The New York Herald Newspaper, July 3, 1873, Page 3

QUEEN VICTORIA, The British Sovereign and Her Farm Laborers. "WAGES AT OSBORNE. A Herald Commissioner Investigates the Con- test Between Money and Muscle. SAD GLIMPSES OF ENGLISH RURAL LIFE, Interviews with the Royal Steward and the Dismissed Workmen. AMERICA, OR THE POORHOUSE. Youth Hopes for a Competence Beyond the Sea—Age Anticipates Life's Decline Among Paupers. The question at issue between the owners of capital and their laborers—between those giving and those seeking employment—being now univer- sally admitted to be the crucial problem of the day tn England, aspecial commissioner has been ap- pointed by the HERALD to make personal inquiry into the merits of each notable case as it arises and to record the result of his investigation for the benefit of our readers. The first case which has fallen within the scepe of his inquiry 1s an im- portant one, one of the parties being no less a per- sonage than THE QUEEN OF ENGLAND, who, it appears, has been at strife with some of the farm laborers employed at the royal estate at Osborne. We now leave our correspondent to speak for himself:— Lonpon, June 16, 1873. The royal estate of Osborne, which Ihave re- cently visited, is situated in the Isle of Wight, near East Cowes, an@ can be reached by crossing the water either from Portsmouth or Southampton. The former is the shorter route, and consequently the one always adopted by the Queen, but the lat- ter is infinitely more picturesque. Steam- ers more roomy and comiortable than are generally to be found in England convey the passenger down the broad expanse of Southampton water, where are to be seen pilot boats on the lookout for homewaraG bound craft, trim and elegant yachts skimming before the wind, and here and there some huge leviathan be- longing either tothe Peninsular and Oriental or the Royal Mail Company, ploughing its way into dock or carrying a bevy of outward-bound passen- gers, whose sad faces are regretfully turned toward the native land so rapidly sinking behind them. This enormous pile of red buildings, faced with white stone, said to be + A QUARTER OF A MILE IN LENGTH, 1s Netley Hospital, for the accommodation of inva- lid soldiers, and some distance further, on the op- posite side of the water, we come upon Calshoit Castile, an old fortress, now dismantled and used as @ coastguard station. Here in mid-stream lies the Hector, an enormons ironclad, acting as guard- ship, and in front of us across the silver streak of sea lies West Cowes, the headquarters of the prin- cipal English yacht squadrons and the place where the most important regattas are held, The point to the extreme right is called Egypt Point, the Jayorite bathing ground of the ladies, and there are the machines drawn up with their white awn- ings already spread out for the service of their fair occupants. Then come terraces of houses, some on the shore, some one above the other climbing up the cliff, then the stone-embanked promenade, and immediately above that an ancient castellated, turretted building, which has now been modern- ized into the club house of the Royal Yacht Squad- Ton, with a fine congervatory and a lovely, smooth- shaven velvet lawn which, in the season, are the favorite resorts of such ladies as get the much- much-sought-for privilege of entrée, Our steamer tacks now, and in a few minutes is brought up alongside the pier, where we disembark. Our sea journey is, however, not yet finished, and we have to ferry across the mouth of the River Medina in a tiny steam launch to East Cowes, near which Os- borne House is situated, It may here be remarked that whereas Backing- ham Palace, St. James’ Palace and Windsor Castle are royal residences—the property of the Sovereign for the time being—Osborne House and Balmoral are the personal and private property of Queen Victoria. The former was purehasea by the late Prince Consort some twenty years ago, and isa magnificent house, in a fine situation, looking down over the broad expanse of green meadow to the sea. It is, however, not nearly so finely situated or of so picturesque a style in itself as ite aeighbor, Norris Castle, which was much coveted by the Prince Consort while making his selection. The owner of Norris Castie, however, was a Mr. Robert Bell, THE PROPRIETOR OF A RADICAL NEWSPAPER called the Weekly Dispatch, to which the poctess Kiiza Cook used to contribute, and in which a writer signing himself “Publicola” used to iuimi- nate against aristocracy, and he determined to make royalty pay for its whim. The Prince Consort, however, had the character of carrying prudence to the extent of avarice and declined to pay Mr. Beil his price. East Cowes is a ttle village, very small but in- tensely respectabie. The poorest shops have a well-to-do air about them; placards posted on the walls implore the inhabitants ‘“‘not to give money or food to beggars,” and inform all such persons that they will be immediately arrested, while the walis of the coffee room of the Jittle Medina Hotel, in which I wait while my carriage is getting ready, giows all over with loyalty. There are two por- traits of the Queen and two of the late Prince Consort (One of these sensible enough, the other the simpering hairdresser’s dummy in the robes of ‘the Order of the Garter, which that essentialy Court painter, Winterhaiter, disgraced himself by perpetrating), @ picture of the Queen receiving the sacrament, another of Her Majesty's wedding and athird of the royal party on pony back in the Highlands. Now the carriage, an open fy, driven by a very brown-laced boy, is ready, and off we start. This new brick building ‘to our left is the barracks and in its open square ure two or three squads of the regiment now m- habiting it, the Seventy-ninth Highlanders. One of ‘these squads, goiug torough ordinary drill, 1s in fall dress, and the men, im their scarlet jacket and tartan petticoat, with bare knees and cross-gar- tered legs and high bonnet, with hanging plume, look admirably picturesque and ferocious, Another of the squads, which is in undress, prim white Jacket and tartan patatoons, is being instructed in the sword exercise by a sergeant with hair ofa fedness, cheek bones of a height and accent of @ breadth impossible to be found out of North Brivain. After the ascent of a tolerably steep hill anda Bhort drive along a country road we arrive ata (pair of huge iron gates with the gilt monogram iformed of the entwined letters Vand A worked in ithe middle of them, flanked by a neat stone lodge ith a large crown graven in stone over the door- way, out of which tssues a very pretty portress, bwnio very politely asks me where lam going. My ‘antimat on of my desire to see Mr, Macpherson haif watisfed her, but even then, before she opens the \gate, she asks iff am expected, if I have any ap- pointment. In Washington I walked into the room vof the Secretary of