The New York Herald Newspaper, April 10, 1861, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD. | JAMES GORDON BENNETT, EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR, OFFICE N. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. Mt ‘ut “Bank TH® DAILY HERALD, awo cents per copy, $1 per ann THE WEEKLY HERALD, every Satur lay, af mz, ce” epy, or $3 per annum ; the Buropeon Edition every Wedne nent by mail will be at the Dilla current in New York um. ver (tin canta per copy, $4 per annuin any part of eal Br ‘at $6 12 to any part of the Continent, both to include postage, ¢ * ea ihe lat Tish ond ‘Dat of cack month, at iz Conte 2 75 Ne fe STM P kal on Wednesday, ot four conte por copy or $2 por annum No. 99 Volume XXVI AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. | ACADEMY OF MUSIC, Fourteenth sireet Iranian Orgxa—La Jvivs. NIBLO'S GARDEN, Broadway. ning—Nixoy’s Korat Crncus BR GARDEN, Broadway, opposite Bond street. Fy REYOKM—F'LEASANT NEIGHBOR. —Afiernoon and Even: ScuooL o! THEATRE, Bowery—Afternoon and Even- Phd yh & Rocsxs’ Equest Rourke. WauLava’s THEATKR, Broaaway.—Lexuuerre—Foury asp Furry, i WAILACK’S THEATRE, Brosdway.—Hawnixtrs—Foury anv Firtr, LAURA KEBNE’S THEATRE, No. 5% Buven BioTERS NEW BOWERY THEATER, Bowory.—Rac Picker or New York—Sritrine—Rarwonn ano AGNES Sroadway.— THEATRE FRANCAIS, No. 685 Broadway —Les Cano- TIERS Dk LA SKINK—UBADRILLON—UN ALLC MOTTE BATE | Deux Prox, BARNUM'S AMERICAN MUSEUM, #Brosdway.—Day and Evening—Fuvina Dutonman—eaks, Sea LION AND OrukE Cv mosiTins. NIBLO'B SALOON, Broadw: Bunixsgues, Sones, Dances, & —LLOWD'S MINSTRELS IN Bitty Parrenson. MELODEON CONCERT HALL, No, 899 Brondway.— Bones, Danows, Buacesquys, £0. *s Dramatic BEAD ATHENEUM, Brooklyn.—Vaxvenno: INGS. New York, Wednesday, Aprii 10, i861, ty ¥ Wo a" i} MAILS FOK EUBUPE. j Whe New York Herald—KEdition for Kurope. ‘The Cunard mail steamship Africa, Captain Cook, will leave this port this afternoon, for Liverpool The Eurdpean mails will close in this city at two o’olock this afternoon. The Evrorgan Evinion ov 11 Tikka will be published at ten o'clock in the morning. Single copics, in wrap- | pera, Bix cents. | The contents of the Fuxorran Epmion or ram Heracn will combine the news received by mail and telegraph at | the office during the previous week, and up to the hour | of publication. MLS FOR THE PACIFIC, New York Herald—Caltformt= naition. ‘The steamship Northorn Light, Capt. Tinklepaugh, will leave this port to-morrow, at noon, for Aspinwall. The mails for California and other parts of the Pacitic will close at ten o'clock to-morrow morning. The New Yors Wexary Hxnaip—Calitornia edition— oontaining the latest intelligence from ull parts of the world, with a large quantity of local and miscollanoous matter, will be published at half-past eight o'clock in the morning. Single copies, in wrappors, ready for mailing, six cents. Agents will pleaso sond in their ordors as early as pos sible. The accounts this morning from Charleston | portant. NEW. YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 10, 1861-TRIPLE SHEET. Duke Constantine announcing the royal determi- nation. We atso publish this morning an important | speech from Count Cavour upon the Papal ques- tion, together with the Pope’s late allocution. In consequence of the 29th and 30th being ob- served as bolidays in England, our commercial ad- vices are but little varied from those received by the Edinburg and Canadian. The mail by the steamship Canadian, which ar- rivedat Portland on Monday with European ad- vices to the 29th ult., reached this city yesterday morning. The overland express arrived at Fort Kearney yesterday with advices from British Columbia to the 18th, Oregon and Washington to the 20th, and San Francisco to the 29th ult. Heavy rains had prevailed at San Francisco, but notwithstanding business had somewhat revived. The whaling fleet off the coast of Lower Califernia are reported to have taken ordinarily favorable fares. In the Cali- fornia Legisiature the Senatorial question still re- mained unsettled. It was understood that Mr. McDougall, the United. States Senator elect, was willing to surrender his present advantage and go into a new election. A bill had been introduced offering a premium of ten thousand dollars to any person who shall first grow on California soi! and prepare for market one hundred bales of cotton. The news from Oregon and Washington is unim- Lady Franklin arrived at Victoria on the 17th ult. from Fraser river. The Stute Senate spent a great portion of yes- terday’s session over the Annual Supply bill, except in a deteched-fort here and there. We! whom this child bas been very dear, and wit desire to restore this displaced sutnortty of the | out making a chow of grief they wiil undoubt- United States in its full integrity, How is chis | to be done? By entering into a war wilh the seceded States for the continued oceupation of those detached forts? No. A war will only widen the breach and enlarge and consolidate this Southern confederacy, on the one hund, while, on the other hand, it will bring ruin upon the commerce, the manufactures, the financial and industrial interests of our Northern cities and States, and may end in an oppressive military despotism. How