The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1873, Page 6

NEW YORK HERALD, THURSDAY, JULY 3, 1875—TRIPLE SHEET. NEW YORK HERALD BROADWAY AND ANN STREET. = JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. All business or news letters and telegraphic despatches must be addressed New Yore Hera. Letters and packages should be properly sealed. Rejected communications will not be re- turned. RI THE DAILY HEKALD, published every day in the Four cents per copy. Annual subscription The of his father ended yesterday. the jury is murder in the second degree. This, as the Judge said, was the first trial for mur- der under the new law of the 29th of May. The old statute made killing with a well de- fined intent to kill, though that intent arose at the instant of the act, murder in the first de- gree. By the new law there must be stitute that crime. End of the Walworth Trial and Its Moral. s The trial of young Walworth for the murder The verdict of a deliberate and premeditated design to con- If the killing be inten- tional, but without deliberation or premedita- tion, the crime is murder in the second degree, Virtually, then, the jury in this case hag decided that young Walworth intended to kill his father, but that he had not pre- vear, price $12. meditated the deed. We must infer, ain therefore, that the jury believed the intent Volume XXXVIII argse in his mind when or after AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. WOOD'S MUSEUM, Broadway, corner Thirtieth st.— Suu Fane. Afternoon and evening. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway, between Prince and Houston ats.—Tux Beats or New Yorx. UNION SQUARE THEATRE, Union square, near Broadway.—Janx Erne. OLYMPIC THEATRE, Broadway, between Houston and Bleecker strects.—Cicanrerts. WALLACK’S THEATRE, Broadway and Thirteenth street.—Mimt. BOWERY THEATRE, Bow@ry,—Weop. Yer wo Wire, &c. ii THEATRE COMIQUE, No. 514 Broadway.—Tax Drama or SCHNEIDER, CENTRAL PARK GARDEN.—Summer Nicuts’ Con- cunts. METROPOLITAN MUSEUM OF ART, 123 West Four- teenth st.—Crraian axv Loan Counections or ART. NEW YORK MUSEUM OF ANATOMY, 613 Broadway.— Scusnow anv Aut. DR. KAHN'S MUSEUM, No. 68 Broadway.—Scrence anp Apt, TRIPLE SHEET. New York, Thursday, July 3, 1873. THE NEWS OF YESTERDAY. To-Day’s Contents of the Herald. “THE END OF THE WALWORTH TRIAL AND ITS MORAL!"—LEADING EDITORIAL SUB- JECT—SixtTH Pace. FRANK WALWORTH FOUND GUILTY OF MURDER IN THE SECOND DEGREE! THE SUMMING UP BY THE PROSECUTION, JUDGE DAVIS’ CHARGE AND THE IMPRESSIVE FINAL SCENES OF THE GREAT PARRICIDE CASE! FILING EXCEPTIONS—Fourra Pace. PURBLIND JUSTICE! A WIFE MURDERER WITH- DRAWS A PLEA OF NOT GUILTY IN THE FIRST DEGREE AND PLEADS GUILTY IN THE SECOND DEGREE TO SAVE HIS NECK FROM THE GALLOWS! A PERSONAL AFFRAY—FIFTH PAGE. FAVORABLE INSURGENT PROGRESS IN THE CUBAN WAR! FATAL PREVALENCE OF DISEASE! SPANISH EMASCULATION IN CUBA! THE LIGHT THROWN UPON CUBAN AFFAIRS BY THE HERALD—Fovurta Pace. CESPEDES, THE CUBAN PATRIOT, TO THE SILVER-TONGUED CASTELAR! ELOQUENT WORDS! THE BLEMISH OF POLITICS! MURDERING PRISONERS—Tuirp Pace. MADRID DREADS THE FUTURE! THE MOB IN A FERMENT! PRECAUTIONARY MASSING OF FORCES—SEVENTH Pace. THE SHAH IN ENGLAND—HOLLAND PREPARING FOR A VIGOROUS RI AL OF THE WAR AGAINST ACHEEN—IMPORTANT GENERAL NEWS—SEVENTH PaGE. ENGLISH ROYALTY AND THE LABORING | CLASSES! HOW THINGS ARE MANAGED | AT OSBORNE! A GLOOMY PICTURE! AMERICA OR THE POORHOUSE—Tuirp PagE. THE HARLEM ROWBOAT ATHLETES! A _ DE- LICIOUS DAY'S SPURT! THE GRAND CHALLENGE PLATE AND THE DIES’ CHALLENGE CUP WON BY THE AND THE DIAMOND SCULLS BY CURTIS, OF THE ATHLETICS—EtcntH Page. LONG BRANCH AND THE PL TRE SEEKERS! SENATOR STOCKTON ES A BATH— ree TENTH PAGE. THE SOUTHERN CHOLERA—NATIONAL CAPITAL ITEMS—SEVENTH PAGE. ‘WHERE EPIDEMICS ARE GENERATED! THE SANITARY FORCE AGAIN MAKING A TOUR OF THE FILTHY DISTRICTS IN GOUTHAM— Firta PaGs. ENJOINING THE CREDIT MOBILIER AND THE UNION PACIFIC! TEXT OF JUD¢ UNT’S NOTICE—THE LITERARY RESUME—Fovrta Pace. WHE SHERIFF APTER COMPTROLLER GREEN! ANDREW H. CAPTURED, AND JUST MISbES IMPRIS‘ ENT BY SETTLING WITH THE CAPTAL (HIRD PAGE. COMMENCEM ! AT UNION UNIVERSITY! EX- GOVERNOR SEYMOUR’S ADDRESS—Suy- ENTH PAGE. ANOTHER BUTCHERY BY THE CELESTIALS! THE PANSHAY REVOLT — WARD'S ISLAND—THE MUNICIPAL BOARDS—Pirta | PaG SUSAN'S IRATE DEFENDE TEST AGAINST M TION! THE UNION F DRAPED IN BLACK—E LAGER A STIRRING PRO- ANVHON CO Ic- TO GO INTO E1outu Pace. AMERICAN AND EUROPEAN FI UNITED STA BONDS CHASED BY GERMANY! UY TROUBLES—REAL ESTATE THE ASCOT (ENGLAND) RAC Tue Unron Pactric Rarinoap, pending the Crédit Mobilier suits, has been tied up bya stringent injunction. See our despatches on the subject. The government evidently is in earnest