the Treasury without any ante. ychambering, and found the Secretary of War equally accessible; but here it appears that a land ‘bailiff things it right to stand on his dignity. My mnnouncement, however, that I had come a long fay to age the obicet of wy interyiew cauged the NEW YORK HERALD, THU pretty janitress to relent, and the fly was admitted within the sacred precincts. | We drove up e well- Kept road, bordered on either side by fields of wav- ing grass, when we were brought! tos standstill at the command of A LONDON POLICEMAN; Ot one of, the county constabulary, but @ portly man, direct from Scatland yard, bound in blue, and lettered A division. Again was I asked whither ' was I going, bat my reply, “Barton Farm,” was considered satisfactory, and 1 wes permitted to proceed. The road to Osborne House lay to, the nmght, ours to the left, and down it we went, through a broad expanse of well-cultivated land, with bere and there substantial st&bling, baris and outhouses, all betokening excellent farming and stewardship, until we came upon a pretty gar- den, bounded by alight iron railing, where my driver stopped and I alighted. I made my way along the gravel path, past the borders blooming with flowers, past the croquet lawn, smooth as a billiard table, to the old gray stone house with its heavy porch, under the shadow of which lay the box of croquet implements and a straw hat, which had evidently been recently discarded by some childish player. Inquiring for Mr. Macpherson, I was shown into a pretty draw- ing room, from which I fear my arrival had seared the inmates, as the music lay on the open piano. On the walls were more loyal portraits and on the table copies of the books written by the Queen, Presently Mr. Macpherson joined me—a big, burly Seotehman, with well-cut features and @ hard, shrewd expression, I told him at once who I was and what was the nature of my business—to obtain for the HERALD fall particulars of the matter in dispute betwe2n the Queen and her laborers, and togiean from the various parties their own ver- sions of the matter, * REMEMBERS THE HENRIETTA, Mr. Macpherson did not seem much disposed at first to enter into the subject, but the mention of the HeraLp somewhat modified him. “1 know the New YORK HERALD,” he said, “and I once saw Mr, Bennett when he was down at Cowes with the Hen- rietta. (All men in the Isle of Wight, no matter what be their pursuits, seem to take an interest in yachting matters.) When is Mr. Bennett coming tousagain? There is a Yankee yacht Jying in the river now—the Sappho they call her—but she don’t take my fancy like the Henrietta did. Well, now, you want to know about this question with the laborers, There ig not much to tell. Thirty-two of them signed around robin and sent it direct to the Queen demanding more wages and— CORRESPONDENT—One moment. What wages are paid on the estate? I suppose as good as any other part of the island ? Mr. MACPHERSON.—Better ; a shilling a week better than anywhere. Why, some of ourmen get £1 @ week, many of them 16s, and not one under 14s., while boys can earn 108, a week, In addition to to this each of them has a cottage—not a tumble-' down pigsty, mind, but a capitally built, good cot- tage, with halfan acre of garden land, Then her Majesty always sends them a present at Christmas, and there is a doctor specially kept, for them, ‘whose services are at their disposal whenever they are ill, and their wages are paid during all the time of their sickness. Why, sir, I have paid a man six- tern weeks’ wages and he has never worked a Stroke all the time! CORRESPONDENT.—To what do you attribute this discontent * Mr. MACPHERSON.—To a combination’; started en- tirely by one man—I won’t name him—but he ts a tellow who preaches the doctrines of that radical Arch, at ShefMield. I know English laborers well, sir. Ihave been all over England, and Itell you the fact is, that these men were too much indulged, They thought that they had only to ask and have. And fancy the impertinence of them in sending their round robin direct to the Queen herself! Why, sir, NOT THE GREATEST LORD IN THR LAND would have dared to have done so. It should have come through me or Sir Thomas Biddulph, but they sent it direct to the Queen herself. My God! 1 never heard of such a thing. And here Mr. Macpherson wiped his brow and looked petrified with amazement at the atrocity of the proceeding. CORRESPONDENT —-What did the Queen do with this round robin ? Mr. MACPHERSON—Sent it back to me to deal with as I thought proper. CORRESPONDENT—And what did you do? Mr. MacpHERSON—Discharged seven out of thirty- two men at a month’s notice. CORRESPONDENT—That was rather sharp work, was it not? Mr. MACPHERSON—Sharp work! It was the only way of meeting the case, and what was the conse- quence? Here are ail these men begging and praying to be taken back again; put they wont be; and not @ post comes in but what brings me heaps of let- ters, from all parts of the country, from people asking to be taken on as the Queen’s laborers. CORRESPONDENT—And you wili not take any ef these discharged men back again into the Queen’s service? Mr. MacPHERSON—Certainly not. 1 would sooner send up to the London Unfon Workhouses and get able-bodied paupsrs irom them! CORRESPONDENT—Did the Engitsh newspapers make any comments upon the case? Mr. MACPHERSON (With great disgust)—News. papers’ F am sick of them. Of course they did, The radical newspapers—that man Reynolds ought to be hanged—tried to make a great stir about it, but it wouldn't do. People are sick of news- papers now, sir, and there will be @ change tn the state of things. What has made the newspapers have no influence is, there is never a word of truth in any of them; they all hit either too high or too low. No offence to you, sir, but you know what I mean. This concluded our discussion on the subject, and after a few words of general conversation I shogk hands with Mr. Macpherson and took my leave. Raving thus obtained the views of one of the parties to the dispute my object was, of course, to hear what the other side had to say, but this was amore diMcult task. I had previously obtained the names of two or three of the discharged laborers, but on the Osborne estate at least I could not find any body who either would or could give me any idea of their whereabouts. Two men who were clipping @ beautiful privet hedge were very civil and communicative until I touched upon the dreaded topic, when they declared bai would “rather not say anything about that ‘ere,”! and at one or two of the cottages at which I called they professed complete ignorance as to where the incriminated men were to be found, But later in the day I came upon two of the men who had been GUILTY OF THE ATROCIOVE CRIME of seriding a letter direct to their employer, and here is a record of my conversation with them. 1 do not give their names for obvious reasons, but I will call them B. and J. 3B. is & man of about thirty years of age, middie M4ght, sunburned face, strongly buflt, the very model of an English agri- cultural laborer. J. is an old man, probably nearly sixty, with bowed back and grizzled hair and deeply furrowed face. After a little talk, in which they narrated the circumstances of the sending of the round robin and their discharge, their state- ment differing but little from that of Mr. Macpher- son, l asked thém why they did not first appeal to him instead of going directly to the Queen. Bi~Appeal to him? Why, so we did. We went to Mr. pherson and told him that prices of evéty thing had risen so that we could not feed our famtites. CorRtsronpenT—Stay one moment, I am given to understand that you had better wages than any one in the island, and that some of you were re: ceiving a pound a week, B.