then are we to restore these seceded States to the Union? We can do it only by conciliation and compromise. The border slave States still adhering to the Union are anxious to act as mediatore with the seceded States, The Union mon of Virginia, ia their State Convention, for many weeks have been laboring faithfully avd earnestly to bold that great State within the Union as affording the indispensable base of operations for the reten- tion of the border slave States and the recovery of all the seceded States. Her Convention, driven at length to extremities by the pressure of her public opinion, has detailed a special commission of three—Messre. Stuart, Preston and Randolph—te wait upon Mr. Lincoln and inquire whether his Union policy means peace or war. A republican cotemporary intimates which was fivaliy passed. Several bills were re- ported favorably from the committees—among them that to prevent the sale of impure milk. The committee having in charge the inyesti- gation of the alleged Harbor Master corrup- ticns made their report, inculpating two of the accused and requesting their re- moval by the Governor. In the Assembly the Senate’s amendments to the Appropriation bill were concurred in, and a large number of bills were reported from the committees. The Assem- bly gave to the Broadway Railroad its sleeping potion for the present session, at least, by laying it on the table, in Committee of the Whole, py a vote of 73 to 38. The rush at the Custom House yesterday was | not quite so vigorous as on Monday, but stiil enough was made to keep three persons well em- ployed for an hour. A sketch will be found in an- other column. A seizure of diamond jewelry was made yester- day on board the steamship Persia, one of the passengers having about three hundred dollars worth upon his person, which goods were at once seized by officer Brown. This is the first case that has come before Mr. Barney for his decision. The passenger asserta,they are for private use, and not for sale. The Board of Supervisors met last cyening, but did uot transact any by=\ness of importance. The report of 85 Uomptroller to the 6th of April shows a balance of $59,730 57. A report of the committee in favor of paying ex-Judge A. D. Russel $1,000 for extra clerk hire, was laid over. ‘The cotton market yesterday was comparatively quict. ‘The sales footed up about 1,500 bales, in lots, closing at 124. @127;c., with some parcels reported at 13c. for middling uplands. The Persia’s news had no effect upon the market. Flour was in fair request and tolerably active, but at rather easier rates for common brands of State and Western, while extra grades were unchanged. Wheat was rather easier, while sales were (air, chiefly for exports. Corn was heavy and lower, while sales were tolerably active. Pork was firm, with sales of mess at $17 373, while at the close $17 50 was asked; prime sold at $12 75 a$13. Beef was firm, witha fair amount of sales. Su. guars were steady, with a fair amount of sales at rates corroborate the information relative to the designs of the administration, which was publish- ed in yesterday's paper. Seven United States vessels are reported off Charleston, but is said the supply vessels had not arrived yesterday, and until they reach there no demonstration will be made. The Confede- rate States forces are fully prepared for the con- flict. Captain Talbot arrived at Charleston on Monday night with despatches for Major Ander- son, but he was not permitted to proceed to Fort Sumter, and therefore left on his return to Wash- ington the same night. Mail communication with the fort is, however, still uninterrupted, and Major | Anderson is doubtless apprised of the igns of the administration, and prepared to co-operate | with the fleet. We may expect news of the com- mencement of hostilities at any moment. The warlike operations of the government con- tinue to be vigorously prosecuted. The steamer | transports Baltic and Illinois cleared the bar at | this port early yesterday morning, bound south- ward. Orders were issued yesterday by the Navy Department to have the Wabash, Vincennes and Savannah, at Brooklyn, and the Jamestown, at Philadelphia, fitted for active service with despatch. It is stated that the administration hope, by the appearance of an immense naval force off the Southern coast, to overawe the au- thorities of the seceded States, and bring them to terms, There are reports of contemplated changes in the Cabinet. Mr. Chase, Secretary of the Trea- sury, will, it is said, be appointed a Supreme Court Judge; Mr. Cameron will go into the Trea. sury Department aud John Miner Botts, of Vir- ginia, will be appointed Secretary of War in place of Mr. Cameron. (Governor Curtin sent a special message into the Legislature of Pennsylvania yesterday, calling at- tention to the military organization of the Siaie, and recommending the Legislature to muke immediate provision for the re- | Movel of the defects now existing by | piven in another column. Coffee was in fair reqnest and prices unchanged — Freights were steady for grain and ilour to-London, while to Liverpool rates for both corn ond flour were casier. Cotton was engaged to the extent of 600 @ 700 bales at 3-16d. per ib. The War Policy of the Administration