in reference to its interest due on those bonds. Tue Suan oy Prnsta, on Tuesday evening last, visited Mr. Gladstone, the British Pre- mier, and afterward the two chambers of Par- \iament. Yesterday he paid a visit to Windsor Castle to take his farewell of the Queen, for he is expected on the “glorious Fourth” in Paris, where he will be received with a night féte and 8n illumination. Tae Revousens or Broox.yx have not had 8 yet such wonderful success as attended their brethren in New York. Still, they have not labored in vain, To their exertions is mainly due the fact that Governor Dix has vetoed the Bridge bill. The exposures of cor- wuption made at the Brocklyn Academy on Monday night cannot fail to tell in the long run, Let the fire be kept up, and the time his father entered his room on that fatal morning at the Sturtevant House. Yet the secret lies buried in that chamber or in the heart of the young man. No one was there to see what occurred. There is no other evidence than that which might be inferred from circumstances; none positively as to the intent, if premeditation be excluded, except what was given by the prisoner himself. While he confessed to the killing he has not avowed the intention to kill. While seem- ingly reticent about what occurred during those few and terrible moments that his father was in his room, except confessing that he shot his father, he did, however, speak of a certain action which indicated, as he supposed, that his father was going to draw a pistol on him. It, then, premeditation and a deliberate purpose to kill be excluded, and young Walworth believed his father was going to draw ao pistol on him, though mistaken in that, would it be murder in the second degree? Or if he killed in a fit of frenzy brought on by aggravating cir- cumstances at the instant, and in- duced by the terrible spectre of family wrongs that haunted and unhinged his mind, would it be murder in the second degree? The jury, and it was an intelligent one, has decided that he was in a state of mind which made him responsible for the act, that there was not sufficient evidence to show he was impelled to the deed in self-defence, and that he intended to kill. No doubt the verdict was a conscientious one, and it appears the jury was not long in coming to ® decision, for it went out, after the charge of the Judge, at thirty-five minutes past four in the afternoon and delivered the verdict at fifteen minutes past eight. A verdict had been agreed upun, probably, by seven o'clock or a little later, as it must have taken Judge Davis an hour to come to the court room after the fact had been announced. The trial, which terminated on the eighth day, was conducted in the most exemplary and dignified manner. We notice this with pleasure, because there has been in our criminal courts too much bluster and snappishness of lawyers and unseemly conduct generally. Wo need not recall the instances, for the public will readily make the application. The prose- cuting attorney made the most of his case to convict the prisoner, as all prosecuting attor- neys feel bound to do, whatever the evidence may be, but he was courteous and dignified. The counsel for the defence inspired profound re- spect by the serious and able manner in which he conducted the case for the prisoner, as well as admiration for his brilliant legal talents and eloquence. The Judge, though naturally severe in maintaining the law and protecting society, as most Judges are, and though not inclined to favor the prisoner, gave a reason- able latitude to the defence and a fair statement to the jury. Seldom has there been moredecorum observed in a Court, either by those officially engaged or by the public at- tending the trial. Every one appeared to be impressed with the solemnity of the occa- sion and the surroundings. The youth- fal prisoner, fearful as was his crime, awakened an unusual interest. His devotion to an injured, long-suffering and noble mother had such a sentiment of romantic interest in it that people sympa- thized with him, while their minds were tor- tured with the idea of a parricide—while shocked with the thought of a boy killing the author of his being. This gentle and cul- tivated youth, of whom no one could speak ill, whom all Joved for his goodness, to be thus arraigned before a public tribunal for the most terrible crime known to mankind— for the murder of his parent—was such an astounding paradox that every one was hushed into solemn silence. Then there were the terribly afflicted mother of this youthful criminal and widow of the murdered man, with her younger children nest- ling by her side, and the reverend brother of Mansfield Tracy Walworth, and | other members of the family and