The San Francisco Call. Newspaper, September 11, 1904, Page 23

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THE SAN FRANCISCO CALL, SUNDAY, SEPTEMBER 11, 1904. THE SALOON AND THE BISHOP BY THE REV. BRADFORD LEAVITT, Pastor First Unitarian Church RE has been a good dea!] e d spoken in press| 1e wisdom v Bishop Pot- | 5 fev eks ago in open his new resort, ibway Tavern,” is m of Bleecker and n New York City, lean and who lit- jere a man ed to drink L € han ¥ where the ik e best of their kind ,~and where every urage drunkenness. ated the place by and leading the “Praise God From " He de- his address tavern was the greatest sodal New York has ever this New York. for responsible, as I de trained in cially to be ¢ itude of men who become them? through with work other place go, I > one of my ¢ But lives in two roc with five chi'r‘rnn where is By i necessity ® to e saloon so the man his seli- going to Potter dedicz f the my vitable y bad without you that losing do you are rance question is as now as 1t was , with the addition years agq & him into the | that false methods have bred a large | studied the conditions on the ground amount of hypocrisv.” long ago, at a corvention of piscopal church, Bishop Potter reiterated in vigorous fashion his views on this great temperance ques- He urged that the time” had tion. come for a frank, honest considera- tion ofi the whole question. He summed up his position in these words: “You will gather from this w superficial, how utterly inhuman and unreasonable I regard a great deal of that often well-intentioned zeal which women criminate And if I noth you virtuous bv a law repressfon. I do. I do. am sent here of God for else I am sent here to tell to entreat you to discern g and that most of our methods of dealing | with the drink evil are tainted with falsehood, dishonored by unreality and discredited by widespread and nsistent failure.” Brave words these; but they natu- rally aroused the ire of those who believe that the only way to cure the evil is by prohibition; and imme- diately these one-idea people began scolding and abusing the good Bishop and some of them told him ip ‘no uncertain terms that his teaching is immoral; that he does not know what he 1s talking about; that if he would understand the dreadful evils of in- temperance he should get out of his study and go down into the slums of the city and see the poor mother of seven children waiting and weeping for the return of her drunken hus- band. As though Bishop Potter did | not know all this and more! Perhaps { his accusers do not know that the i reverend gentleman has not only seeks to make men and | of undis- ! | ter, nor yet to praise him. | about for many years, but has himself lived all through a hot summer in a slum tenement. It would seem to be the part of wisdom for thoughtful people, un- prejudiced and honest, and fair men and women, neither to “pitch into” Bishop Potter for what he has said and done in this subway saloon mat- Nobody knows how it will turn out.: It may prove to be a step in the right direc- tion—nothing more is. claimed for it —or it may amount to nothin:. We can afford to wait before pronouncing judgment. There are in the world a good many persons who are not thoughtful and fair 'and modest in thejr: notions. They think they know better - than other folk how to live and they are consumed by a desire to:put down erroneous views and.make people live their way. The wisest .leaders in the country in the fields "of science, education and religion are sharply criticized on ' account of utterances temperance and total absti- nence. No one would think of ques- tioning the honesty and . sigcerity of | these men, but their views:ou the subject of the use of ‘alcohol do not meet with the approval of the: folk who know better how to live, and they, therefore. administer good smart reproof, to these distinguishe@l gentlemen because they will not say that alcohol is always and under all circumstances and in all amounts harmful, poisonous and of the devil. We can recall without much effort the din Mrs. Carrie Nation raised in Kansas some time ago. We remem- ber how she lifted up her voice in - 3 -+ | THE REV. BRADFORD LEAVIIT. - L G Viplent, harangue against’ Cardinal Gibbons and his ideas of temperance. The Cardinal advocated high license, strict limitation of saloons and en- forcement of the liquor law. Mrs. Nation deplored the Cardinal’s opin- ions, and assured him that “he is speaking the ssage of the devil—it came straight from hell.” The Car- dinal sees as clearly as Mrs. Nagion the evil that rum “ses in the world, and is as anxious .s she to diminish it. Probably Archbishop Ireland holds much the same opinion as Cardinal Gibbons, for he has spoken in defense of the army canteen; but Mrs. Nation and her kind belong to that considerable number of zealous, well-intentioned people who hold that their way to cure the evils of intem- perance is the only way and that way is to abolish alcohol altogether be- cause it is always, everywhere of the devil. It would be exceedingly comic if it were not so serious and sad to see these devoted reformers assailing with their might those very men who are as earnest as thev in the same cause of temperance; who see as well as they the abuses of drinking, but who do not believe the way to cure the drink evil is by prohibition or by intemperate assertions that are not .