—It's a lie, Ne man as I know of had more than fourteen shilllugs @ week, and out of that two shillings a week were deducted for rent. Then ther@ was no overtime, no pay for harvesting or anything of that kind. Tweive shillings a week ‘was ali we could earn. J,—They gave us beer, sir, in harvest time, but it ‘was so bad we couldn’t drink it, 4 twelve shil- lings a week is not ¢nongh for a man with a family, and I told him our little ones could not live upon it, B.—And what was his anewer, do you think? He said we were too dainty and wanted prime joints, We should buy odd scraps and bits of meat at the butcher's; they were quite good enough for sach 8 us; that’s what we should do! 4.—Ob, he’s a bitter, bard man, this Macpherson; ‘hard‘and Scotch; not like Mr. Toward, who was here before him, and who 1s retired now and living, down at,Oarisbrook. This Macpherson was head gardener then, and he was brought in and made steward when Mr. Toward retired. B.—That’s about it, sir, We alllove the Queen, and think if she knew what our state was and had her own way she would be a kind mistress to us; ‘but tts people that’ goes in between her and us like ‘this Macpherson here that does ali the harm. She never knows, you may depend upon it, that we asked him long before we appealed to her, and she ‘thinks it was impudence on our part writing straight to her, whereas it was our “LAST RESOURCE, CORRESPONDENT—And what do you intend to do now? B.—I can do well enough; I dan get as good Wages as I have had in apy part of the country; I have been doing odd jobs fora tradesman at Cowee for the last week or two, but] am thinking of going where youcome irom—to America; they tell me that’s the place for a man who can work. CORRESPONDENT To J.—And you, will you also ge to America? \ J, (shaking his head, and with a great sigh)—No, sir; Lhe too old. It's well enough for B., here; he’s young and can work his way, bat I be almost, Past work now, and me and my old woman we Must finish our days in the poorhouse. God help us! There is nothing for ns but than. As the oid man spoke the brightness seemed to fade out of the day, and it was some time before I could banish the sad look in bis face or the weary, dejected tones of his voice from my memory. YATES, INNOLLY'S SUCCESSOR. Andrew H. Green Brought Up on a Short Turn. Judge Ingraham Issues an Order for His Arrest in Mandamus Proceedings and Judson Jar- vis Captures Him—He Pays Up and Hasa Narrow Escape from Incar- ceration in the County Jail. About half-past three o’clock yesterday after- noon, in answer to our reporter’s inquiries at the Sherif’s office, it was ascertained that an order of arrest was Out for some important person, and later in the day it proved to be Comptroller Green, The proceedings were taken upon the following order, yesterday sent to the Sheriff and placed in the hands of Judson Jarvis :— TRE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YoRE, ee T, Brennan, Sheriff of the County of New ‘ork:— Whereas on the 30th day of August, 1873, an order to show cause why a peremptory mandamus should nat issue in A certain proveeding in this Courtyentitled, The People of the State of New York ex rei, J. William MeGowan ‘inst Andrew H, Green, Comptroller of the city ot New ‘ork, Was made, and return thereto was made on the 9h lay of October, 1472, and an order thereupon entered on tho 24th day of October, 1872, that a writ of peremptory Mandamus do isgue azatnst thie respondents; and in cou- formity with said ofder a writ ot peremptory manda- mus Was accordingly issued aod served upon the re- spondents above nuined on the 29th day of October, 1872, and the said, respondent having jailed and neglected and refused to comply with said writ and a motionto commit the safd respondent for contempt of Court havin; been made beore one of the Justices ot this Court ai Chambers thereof on the 9th day of November, 1872, and decision reserved: and whereas on the \4th day o! No- Yeinber, 1872, @/ motion was made by the respondents above named to alter the peremptory writ of rine in into an Sia RAG On Wid ot Pos Whe] which said motion commit was denied on the —th day TAS caine TAA kid the anid micdlon oralter tte ey emptory writ into an alternative writ was grante: - the same Gay, embodie ju the same opinion and de- cision of the vi efore whom said motions were made, and an o} on both motions having been made ‘on the 13th day ot December, 1872, appeal was taken by We relator from the aioresaid order to the General Teri of this Court, dated the 16th day of December, 1872; an whereas the appeal having come on to be heard, the General Term of this Court, on order made and entered on the ‘Int day of July, 1874 ordered that the aforesaid rder of December 13, 1872, be reversed, and that process for attachment for contémpt issue, with costs to re- lator. Now, therefore, you are hereby authorized and com- manded forthwith’ to arrest the said Andrew H. Green, Fespondent above-named, and commit him to the County Jail, and to keep, bim therein under your custody until he shall pay the ‘of $50), as also the further sum of $82 75, being costs on this appeal as taxed, and also ur fees on such precept. 7Wvithew the Hon! Dante P. Ingraham, presiding Justice of our reme Court tor the First Judicial depart. ment, ihisaaday oF duly. 188. By order piihe Court He immediately sent runners out to ascertain the location of Mr. Green, and finally found that he had gone to bis residence, corner of Fifth ave- nue and Washington place. Thither Mr. Jarvis and his depnty, Lawrence Curry, repaired in a coach, which drew up on the adjacent block. Ina few juutes Mr. Green was espied by Mr. Curry pass- ing down the street, in the company of his coun- sel, Mr. Carter, and Jarvis was signalled to put in an appearace. Jarvis approached him with the re- mark :— “4g this Mr. Andrew H. Green ?” “That ia my bame,” responded the Comptroller, “Then,” pulling from his pocket the order, Mr. Jarvis said, “1 must arrest you.’ Mr. Green betrayed astonishment and alarm as he responded :— “You arrest me! for what?” Here he read the or- der over to the Comptroller, emphasizing the sae ‘Arrest the said Andrew H ,Green, respondent above named, and commit him to the County Jani, and to keep him therein under your custody, &c."’ Then he continued, ‘Now, Mr. Green, I shail have to commit you to the County Jail unless you pay the money.” Mr. GkEEN—You do not mean that you wonld commit the Comptrolier of the City and Gounty? A aii. I must obey the order of the ur, Mr. GREEN (to counsel) —What shall I do? Mr. Carter examined the order, when Mr. Green asked him it he had any money, and receiving a negative answer, turned to the officers and asked, “How much do you want?’ Mr. JaRvis—$582 75 and fees on the writ. Mr. GREEN—What is your name? “Judson Jarvis.” “An!” said the Comptroller, as he smiled blandly, “what do you propose to do?” Mr. JaRvis—1 want this in casn. Mr. Grren—I can get a check. Mr. JaRVis—I must have it in cash; it is very con- venient to stop payment of a check. Here Mr. Green attempted to enter his house, when Curry stopped him. A young man came out at the moment, and Jarvis and his distinguished Bioece and his friends formed line and took up he line of march to the Brevoort House, where Green took from his pocket some $300 and asked the clerk to cash a check for him. The cierk did not know him and refused, but one of the proprie- tors coming in Ignored the check, Mr. Green paid the money, When Jarvis remarked :— “Mr. Green, I discharge you.” Mr. GReEN—I am very much obliged, sir. Mr. aia you give mea receipt for the money ¥° Mr. Janvis—The best receipt I can give you is Mr, Green's body. ‘The parties separated alter courteous salutations, and thus ended the first arrest of the Comptroiler. TO PREVENT SUNSTROKE, Tq THE EpiTor OF THE HeRaLD:— In @ matter chiefly needing common attention for its regulation the best method would seem to be to disseminate the remedial truth as widely and as constantly as possible, Sunstroke 1s almost en- tirely the result of heedlexsness, and would soon be unknown ff our practice were conformed to a few simpie ruleg, We shail do well to watch for its premonitions, @ lower creation has greatly the advantage of us in the sense with which the Creator has endowed them of the effects of external influences upon their lives. In their original state they can ac- commodate themselves lar betrer than mankind ‘to tne chunges going on immediately around them in. the atmospheric temperature; and this is a grand difference betwoen instinct and reason. The eat is always felt to be oppressive to the brain and general system before the sun's rays produce insensibiitty; but, while the herds are secking the water and the shade atthe very right moment, man js oiten recklessly braving one of the most powertul forces of nature. The specific preventive of sunstroke will be found iu the Arora, use of cold water before the external heat has seriously affected the system, as cold water and ice are giso known to be the best restoratives in mediCal hands, aiter a sun- stroke has occurred ; but it is, of course, dangerous to drink large dra(ts of water aiter the body is greatly heated. Take a glass of water now and again, und bathe the hands and face in cold water before the heat of the skin has become excessive, and for such purposes towns aud cities should always be furnished with arin! fountains. And now for the principal Take @ handker- chief, dip it in col it out. ‘This placed in the crown of the hat, and its moistare re. newed from time oe will be oo an effectual reventive against dangerous results. rs A prety or, in the countr; bunch of green leaves, wetted, would answer equally well, and bem eh 7 moist longer. Even a dry handker- chief within the hat considerable protection to the top of the head, it seems to too often overlooked that this is the point which almost in- variably is frst adected, Biack hats conduct the heat rapidiy down to the head. The white kepl, which haa been partially introduced as @ cover to the hat, lp good the white acert twisted around le the head at He of saaiecy however ornamen may be, far less complete as a protection. ‘This branch of preventive medicine will be con- ceded to be most important and worthy of general culture, and every newspaper may aasiat in pro- asi it by giving cugrency to the foregoing a | what they could pay, were a CESPEDES AND CASTELAR. The Cuban Question Presented to the States- man in Madrid by the Pen of the Antilles Patriot, Study of “The Slaves’ Redemption” and Its Influ- ence on a Youthfal Mind—Demoeratic Enlight- enment by Means of the Press—‘‘Places of Convenience” a Heresy Against the Great Idea—Colonial Freedom or National Crime—Frison Assas- sinations in Cuba—Names 0: Some “Few” of the Murdered Dead. ‘The following special correspondence and oficial local memoranda relative to the Cuban cause and the progress of the work of lberation will com- mand the attention of the American public, and of the democracy in other lands, not only on account of the ideas which it presents but of thé pen from which it emanates and the person to whom it 1s. addressed, Coespedes to Castelar, FRANCISCO FORNARIS Y CESPEDES, MEMBER AND SECRETARY OF THE CUBAN CONGRESS, TO EMILIO CASTELAR, REPUBLIC OF CUBA, GENERAL HEADQUARTERS IN gua} May 13, 1873. DON EMILIO CASTELAR:— Sin—I was yet but young when I opened one of your books. I remember it was “The Slave’s Re- demption.”’ Ithen groaned under the weight of the greatest of despotisms, I felt upon my spirit the weight of tyranny, on my heart and body the: chains that outraged my country, Your ideas, luminous with a revelation from God, opened be- iore my eyes an immense horizon, I reared myself on the wings of your ardent imagination, on those of your admirable talent, to the elevation ofright. Your splendid and sonorous style claimed more ear than celestial music. Something’ that I had not experienced inflamed my breast and gave to my heart a temper tor hitherto unknown feehngs. It seemed as i! they had taken me by the hand to Introduce me to a new world, where justice ruled, and where all oppressed peoples asked an account from their oppressors for their tremendous iniquities. Yours were the mysterious genius, and in the heart of tyranny you took the bandage from my eyes and taught me the that could conduct me to the end of my nobiest aspirations. Later on I studied other works of yours. I fol- lowed you through the press and on the rostrum, always admiring your Colossal tntellect and pro- found erudition. Democracy ven to your word the force of the tempest and the light of the lightning. You tlinminated history and showed to the present generation the ways tliat the human race has leit bloody on the earth. You cursed ail tyrants, showing their evil deeds. In asking jus- tice for the unfortunate you consoled humanity. You had been, in fine, the rest Bropaaanelys of those new ideas which have power! fully