The New York Herald Newspaper, April 10, 1861, Page 2

POF GIVE, WAR, Immense Excitement in Charleston. Ssrival ef Lieut. Talbot at Charleston with Despatches for Major Anderson. The Lieutenant Not Allowed to Go to Fort Sumter. RETORN TO WASHISGTON. The Determination of the Government te Throw Supplies Into Fort Sumter. MAP OF CHARLESTON HARKSOR, SKETCH OF THE FORTIFICATIONS. he Final Departure of the Transport Illinois. Object of the Special Envoy to Montgomery. Supplies to be ‘Thrown Into Pickens and Sumter at Ali Hazards. Ppecial Message ef “Gov. Curtin, ef Pennsylvania. Bresident Lincoln Anticipates an Attack on Washington. Troops to be Ready in Penusylvania for Immediate Service. More Versels of War Ordered Into Active Service, ey Rees Tho events 0° tho pss! few days, the military apd ways) preparations here in the North, and especially in eur own city, aod the rabseques! despatch of war vessels ‘mad troope {rom this port for the South, bas impressed everybody with the belie? that Lincoln and bis Cabine: ave a! last resolved apon immediate and extreme mea, sures in their attempt to create padiic confidence, which they pave, unfortunately, not cajoyed since they cane tuto power, How far thege apparen! energetic measures Wid covsuce towards effvcting the desired object, or to- ‘wards a séttioment of the present questions that distract tis disintegrated Union, is to us entirely problematical Re @ne fact «appears more bold than any other, gad that os that we appear husteuing as fast @e evente can carry us towards a bloody and weeks civil war, which will Lot settie the great ques teons now involved, but rather exasverate hovulity be ‘twoon the two grea: foctiens of the country, aad remove @uB further any hope of a fraternal roy political affairs of the country. Tu ail tiens whichjbave fallen nader our noice for the px @ays are resognived & desire on the part of the ¢ ment officials to impart a dignity to the movements while unwilling to give the public any detailed informa tion, pro or con. Probably this hubbub and bombast ‘was gotten up for efivct, 80 28 to create a jittle sympathy for the governinent among the Wal! street money bags. To the muitary mind, on the contraryy ali She great outfitting of war vessels and troops hive appeared wholly devoid of that unity, cool ness and deliberation pecessary to crown any considerable military pian with sicoess. The fitting out at this pert and the subsequent sailing of war vesaols and transport -veesels were at first velied in mystery, but the veil ie Deg removed, as our intelligence yesterday from @harleston stated that General Beauregard bad refused to allow Captain Talbot, bearer of despatches from President Jipeoln to Major Anderson, to communicate with Fort Sumter, coupled with other intelligence, evidently points the destination of this expedition to Charleston. In ‘view of these facts we give in to-day’s paper a full and seecinct report of Charleston and its defences, with a map ef the harbor and iis approaches. PORT SUMTER. Fort Sumter i¢ @ modern truncated pentagons! fort, Duilt upon an artificial island at the mouth of Charleston harbor, three and three-eights miles from the city of Qharkeston. The jeland has for ite base a sand ani mud Dank, with a superstructure, if we may so term it, of the refuse chips from several Northern granite quarries, These rooks are firmiy embedded in the sand, and upon them the present fortification is reared. Tho island itself cost half a million of dollars, and was ten years in construc ‘tion. The fortiticat:ou cost another half a million dollara, and at the time of its occupancy by Major Anderson was ge nearly completed as to admit the introduction of its armament. The walls are of solid brick and coscrete nasonry, built clone to the edge of the water, and with- ot a berm. They ore sixty feet bigh, and from eight to twelve feet in thickness, and ‘tare pierced for throw tiers of guns on the north, east, and west exterior sides, Its weakest point is on the south side, of which the masonry is not only weaker ‘ban that of the other sices, but it is not protected by any flank fire, which would sweep the wharf. (acs lauded, ‘an entrance may, at the present state of the construc tion, be easily made: for the blinds of the lower embra sures, though six inches in