and the Probable Consequences. Civil war is close at hand. The news that it has been inaugurated in a bloody conflict at ; Charleston may reach us at any moment. Lieu- tenent Talbot, of Fort Sumter, on his return journey to Major Anderson, has been detained at Charleston; 80 that the instructions which he carries to that officer are cut off. Thus the gal- lant Major will be left to his own discretion, although, from the signal lights which nightly now he displays from his stronghold, it would appear that he expects relief, and is prepared to co-operate with any relieving force that may show itself at the entrance of the harbor. It also appears that the effort will surely be made, under the flag of the United States, to run the gauntlet of the hostile forts and batteries which must be passed to reach Fort Sumter, and it is morally certain that any such attempt will re- sult in a bloody conflict, or in the ignominious retreat of our relieving squadron. We are not disposed to conjecture that a mere pretence of relief to Major Anderson is the policy of Mr. Lincoln. Our warlike republican cotemporaries of this city, es- pecially the terrible Horace Greeley, as- sure us that the administration is in earnest in this matter, and henceforward abandons the thankless policy of forbearance and indul- gence with “rebels and traitors.’ The coun- try has been deceived, Wall street has been overreached, the secessionists themselves have been led astray, by the late pacific manifesta- tions and professions of the government at Washington, and particularly by its doleful eaabliching a miliary bureau at the capital, by modifying the militia laws and by making a proper distribution of arms, Ac. He calls atten- tion to the serious jealousies and divisions dis- tracting the public mind, and the military orga- nization» of a formidable character, seemingly not demanded by an existing public exigency, in cer- | tain States, | Several canses of dispute turned up yesterday | relative to the new Morrill tariff. When the tariff | will be properly understood is doubtless among | the things that may be looming in the future, but there seems to be no chance of such a blessing yet awhile, The steamship Persia, Captain Judkivs, from Liverpool 30th via Queenstown 3lst ult., arrived at this port early yesterday morning, having made the quickest passage between Europe and the United Siates on record, the time beiug eight days and fifteen hours, apparent time. She brings two days later intelligence, her usual freight and paa- Benger list aod $288,140 in specie, king, with the sum received by the Canadian at Portland on Monday, $24,490,425 received since December 1, ‘The warlike tone of our Continental advices con tinnes, The statement that Austria was con | centrating large bodies of troops in Venetia and | making warlike preparations in general, is re. | iterated. It was said that 50,000 men were in| movement. Austrian officers were said to regard | hostilities as more and more probable. Extensive | military preparations are aleo being made in Freuce. Advices from Copenhagen state that the Danish government, without departing from its concilia- tory gititude, is making preparations to be ready for all eyentualitics, The Seventh and Twentieth battalions are about to receive orders to march for Bonderbyrg and Schicewig. On the 15th April the effective of the battalions will be doubled. A battery of rifled cannon is ready, and three others, after the French model, will be ready in the course of next month, confessions of the necessity of evacuating Fort Sumter. With a relieving squadron en route to that point, we are admonisbed of the necessity of holding that position, and of the duty of re- lieving it, even at the hazard of war; and we are further advised that this has been the de- liberate and inflexible purpose of Mr. Lincoln from the beginning. Anticipating, then, the speedy inauguration of civil war at Charleston, at Pensacola, or in Texas, or, perhaps, at all these places, the in- quiry is forced upon us, What will be the pro- bable consequences? We apprehend that they will be: first, the secession @f Virginia and the other border slave States, and their union with the Confederate States; secondly, the organiza- tion of an army for the removal of the United States ensign and authorities from every for- tress or public building within the limits of the Confederate States, including the White House, the Capitol, and other public build- ings at Washington. After the secession of Virginia from the United States, it is not likely that Maryland can be restrained from the same decisive act. She will follow the for- tunes of Virginia, and will undoubtedly claim that, in withdrawing from the United States, the District of Columbia reverts into her possession under the supreme rights of revolution. Here we have verge and scope enough for a civil war of five, ten or twenty years duration. What for? To “show that we have a govern- ment’’-—to show that the seceded States are still in our Union, and are still subject to its laws and authorities. This is the fatal mistake of Mr. Lincoln, and his Cabinet, and his party. | The simple truth, patent to all the world, is, that the seceded States are out of our Union, and that