friends, grouped together in this sorrowful tableau. Who could help feeling the solemnity of the scene? Need we wonder that Mr. O'Conor's eloquence was inspired when defending such a ease and with such surroundings? ‘The wonder is that justice herself was not blind on this occasion. But society has to be protected, and however cruel or brutal a man may be no one has a right to take his life but | according to law, and least of all | his own offspring, We have in the history of heroism read of persons dying or sacrificing themselves for others, but rarely has the crime of parricide or matri- cide been committed from a motive to save or protect others, however near or dear. With all the sympathy that is naturally felt for young Walworth, if he be guilty of murder, with intent to kill his father, as the jury has decided, it is necessary he should suffer for the maintenance of law and the well being of society. Throughout all the periods of history, among civilized as well as semi-civilized and uncivilized people, there have been occasion- ally crimes of an extraordinary character— crimes that have startled mankind, or that have puzzled lawyers, judges and philoso- phers. Yet difficult as it may be some- times to penetrate the motive that lies secretly locked in the mind of one who takes human life, orto reconcile the evidence of astounding facts with accepted theories of | human conduct and character, we find generally that remarkable crimes and | the prevalence of particular crimes spring from the habits and moral tone may come when it will be worth while to own goal ostate in the City of Churches, f demas. of society. This Walworth case is an example. The voung man—the youth, we might say, perhaps—who slew his father, was himself, in a measure, the victim. of a vicious and false sentiment, instilled into him by the habit and ideas of the society by which he was surrounded and in which he had been’ educated. To carry a pistol to defend one’s self or others, or to protect the beloved dependent ones, is both the custom and the disgrace of our country and boasted civiliza- tion. The duello, of which we have had a terrible instance in the Rhett and Cooley case at New Orleans, and lately, also, at Rich- mond, Va., springs from the same false and unchristian notion of honor and mo- rality. It is @ remnant of the semi- barbario age, mistakenly called the age of chivalry, when every man above the level of a serf had his lance in rest or some other deadly weapon ready to take the lifeof his enemy. This miscalled and, as we said, unchristian sentiment of chivalry still exists. It exists not only in the United States, but in Europe and throughout the world, though of late years it has been dying out as intelligence and more liberal ideas prevail. It is not many years since men of the highest position in Europe—statesmen and those who ruled nations—met to fire deadly shots at each other, after the ancient semi-barbaric plan, for the purpose of settling some difficulty or to satisfy @ punetillio of honor. But, fortunately, we rarely hear of a duel now among the highest and most cultivated people in Europe. In the United States it is still practiced, particularly in the South, and often in cases that are as absurd and Quixotic as they are crimi- nal, Young Walworth, no doubt, had im- bibed this idea of freely using the pistol from his social relations and education. It is but a short step from the so-called chival- ric code of defending one’s honor by the pistol to using that murderous instrument to protect @ beloved mother or family under sup- posed danger. All this is contrary to our Christian and nineteenth century civ- ilization. It is the remnant of a barbaric age. The law is the proper remedy for evils, and if that cannot be always obtained at the moment it is the duty of civilized and Christian men to submit or wait rather than commit crime. Our morals in this respect—in respect to using the pistol—need improving, and the improvement should begin with the educated classes, Cause and Prevention ot Sun- stroke, As the period so marked by the frequency of sunstroke in our large cities advances the investigation of this fatal phenomenon acquires increasing interest. Heretofore medical sci- ence has contented itself with providing alleviative or remedial agents, to be employed after the patient is struck down, but as yet the cause and prevention of sunstroke have been shrouded in mystery. Sunstroke is usually ranked by physicians with affections of the nervous system, and while manifesting itself as such it may be, perhaps, traced to certain well defined climatologic or meteorologic conditions. Its home, as a disease, is India—that hotbed of morbific phenomena—and other tropical