The Nonpartisan Leader Newspaper, September 27, 1917, Page 19

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D. 4} It’s worth while to read the Leader Classified Ads Mention Leader when writing advertisers - New N. D. Grades at Work (Continued from page 13) arbitrary standards now commonly used. The coupling up of the federal grades with the North Dakota state grades, and keeping track of every sample will provide the beginning for establishing such a genuine grading system. One of the objections made to utilizing actual flour and bread values in determining grades, has been the assumption that it would take days or weeks to find out the actual value, while the car would stand unloaded on the tracks and the owner pay de- | murrage. This trivial objection will “come out in the wash,” and it will no doubt be found that the actual flour - and baking value of wheat can be de- termined while the car is rolling from its original loading station to the terminal by the time the car is switch- .ed to an elevator for unloading. The Farmers’ Regime in Action (Continued from page 12) as much or more in taxes, but which will put the tax on property able to bear it. The board increased personal property from$63,071,681 in 1915 to$69,- 339,458 in 1917. The new schedule adds oil tanks on leased sites and other property of big corporations hitherto escaping, but doesn’'t pay much atten- tion to pen wipers, needles and pins and door mats and such property that the old board of equalization intended by its schedule to seek out and tax to the limit. In addition, the new schedule will assess elevators according to their capacity,'a much more fair plan than formerly and one that will distribute the tax more justly and at the same time raise more revenue, it is expected. But the farmers at Bismarck have not begun to reform taxes as they should be. It will take another year to complete the job. For the assessment next year the new Nonpartisan league law, practically exempting farm im- provements from taxation will be in effect. It did not go in effect for the present assessment. This law assesses all land, town and city lots, railroads, bank stock, express and telegraph property, at 30 per cent of its full and true value; household goods and equipment, structures and improve= ments on farm lands, stocks other than banks, bonds, money and credits, at only 5 per cent; livestock, agricultural and other tools, machinery, autos, vehicles and water craft, harness, mills and elevators and warehouses, im- provements on railroad rights of way, stocks of merchandise, telephone lines and improvements on town and city lots, 20 per cent. This law was the best the farmers’ legislature could do under the present constitution, but the farmers' legisla- ture submitted a constitutional amend- ment, which, when adopted by the people, will permit the elimination of all taxes on farm improvements. In the meantime the scientific classifica- tion of property, to be assessed at 30, 20 and 5 per cent of true value, as de- scribed above, will be in effect next year. Farm improvements under this will be taxed at 5 per cent of their value, while railroads, for instance, will be taxed at 30 per cent. Nation Hears People’s Side (Continued from page 4) who spoke .on behalf of the working men of the city. “The farmer has for years been played against the working man, and the working man against the farmer,” said Mr. Lawson. “You can guess for yourself the class that has been responsible for this. Because we have been kept at dag- gers’ points we have not gained what we should. But our aims are to a large extent identical. “The iaborer is looking for a bet- ter day tomorrow than today has been, and that is what the farmer wants, too. We should work to- gether.” The permanent organization of the convention was anncunced—Governor Frazier of North Dakota as chairman, Joseph Gilbert of St. Paul as vice- - chairman and Norbert O’Leary as sec- retary. This finished the morning pro- gram. 3 At the afternoon session still a big- ger crowd was there. Why had they come? Well, the first thing on the program was an address by President A. C. Townley of the Na- ticnal Nonpartisan league on “The Purpose of the Convention.” TOWNLEY ACCORDED A GREAT OVATION Townley had not been at the morn- ing session. He had never spoken in St. Paul. But as he sat on the plat- form at the afternoon meeting the farmers picked him out and pointed _ him out to labor men or other farm- ers who had never seen him, All over the hall you could hear: “There he is.” “That's him.” “There's Townley.” Then Townley rose to speak. Every eye was on him. Every eye remained on him for nearly two hours and a half. Aud during that period of time anyone could have judged from the noise that some- thing interesting was going on. Either it was so still, in between the speaker’s words, that you could hear a pin drop, or it was so noisy, with handclapping and feet stamp- ing and hundreds of voices cheer- ing, that you could hardly hear yourself think. It was a great speech. In a later issue the Leader expects to be able to print what Mr. Townley said in full. Mr. Townley started slowly, simply. “We live in a democracy,” he said. “In a democracy the law of the land is the will of a majority. In an autocracy the law of the land is the will of one- man, and that is not the kind of a government we want. “In a democracy, where the will of the majority is the law of the land, it is the duty of all people to abide by the will of the majority. Whether I think that law is right or wrong, it is my duty to obey that law. “I am going with the majority of the PAGE TWENTY American people wherever they want to go, but I'm going to talk with them on the way. Just as much as it is my duty to abide by the will of the ma- jority, it is my duty to help mold the will of the majority. “And just as much as it is the duty of us all to abide by the will of the majority, as expressed by the respon- sible heads of the government, so it is the duty of the heads of this nation to seek out the will of the majority—to find out what it is—and then to stand by it.” DELEGATES LAUGH AT PIONEER PRESS Applause punctuated every statement. Mr. Townley went on, ‘explaining how congress today was confused and be- wildered by the throngs of lobbyists of special privilege that clustered round and how it was the duty of the people to make their voices plainly heard by their representatives. He went on to speak of the business of farming and the need of the farmer exercising more control ‘over “the rules of the game' for his own benefit and for the bene- fit of the great masses of the people. He switched his subject abruptly and held up a copy of the St. Paul Pioneer Press. This paper, in an attenipt to influence its readers against the patriotic farmers’ meeting, said that ‘“agents of the department of justice and other loyal citizens” were keeping “a close watch” on the convention-and that no disloyalty would be allow- ed. The delegates, sitting there in the big hall decorated with Ameri- can flags, the music of “America” - still ringing in their ears, and their hands calloused from their efforts to feed the American people and their allies, laughed. It called for nothing else but laughter. “I want to say that representatives of the department of justice are very, very welcome here today,” said Mr. Townley. “We are not ashamed of our brand of patriotism. But I would sug- gest to the gentlemen who are doing their duty to the department of justice by being here today that there is a great deal being said about the pa- triotism of the farmers of the North- west that is not so. We have been accused of holding up our wheat be- cause we were not satisfied with the price and the rules of grading, and be- cause we were not satisfied with the price and the rules of grading we have been charged with being pro-German.” THE FARMERS' HIDES— 2 A WORD ABOUT THEM : But while the Northwestern farmers are bending every effort, under difficul- ties, to help the government, Mr. Town- ley pointed out, leather and hide specu- lators in the East had accumulated in storage warehouses, the largest stock of hides and leather that had ever beer . Mention Leader when writing advertisers - o bd AN Yed