contributed to puriiy monarchies in the decline where they are placea by the spirit of the age, raising between the victories of the multitude the glorious ensign of liberty for the nations, But a day arrived when the society among whom I was born became agitated by tne conclusions contained in OLS a epee The Sapir hour for oppressors in Arest Antille finally vibrated from the. alarm bell of passing deeds. ‘The emancipating sword of this unlortanate peo- ple was brandished in the heavens of America; and I, surrounded by the whirlwind of the eompat, and the din of arms, saw myself separated from Il contact with the rest of the world, and lost Aigut of you. THE DAY STAR PALING ITS LIGHT, Bir, afterlong days of struggle, in which I did not for a moment jorget your holy doctrines, by chante I read in @ Spanisn journal your last parliamentary speeches. When this happened, when | was persuaded—because you yourself had declared it—that before being @ republican or a democrat you were & ppauiard and a Spaniard supporting national territorial integrity; when I saw you in power, that by force of constancy and of talent you reached, with others of your party, an accomplice to the atrocities perpetrated here, to the scandal of civiliz- ation and of humanity; when I knew that the slave who im you had a hope of emanci- pation—because you had condemned slavery wher- ever your word irradiaved—here, in this unfortu- nate country, the slave groans under the lash of the taskmaster, and that you contemplated the spectacle from the height of your triumphs, in odious league with the sellers of human flesh, with the sustainers of the statu quo, 1 do not know What gusts of darkness passed my eyes, and | de- termined to address you this letter a8 an expres- s10n Of my dread surprise at 80 strange and incon- sistent an apostacy. 1, who for more than four years have combated in an unequal struggle to sustain aloft, where it has been placed by heroes, the ban- ner of the republic—I, who have suffered the crue: est pains and sacrificedthe dearest affections of my heart jor the advancement of the ideas which your books and your speeches inspired me—I tell you, Sir, that your actual political conduct has produced in My spirit @ sense of the most immense decep- tion and has wrested from my mind one of my most valued convictions, THE VANOPLY OF GENIUS PERFORATED BY THE PUNCTURE OF POLITICS. I thought you invulnerable, sir. I looked upon you as one of those geniuses whom the Eternal Power sends from time to time onearth to enchant it by his Words and regenerate it by his ideas. Per- haps I was not entirely mistaken; perhaps this apostacy is only apparent; perhaps you have had to subserve the exigencies oj a painful policy; per- adventure you temporize to-day with the uprea- sonable and the unjust to raise yourself to-morrow on their puin and to cement forever the establial ment of right and of liberty; perhaps you contrit- ute. to drown in Cuba the republican pretext of a badly understood patriotism, so (nat, as you reason in Spain, that same idea should take | root and grow. A bad path you have taken, sir. | Permit me to say that your conduct is worthy of censure. If you were # propagandist gou should know how to be a martyr, aoc uot put yourself in places of convenience, tbat discredit the cause which you defend, énly thus could you con- tinue being a distingnisned representative of the greatidea. You had feared ¢ work of your own hands because the enterprise is gigantic, and now, nearly at the moment of finishing it, you wish to soll your device by faise and criminal change, You preach cmancipation of the slaves when it was Bot realizuvie, aud to-day there are bondmen in Cuba and in Porto Rico, notwith- | standing that you and your co-politicigns are at the front of affairs tn Spain. You condemn the perverse policy of the men who preceded you in power, and, instead of dimin- ishing, have augmented here the barvarities of a war without quarter. What matters it if ute end be laudable when the means employed are odious ¢ Think you that the tears and the biood of a people who have struggied tor years for their independeuce weigh so little in the balance of conscience ¢ Is it necessary that you sacrifice for the happiness of the Spaniards fiat of the Cubans? Is the blood shied by the sons of the Peninsula not sufficient for Fig? oWn political aud social regeneration without ts being {indispensable for Cuba to suffer a horri- ble martyrdom on the altar of @ metropolis that so much has tyrannized over her? THE BANNER OF UNIVERSAL FREEDOM. Well may a successful exit crown your efforts, Well may the Spanish Republic prop itself up and become stable. But, I tell you, sir, that, above all the glories which could tllumt the ranks of your party, the spirit of humanity, the spiric of jus- tice and of right will always prevail, showing to all nations in the pages of the republican democratic history of Ya country that the erent of your actual policy with the inquisitorial policy of the tyrannical domination in the Antilles is an in- compatible consort of opposing opinions, to pro- duce, by deception and falsehood as auxiliaries, a fruit, Which perhaps may be ephemeral, at the cost we continuation of tremendous and unqualified ¢rimes. Excuse the frankness with which the foregoing thoughts are expressed, offsprings of ci dent character and of a paimiul erro! the assurances of my highest consideration. servant, &c., FRANCISCO FONWARIS Y CESPEDES, Member of the Cuban Congress, Prison As: ination. The following are extracts from the diary of a Cuban political prisoner, written while in the hands of the Spaniards, and translated for the HERALD ;— = Your MEMORANDA. A few days after the breaking out of the insur- rection in these parts the Lieutenant Governor ot Manzanillo, Major Francisco Fernandez de la Re- fan was relieved by Colonel J Ampudia y minguez, who at first covered bis avariciousness under & simulated exterior, and everybody looked for the speedy termination of the war in this dis- trict under the direction of so upright and able a soldier; but he could not conceal for along time his sordid likings, similar to. the stealthy cat, that plays with her prize before devouring it. The first Reger of his speculative administration was the licensing of w mS umber of coffee houses, where, for the traveller, there were only & bad counter and @ few dozens of vettic but where, WA and aay. without ceasing, at tl instigation of the Police Commissioner, Carlos Maria Madrofal, layed all prohibited gam- th severest fine and corruption has raved’ of areh a ed @ KOUTCE of gre; to ampli A muiateo named Riduetin yor paid him an onnce ($17, gold) daily for permis- ston to play prohibited games. The coffee house of @ negro named Delfin Socarras gave half an ounce ($8 50, gold) to the Governor for a like per- mission. Gradually the other ioace accorJing to jowed Jor money to RSDAY, JULY 3. 