cli- mates, distinguished mainly not so much by their excessive heat alone as by their excessive humidity. This peculiarity of Indian climate is due to its monsoons, which, blowing from the steaming bosom of the Indian Ocean steadily for six months at a time, suffuse the air with water and make it mortally op- pressive to man and beast. The Indian physicians, from whom most that is now known of sunstroke has been derived, have not made exhaustive observa- tions from which the cause of the affection can be certainly deduced; but they have described it sufficiently to warrant some con- clusions which we may safely draw for the benefit of the public. It pretty clearly appears that sunstroke is most frequent and fatal to persons wearing woollen clothing at times when, the Summer having well advanced, hot and evaporative winds pass over localities furnishing large quantities of vapor to the air. The failure of the perspiration, owing to hard- ening or uncleanliness of the skin, or, oftener, to the extreme humidity which serves as a blanket enveloping the body and inducing a dangerous rise of the body's temperature, is one of the very first and most unmistakable symptoms. It has been contended that sun- stroke is due to the action of light upon the brain, exerted through the eyc, and some have gone so far as to assert that if the eye be properly shaded from the solar glare all other precautions against sun- stroke may be dispensed with. But this theory is completely upset by the well- known and remarkable fact that the soldiers of the Anglo-Indian army were attacked by sun- stroke under roof, and the Indian surgeons describe many cases of actual attack which came on while the men were in their tents, both by day and by night. Indeed, the dan- ger is often represented as increased by one going into any close and ill-ventilated quar- ters, no matter how well shielded from the sun. “ Tho From the fact that sunstroke, so called, is not averted by shelter from solar radiation and glare, it has been supposed that the high temperature generates poisonous gases in the human system, and thus produces the fatal issue. This may be so, for aught we know. Moreover, while a oloud-canopy or screen may serve to arrest the dark waves of the sun's heat, shown by the red end of the solar spec- trum, the actinic or chemical rays, shown by the violet end of the spectrum, may yet re- bound with deadly effect on the human sys- tem, prostrated by over-cxertion, intemper- ance or any other canse, and produce the symptoms of sunstroke. These points are and have long been open to medical and meteorologic research, and the high annual death rate from sunstroke should spur our savans to diligent study and observation of all conditions surrounding every case of attack. But, so far as accurate observation has pro- ceeded, the inference is that this sudden and terrible malady is directly traceable to a rapid rise of temperature in the body when perspiration is checked by excretions of the skin, from uncleanliness, overdress, clos¢ con- finement, or more usually, if not always, by the accompanying accumulation of moisture in the air after rapid evaporation. This con- clusion is borne out by the invaluable data of sunstroke furnished with the new census disease oharta, from which it appears that in the comparatively dry regions of Minnesota ond Nebraska Colorda, Dakgla Montane | and Idaho—lying as they do under the lee of | Russia and Khiva—The the Rocky. Mountains, although they have hotter mid-day sun than New York—sunstfoke is unknown. Passing from these healthy regions to Kansas, Missouri and southward, where the air is often unduly surcharged with vapor, the malady makes its dread appear- ance, and is frequent in all the Atlantic States. So that we strongly suspect it will be found that the great majority of sunstrokes occur with southerly winds, rain-cloud, or in mu- nicipal localities, where the radiation from masses of brick and)stone is exerted on wet ground and wet, filthy streets. The Queen’s Laborers—A Picture of English Rural Life. Tho very intcresting letter from one of the Henaxp’s special commissioners which we print to-day is valuable, not so much because it details Queen Victoria’s difficulties with her laborers at Osborne as for the insight it gives into the general condition of the Queen’s sub- jects. The difficulty was a petty one at best, and no one appears to jess advantage in it than the ‘Queen herself. Royalty, and es- pecially English royalty, can no longer afford to be offended because the common people forget the divinity that was once supposed to hedge a king. The Queen, as Queen, is bound to hear the petitions of the humblest of her subjects; as the private owner of Os- borne House she was even more bound to hear the requests of her laborers, Unfortunately, she felt herself too high to be troubled with the complaints of these abject slaves, and she turned the whole matter over to her steward, who, she knew, would punish them for daring to approach her. Such was the result, and she seems content with it She will not forget that she is » Queen even with her workpeople. If she could condescend to understand their wants she would probably do them justice ; but as it is impossible to hold direct relations with them, to hear their complaints, to inquire into their grievances, Mr. Macpherson is allowed to punish them for their ‘‘impertinence.'’ The Queen’s want of personal interest in her workpeople and the petty tyranny of her steward will do much toward weakening the feeble foundations of the throne by strength- ening the cause of ‘‘that Radical Arch of Shef- field.’’ The fact that a contrary course was not adopted is to be regretted all the more be- cause the Queen would thus have set a noble example to other big people who fail to care for their laborers and permit their tenantry to suffer from the oppressions of ‘middle- men,"’ Herein is the greatest wrong to labor. Even in a New York workshop the foreman or forewoman wields a tremendous power and would be likely to discharge a batch of work- men if, like the Queen’s laborers, they made their demands for increased wages direct to the ‘‘boss.’’ But fortunately with us the evil is only in its incipient stage, and we can repress the small tyrannies of middlemen without much difficulty. In England, however, great landed estates and immense combinations of capital seem to make them a necessity. A great lord sees his tenantry but seldom and knows nothing of the condition of the peasantry on his estates. And even among the “‘high aristocracy’’ there are Titmouses as proprietors and Bloodsucks as stewards. Some of the great people are too big to manage their own affairs, and many of them abet and profit by the oppressions of their managers. Mr. Macpherson, for instance, has probably saved the Queen a guinea a week by bringing eighteen of her workpeople to want, unless they find means to emigrate to this country, and at the expense of no little ignominy to royalty itself. The deplorable part of the business is that the loss of the situation involves the loss of all honest labor and leaves no way to gain a livelihood except by beggary or crime. It is not so on the Queen’s estates only, but on nearly every estate in England. In view of this fact our correspondent will give us like pictures as they occur from time to time and thus help us to understand, if not entirely to solve, the labor question. Lacrer Beer has at last fallen under the censure of our virtuous city fathers. The beverage so dear to the lips of every Ameri. can citizen of Teutonic descent or proclivities is declared intoxicating. Shades of Gambri- nus, defend us! The Excise Commissioners went around the beer gardens a short time ago to investigate this delicate matter, and here we have their decision. Ogy it be that the foam- ing beer, which has now mé BO popular during the dogdays, has had a deleterious ef- fect upon our worthy Excise Commissioners? The public want to know how these gentlemen discovered such an unheard of thing that lager is not only intoxicating, but that it is not right to grant licenses to any place where music is introduced. The Board of Excise Commissioners may be accredited by the stupid resolutions which they have passed on this subject as experts in the art of self-stultifi- cation, Constrrvtion Bumorme iw Francr.—The question of a constitution for France was dis- cussed in the National Assembly at Versailles yesterday. he members were cautious in their treatment pf the subject. The motion for the appointment of a special legislative committee for considerstion of the consti- tutional bills was postpouéd for a month after the next parliamentary reces® M. Gam- betta aired out the flag of radical conserva- tism, but he was evidently disappointed on account of the formal record for weeks of de- lay previous to his delivery of what will be, no doubt, a very able oratorical effort. Goov.—Governor Kellogg announces to At- torney General Williams that the interest on the State debt, on and after the 10th instant, will be paid in New York and New Orleans down to the last of June, and that more than three hundred thousand dollars interest due from the late administration has been paid. This looks like business. ‘Tue Crrsts 1x Sparn is becoming more alarm- ing from day to day. A rising of the ‘‘irrecon- cilables’’ is feared mumentarily in the capital, and troops are stationed at various points to suppress any outbreak that may occur. But if the outbreak should be too strong for the troops? There is the greatest immediate danger. A Promise or Moxz Rary.