| based on truth. President Eliot of Harvard has come in for his share of condemna- tion. He has repeatedly asserted that the attempt to teach total ab- stinence in the public schools of the country has been an injury to the teachings of science and an injury to morality, because ideas concernmg the effect of alcohol upon the body have been taught as undoubted facts, clearly proven, disputed by nobody, which assumed facts, to say the least, are very questionable, are frequently questioned and are seriously disputed by other physiologists and physicians, who declare that the textbooks used | are unscientific and misleading. No sane person who has looked into the matter can doubt that cer- tain indorsed physiologies used for instruction in the public schools _f certain States do a great deal more harm than good. because they assert as facts matters which are disputed on | excellent authority. We have no intention of discussing here the ques- tion whether alcohol is a food. for this is a matter on which at present authorities disagree, but it is certainly prolific of serious harm to teach chil- dren to say, “We know that alcohol is not'a food,” when we know nothing of the kind. If we really must teach young chil- dren about alcohol, for heaven’s sake let us be quite honest about it and teach correctly. If the textbooks should assert that alcohol is danger- ous and should never be taken except | on the prescription of a physician, | few would object to the teaching. But when, for the sake of oroducmg} a moral impression some truth is sup- pressed and some distorted, the good that is intended becomes evil and nerq‘ manent temperance work Teceives a | decided setback. The problem presented by. the evils of mtemp:rate use of alcoholic beve- | rages is a pretty serious one and | people differ a good deal about the | best way to solve it, but one thing | seems tolerably clear and that is that | England. | ies — fects some minds that reason fails to reach, but in the long run no move- ment that is-not based on truth and hard sense can long succeed in this country, and there is no prospect of any apparatus by which the personal liberty of Americans can be restricted beyond a certain point. Liberty, like | charity, begins at home: and as a nation we care even more for per- sonal liberty than for national liberty. We cannot enforce temperance any more than we can enforce religion. We cannot legislate character into men. That calls for means that are not so easy. But while we cannot prevent we can regulate, and from the nature of the case we can apoly reg- ulation more easily and with far less irritation to the sale of drink than to its use. This is the line on which Earl Grey and other temperance workers are bending their efforts in They are trying to win drinkers away from the low grogger- by providing better and less vicious drinking places. This is the line on which Bishop Potter is work- ing. He believes not that the “Sub- way Saloon” is a cure for the drink evil, but he believes it may be a step in the right direction. And it might be well for you and me and the rest of us who haven't a tythe of this man’s knowledge of the problem to | suspend judgment and see what comes of it. In any case, however, it does no good to suppress the truth, | to call names, to attack honorable the trouble will never be cured by dishonesty or misdirected enthusiasm. | The cure will come from knowledge. We must teach persons who drink| what they are about—what sort of an | agent they are dealing with. Din af- | way. men because their way is not our Whatever harnens let us at least respect the opinions of those from whom we differ. and concede to others as much sincerity and hon- esty as we feel ourselves to possess. NORMAL SCHOOL MAKES THE SUCCESSFUL TEACHER | A Large Percentage of California Graduates Now in Active Service. = of the nation is in its is of supreme im- No State allow teachers to viedge of the art of lly slow progress of experience. They n their duties only ¥ ion. In the passed no d so effective for ormal school. ool in the matic in- established 1839. Intense toward this for it was of the wise good teachers , and not made.” Through ence of Horace Mann and eading educators a gift of $10,- secured from a private source condition that the State of ly trained. its was shown was done, the school and was followed by rmals in the same State. The encountered in the first agi- of the project for special educa- of teachers continued for some H the early graduates of the sis everywhere faced preju- sch heir teachers should | ts should appropriate an | was | two | | dice and suspicion and in many cases persistent opposition. Steadily, year by vear, the schools won their way to popular favor and support till at the present time they are maintained in nearly every portion of the United States, not excepting Porto Rico and the Philippines, where at Rio Piedras and Manila, respectively, strong work is being accomplished in the training of native teachers. Every State save two ' has established normal schools and’in these two teachers are taught in the State colleges. Including the private institutions there are now nearly 300 normal schools in the country. California maintains flve normal schools. These have been placed in locations throughout the State where they will be the most accessible to their attending students. Tuition is | free and the only school expenses are a few of nominal amount. Applicants for admission are required to sign a | declaration that his or her purpose is |to secure preparation for teaching | with the intention to teach in the public schools of California. The total annual appropriations by the State for | the five schools exceeds $200,000. The whole number of graduates from | these five schools since their founding | at different periods is nearly 6000, of ,whlvh a large percentage is in active service. | An indispensable department in all normal schools is what is known as a training school. It is composed of children of all grades from the first to the ninth. They are taught by the student teachers of the