1873—TRIPLE SHEET. ao what was prohibited by law. 1 had a frie! who, lor $4.0 an was allowed also to cacnclien a coffee house, wi (in derision) he called “Glorias The permissto: obtained through the Police Commissioner, prarenal. Ip these hells, which are iy, prenibitea by yaw, pany persons come to ruin bankruptcy, only case—that of Captain Marti Lerida—wno rted the ranks of the ‘Spaniards id. paased over to the ippurganee, besaune of hav- ie arm: bled at the to th Eng aaiied ray io, no , id dollars, lost mostly in the gaul house of Fijol, under the runnin, bling the press ice of Ampudia, who, without ne e 8 of chance, has secured an ounce of gold in winnings every night. Amopudia had at his moe! the, confiscated stock farms of accused Baptgen He employed men whose only duty it SeatnSe Nana Sty snd ncaa ry lem on the steamer Giga Vitlactar to Banta; or ‘a de Cuba, re to realize their prices. go a ‘The number of cattle thus disposed of cannot be less than a thousand head, without any one knowing what has been pe) with the large suma thus received by Am- VESSELS OF GOLD AND SILVER. ‘There lives here a silversmith named Carlos Sil- vevia, He can enumerate the jewelry of geal gold and atlver, with set; of fine sto! and Watches that have passed through his hands, in his character of expert and valuator, to fill the coffers of the Governor—ot course, all acquired for a thira 't of their value. As a cage in T cite the jewels of the licentlate Juan Sanctiex Isa- Sargent” ‘te wie and agi of te “eeutonen . wite and family of this gentle) remained in the town. The wile and ly Of this gentleman remained tn the town. But, their means Of support becoming scarce, the iamily determined to seek the father and husband in the fleld, and to thatend all their jewels were sold to Ampudia, who, without considering . his rank, . posi- tion or the pi he receives irom the nation, found no difficulty in converting uimself into a vile traMcker, to purchase these goods from. the family of an insurgent—effects that perhaps, by the right of embargo, belonged to his govern- ment, A friend of mine, recently arrived from Bar- celona, afforded me sn opportunity to personally Prove the truth of these vile tr: long. He Sent for the ailveramith. Silvevia, to gell jewels and pine. I went with them. ‘I wish,” answered ilvevia, ‘to take them to the party eaniag to duy;’’ and straightway he took. themt to the Gov- ernor’s house, alterwards cotifeasing that it was he who wanted them. Our Governor was the man who wanted to buy the articies at filty centa the ounce in weight, so that he aspired to gain double Als money, besides the workmanship, on plate that had never been used, HOW THM TRADE GOES ON* The propagation of gambling, the sale of beeves and the purchase of preclous metals are three great branches o/ business thatin a few months have enriched the Governor of Manzanillo. PAYING HIMSELF, 1 shall mention a few acts of the Police Commis- sloner, whom | formerly knew as corporal of night Watchmen, When. he entered into the discharge of the daties of hig new employment, he adapted himself pertectly to the character of Ampudia. This municipality, Yor want of funds, has not been able to give him any pay, for to any others of its dependants. Maarefial possesses to-day a consid- erable number of beeves, amon; cows, from which he supplied, during the long siege suffered by the town, a milk daity, and favored the peonle by selling milk at the rate of torty cents a ttle. PRISON KREP MORALS. I shall now speak of the jail keeper of Manza- nillo. He 18 a retired sergeant, named Juan Bon- astre y Benabent, a native of Valencia, in Spain. ‘Three years ago he entered on the discharge of his duties, with the salary of @ month. During this time he has kept @ well furnished house and @ table equal to any in the town. One who knows Cuba will amrm that he spends each month for his vable alene at least three times the sum of his pay; so that im three years of service, Geen which he has received no pay from the Cor- poration, he has been able togatisly all his caprices, at the same time that he never wanted half a dozen of gold ounces in his pocket, besides having to-day a apiisl of five or. six thousand dollars, trom what he has saved Ce ning the pris- oners. From this the reat may imagine how much the stomachs of the unfortunates committed to his care have suffered; taking also inte account that he had to share the swindle, so that he might do it in safety. nsiderable number of us, poiltical prisoners, all friends, Were together in a corridor when we heard one day the grating of the lock-hinges of the iron bara, and saw a bed brought in on the shoul- ders of our men, A wounded man, doubled up in a bloody sheet, was lying on it. The untfortu- nate man was José Manuel de Biritan, His sufferings were such as move a heart of stone, The poor fellow was naked, having ny the bloody ehget to cover his body, which contained sixteeif bullet and bayo- net wounds. He had been in the hospital and was brought irom thence to the cell opposite our cor- ridor, The nourishment they gave him was the same as to the other prisoners—a plate of rations at nine o'clock in the morning and another at four in tne evening, But what rations! A little rice and hard peas, half raw, swimming about in salt water. A good day it was when in that disgusting soup was mixed a piece of lean beef. ‘The conduct of the keeper toward his wounded prisoner soon changed. One morning he ordered that better Jood should be given him. He gave him a change of clotaes, had the sheet changed, giving an ad- ditional oue, and animated him with cheering con- versation. Afterwards he visited the prisoner every morning, and made the hospital practitioner take care o1 his wounds. I noted this sudden change on the part of the turnkey, and, in his forced siniles and assumed good nature, concluded there lurked some secret danger to poor Biritan. His wounds were already closed, and to the paleness of deati had succeeded a healthy color of flesh, und his brow bore the aspect of satistaction and cheer- lulness. Bonastre entered one lovely morning With an aspect of gladness more than on other oc- casions. He said, “Friend Biritau, to-day you will be released, now that your wounds are completely cured, as the other political prisoners have been pardoned by the provisional government; you will ce your mother and your brother, whom ‘you #0 much desire to behold; but remember me, who nave taken such good care of you, so that you can resume your labors in the fieid and enjoy the hap- piness that industry offers.’