—Our reports yesterday from the West indicate the approach of more rains in the East We say let them come and welogme, ' hygiene. Commercial emd Military Line of the Oxus. A despatch from London informs us that since the fall of Khiva the government of Russia has renewed its assurances that its troops will be withdrawn from the country when the Khan has been sufficiently punished for his barbarous treatment of Russian sub- jects, Assuming that this information is cor- rect, these assurances are intended to, allay the apprehensions of England touching the designs of Russia underlying this conquest of Khiva. It gives to Bussia (in connection with previous military ocoupations in those regions) absolute control over the whole of that vast section of Central Asia known as Turkestan or Independent Tartary, the area of which is seven hundred and ninety-two thousand square miles, or equal to about sev- enteen times the area of the State of New York. All this vast country is now'absolutely at the mercy of Russia, including the khan- ates or kingdoms of Bokhara, Koondooz, Khokand and Khiva, and the Kirgheez steppes, or deserts, bordering on and partly occupied by Russia. Her authority is thus extended to the western frontier of the Chinese Empire, to the northwestern mountain barriers of British India and to tho eastern flank of Persia, But'to what purpose can Russia devote this absolute power she possesses over Turkestan? It is a country of sandy wastes, abounding in salt and bitter lakes, but generally destitute of arable soil and running streams. The cli- mate is one of fierce alternations, intensely hot in Summer and extremely cold in Winter. It has no forests except in the lower ranges of the mountains, and but little wood of any kind. But it has some very fertile valleys, which are described each as an earthly par- adise in contrast with the frightful deserts on every side surrounding it. Upon the whole, however, Turkestan is pronounced by geographers as one of the most uninviting and forbidding countries in the world, and one into which modern travellers have scarcely penetrated. To what practical purpose, then, can Russia turn her absolute power over this vast region of deserts and desert barbarians? Wemay an- swer that the primary object of the Russian government in these military operations in Turkestan was the punishment of its bar- barians for outrages upon Russian subjects, travellers and traders, and the coercion of the semi-barbarous khans to the usages of civilized life. ‘This object is now achieved with the occupation of Khiva, An- other design was the opening of certain great channels of trade, and this purpose is now substantially gained in the conquest of Khiya, which gives to Russia the possession of the important commercial and military line of the Oxus or Amoo River from Lake Aral to the foot hills of the great mountain range of the Hindoo Koosh. By following the line of the Sir Daria from its mouth at the northern end of Lake Aral, Russia has the trade and the water of that river for a railway to Kashgar, that great depot of the traffic of Western China, while by the line of the Oxus, for a thousand miles from the south end of Lake Aral, she can carry a rail- way to Cabul or Cashmere. The products and exchanges of the Sir Daria and Oxus valleys themselves, with their five or six millions of industrious people, barbarians though they may be called, furnish a heavy overland trade, which will be absorbed along each river by a railway or by light steamboat navigation on each till the railway is constructed. The Oxus, we believe, is navigable for steamboats for five hundred miles or more in the heart of the dry season, so that between Lake Aral and the northwestern frontier of British India a line of only some five hundred miles of railway will be needed to secure steam transportation. In other words, with the steamboat navigation of the Oxus a line ofa thousand miles of railway will connect Orenburg and the Russian railway sys- tem in Europe with Cabul or Cash- mere. Looking, then, to British India, the importance and the danger to Eng- land of this occupation by Russia of the line of the Oxus may be conjectured, as well as the meaning of these alleged assurances from the Russian government that her future policy will be that only of armed neutrality in Turkestan. of Health and it Ch _Sprinkling. Experience, though unquestionably a good teacher, is certainly slow. In nothing is this more true than in the science of healthful living and the prevention of disease and death in cities and large towns. Ever since the days of Babel men have gathered large communities upon narrow spaces, though they knew that they thereby shortened their average of life. In all cities we suffer from crowding, which curtails the amount of air requisite for full development of lungs and chest; we lack wholesome exercise, and we miss that famil- iarity with and conformity to nature essential to absolute health. Not alone these, but we persistently poison the air, filling our dwell- ings with foul smells, which would stifle those unaccustomed to the nuisance.’ We construct our roads so that they become receptacles of all the reeking and decomposing filth which the combined waste and wear of human and brute life deposit. That these disgusting and neyer-remoyed accumulations may not fail to produce their full pestiferous effect upon the atmosphere we take special care that through the heated days of Summer a_ copious sprink- ling shall keep them moist and ready to respond to the fierce sun rays by # constant efflux of nauseous vapors to envelop ts as with a cloud of death. Long have we had students of Boards of health are not new machines for drawing salaries and augmenting taxes, but never till now has that excellent in- stitution discovered or taken official action upon a fact patent to all who have noses. Every person endowed with the sense of smell must have perceived that the dry dust heap might be passed unnoticed, whereas if it be moistened and subjected to sun heat the chemi- cal action of fermentation, decomposition and The Board Street evaporation at once proclaims itself in fumes that are not to be ignored. At last our sanitary officers, too, have made this valuable discovery and set to A ter, the process of decay. In the report which introduced this action the committee admit, what the Hunaxp has long and often enforced, by thorough washing with water enough ta carry away all filth into the sewers and the sea. But as our water supply, with the ocean’ at command, not to mention the inland water. cued of thousands of square miles, is not enough to cleanse our roadways, so we must patiently await the elow official broom and heaven's favoring breezes to carry away the filth which in the perfected city of the future will never be introduced upon smooth pave« ments and slong unbroken drains. Let ua thank the slow teaching of experience’ which has at length convinced a health board that city customs are susceptible of correotion. Let the street sprinkler cease his spattering and citizens prepare to demand smooth road- ways, scrubbed every night. Then we shalf have a healthier city as wellas a pleasanter, one. PERSONAL INTELLIGENCE. Berger, the French billiard champion, is dying tm Lyons. Judge Warren, of Boston, is staying at the Hof man House. General J. F. Farnsworth, of llinois, is staying at the. St, Nicholas Hotel. Ex-Congressman William Wiliams, of Buffalo, i¢ at the Fifth Avenue Hotel. Ex-Mayor William L, Scott, of Brie, Pa., is regia tered at the Flith Avenue Hotel. Professor T. R, Lounsbury, of New Haven, |s reg- istered at the Sturtevant House. Congressman-at-Large Alex. White, of Alabama, has arrived at the Grand Ventral Hotel, General Sherman’s family were expeoted at Long Branch last evening, to become ex-Collector Mur- phy’s guests, R. M. Pratt, of Montpelior, Vt., has been ap pointed Special Agent for the Chippewas of Red Biver, Minn, Governor Edmund J. Davis, of Texas, arrived at the St. Nicholas Hotel from Washington early yes- terday morning. Judge Underwood, of Virginia, advocates the nomination of Henry A. Wise for Governor of that State by the republicans, Mr. Hugo Fritsch, the Austro-Hungarian Vice Consul in this city, has been commissioned by his government Consul General ad interim. “The Emperor of Germany has conferred on Mr.W. A. Brahe, German Consul for Victoria, Australia, the order of the Red Eagle, fourth class. Mr. J. B. Were, of Melbourne, Australia, has hat conferred on him the honor of Danish knighthood and the jewel of the Order of Dannebrog. Wm. O. Avery, Esq., Chief Clerk of the Internal Revenue Office, who has just returned from Ku- rope, arrived in Washington yesterday morning. It seems that Indiana divorces do not “stick,’* for acouple have just been remarried after being divorced, each having tried to marry somebody else, i Mr. M. T. Bass, M. P. for Derby, thinking that for some things water is better than beer, has builé two swimming baths for the use of men and boys of the town, Marshal Serrano was lately compelled by the, Mayor of Biarritz, France, to break up a musical! Jéte at his villa, some of his neighbors having com- plained of annoyance, General Butler is to speak at a grand temper ance picnic, in Harmony Grove, Framingham, on