these distinguished visiters, who have ar- rived at Washington, will go away not much wieer than when they came. The nex! result, then, to be apprebended is the precipitate se- cession of Virginia, and next the speedy mus- tering of fifty. thousand men within ber borders for warlike operations. Thus the only means for the restoration of the Union—to wit, forbearance, conciliation and compromise—appear to have beeu finally discarded at Washington The Union, we are told, is worth the desperate remedy of civil war; while common sense and the experience of all mankind revolt at this remedy as utterly subversive of everything in the shape of preexisting institutions. Had “Honest Abe Lincoln,” as the first measure of his ad- ministration, issued his call for an early extra session of Congress in reference to the exigen- cies of this fearful crisis of disunion, revolution and impending civil war, and had he provided an armistice with the seceded States for the in- terregnum, he might have opened the way to us, North and South. far @ nappy deliverance. | With the assemblin~ bee aungneaes & message from him to both houses, recommending the Crittenden peace propositions as the basis of a Union saving compromise, wouid have initi- ated the good work. But the abolition war | edly spffer deeply May we be prrwitted to cffer our condolence to the parties igmediately concerned, including our philanthrepic avd philosophical friends of tne Tribune? . Be of good cheer. As long 4s there is a Broadway there will be a Broadway Raslrowd bill. It is pot dead, but sleepeih The Proposed ‘reasury Note Issue. Now tbat Mr. Lincolo’s administration have actually commenced, a civil war, it seems an unfortunate time for Mr. Chase to throw $5,000,000 in treasury notes on the market, and capitalists will be afraid to touch them at par, especially as, owing to the operation of the Morrill tariff, there is no prozpect of reveaue to pay those notes when they become due, and there is no other security to back them The first murwurings of the thuvder at Charleston and Pensacola have already affected wll securi- ties; when real hostilities commence public credit will be more seriourly damaged. That the Morrill tariff will have the effect of diverting the great bulk of the imports to the Southern ports there cannot be the shadow of a doubt. The English and the French press and the New York papers, with one exception, agree about it. The only journalist in this city who advocates the vew tariff is a philosopher of the ultra revolutionary type It was said of the Bourbons that they never learned to forget anything; and the same may be said of tuis radical editor, illustrating the maxim that ex- tremes meet. Even the Courier and Enquirer, though an advocate of a protective tariff, says:— “Never, in our judgment, was there such an ill-timed measure enacted as our tariff law which went into operation on the Istof April.” Another republican journal of this city says “it is quite likely to deprive the federal govern ment almost entirely of its revenues.” We have already reproduced the opinions of the French and English press on the subject. We have quoted the metropolitan organs of British commerce to show that the cou mercial interests of New York will be ruined, and that the Southern ports will become enriched at our expense, ‘To these testimonies we may add that of a well known Liverpool commercial paper, Gore’s General Advertiser. In a recent issue it says “the Northern tariff must enlist the esmpethies of the whole commercial world on staat “This suicidal tariff,’ it adds, “will effectually isolate the North, and teal it against the commerce of the world; and the very attempt to introduce such a measure demonstrates the necessity of a separation be tween the Southern and Northern States.” tho Tatton ome ameeons faction rules the republican camp, and has suc- ceeded in gaining the mastery over the admi- nistration. The theory of the war policy thus adopted is that of Senator Chandler, that “a little blood-letting ” will be a good thing, and blood it is to be. We dare say, too, that the republican party is more intent upon some startling stroke of policy which will rekindle the fierce sectional fires in the camp, whereby it has come into power, than upon any plan whatever for the restoration of the seceded States to the Union. But while our republican war makers may ke dreaming of a lengthened reiga at Washington, with the opposing South out of the way, they may be overthrown by a popular reaction at the North. Indeed, our only hope now against a civil war of indefinite duration seems to lie in the overthrow of this demoralizing, disorga- nizing and destructive sectional party, of which “Honest Abe Lincoln” is the pliant instru- ment. Let the conservative people of the North, then, of all parties, who have anything to lose or anything to save, in view of a wast- ing civil war, prepare at once for the needful work of putting down this destructive domi- nant party. Tue Burnine or tHe Impertat Panaces av Pexix.