normal de- partment, whose work is constantly under the close supervision of the fac- {ulty. The new and interesting meth- ods employed, combined with the thoroughness of the joint teaching, have given these training schools such high rank as to make them popular among discriminating parents. To the student teacher this experierfce is of the utmost importance, enabling her to discover and correct mistakes un- der the counsel of able supervisors, to gain Knowledge of child life and to accurately measure her own_ powers before assuming permanent charge of a school. The underlying idea of this work is that “practice makes perfect.” . In point of age the San Jose Nor- mal is the mother of all, having been organized iIn San Francisco in 1862 and removed to San Jose in 1871. Its record for thirty-six years is closely interwoven with the educational. de- velopment of the State, for in every one of its counties some of the 3500 graduates have become a part of its being and strong factors “in its social life. The course of study is broad, covering English, mathematics, his- tory, *science and the discussion of modern educational studies and prob- lems. Manual training, drawing and music receive due attention. ' The li- brafy has 8000 volumes. Not long ago the standard of admission was .so raised as to require the applicant to possess a high school education or its equivalent. A summer school has been maintained for two years with increasing success. Morris E. Dailey is the president. The Los Angeles Normal was or- ganized twenty years later than the San Jose school, in 1882. This met a great want of the southern portion of the State, and its influence on the pub- lic school system has been corre- spondingly large. The school grounds afford a cemmanding view of the city of, ‘Los Angeles. Of ' the -admission standard and ‘courses of study it may be said in general that they are large- iy upon the basis of the San Jose in- stitution. Physical culture in the gymnasium has long been a favorite feature of the currieulum. At present this school has the only State depart- ment for.the training of kindergarten teachers. A course .in domestic sci- ence and art is in operation. It is re. markable that 98 per cent of the 1500 graduates have taught. Jesse F. Mills- paugh, a former noted educator of Minnesota, assumes the presidency of this school at the fall opening. In 1887 the Legislature established | a normal at Chico, upon whose build- 1 of the management being to concen- ings $130,000 have been expended. C.| C. Van Liew has been its president for Ithe best possible professional five years. As the northern section of California has but few high schools, students are admitted at this school by diploma from the ninth grade. At- tractive grounds, a fine museum and excellent library are among the ex- cellent appointments. Nearly 600 stu- dents have graduated. At the extreme southern end of Cali- fornifa a normal school was created in 1897. A tract of sixteen acres overlook- ing the bay of San Diego was given | by the citizens of that city and upon this a building of marked architectural effect was erected for $100,000. The en- rollment of students was surprisingly large, having soon reached 262. One of the novelties connected with this schcol is a rowing association having several rowing crews with young lady cap- tains, rowing an eight-oared barge, who ' practice almost daily on the smooth waters of the bay. Samuel T. Black, ex-State Superintendent of Pu’)- lic Instruction, has been the president since the organization. The most recent of all the five nor- mals is the San Francisco one, organ- ized in 1899, with Frederick Burk as president. This school sharply differ- entiates the other four in its studies. No academic work is given, the aim trate the energies of the faculty upon train- ing. Its training department is under the charge of experienced supervisors and is highly esteemed by the families of San Francisco from which come the grade scholars. None of the 131 grad- uates of the normal school have failed of positions, if willing to take them. The school building is old, :habby, ill- adapted to present needs and is a re- proach to the State of California. The organization of the normal school system of California seems to be ad- mirably adapted to the widely varying wants of different portions of the State. Each normal school has a local board, with the Governor and State Superin- | tendent of Public Instruction as ex- officio members, which can give inteili- gent attention to its minor require- ments, including the election of the instructors upon nomination by the president of the school. This secures desirable independence to each school. Through another board uziformity of policy concerning the standards to be observed and the general management of the schools are obtained. The members of this board consist of the Governor, State Superintendent, the presidents of all the normals and a few others. It is gratifying to record an increasing tendency to hearty co- operation among these authorities. Locally the schools must differ with the diverse environments. Broadly they may unite in measures for the highest interests of the State as a whole. Among other subjects discussed with t* rughtful attention in late years no one has received more care than the determination of the standards of ad- mission to the several schools. There is ample reason “or congratu- lation that the old days when formal and mechanical methods of instruction were esteemed are passing away. It is alreadv recognized in the teaching world that a real teacher must pos- sess three elements of power. He or she must have a certain personality, difficult indeed to describe, but ¢~ im- perative consequence. Broad