the Fourth. This does not look asif he is to be ignored’ by the temperance party in the State. Maturin M. Ballou has retired from the manage~ ment of the Boston Glove. He founded the paper, and under his control it has been one of the best and most successful papers printed in New Eng- land. The Rev. William Neilson McVickar, of Holy Trinity church, Harlem, satled yesterday on the steamship Java. He will be absent in Europe for about three months. A number of the parishioners of the reverend gentleman accompanied him to Sandy Hook. Ex-Governor Jewell, our new Minister to Russia, yesterday sailed for Europe on the steamship Java, being accompanied by his family. A number of the Governor's personal and political friends, many from Connecticut, went down the bay in a steamer and finally bade him farewell at Sandy Hook, Many New Yorkers and Brooklynites of the pres- ent time who, or whose ancestors, came from the staid city of Portsmouth, N.H., are returning thither to be present at a sort of jubilee to-morrow The festival being the first of the kind held in twenty years, natives of Portsmouth are coming from all over the country to swell the jubilant sound in their birthplace. Over four hundred per- sons, residents of tnis city, Brooklyn and Philadel- phia, went yesterday afternoon on the steamer Newport. They were composed of families and had organized an association, and engaged forty members of the Ninth Regiment Band to give ad- ditional sweetness to the concord at Portsmouth to-morrow. wl 5 FUNERAL OF A MASRAGRUSETTS CONGRESS- MAN, CoNcoRD, July 2, 1873. , The last services over the remains of the late Hon. Wiltlam Whiting, member elect for the Third Massachusetts district to the forty-second Con- gress, took place here this afternoon. On the ar- rival of the twenty minutes past two train from Bogton a large procession of carriages was formed and followed the pet to Sleepy Holiow cee Judge E.R. Hoar, William Munroe, Hon. George M. Brooks, Frederic Hudson, Dr. H. A. Barrett and Mr. Mason acting as pall bearers. Heré a short and appropriate address was spoken by y, Mr. Folsom, followed by prayer, when thé casket was lowered into the grave. The whole scene and services were touching and beau- tiful. The relatives and a few friends of the de- ceased were present from Boston, including Col- lector Russell, Dr. Russell, Dr. Jarvis, and other gentlemen and ladies. es THE EXPLOSION IN HOOSAO TOMWNEL. ; Yesterday morning the body of Michael Camp- bell, one of the laborers killed by the explosion in Hoosac Tunnel, Mass., a few days ago, arrived at the Grand Central depot, en route to Dover, N. J. ‘There being no certificate accompanying the re- mains Coroner Herrman was called upon to hold an inquest, MYSTERIOUS DISAPPEARANCE, Dennis Doyle, of 116 Butler street, Brooklyn, dis- appeared jast evening, and his iriends are appre- ‘hensive he met with foul play. Mr. Doyle is sixty years of age, and is in the habit of carrying large sums Ofmoney on his person. He does business in Wail Street and lives in Brooklyn. INOENDIARY FIRES. ‘ mee rts, Hupson, N. Y., July 2, 1873, ‘ For the past two Weexs incendiary fires nave been of almost nightly oceurrenico here, but they have been extinguished withodt materia; damage Until last night, when the extensive cooper’s show, Of Alcott Brothers, on Diamond street, was fred and entirely consumed, together with the contents. The loss is about $10,000; insured for $2,500. William R, Snyner also lost a horse, valued at $300. The Alcott Brothers had just commenced on a large contract for Mr, Havemeyer, the Williamsburg rec- tifler, and it is believod the fire was set hy parties interested in the coopers’ strike at that place. UNITED STATES STEAMER NIPSIO, FORTRESS MONRO, July 2, 1873. The United States steamer Nipsic, Commander Phythian, sailed at ten o’clock this morning tor New York, acon A NEW YORK VILLAGE CONSUMED, Afire broke out yesterday morning in the village of Belleville, Jefferson county, N. Y., and destroyed neariy the entire business portion of the place, tu- gether with several dwellings, The lose is @Bti- inated at $30, work to stop the evil. To-day they summon before them all street sprinklers, commanding them at once to quit their pernicious practice, or if they must make muddy paste of the street dust that they do it with a solution of Some diginfootent which sbgll asxoite not four J, A FELTING MILL DESTROYED: “"~ postox, nly 2; 1873. The Ray Felting Mill, at Unionville, Franklim county, was entirely destroyed by fire last night. The mili was running at the time and the fire broke out in an upper room. The losa is $60,000 and in- surance 18 about $20,000. The origin of tue fre ig stbribuied (@ gROntangoug combusia ~