thickness, may yet be easily blown away, and even if this was iotpossible, scaling Jadders can reach those of the second tier, which ars not protected in this manner. The work is designed for an armament of one hgndred and forty pieces of ordnance of all calibres, Two tiers of the guns are under bomb. proof casemates, and the third or upper ter open, er, in military parlance, en barbetle; the lower tier for forty-two pounder paixhan guus; the second ter for eight and ten-inch columbiads, for throwing folid or hollow shot, and, the upper tier for mortars ‘and twenty-four pound gifs. The full armament of the fort, however, had not arrived there when Major Ander, B00 took poseewion; but since ite occupancy by the pre- gent garrison no efforta have been spared to place the ‘work in an efficient state of defence, by mounting all the rnilable gune and placing them in salient pointe. As we ‘before remarked, the full armament of the fort is not to position, a8 only seventy-live of the one hundred and forty guns required for it are now mounted, Eleven paixhan guns are among that number, nine of them commanding Fort Moultrie, which is within easy range, ‘end the other two pointing towards Castle Pinckney, which is well out of rapge. Some of the columbiads, the moet effective weapon for siege or defensive operations, ‘arc not mounted. Four of the thirty two pounder bar Dette guns are on pivot carriages, which gives them the ontire range of the horizon, and others have a horizontal sweep of ire of 380 degrees. In addition to these weightier pre. parations for defeuce, the walls aro pierced every ‘where for muskete, of which there are endlese numbers ready and loaded. The magazine contains seven hun‘re! Darrele of gunpowder and an ample supply of shot, pow- der and sbella for one year's siege, and s large amount cf miscellaneous artillery stores. The garrison is amply supplied with water from artificial weile, which are sup Plied by the frequent showers of rain. In « dofensive @F strategioal point of view, Fort Surater rad.atos ita fire through all the channele from the eee approach w Pharigston, aud Lana ful swoop of range in ‘te reve or @ity side, The tort ie sofficlontly out of n ie Jend artillery attack that all apprehenswns for breaching it from bat soure may vo at reet, unlere by guns of eoperior callore Pre - um raoge of the gune (rom Soynter is tL -e8 for acourate irin @ yorrol, th ‘ 186L—TRIPLE SHERT. THE CITY OF CHARLESTON AND ITS DEFENCES. Pian of the Harbor, Showing Fort Sumter and Cther Forts, .ue City and Suburbs. 7a would require to be reduced one-half of that figure. The | as tb ‘War carrigon of the fort ie six bandred men, but only | Sevensy-nine of that uumber are within ite wade, with tao abv rers—19 a) to! We GaRKKON IN THR Wer. js Origined Ew | porn Ben Rank,» | Repbeett Pea eon eid at R. Andes n....|aejr....!btarty.|inly 1, thes) Ky. BW. Orewford ;| Asts.sarin, | Med. staff} MarcbI0, 1851| Poon Abner Doubleday |Capiam istarty..laly 1) 1842). | w Truman Seymour}: spiain <.'Ist art’). Theodore Yaibot. |tst [istarey, Int arty. {J | jist arty IN 3, 134s) } Moet 1, 160719 Bless. wor! exposed to the fire of the batterves of Cummings’ Point apd Fort Jobngon have been filied with solid flagging, lled in with lead, and are now ball and bomb proof, add- | ing materially to the strength of the work. Ineide, the magazine and hoepttal have been protected by stone tra. verges, and the parade cleared. CUMMINGS’ POINT IRON BATTERY. The nearest land to Fort Sumter is Cummings’ Point. On this point is erected the celebrated railroad iron bat- tery. It consista of a heavy framework of yellow pine logs. The roof is of the same material, over which dove- tailed bers of railroad iron of the T pattern are laid from top te bottom—all of which is riveted down in the most secure manner, On the front it presenta an angle of about thirty degrees. There are three portholes, which open and close with iron shutters of the heaviest deserip- tion, When open, the muzzlee of the columbiads ‘ill up the space completely. The recoil of the gun enables the shutters to be closed instantly. It is asserted, on high military authority, that this inclined plane {ll effectually resist guns of the heaviest calibre—irst, | because no shot can strike it except at an obtuse angle, which would