—When the news of the burning of the summer palaces of the Chinese Emperor at Pekin was borne across the Atlantic, our first impulses were those of regret, if not indigna- tion, that such an outrage should have been perpetrated by the representatives of a nation foremost among its compeers in greatness, and professing to be so in civilization. We seemed, as we read, to have been carried back into barbarous times. At every line of the narrative we were offended with the details of the wanton destruction of that which could never be replaced. Never was vandalism more outrageous. All the mag- nificent mirrors, chaste carvings, elaborate pic- tures, historical souvenirs of the empire, arti- cles of virtu and valuable archives were de- stroyed by the rude hands of the despoilers, and then given up to the fury of the flames. We now learn that in the vaults of those summer palaces all the records of the empire were deposi- ted, and all these were reduced to ashes by the fire. Such treasure as bad been there held were of far greater importance to China than the Brit- ish Museum is to England or the world, and the consignment of these to the flames was as bad as Omar's destruction of the Alexandrian library. The archives alluded to have been frequently referred to by French writers, who estimated the national collection in the summer palaces at Pekin to have been the finest and most complete in the world. It was therefore much to be deplored that in this age of compa- rative enlightenment such an irreparable act of vandalism should have occurred. We have no wish to reflect severely upon the conduet of Lord Elgin in this matter;but we are surprised that so eminent a man should have had no more veneration for art, humanity for the Chinese, or respect for the good reputation of his country, than to have ordered the perpetra- tion of such a piece of unmitigated vandalism. He‘had little respect for the Greeks when he routilated and removed their ancient marbles from the land where they ought to have been allowed to remain, and he had a decided con- tempt for the Chinese when he burnt the impe- rial collections at Pekin. He haa done an in- justice for which he will never have the power to atone. Ose More Unrortesare,—The Broadway Railroad bill received its quietus yesterday. A motion to lay it on the table, instead of send- ing it tc committee, prevailed by nearly a two to one vote. Laying a bill on the table by such a vote is equivalent to slaughtering it in cold blood, and burying it as they used to inter suicides, There are people in this city auffl- ciently bardhearted to cxuli in the decease of this bantling, and to make merry over the fact that its parenis have had ail {heir trouble and expended thet mover for nothing. ‘The are Stganized under an independent govera- | publi sentiment of the metropolis will say We publish this morning the ukase of the Em-| Ment of their own. The authority of the United peror of Kussia liberoting the serfs, and also an | States within the borders of this independent | autograph Ietiet fom the Lperor to the Grand ' goafederagy has boon completely superseded, | that for once the Legislature has dot @ good thing. The infant, however, will have a few eincere mourners, There are gentlemen te What England will do in the premises it thus unfolds:—“It protection—rampant protection— be held to be the true interest of the Northern States, then there can be no community of iv terests between them and a country like Great Britain, on whose banners are inscribed ‘Frew trade with all the world.’ But with the South- ern confederacy, whose interest it is to sell us the raw material of our industry and to buy our manufactured goods, there must spring up spontaneously such a close alliance with Great Britain as will render the grasping selfishoess of the protectionist States hurtful to no one but themselves.” It will be observed from this that the whole North is regarded with detestation on account of this tariff; and New York, whose interests have been sacrificed for the Eastern States and for Pennsylvania, is doomed to suf- | fer, though she is known to be utterly opposed to the new retrograde commercial policy. It | goes on to say that England “will turn the cold | shoulder to the North,” while it “will extend the right hand of fellowship to the South;” and the British commercial organ thus concludes:— We cannot find language suiliciently stroug to express our Celestation of ascale of duties which is intended to exclude from the markets of America the products of Eogland, of Germany and of France, aud we must with God speed to the new republic of the South, which must triumph in its contest with the North, because its might is in its right, It i8 lamentable to think—we write more in sor. row than in anger—that people like the Amert cans should go far Jag bi @ age, 80 misunderstand the epoch in which they live, aud s@ blindly rash on their own destruction, as to alopt a policy ao suicidal to themselves, $0 uncommercial, xo ind:cative of a uarrow, selfish and unenlightened spirit as that which is embodied in the so calied Morrill tariff Here is a warning with a vengeance that the trade of the North is to be destroyed. and all European goods, with the duties, are to go to the South. Who, under guch circumstances, will buy the notes of our bankrupt government, with no prospect of repayment, but with the diemal prospect of having soon to borrow more money, and to continue borrowing till its paper is drug