernment palace. Doctor Agiiero has been very well received both in the official as well as the social circles of this country. (Editors Note) —Dr. Martin | Agiiero is one of the most dis- tinguished personalities of Cen- | tral America, He has held im- | portant diplomatic posts in va- | rious Central American countries and the Caribbean, such as Ni- caragua, Costa Rica and Panam He served as Honduran Ambas- sador to Costa Rica since 1948 | from where he was transferred a | short while ago to the Dominican Republic, WASHINGTON (UP) — Latin American diplomatic circles have commented on the Geneva con- | ference with general approval in- sofar as its humanitarian aims but they are cautious about analys- ing possible future economic or political consequences It is generally admitted that the Geneva meeting decreased the pos- sibility of a third world war, that it decreased international fears of an “atomic Pearl Harbor” and that it has given the world’s statesmen time to negotiate a new interna- tional system of peace and gradual disarmament. However, some experts are of the opinion that rumerous Latin American countries will wait for more convincing proof that the Red countries are really sincere about abandoning their original objective of global communism be- fore trusting them. Since the second world war, the republics of the Americas aligned themselves with the west in the ‘cold war, although some of them were prepared to promote trade with the countries of the iron cur- tain. Sixteen American republics have outlawed the communist party within their borders and only a few of them have direct diploma- tic relations: with Moscow. All of them have subscribed to the inter- American declarations aimed at dissuading any attempt to propo- | gate communist imperialism in the | western hemisphere. Latin American observers are wondering what effect the propos- | ed cultural exchange program be- tween Russia and the United States will have on Latin American public opinion. The question is if whether the program begun by the U.S. and Russia’ will serve as an incentive fostering similar exchanges with the republics of Latin America Latin America has been hoping that after the vast programs of | economic and technical aid of the U.S. to Asia and Europe, Washing- ton would place greater emphasis on the western hemisphere. Its pos- | sible therefore that if the U. S stressed cooperation with Russia some Latin American republics might be resentful. | _ For that reason Latin American | diplomatic experts believe that in the changing world situation the | OPERATING EXPENSES OF PANAMA. CANAL HIGHER WITH NEW TREATY Figures given by representative of U.S.C.A. | WASHINGTON (UP)— The re- presentative here of the United) | States Citizens Association of the Panama Canal zone said that the United States must spend more than 37.000.000 dollars under the, provisions of the new proposed treaty with Panama plus an addi- | tionat 2.080.000 dollars over the | present annual expenditures. Attorney La Vern Dilweg said he had obtained figures showing {increased costs to the United States if the treaty and memoran- dum now before the Senate is rati- | fied. The annual cost to the United | States would be increased by the following amounts: An additional annuity increase of 1.930.000 dollars in addition to cording to Dilweg, the fair market value of those properites was esti- mated at $24,300,000, however, in the figures he obtained. The net book value of property in the Canal zone rendered ob- solete because of the treaty and memorandum, $877,000. | The cost to the United States to replace or re-locate properties, made necessary by the treaty and memorandum, $12,300,000. This fi- gure, Dilweg said, reflects the in- creased value of new construc- tion which would replace the old. | The net book value of the property to be replaced was listed as $1,- 966,980, but its fair market value was given as $4,743,109. Construction of a bridge at Bal- The visiting group has been in the present 430.000 dollars. Exten- | 04, $20,000,000, plus annual main- the U.S. since June observing the sion of Civil Service retirement! tenance at a cost not given, Al- method used in this country train teachers with a view to adopting some of the methods ' 000,000 dollars per year. Loss of revenue for the United to payments costing an additonal 1- though this bridge is included in | the increased costs which would | result from the treaty and memor- and procedures in a new normal gtates resulting from