cause the ball to glance; second, because its power of resistance is sufficient to withstand the fall of the heaviest shells. The columbiad guns, with which | thie novel battery is equipped, bear on the south wall of | Sumter, the line cf fire being at an angle of about thirty- five degrees. This a not, of course, considered favorable for breaching; but owing to the fact that the wall is ivop- holed for musketry throughout its entire length, which, | of couree, weakens it a great deal, the effect of shot | upon it would, we think, even at the distanee of 1,150 yards, effect @ breach within a reasonable time. The — work is in charge of several companies of the regular army of the Confederate States. I* employed to reduce Fort Sumter, this battery will prove quite formidable, PORT JOHNSON, The present Fort Johnson is simply a huge sand battery erected on the site of old Fort Johnson of Revolutionary memory. It ig one and one fourth miles from Fort Sum ter, ond at present is armed with four heavy guns, man- | ned by two companies of regular artillery. The po- | sition of this old fort, which is of the utmost importance 8 a connecting point in the defence of the harbor, has been considered by the highest military authority as the | key to all the defensive works in the harbor. Against | the attack of forces by land, cr a boat attack by the £tono river, it must be considered an essential element of defence. FORT MOULTRIE. Fort Moultrie is one of the sentinels that guara the | principal entrance to Charleston harbor 1 is opposite toand distant from Fort Sumter about one anda half miles, It is, more properly speaking, a huge water battery, without any guns under cover. Its armament consists of | eleven guns of heavy calibre and several mortars. The outer and inner walls are of brick, capped with stone and filled with earth, making a solid wall fifteen or sixteen | feet in thickness. This work has beca much strength. | ened recently, and presents a saucy front to Fort Sumter. | It is now in comthand of Major Ripley, formerly of the | United States Army, who has under his command several | hundred experienced artilleriats, | CABTLE PINCKNEY. Castle Pinckney is a small work, situated on the | southern extremity of “Shute’s Folly Island,” between | the Hog and Folly channels. Though in itself not a very considerable military work, yet, from its position, com- manding as it does the whole line of the eastern wharves, it becomes of the utinost importance for it to be held by — the State authorities. it ie, in fact, the immediate out™ work of the city, useful to annoy an invading fleet ahould | it pass the outer forte, and to render their landing very difficult, if not impossible. In its plan it presents to the south a semicircular face; the eastern and western faces areformed by the lime of rampart following the direction of the tangent to the circular arc wt ite extremity, and for a distance of twenty yards; the northern side is plain; at both the northeastern and northwestern angles are semicircular bastions, the outer extremities of the arce being tangent respec. tively to the eastern and western #ides of the fort, There are two rows of guns—the jower boing in case. mates (bombproof), the embragures for which are about seven feet above low water mark, and tho upper boing enbartetic, The height of the rampart ie twenty, aod the width thirty two feet, The width of the outer wal! ond of the parapet is ex feet; the depth of the caromates is twonty feet, height ten; the diameter (east and west) | of the castle is ove hundred and ssventy fest. The on trance is on the northera pide, on either side of which are the officers’ aad privates’ quartort, mossroon, &y The ascent to the barbette is made on the northeaster! and northwestern corners of the terre parateplein, In the contre of the latter i# the furnace for heating shot. Around the foot of the rcarp wall is a brosk water, about twelve feet lo width, norizoutaliy, whied has ite weetern side extended in a tangent direotion to the sewih, to form the lauding The landing ie | Protec ted by the fire of several guvs ewesping its length. The armament of this castle courists of about twenty Jive pieces, 24 and $2 poundere, x few mak mortars Her not hoing mounted, ia Hou, inching 96a Of jate por ig | eutirely to the barbette guns and mortars. | its importance, although, if we possessed forts placed horizontally, one over thee other, in the strongest manner, and ) runving gb repair as possibie, Owing to the want of ‘ventilsticn and the reverboration of the sound in en en- gagement, the lower tier of guas would soon biecme uselers, and the occupants would be obliged t) resort shis case the exporure to the enemies?’ «direct shot would not be | great, for the parapet is higher than the hulks of most Aa to Sumter and Moultrie, it woukt be of comparatively liitie use, ships, and much wigher thao the adjoining shore. | yet if on enemy possessed it, its proximity to tho city would cunble'the gacron to damage Charleston ter hy. THE IRON FLOATING BATTERY. ‘This if a novel war machine designed for barbor opera tions, apd is at present anchored near Castle Piackney. It ja.coustructed of palmetto loge, sheathed with plate iron, aud is supposed to be imprognable agains! shot. It ‘s embrasured for and mounts four guns of heavy calibre. It reqnires sixty men to operate it. The iiret impression om soving this machine is that of immense solidity. The outer or gun side is covered with six plates of iron—two of them of the T railroad pattern, and the other four’ bolted vertically. The wall of the gun side is full four feet thick, constructed of that peculiar palmetto wood £0 full of fibrous material that sixty-foar pounders cannot pierce it, The main deck is wide and roomy, In nineteen open chambers, on the port side of the desk, we found profusion of eshei—thirty-four pounders — while just beyond them is an immense pile of sand bage, which protect an overhanging roof, under which iste be placed the hospital. This also protects the magayiues (three in number), under which is the hold proper. There are six entrances w theebold, whieh will contain, if necessary, over three hundred men, When moored it is kept in place by four heavy wedges, driven down by ‘a species of ram, which will hold it fast, and prevevt any sway ing around by the tide. OTRER Works. ‘There are other works at Hadrils Voint, Mount Plea sant, Stono, Morris Ietand,-and fronting the entrance of Charleston harbor, which are constructed of palmetto jogs and gand. They are all fully manned for action with large garrisons and guns of heavy calibre. THE EXACT DISTANCES OF THE FORTS. Fort Sumter is three and three e'ghts miles from Charleston, one and ove-eighth mile from For: Moul- trie, three fourths of « mile from Cummings’ Point, one and three-eighths mile from Fort Johnson, and two and five-cighthe miles from Castle Pinckney. The city of Charlestem is entirely out of the range of the guns of Fort Sumter. STONO INLET. Stono Point is a portion of Morris Iskud, facing the sen | coast. Stond Talet is about two leagues from the south, chapne! of Charleston. Between them lie two islands, viz:—Morris Island, on which the light house etands, and Colin Island. In Stono lulet there are nine or ten feet of water at low tide, but it was not much frequented woeti) Charleston was | blockaded in 1776, when it was visited by British voasels- In a stragetical point of view the landing of United States troops at Stono Point would appear to be for the purpose of getting in the rear of the Morris Island bat teries, which now guard the cea approaches to Charles- ton, On Morris leland the Confederate States forces are pretty numerous, and if an attempt to land troops is made by the United States forces the conflict will be ehort and bloody. At our last accounts in regard toStono Point, General Bauregard had ordered an im. meno battery to be erected at the very place where it is alleged the United States troops will attempt to land. Assabscquent report stated that several largo guns were in transitu from Castle Pihckny to that Point. THE CONFEDERATE STATES TROOPS NEAR CHARLESTON, COMMANDER-IN-CHIEP, Brigadier General P. T. G. Beauregard. STAY. Colcnel R. W. Gibbes, Burgeon General, Macor W. H. Whitney, Engineer-in Ohief. Colcnel 8. Re-Gist, Adjutant General. Cok nel L. M. Hatch, Quartermaster General. Coptain W. R. Boggs, Atd-de Camp. REGIMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS, First regiment of artillery, Colonel ed of-Sour companies — fo. . Warhinutonasrtiliery, Captain Walter......., 2. Lafay llery , Captain Pope. 3. Mar aery, in King .... 