in the market, which nobody wants to buy at any price? Now the oaly way in which the imports can be prevented going to the South is by the employment of an immense navy. Where is the money to build and equip it to come from? But suppose that the govera- ment makes the attempt with the ships and troops it now possesses, and suppose that it could be. even partially suc- cessful, and that England and France would not intervene to protect their own commerce on its way to the best market, the attempt to coerce the South in this form would be met by reprisals both on land and sea; and, low as federal securities have fallen, they would instantly go down still further, as George Peabody, in his letter which we published recently, gave notice to all concerned. This distinguished American banker in England knows every pulse of the British heart, and he warns the people of his native land against the suicide on which they seem bent. He says “the an- ticipation of a conflict between the North and | the South has already destroyed gopfidence in | the United States government stoot@ and many of the States securities, and millions have with- in a few months been sent home for 4 magket in consequence. It is only by concession on the part of the Northern States, and a com- promises which would secure the best feelings of the border States towards the North and West, that we can reinstate our credit abroad.” Coercion and civil war, he concludes, would utterly ruin American public credit in Europe, and the balance of our stocks would be sent home to be thrown on this market for what they would bring. Independently of the adverse operation of the Morrill tariff, other troubles will arise in the progress of internecine war which will shake public and. private credit most alarm- ingly; and does the Cabinet at Washington, under such circumstances, expect to sell its notes, at a premium, in Wall street—the only place where it can dispose of them—just when it has inaugurated civil war, when there is no ecourity for their payment, either from revenue or from any other source? And in this condi- tion of our national finangee, how is the Suuth- ern confederation to raise $15,000,000, + Fant ORO ARN ANA ghinh it will $ O0v,vvy, Luwown euvyvyvjvvey FOS os Sree Soya in the event of olvil wart ! The Papal Quacstion—Cavour’ and the Pope's Alloeutio: i The full text of the Pope’s allecution, as wel) as of Count Unvour's recont speech on the Roman qnestio, will be found in our ediifon of this moreing, In the Pontiff's address we fir.d nothing whieb tenes smooth away the diffi- culties wLich lie in the way of an amicable eet- Ur ment of the issues pending between him aad the Turin Cabinet. He nat onl,’ takes a firm | stend on his rights as a temporal prince, but he declares it to be impossible that the Church can enter into apy compromise with the #0” called modern civilization whieh tolerates non- Catholic forms of worship and grants subsidies to non-Catholic institutions and persons. In other words, he protests egaiust the introduc- tion inte Ttaly of the enlightened toleration of Freveh Catholicism, which provides out of the resources of the State for the decent mainte pauce of every form of worship. In all this we see oply another proof of the injury result- ing to religion from the union of Church and Siate The Holy Father, instead of relying upon the potency of the defensive spiritual in- fluences with which the former is invested, ex- bits througbout an un-Catholic appreheusion of the perils to which it will be exposed by a fair and equal competition with other creeds, Strip it of ita wealth and princely dignities, he argues, and you will weaken and perhaps destroy it. Now this is not the doctrine of the Church itself, nor is it the belief of intelligent Catholics. Ous of ihe millions who profess that faith, the great ma- jority would, it is well knowa, be rejoiced to ee the Papacy relieved from the odium which the abure of its political power daily brings upon it, They believe, and with reasoa, that te Roman hierarchy woula become ixfinitely more powertal, and exercise a stronger sway over the consciences of men, if there were not, a the wisery of oppreesed aud misgoverned populations, and in the corruption of their po- litical administration, such u woeful contrast vetweeu their actions aud the Divine precepts which it is their mission to inculcate, We turn with relief from tne foolish reason ng of this document to the manly and intelli vible speech of Count Cavour, He shows that without Rome as its capital the uaity of Italy would be a wlisey, aud he demoliehes the ar cument that the Pope’s temporalities are essen- lial to bis independenee, Thee" y gut have beer a gnarartee for him when sovereigns regarded their domination as a right of absolute property oyer men and things; but siege 1789 governments have reposed on the consent expressed or tacit, of the people; and a power which does not rest upon this basis, but which sintaing an abevlute antagonism between the people which it governs and itself, has no Speeeb | European Powers, and we may yet be cc pélied to rejoice in an ‘iron interposition | foreign flees and armies, to restore the pe We are so recklessly throwing away. TiwPaTENING Stars or Avrams IN