discontinu-| 224um, actually the United States school which is to be established ance of Rareili sites and services, Committed itself to building it in in Paraguay. The visitors were received at Indiana University by the Presi- ‘dent Dr. Herman b. Wells who is also a member of the executive con.mittee of UNESCO. The members of the visiting group held conferences with the professc*s,@f the school’s educa- tion college Song them Dr. R bert W. Rickey. School teacher director. Before arriving here the visitors possibly amounting to about $300,- 000 annually. | Those three categories would cost the United States an addi- tional $2,800,000 annually. The fixed, non-recurring addi- tional costs to the United, States as various provisions of the treaty Dilweg obtained: The net book value of proper- world trade route, even foreseeing spent two weeks at Muncie India- ties to be conveyed to the Pana- | en inter-ocean canal. (Continued na Teachers College. From here manian government free of charge, tomorrow). Snonish Version Page. 3, _ they will go to Tennessee to visit ‘teacher training schools there, $4,400,000, representing the ori- \ ginal cost minus depreciation, Ac-. an agreement signed with the Pa- namanian government in 1942. Using the figures for the net bock values of the first two of the | foregoing four items, the replace- ment and re-location costs because of increased new construction va- | lues, and the bridge cost, the total - and memorandum are carried out fixed increased costs would amount Elementary Would be, according to the figures to $37,577,000. | Dilweg said that specific Congres- sional legislation would be requir- ed to impletent certain provisions on the treaty and memorandum, in addition to Senate approval of satification of the two documents, LATIN AMERICAN DIPLOMATS EYE RESULTS OF GENEVA CONFERENCE U.S. would simuitaneously accent its programs to promote economic and technological progress with the American republics. Everything seems to indicate that the government of the U.S. will keep the countries of Latin America fully informed about its policy and world plans In what seems destined to be a long period of diplomatic negotia- tions between the great powers, the moral and sometimes* diplomatic support of the Latin American re publics could be more important than before. The value of Pan-American soli- darity in all the crisis of war and threat of war has been recognised A similar solidarity will be useful to the future peace of the world Latin American economic cir- cles are also trying to determine the possible effect of the Geneva conference in regards to the de- mand and the prices of raw ma- terials There is no doubt that if an agreement is reached on disarma- ment, the demand for metals and raw materials for the war industry would be gradually reduced. he question then arises if the demand for agricultural and industrial pro- ducts would increase sufficiently rapidly so as to compensate for the loss that would be suffered by the countries supplying the raw materials for the war industries. Observers point out that the countries of Latin America will be benefited by the expansion of atomic civilian industries, as well as with the financial and techni- cal aid to under developed regions and with possible intensification of trade between east and west. At the present time, the pros- perous economy of the U.S. tends to strengthen the price of a multi- tude of articles, specially the me- tals. Non strategic materials on the other hand are benefited by the high purchasing power of the US and western Europe. To that is attributed the optimism that exists about the future of Inter-Ameri can economic relations. Honduran Writer Winds up Visit to U.S. & Caribbean Book on hemisphere to be published It was our pleasure to receive the visit of the distinguished Hon- duran journalist Antonio Jose Co- ello, at present Publisher and Edi- tor of the mewspaper “Liberacion” of San Pedro Sule, Honduras. Coello is in Miami after having made a tour of the hemisphere related with his latest book which is now being prepared entitled “Cosas y Figuras De America” ngs and Figueres in the Ameri 2s). His visit to Puerto Rico, Hai- ti and the Dominican Republic concluded he will now return to Honduras. In addition to nis literary and journalistic pursuits he has served as a diplomat-in Guatemala, Bra- zil and Uruguay. Coello made the following de- claration to one of our reporters: “Upon my return from a Carib- bean tour, in which I visited Puer- te Rico, the