4, German Artillery, Oaptain Wagner. . DB visertiie vsece . superna First regimen of Rifles, Colonel J. J. Pettigrew, com- posed of seven companies “— No. Mon. 1. Washington Light infantry, Captain Simonton 2. German Riflemen, Captain &mail............ 8. Carolina Light Infantry , Captain Pinckucy . Movitrie Guard, Capt. Palmer. we | Meapber Guard, apt, McCradey, | Charleston Zoukves, Capt. Holborn... 7. Vigilant Rifles, Capt, Tupper........ Company A, Capt. Davay... Company B) Capt. Herbert O mpeny C, Capt, Doyle. Company D, Capt, Comm jer, The Comin: Boxer t. aigwall Seventeenth regiment ot intantry of the line, Col. John Corninghaw commending, compoeet of ten companies: No. men. Cacet Riflemen, Capt. Pitot Tehardeon G Palmetto Guard, Capt. irish Volunteers, Capt. Magra: iS Mentgomery Gaurd, Capt. Cone 4 Surntor @uard, Capt Ruse... “6 Magrath Guard, Capt, Farrelly ig Totalercecccee Pr Mounted emparts« :— Charleston Dragoons, Capt Rates jo ° Charlerton Guard, Caps. Marcio 2 tia Guard, Capt, Sweegan “ by Rutledge Mounted Rities, Capt, Hojger « & Ger roa Hoveare, Orpt. Cordes se di Luvebers’ vagouns', bay’. Fela aac vee a OTHER CORPS NOT REGIMENTALLY DESIONATED. Companies. Men Fdgetield (Geo.) Rifles, Capt. Cicero Adams.......... $8 Cuiboup Guard, Capt. Job B Beazer ..... + OF Artillery Company Capt. Jebn B, Gaile 90 Sumter Guard, Capt. John Russell, 70 Sumter Volunteers, Qupt, J. 8, Richardso 90 Charleston Rifiemen, Cupt. 83 Marion Volmnteers. Jou Darlington Guard, Capt 35 Richland Riflemen, Capt. Radetite. 00 Salud). Guard, Capt. W. Mow trie 82 Moptgomery Blues (of Geo ). 3 Abbeville Gaurd, © bt Cherokee Pond Minu w Governor's Guard, Capt. W. H. Casson 98 Columbia Vowunteers, Capt. D. B. sii! 103 Solmmbia Artiliery, Capt A J. St Rhett Guard, vhemx Rites Capi.’ ©. "Walkor RECAPITULATION, First regiment artillery, Colonel Lock. First regiment rifles, Colonel J. .J, Pettigrow.. 55 Firet batiahon Charleston riflemen. . Seventeenth regiment of infantry, Col. Cunningham. $25 Mounted companie: Besides the above, there are one regiment of volunteers from the upper districts of the State (about 900 men), one regiment of artillery and one squadron of enlisted men, comprising the regular troops of the State, which make the aggregate number of troops now ander arms nearly four thousand men, THE REAL STRUGGLE. {From the Chacleaton Mercury, April 6.) We will ssgnredly bave to wage a war upon oar Northern eremies. But it will be a war of political exonomy aad cemmorcial policy. ‘he ‘irrepreas'ble’’ contlict mast pe fovght out. Bat duties on tmports will be the tield of battlo, and there will the scale of battle be turned. The | Northern government may send for officers and consult engineers. They may send provisions, and troops, aud nw riars, and guns, and bombsholls and sho: to wea. They They are anxious to restore confidense by fixing her destiny at once where it seoms inevitably to tond, and thus stay an agitation which caa only protract the existing rumous suspense without materially retarding the issue. Ican say now, with mach confidence, founded upon close observation and expericoce in the progress of events ix: Virginia for some months past, that sbe is just as cortain to secede withina few months as that, to-mor- row’s sun will rise. I care not what notwork of abstrac- tions or ultimatums this Convention may weave in order to cheek the growing clamor for secession, the climax of the popular entbusiasm will soon be reached, aad this whole fabric will be rent into a thou and fragments. I tell you the preeaure of prostrate intarests an1 ruined trace is bearing go acutely pon the masses as to cause them to laugh at ultimata which require time for their de- cison. The people of Virginia, in snort, realize now tully that their ultimate destiny is with the Souvh, aod that the sooner they fix it and put an end to agitation and paralyzivg wpcertainty and suspenze the betver. The biightest act of coercion on ihe part of the goneral gover Dent against the seceded States will determine the iesue in twenty-four hours. The Union men in the Convention, seeing the tide of revolution rapidly swelling, ere eager to bring the labors ot the Convention to a cicse, and get beyond its reach and influence Searcely a day passes that some delegate who was elected