Jaray The realm of the Risiog Sun does not appea: be in al} respects that bappy land which tray lere, after a few days, or it may have been at hours, stay on its shores have thought and preeented it to be. But this is perhaps not applicable to the native inhabitants as the f eign residents, and it ig more than proba! that the latter have been the cause of th own grievances. The British Consuls at Jed and Kanagawa have acted in a manner so prehensible and obnoxious that not only Japanese, but their own countrymen, have be driven to an avowal of disgust. They he / alternately violated, the native laws, m, interpreted the spirit of the treaty 1 ween Gueat Britain and Japan, sacrific their personal honor, and tyrannized over t subjects of their own sovereign. In li manner the unofficial community of foreigne seem to have habitually acted with an alm ‘otal disregard of the rights and prejudices those in whose country they were sojourni on the sufferance of the very people they w offending. Asa matter of course, the indiscretions individual foreigners affect the entire forei; population, and every obnoxious or unlaw: act coremitted by an Englishman, an Ameriy a Frenchman, or any other countryman, is p» judicial to the wellare of all aliens, aud gol to strengthen the argument of the conservati’ party of Japanese politicians in favor of the ¢ clusion of foreigners and the closing of the por Weare sorry to learn by the last mails th! the Secretary of the United States Legation Jeédo bas been murdered by Japanese, and th) all the consular authorities. save Mr. Townser Harris, the Ameriean Minister, had been forced to retire from the metropolie and seek refu vu Yokahama, the port a few wiles downt bay. Great alarm prevailed among the who foreign population, aud even a maseacre wh anticipated, This intelligence we find b cceated considerable sensation ia England, ai great indignation is expressed towards th British Consuls referred to, whose recall’) ~ eCOMeri ie 4 3 Miianded. We svall deplore her ing ot a worse state of feeling than at prese: exists between the native and alien pop lation Japan: but worse com) Wwe rnall bé dompelled, although not witho reluctance, to say that the foreigners broug” tail upou themselves. Englishmen and Am yicans must learn that they cannot go into Joreign land and violate every civil and mor law without incurring the danger of a feart of longer a possibility of existence. ‘This antago sirm appears in the Roman States, and seems without a remedy, and consequently the ouly meens of goverzing those countries withoat wilitary occupation is by the absolute separa- ‘ion of the spiritual trom the temporal power. When this takes place the Holy See will be- come in reality independent, because it will be relieved from the shackles imposed upon it by concordats and the prerogatives of the civil power, which the temporal power of the Cuureb of Rome hes alone rendered necessary up to the present time, From these views it is evident that the Turin Cabinet contemplates no compromise with the Pontiff which will leave in hie hands any por- tion of his present territories. He will occupy in Rome simply the position of the Greek or Russian Patriarch, with the exception that such @ provision will be guaranteed to him as will comport with the expenditure necessitated by bis exteneive spiritual jurisdiction. The ques- tion is whether the French Emperor will con- sent to this complete territorial destitution of the Holy Father. The recent declarations of Prince Napoleon and Count Pietri seem to us to leave but little doubt upon this point. Louis Napoleon is not a wan of half measutes, and if he gives bis consent to the entrance of Victor Emanuel and his troops into Rome it will be uader no limitation as to the territorial rights which that step would imply. Hemintatixe Postrron or 1H8 Untrep States, iv THE Eyres or Evrore—The Father of His Country warned the people of the Snited States, in bis farewell address, that the destruc- tion of the unity of the republic, would have for its inevitable result, its enfeeblement and Gegradation in the eyes of foreign Powers; and that, while rendered by it contemptible externally, we would also lose self respect, and be liable to the horrors of a military des- potism. How prophetic his colemn utterances have already become, at the very outset of our sectional differences! Scarcely five months bave elapsed since the election of a republican President of the United States, and what is the humiliating spectacle, presented by both the North and the South? The organs of the Wash- ington administration degrade themselves by making open boast that it has been promised the aid and asristance of England and France, while the Southern press congratulate the Montgomery government upon prospective commercial alliances, which it thinks will in. sure a strong European support for the slave holding confederacy. “Entaogliag alliances,” which have been ever considered as a great evil, to be carefully shunned by every sound patriot and statesman, are now courted by the leaders of the two sections, just as rival chief- tains snd parties have bitherto done, iu Mexico and the petty South American States, An article frem the London Times of March 28, which will be foand