Dominican Republic and Hait, the onty countries of America which remained to com- plete a book entitled “Cosas y Fignras de America which I am to |publ'sh, containing accounts of the more interesting events of the hemisphere and interviews with most of the American presidents, it has been a pleasure for me to visit this newspaper, THE AMERI- CAS DAILY, which is so efficient- ly divected by our friends, Drs.) Francisco and Horacio Aguirre, | ‘very well known in Central Ameri- ca, and who are doing a magnifi- cent work for the benefit of our countries and the United States. This work is truly meritorious, spe- cially if we take into considera- tion the difficulties which are en. countered. But we are certain that this work will be truly fruitful since THE AMERICAS DAILY is effectively making known the true state of the Latin American coun tries something that wans relative specixily in relation with his forth coming book, |MIAMIS SOCIAL SPOTLIGHT By MARTHA LUMMUO OPERA BALL Anual Opera Ball of the Opera Guild of Miami isn’t scheduled un- til Dec. 10, but members already are making plans for this brilliant event, which will take place at Leone’s Restaurant. Mrs. Charles Moon and Mrs. William Stubble- field will co-chairman the ball and they are being assisted by a com- mittee of 20 women. AND IN OCTOBER gland on Sept. 30 are Mrs. Russell Wykoff and Mrs. Frank Dunbaugh. The Miami ma- trons will remain for six weeks and will vesit 11 countries, includ- ing Holand, Switzerland, France, Italy, Germany and Belgium. Mr. Dunbaugh holds an important post in Miami with the United Na- tions. THEY COME AND GO Some are returning from vaca- tions — others just going Mrs. Gene Mayes is home, after two months in her former home — Al- bany, Georgia. Mrs. Elizabeth Loomis has left her Miami home for a visit with her long-time friend, Mrs. Jack Pero, daughter fo Miami's first mayor. WEDDING ANNOUNCED Friends of Mrs. Dorothy Adam- son Chinn of Coral Gables and Major William Richardson Gunby, Field Artillery, Retired, Army of the United States, are i announcements of their marriage, which took place in Bradenton, Flerida on June 16. The Gunbys wil? be at home after August 1 at 2601 Hernando St., Coral Gables, Fla. JEUNION IN VIENNA And speaking of opera, seems as how “Mr. Opera of Miami”, Ar- turo di Filippi and his wife, and the Edwin J. Wenndorfs mf La Gorce Island, Miami Beach, are having a whirl in Vienne. The foursome saw a performance of “The Merry Widow,” of which they write glowing reports, and they also have much to say about the gorgeous new opera house which is to open in Vienna on Nov. 5, TALENTED MIAMI MISS A Miami miss — Jacqueline May by name — seems right on the verge of success in Hollywood, with a top role in forthcoming TV film having been granted her. Jackie, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles May of Coral Gables, started her acting career as an active member of the former Miami Daily News Youth Roundup. When her Dad, who is catering director at the Biscayne Terrace hotel, and her Mom said she colud go to Holly- wood to seek the illusive “big reak,” she started on the long trail. Her first work was behind the cameras, as production assist- ant. But in her film, “The Young Lions,” Jackie will play opposite Richard Boone, one of the indus- try’s top young men. And she’s al- so rehearsing for a stage play in the Pilgrim Playhouse AUTHOR ARRIVES Distinguished visitor here is Chesley Wilson, authro of a hit novel, “Swing Full Circle,” also published in a paper edicion un- der the title “Live and Let Live.” Spending a few days at the Royal York hotel in Miami Beach, Wilson is currently occupied as national director of puble relations for the Beach Club hotel in Naples. SEEING NAPLES Seeing Naples on Florida’s west coast were golfing enthusiasts Mr, and Mrs. J.W. Roozen, 3331 N.W. 19 Terrace, guests at the Bea®h Club hotel. Mr. Roozen is an agent for the Prudential Insurance Co, CHURCH TROUBLES DISCUSSED IN RIO RIO DE JANEIRO (UP)— The conflict between the Catholic church and the Argentine govern- ment is being discussed at a gen- eral conference of the Latin Ame- rican Catholic hierarchy in this city The conference, which is consi- dered to be the most important held up until now in the history of Latin America, began its talks yes- terday behind closed doors. The Catholic conflict in Argen- tina has caused considerable an- xiety in the Vatican and Pope Pius XII mentioned it in his message ‘to the conference last Monday, eee iek _