us a Union man does not present to the Copwention tbe proceedings of a mevting of his consti- uents inetructing him vo vote for seocession. Private ad- vices to other delegates inform hem of rapid revolutions of public eeutiment im their counties, and of the prova- Dility of tpeir being instructed at ’an early day. To strong Unio men. chosen with special reference w their abiding Union sentiment, such advices are very unwel- come: and they, therefore, seek to evade the disagroea- Die duty of votive for a aeceasion ordinance by hurrying to a close the labo-s of the Convention Iu this effort they are badty fyleo, for it seems the seceasionigts are ex- huusting every parliamentary resort to inate de- bate aud kill time, Proposition upom proposition is olfered toevery section of the long gerics embraced in the majority report of the Committee on Fede- ret Relatjoos; 0 that co far but little progress has been made even under the ten minute rale, whiev went into operation ou Thurecoy last. The belief is, accord- ng to the progress now be ing made, that the Convention may sail about extevaively, reinforce Fort Pickoas, Key Wint and Tortugas; they may cruise abont the Gulf, aut | exomine the British, French and Spanish fleets. ’ Bar their voyages are vain ant ineffective, The roault of the stroggie between the North and south will be otherwise | cetermined. The South has the commanding po- | sition ond ean achieve an easy victory. The protective Morrill tariff of the North has to meot'a revenue tarift of the Confederate States. Already havo we observed the eflect upon European nations, and yet they are as igm>- rant ond nearly a8 prejudiced against us as the people of the North Commercial and manufacturing interests have ceveloped the friendly feelings so soon mavifusted. And when, in addition to the exaction of duties agreeably Moderate from the rest of the world, the Confederate | States impose prohibitory cuties upon importations from | unfriendly neighbors north of Mason and Dixon's lise, | the same converting influence wili eatabli<b itself in the minds and hearts of the forcigners near as we | have beheld working vpon thore warGptf. Palpabie, pressing interest wiil overcome abstract theories about African privileges; will smooth down ruitled arrogance, and cool eveu the gory desire tor a war of arms, iC it existed. Ia fwo years from this time the North, sorry for itreif under the dirartrous ofticts of this war of policy, Which not only musi bring it lato sharp competition with the starving labor, abounsing capital aud great enter- prise of Fxropean nations, bot actually put it at a posi- tive aud insuperable disadvantage, the North will be giad to gain the attitude of a frienaly Power by makicg terms with the Confederato States. Wo only fear that sore of them will not be content to embrace us. Tt will be unnecestary to pack Philadelphia, New York and Bos ton with Southern troops, and will be much cbeaper, THE BOGUS LETTER FR@M FORT SUMTER. [From the Rochester Union, April 8 } The Buttulo Cummercia! of the 4th tostant contains a letter purporting to have been written by a private | bamed MeNeil in Fort Samter. Jt is addressed to Voor. | master Moree, of Butlalo; and it states there are four mopths’ provisions in the fort ; intimates that there is @ much larger number of nen thero than outsiders sup. poee ; and gives a moet encouraging account of matters wnd things in general. The Crwmerciat says “there is not a doubt as to the genuineness of tho ‘otter 2) and the endorsement thus given it has led to legraphic synopsis of it being cent all over the country, ana to its being published at length in many leading journals Now we have the best authority, to wit, the writer of the letter. for pronouncing it a pure fiction from beginning to end. The writer says in extenuation of hie folly, that be had bo dea of “ selling” anybody but tne person to whom it was addressed. | INTERESTING FROM VIRGINIA, OUR RICHMOND CORRESPONDENCE. Ricuwowp, Va., April 6, 1861. ‘The Present Attitude of Virginia—How Long is She to Re- moin in the Union?