in another column of the paper, contemptuously alludes to the fact thatthe “Northern and Southern States have entered into a race with each other for popu- larity, with the determination not to be outbid by a rival,” and it adds, as the inevitable con- sequence of such a state of things;—“ America must not suppose that she can enjoy, when di- vided into two hostile republics. all the great and unprecedented acvantages which she pos- sessed, while she was content to dwell under the banner of ono.” If such a judgment was just, even wiile there was a chance of peace being preserved, what may not be said, now tbat through the madness, imbecility aad wiek- edness of the administration, the country is threatened with all the calamities which follow in the train of civil war? The manufacturing, commercial, agricultural and fioancial prospe- rity of the vation, is about to be eagulfed in an abyss of ruin, by such an act of suicide, as bas bo parallel in the history of nations, From 4 proud eminence of political grand ur, which caured to be the wonder wand admiration of The place of King Cotton has thus, and retribution. We know nothing as yet of ti circumstances leading to the murder of ti Secretary of our Legation, but much will d vend upon these as to the judgment we me eventually form of the unfortunate affai Meanwhile, we believe, there is no fitter ms than Mr. Harris for maintaining the nation. honor in the far Orient, and from bis moral an i friendly influence over the Japanese gover ment he will doubtless be able to obtain ju tice, It is nevertheless a melancholy reflectio’ that, after all our hospitality to the late En” bassy, such an untoward circumstance as th and such a threatening state of affairs shoul have so quickly supervened. Tue Sxcession Movement iv Virginra.—Ai, fairs in Virginia are rapidly approaching, \ » crisis. It will be precipitated by the line o! policy that has been adopted by the Lincol: administration, and it is not impossible tha he Old Dominion will cast in her lot with th. Southern confederacy, within a very short pe riod. Many have supposed that the State Con vention, now in session, could scarcely submi the question of secession to the people befor: the fall election. They will not postpone the settlement of the question eo long, if a singl drop of blood is shed, in consequence of the coercive proceedings of the government. Ii will then come before the people, probably, at the State election next month. Messrs. William Ballard Preston, conservative, Alexander H: Stuart, Union, and George W. Randolph, sece sionist, were, on Monday, appointed commis- sioners to wait on the President, in order to ob- tain a definite declaration of his policy. They arrived in Wasbington yesterday. They will see Mr. Lincoln to-day or to-morrow, and will insist upon @ categorical answer to their ques- tions. If there are evaded, they will go home prepared to declare to the Convention, that they bave interpreted his tergiversation and equivocal responses as meaning hostility and bloodshed. The effect of coercive measures towards the South, will be electric upon the popular mind in Virginia. Union feeling is well nigh destroyed already; but the reinforcement of ) ' Fort Pickens, or of Fort Sumter, will be con- sidered as a belligerent act, which will make ’ the population a unit. Then will come the day of tribulation and retribution, for the aboli- tion government at Washington, which is so wolully mismanaging the affairs of the nation. The capital can po longer remain in the Dis- trict of Columbia, and the conservative masses in the North, will be forced to pronounce au- thoritatively, with respect to the tremendous + issues before the country. Oxe or Mr. Jonny Beri’s Porvnar Dew- s1oxs.— The London Times, in the course of au article upon the cotton supply, declares that the potition of the market for that staple is like that of a man who bas died holdingfa fat office—the breath is no sooner out of his body ‘han there are a hundred applicants tor his place. So with cotton. As soon as it is ascer- tained that there isa remote probability that the British manufacturers may experience some difficulty in obtaining their supply from the Southern States, balf a dozen countries are offering themeelves for the place. Australia, Persia, China, Algeria, Central America, are all mentioned, and the Cotton Supply Associa. tion is expected to encourage the cultivation of the plant in those countries. The Times and the Cotton Supply Association are laboring un- der a popular delusion, More thanseventy years go the cultivation of cotton was attempted in various parts of the world, and experiments in the same line have been continued ever since with very little success, It has been proven that the finer quality of cotton, such as the British manufacturer must have, can only be wrown in the United States. Egypt raises a very little; but elsewhere the product of the plant is oply fit for the manufacture of coarse the civilized world, how hre we fallen! ‘The | thus only, been preserved, and whatever may Uniied States, lately #0 defiant in its indepen. jt the result of the revolution in this country, dence, fa donpending to beggary at the doors of | there is no doubt that his aeat of government ’ y