* A BLOODY DRED AND THE DARK VALLEY. At the grating of the corridor Licutenant Vicente Rios awaited Siritan. Lobserved the indeseriva- bie ferocity aud gladuexs that lighted the lace of Bonastre, and overheard the sarcastic accent in which he said to that officer, “Take care of him you asl have, so that he remembers us weil and feels by all means his separation,” Rios treacher- ously assassinated Birttan in the Ingenio of Silve- rio Valerino, & league from Manzanilio. This is one of the brave deeds that to-morrow will be cer- tified to in the service sheet of this officer, “DONE TO. DEATH.” In the second period of my imprisonment they brought from the field the family of an insurgent chief named Ladislao Garces, composed o1 the mother and etght children, one at the breast and the eldest @ girl of fiiteen years. Ali were shut up together in oue of the cells that was about filteen jeet square. They bad no place to sit down or rest but the ground, which they covered with their wretched clothing at the hour of going to sleep. They all got sick because of the bad food, little ventilation and the coldness of the Noor upon which they lay. The child, who the mother yet nursed, was the first to feel the terrible effects of yellow fever. On the third day the unhappy | woman knew that her infant was expiring for the want of some medicine, and she begged the cell fl to tell Bonastre ot its condition. He went to the ceil smiling with gladness in the presence of | that unhappy spectacie, saying to the weeping mother, “Do not tear, scnora; if the child dies we will bury it; there will be no want of a hand- barrow and a couple of negroes to lift the chiid.”’ Bratal words, worchy of a ‘age only. He ofiered to send a physician, but sy J out prohibited one’s being called, although the doctor lived about forty yards from the jail. The child died the tol- them some lost lowing day, and, to fill the formula, a} doctor was then called, who did nothing more than certify the death. I, who have a family in the town, and am,le means for them to rare. my Wants, Was not per- mitted to use a cot bed or blanket until after two months’ imprisonment, during which time my bed was a maton the ground. Here is the order of the Governor permitting me the use of a bea:— “The jail keeper will allow Mr.—— the use of a cot bed and a blanket, Manzanillo, December 13, 1868, The Governor: Ampudia,”’ Bonastre is a tyrant with absolute power in ail things concerning the prisoners. The City Magis- trates, who should visit the jail and see aiter the treatment of the prisoners, never go there. Dur. ing three months, the time of my first imprison- ment, I never sq@w one of them visit the jail. The prisoners suffer whatever punishment Bonastre may be pleased to inflict upon them jor the slight- est omission. None of the articles of the jail regu- lations are observed by this employé, who only at- tends to two things:—Steal ail he cam and inflict ag much punishment as posaibie on the unhappy persons who have the mistortune to fall tuto bis power. THE ASSASSINATION OF PURB' AND LORENTR. Juan Puebla was made prisoner on the 4th of Au- gust, Antonio Molero on the 19th, Juan Pontes on the 13th and Jesus Lorente on the 29th of the same month, 1 shall speak of these four victims, these beings, wire, in the dark shades of mystery, were immolated to the barbarous vengeance and grovel- ling tdeas of their enemies. The cause of locking up Puebla, he toid me, was because the govern. ment suspected his complicity with the insurgents, judging trom what he could gather from the ques- ‘tions put to him by the Governor @ tew minutes after bis arrest. The others did not know what wits ‘the reason of their apprehension, The au- tho¥ities put no questions wo them. They knew ‘nothing whatever until the last moment of the | reason why they were arrested, ‘Juan Puebla and his three companions were ap- rehended in their houses, having their police jocumenta and other papers from the autnorities | in good order, They may have been guilty of con- | spiration, but I defy the authorities of Manzanillo to show the slightest proof of their triais having been even commenced ; so that In virtue of no con- viction were these four beings hurried out of ex. | istence. But, in connection with this quadruple assassin: tion, read the following document, which is a copy of the original in my possession :— To tmx Covonst, Minitany Lixutenant Goversor oF bla, of this neighborhood, with respect MOLERO, PONTES | | ing purposes; that that amount, espec: their famili them by the pervoual labor always hard, butt the preseet stances, as Your Worship will A compre more ai These clrcummlancey aud hat of Your Petitioner belng a sexagenarfan, impel him feat your ationtion, in view of the “act that the ‘delay im the conducted inst his son & ves and the happiness of the beings torming his family, sane i. ur were Maple ee be er t m a be © that tho inno inculpabiiity of the emien, so that tee inasouses aan pou ccused may spee ear, obtaininy Dis liberation and return’ to. his ocupation that brings im the necessary meqne of sappost? e his satorsanai 2 med appears, asking race ani vs imous heart God ny, the under; ‘ors ur magnan' auard Your Worshtp's life for re MANgaNiLco, Aughet 18 1560. MIGUEL PUEBLA.” pe document bears the following endorse The jail keeper wilt now ® prisoner under Nischarge, aa Tueblm who te BY order of the Colouel, the ccretary, Maxzamiizo, August 20, 1999, “H#ARDO ALBORNOS, resented bis The aged father, as we have seen, jay of August, petition to the Governor on the 18th jourteen days alter the imprisonment of his son. Twelve days afterwards, on the s0th of the same month, tlre Governor, by decree at the toot of the same petition, ordered the release of Juan Puebla. But this unhappy victim and his three unfortunate companions were taken from the jail the night be- fore, a little after one o’clock, by Lieutenant Rios, strongly bound, and conducted to a place called the Palamar, near this town, where they were as- sassinated by the machete, so that the noise of shots might not betray the commission of this un- fortunate crime. Wai ig the release of Puebla Governor Ampudia must have ordered the assassination of him and his three fellow prisoners, else why did he not punish Rios for taking them from the prison and ki lng Shem ? And why did he not punish Bonastre, the jail keeper, for delivering up the risoners given’ to his charge without an order rom the proper authority * The parents, families, brothers and sisters of Puebla, Molero, Apoute and Lorente live, some in the town nnd others in the district of Manzanillo, y with tears wil! confirm the commission of Oe means ot exalt one the Heelies of wn will recount to yo! cases like t and worse, than this, baidas v THR ROLL OF THE MURDERED DEAD. The foliowing list was given by General Modesto Diaz to the HERALD commissioner when in the Cuban camp in Cetba:. List of assassinations committed by the Spanish columns that pursued the citizen General Modesto Diaz in the months of May and April, 1872:— 1, Juana Gregoria Gonzales, put in the stocks and killed by five machete blows; forty-three years of age; quadroon. 2. Josefa Tamayo; killed by the machete; fifty years old; quadroon. 