scholar- ship may be mentioned as a second requisite. upplementin~ these two and without which the highest power cannot scon be realized is a thorough training instruction in the art of teach~ ing. This then is the special, the particu- lar function of the coming normal school. to thoroughly prepare its stu- dents for one of the noblest professions in the world. THE REIGN OF THE NEW WOMAN COMES TO AN END By Kate Thyson Marr is no question of the fact that is doomed She flashed before us with spectacular effect—she threatened to drive the baby trade out of business— end as for “mere man,” there seems but phrase applicable to him in and that is most aptly ex- n the slang of the day—“Go back and sit down.” E affected mannish togs and thought herself the most fetching thing that ever came down the pilice when she donned a Derby hat, a stiff boiled shirt front and robbed her brothers of the latest thing fn four- in-hands. But, after all, “mere man’ makes the fashions for women. No woman will wear anything jch the poor, dear, much abused mere man” does not admire, bu: let the glad light of approval in his eyes and, irrespective of her own likes and dislikes, she is content. Of course, some strong-minded, cut-on- the-blas females will toss their head:s r semently combat this state asserting that they wear what which may be very true, ey wear it with infinitely more re after a gan has approved of s offhend way and remarked, that gown,” particularly If happens to be—*“the man.” the new woman one her see ment ey choose, Womer may insist that they do not '] care for a man's admiration. Well, I would not give a picayune for that kind of woman, because when a woman takes the pains and care to drese and to look her best to please her escort she pays him a compli- ment which he is a brute if he fails to appreciate. The man may be in a business suit himself and mak: his apologies that he had not tha time to go home to dress, but if he found the woman whom he had invited not exactly up-to-date he would feel wretchedly disappointed and hardly care to invite her again. A man likes to feel proud of a woman companion and if she happens to have any one gown in her wardrobe that he jartic- ularly admires and in which he fan- cies she looks her best he is apt to request her to dom that one gown on all occasions, always presupposing that the friendship warrants any com- ments. If he contemplates introduc- ing her to his friends and w'shes her 1o make the most favorable impres- sion then he will be very sure to make such a request. No man ever admired a woman whom he found almost a reproduction of himself. No man ever became sen- timental over a girl in a boiled shirt. Perish the thought! The new woman was too strong minded to stoop to such insane folly as lovemaking. She was a jolly good fellow with whom to play tennis or golf or to take a hand at the oars, and when she balanced herself on a fence rail and smoked a rette with as much aplomb as her g‘r‘o’ther, she was the “best fellow on earth” and the boys liked her, but later when the evening shadows darkened and each and every one be- came sentimental it was the girl in the dainty laces with her coquettish knots of ribbon who listened to the sweet old story in the gloaming. The woman who does not love the dainty little adjuncts of femininity is unsexed. The new woman was most unlovely and unlovable. ,She was full of fads and fancies and repulsive ideas, and above all she was a notoriety seeker. She wanted to flash upon a gaping world like a second-class pyrotechnic display and she fell like it in sparks with nothing left but charred remains. She was more or less a failure in every path she trod. She wished té demon- strate that man was a superfluity in creation’s plan and that woman alone could control the world’s social and economic mechanism, and what a fiz- zle she made of it. Men would have none of her and women failed to con- cur in her high-flown aspirations. She flashed and rumbled like a small ex. plosion, then died away, to be soon forgotten, She was a total, Irretrievable fail- ure. Of course, there are exceptions, but it you will enumerate in your mind the women who endeavored to pose when the new woman craze swept over the land like a desolating cyclone you will find the successful ones too far in the minority to estab- lish a precedent. How many women lawyers have made their office rent? . And vet how many have studied and obtained a diploma? Even women will not em« ploy another woman in such a ca- pacity, because they have no confi- dence in 2 woman's ability. The female doctors would populate a starvation bureau and have regi- ments to spare if they depended upon the patronage of other women. There seems to be but one avenue of success for them, which lies in the jealousy of many husbands, who insist upon a wife being attended by a woman physi- cian, and despite her protests the wife is forced to submit, while hating the professional services of such a one. A woman who studies either medicine or law to assist a father or a husband in his profession is worthy of all praise, and yet many such women have proven wretched handicaps to the practice of those whom they essayed to help. There is something almost repulsive in a woman adopting either calling and this vent for surplus energy seems the result of climatic environment. The women of the Northern and Eastern States trend to this outlet of nervous force. The women of the South are greater home lovers, and Southern men regard it as rather a reflection on their ability to support the feminine family contingent and oppose vigorously any departure on these lines by the women of their households. Throughout the North every woman imagines that she has a career and the