—The Union Men in the Cormention Enceavoring to Escape from the Rising Tide of Revolu- tien, de., de. ‘Ihe cord which binds Virginia to the Union at this moment is 80 slight as to noed but the pressure of any little emergency to snap it forever. It is fast yielding under the patural strain of Southern interest and South. ern sympathy; and any sudden emergency which would abruptly rend it would but anticipate by a few months a result that is now inevitable. If you consider the proverbially Union sentiment which bas olwaye characterized Virginia, the change which has come over her for the past month or two is more won- derful than auything that has occurred during this great political revolution. The Convention in session here, while it bas undergone some material changes of senti- mont since tts organization, misroprasents utterly the pubic sentiment of the State at this time, From the indications ~everywhore manifested, { might safely assert that upon a vote of the poopie weday secession would triumph by @ greater majority than Union commanded the 4ta of February last, In this city, Which is Foprefented in the Convention by tro Union men and one srcessiopist—the latter owing his election chirfly to personal popwlarity—in a straight out jene upon the Mayoralty and oye or two other offi core cn Wednesday last, the secession candidates wore clected hy over 4 thovrand majority, out of an iggengate vote of between three and four toousaad, treoriibury revolution waa pre burg aid other cities, vo A owore es ed Reo. AI days ugr 8 and ermB HEH 10 Ly tne revolution is Cally gathering strength. [ts pro grees fe mucd more rapid than any leu Dulng elt Deve anticipeted wo months ogo, Men of wealth an jufluenee, Dusincee men of all civeses, who he 1 cK no part Ip the feces sina ine t, are now and band and pure @HD i. Iney eee uothiog but for their jotecv ests 'a pre vation 2800 Ww Glen. Le wecoiaiion woh the san Vigil b wil! not have nally disposed of the several reports be- fore it in loss than two or three weeks, Meanwhile it is hoped by the secessionists that some emergency will ariso which will precipitate Virginia into secession aud canse her to ignore all this metephysical web of abstrac- ions wieh the Convention ie now weaving. This is the prospect ahead, and its realization is looked for with con- siderable certainty. There has been much excitement here for the past day or two, growing out 6f the telegraphic accouats of the cerpatch of troops and ammunition for the South. I m very high authority that it is the intention of nt J davis, upon the first collision between the Northern and Southern troops, to march an army uj Washwgton. This policy, is is underaiogl, hon been determined on for two motives—first, to arouse the border slave States, and secondly to ecaure a divergence of federal troops from tho contemplated scene of action, It is estimated by military men bere that a nucleus of two hundred mea deepatened from Montgomery would swell to thirty thou- sand by the time they reached Washington. The policy isa very feasibie one, and it seems that it is fully de- termined upon, It wonld undoubtedly effect a thorough ard prempt union of the whole South, end do it within a sherter time thon it would require the Virginia Convea- ticn to aacpt a resolution. ‘here are tn the Convention here some eight or ten republicans from Northwestern Virginia, who in no ‘vent would eonsent to separation; but their policy of unqualitied eobmission to black republican rale rather beneflis the scceesien cause than otherwise. Men from Fasten Virginra, who have to associate with them from the necessity of their holding a negative position in com- men on al) propositions tending to secession, are becom- ing disgusted with the association, and are secking new allies, It is difficult to determine the classifica. tion members on the Union side, differ. | ing widely as many of them do in degree; and some of the quatified secessionists, (inding it difficult to keep vp the hive of distinction while voting in genoral with the binck republican wing, have cros#ed the Rubicon and made commen cause with the secessionists. This stam. pede will be more marked, I imagine, in a day or two, when the influence of an avowal made by Mr. John J. Jackeon, the delegate from Wood county, that in no event would he join the Bouthern confederacy, to ope- rate. The most submissive delegate in the Oonvontion, it was supposed, would abide the ultimatum embodied in the majority report; but the fact that Mr. Jackson, who leads the biack republican few in the Convention, means net to regard even that as an ultimatum, will, I have no doubt, cause many to waive any further procedare aud £0 in for immediate secession. Botts is ruling the roast here in the bag SS federai appointments, People turn up their eyes in holy borror at the idea of John Minor Botts having the appointment— for he virtually has-—of persous to federal oilicas im Vir- gina. This fact gives no elight impetus to the secession cause. There is a that the Postmaster of this city, Colonel Bigger, is to boremoved. 