8. Encamacion Tamayo; killed by the machete; thirty years old; mulatt 4. Lorenza Martinez; killed by the machete; seventy years old; white. 5. Jnana Tamayo; killed by the machete ; twenty- six years:old; quudroon. 6. Caridad Martinez, pregnant and having a child of some three years of killed by the machete; twenty-seven years ol adroon. 7. Juana Peregri nchez; killed by the machete ;, ninety years old. 8. Angela Sanchez; killed by the machete; twenty-five years old; muiatto, 9. Isabel Hernandez; killed by the machete; white. 10. Amelia Calderon; filled by the machete; twenty-five years old; mulatto. 11, Sandieza Tamayo; killed by the machete; forty-five years old; mulatto. 12, Juana Martinez; killed by the machete; forty years old; muiatto. 13. Angela Cajiete; killed by the machete; fifteen years old; mulatto. 14, Ana Juaquina Cafiete; killed by the machete; twenty-five years old; mulatto. 15, Teresa de la Rosa; kitled by the machete; forty-eight years old; mulatto. 16. Mannela de la Koga; killed by the machete; sixteen years old; mulatto. 1%. Juana Antonia de la Rosa; killed by the machete ; thirty-two years old; mulatto. 18, Lucrecia de ta Rosa; killed by the machete; ten years old; mulatto, 19, Rosa Corrales; killed by the machete; Mity years old; white, 20. Caridad Catasus: killed by the machete ; forty- six years old; mulatto, 21, Maria H-rnandez; killed by the machete; seventy-five years old; quadroon, 22. Dolorus Hernandez; killed by the machete; twenty years old; mulatto, 23, Ana Rodriguez; killed by the machete; nine- teen years old; mulatto. 24, Ineg Torres; killed by the machete; forty yéars old; mulatto. 25. Solidad Castro, anda female child of three Years old; torty-two years; both mulatto; killed by the machete, ~ 26. Cancepcion Dominguez ; killed by the machete; fiiteen years old; mulatto. 27. Cancepcion Marino; killed by the machete; twenty-two years old; white. And two others, whose names are not known; one, child cf three months. THE PHILADELPHIA sare IAL EXPOfl- Ne poaineet SrSeeee Sy: PHILADELPHIA, July 2, 1873. The proclamation of the President of the United States deciaring the Centennial Anniversary of the United States to Le held at Philadelphia, com- mencing on the 15th of April, 1876, and endingon the 19th of October of that year, is now in the hands of the Commission. On the Fourth of July next it will be officially proclaimed. The Presi- dent recites section eighth of the act creating the Commission, viz.:—‘‘An act to provide for celebrat- ing the one hundreith anniversary of American independence by holding au Internatonal Exhivi- tion of arts, manufactures and products of soil and mine, in the city of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, in the year 1876.” Section eighth re- quires that whenever the President shall be in- formed by the Governor of Pennsylvania that provision has heen made for the erection of suitable buildings tor the pur- pnsd and for the exclusive control by the Jomimission herein provided for of tne proposed exhibition, the President shall, througu the De- partment of State, make proclamation of the same, setting forth the time at which it will be held, and he shall communicate to the diplomatic representatives of all nations copies of the same, together with such regulations as may be adopted by the Commisstoners, for pablication in their re- spective countries. The Governor of the State has already complied with this provision of the act. The President of the United States will be absent jrom the preliminary ceremonies of the Fourth of daly next in conseqence of the respect due to his father’s memory, but he will be represented by his Cabinet, and the proclamation as above stated wiil be oMcially read on the transfer of the property, at the park, from the city of Philadelphia to the ple of the United States and tae good will of all the nations. In conversation with Governor Hawley, who is in town to-day and will remain during the week, and General Norton, the following tacts were as- certained:—The State and city here raised more than one for, The different States pro rata, according to their popu- lation, ‘The plans for the buildings are to be sub- mitted to the C on Architecture on the 15th of July. Over one hundred and ninety appli- cations have been received from the architects throughout the country, and aiready views of some of these plans are displayed on Chestnut street. The indications of the original designs are mainly national in their characteristics. The buildings are to cover fifty acres of ground, and it is estimated that not lest than filty thousand different articles of tht country and the Old Worid will be displayed. ‘Th arrangewent and classification have been pr pared by Professor Wm. P. Blake, formerly Unite States Commissioner to the Paris Exhibition, up: the plan of that exhibition, somewhat improve It is stated by the committee that at ler $1,000,000 are to be appropriated jor medals ¢ awards, They say, in thelr enthusiasm, whict is to be hoped, facts will warrant for our mutuat beneft, that Americd in rt Bes confict Shall not onty stand toremost, buf rival France in the Manulactnrcs of silks and wines, and that in the manufacture of iron she shall compete with ben, analy in her produce of leather vie with Russia, and even in fine arts attempt to approach Italy. NEW DOMINION OFFICIALS. Orrawa, July 2, 1873. The following arrangement of places in the Cabinet has been effected :—Hon. Alexander Camp- bell, Minister of the interlor; Hon. Jonn O’Connor, Postmaster General; Hon. J. N, Gibbs, Minister of Speed Berens Hon, Hugh MacDonald, Minister ol the THE ANNUAL MEDICINE DANCE. Sr, Lovrs, Mo., July 2, 1873. A gentleman who has just arrived here from Fort Sill, Indian Territory, says the Kiowa and Cheyenne Indians, who recently left their reserve” Late ore area q hey had been out to be their annual medicine dance. ; One hundred squaws, captured by Colone: Mac- kenzie irom the Comanches while off their C#erva- tion, and who were imprisoned at For vom a Texas, were returned to their tribe thFee weeks ago. Ata meeting of the Board of Potic® held yeater: day afternoon, the following regolUtions were passed :— Resolved, That the commantcation of the Comptroll sa seer tarnat, Me cpenmaantcation of tne aly ga per month Will be permitted to be drawn {or ats me of a ear, is entirely 1 wate, and that the Committee treet Cleaning te in ted for’ fr teat amteay whee Dreurenes eae ee ee eee wil means to clean streets they will necessariiY D€ left in a state dangerous to public health. Resolved, the Committee on street Cleaning U® instructed to intorm ‘or of the effect of the cir- the adeq' in before Your Honor, says:—That his son, uebia, who is also father of three children, a cular of the Comptrotier and acquaint him ot the danger to the public health which will arise irom insudicient cleaning af the streets,