energy vitalized by a cold climate finds expression in Dunuu and avoca- tion. The North hibernated the freak fe- males that developed Into the new woman., The suffragists and kindred meddlesome female uggf'egauons are indigenous to Northern soil. It is this idea of independent or emancipated woman that is responsible for the de- cadence of the home. The new woman had no love for home in her heart. She was loud in looks and voice and man- ner, and her failure to impress or to gain a foothold is more or less attri- butable to her own self-assertiveness tHat carried her enthusiasm to such ex- tremes as to relegate it to the realms of absurdities. The tailor-made costume is one of the triumphs of the century and every woman appreciates the cut and finish, and it is the one glory of the new woman fad. If she had but stopped there, but she wanted the whole outfit cut on masculirie lines, and the shirts of the progressive woman of a few years ago were simply horrible. It is hard to determine which is worse, the masculine woman or the effeminate man. There should be an annex built to Hades, where they could both be roped in and made to fight it out. The dash of coquetry that is inborn in every woman will save us in the end from the aggressive encroaching new woman. There will be always that grain of longing for a man's ap- proval and admiration, and every woman who adopts the almost obso- lete methods is more or less at war with herself. There are many women who in the enthusiasm of a new interest espouse | fare and victory. it vehemently, but who would be glad to recede from the position as- sumed could they do so consistently, and there are precious few who have been absolutely disinterested In tneir overweening zeal. The women who travel as delegates for various organizations are often totally unequal to earning one red cent, but they have all their expenses paid, wear swell togs, live at the best hotels and enjoy all the luxuries of life at the expense of their votaries, or dupes, as you may choose to designate them. The thousands and thousands of dollars collected for the cause of frmale suffrage is the potential ex- ample that trumpets its dwn story. The original agitators were really the inciplent germs of the new woman. For years money has been collected from admiring enthuslasts. They have posed conspicuously and emphatically before the public, exploited their views of everything and have lived luxuriously on this kind of gen- teel beggary and have unflaggingly whipped their followers into line. But the reaction came; the new woman was too aggressive, she lost her power through her own over- reaching. Her hand was always out- etretched to grasp everything, she wanted to rule supreme, and man in philosophic mood let out the rope | o wherewith she might hang herself. Opposition would have spurred her on to even more aggressive lengths, but the smile of derision, tempered with indulgence, with which men regarded her flights left no incentive for war- And so the new woman died of malnutrition. Men let her alone, refusing to oppose her, and the consequence was that she gradu- ally receded from the fleld. - The exigencies of sex are the solu~ tions of economic problems. A man wants a woman to love him, and a woman, despite her extravagant whims, wants to be loved. No sane man will ever love or marry a woman wheose brain is a freak bazaar, conse- quently the true womanly lovable woman will always be a mighty factor in the world’s economic system long after the new woman with her fads and fancies and all round freakish- ness has been relegated to the past. ‘With her aping of man's pursuits nd habits and "y cultivation of a mannish swagger, the new woman still lacked his strength, his resolu- tion and, above all, his logic. Neo woman is ever logical or unquestion- ingly reasonable. If she were she would no longer be a woman, but an automaton. It is her caprices that make her lovable or aggravating as the case may be, and the more ca- pricious she may be the more will men adore her. The new woman could never be a | success; her overreaching proclivities deny her the regard of women and de- fraud her of her birthright—the love man; and no matter how loudly may clamor for the prestige en- joyed by men she will be the object f ridicule rather than a shining ex- ample of self-renunciation that she would have us consider her. It is the womanly woman who, in the end, will reign in undisputed sway over the heritage of her little king- dom, her home and the hearts of her husband and children. ENGLISH THE UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE OF THE FUTURE | HAT will be the world lan-| that it will partake of the best features | language upon the world. % guage of the future? That it will be English is of all modern tongues. It is a safe proposition to assume the predidtion of many schol-|that the race which dominates the &rly observers. The Mm mummmmw nyotbetfivfluo@m The English-speaking people are to-|ing the English day the leaders in the world activity. 'l'hanemxwwmo!@.mwln'tw MMMMWI‘“- familiar in every quarter of the habit- tion, is becoming the universal business above all other foreign tongues is spoken by more people to-day than is | mere arbitrary expression of a choice. flhpm mmm.h < Moo s preference | sponsible for the change. for- mm-otmwphmm As a result the English language Is mal recognition of the fact and not the | English live able globe. French is still regarded as the diplo- on-this-side of the Atlan- matic and “polite” Janguage of the tongue. The world language of the future tic, and thefr industrial and commer- | world, but English, as cxpanded and | therefore, Is that which America wil

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