1 imagine bis successor, it cre should ‘be appointed, will consider long before he enters upon the bozardous enterprise of ousting the pre- sent oficer, who has served for many years and under all ecmipisizations. The position of successor to any of the prereut incumbents of federal offices in Virginia would be by no means enviable. The man who would accept office under Lincola now in this State would do it at ® sacrifice of public esteem, and at no little personal risk. Mr. William Ballard Preston offered the following reso- lutions in the Convention to-day :— Heeolved, Ist. That in the opinion of this Convention, the federal government of this Union is one of limited and expressly granted powers; that the constitution con- fers no power upon its constituted authorities to subju- g10 a Binte or exeente the federal laws within the lmits of a state which bas withdrawn from the government, expelicd the civil authorities of the same, and is in the ire OF aD indepencent sovereignty. 2d. That as one,of the parties to the compact of govern- ment, fhie Coavention hag the right to protest b rit nt any such exerciew of coerctve policy on the part of the federal at thorities, ard they wil! never consent that the foceral power shall bo exercised for the purpose of subja- ga! ing Ue peopie of such States to the federal authority, 8 Thwe & committee of three delegates be appointed his Cou venti n to wait upon the President of the Untied Si ) present to him there resolutions, aud Jim (0 communicate to this Convention ten of the federal vin, of Staurton, offered the of the first and second i faite of this Convention, the wnoér- tainty which prevatis iv dhe public mind as to. the Y geDe1al goveruinent intends to pursue js extremely injurious to the ' omerea! interests of the country, tends to one eifement which unfavorable to the aj ‘ies and threatens a disturbance ore, reROlvEd, &e, ie Arhert de viarg up upon these rersolutic opposition beng confined to two or three bers trom the hier. new ae nena tke a vole, the Convention ret without net! then “bey eat yo gete Of Over LHO VOITOR, judg he he one ef the Convention “"ecoreeombore ineorwe more danger to the Onion veinent that bat berewofore been watt pubsic pe 1 favor whice they awe ie foro KbIO reRpO ee Lie Thoin soK wnqientionably Oring over the whcle bo y @ the Cal mea the LecerBiun cause, 7 ivy Pid 8 z I Le ee the Zouave battalion, under command of Cay cas on Saturday morn: more of them are expect- ed, Their penetrance created copsiderable of a senea- would produce y a oy our streets. The battalion is being Siemens e New Orleaps, apd will contain many of the veritable Zou- "Shots me hell pT gies vantities of provisions, 8 2 a are being ‘concentrated at this point. The eand batteries are being rapidly pushed forward, and new ones rapidly Korowa Sp sf every avalee eer. Dotbing is being lft undone by the powera that be to “conquer @ peace.”” — MUNITIONS OF WAR SENT FROM THE WA- TERTOWN ARSENAL. (From the Bosvon Traveller, april 8.) We understand that for a number of days pe. abrge quantity of munitions of war, consisting of bombs, can- 2on bails and otber articles, have been from the United States Arsenal at pieces, Se 1. this city for shipment to the South. cemend Payot for this that it is ‘ficult If Lot impossible, to hire a team for private business pur- poses Within a mile or more of the arsenal. vA GOODS DUTY FREPF. The St, Louis Repuditcan of the 24 ult, bes the fotlow- ing:—Every day our importers of foreign merobandise are receiving, by way of New Orleans, very consideradle geantnce 004s, duty free, The ‘are janded at e of New Orleans; no Custom se Novice ie taken. of them, no bonds are executed for the payment of du- ties on their arriva) bere, and on ‘the saving of ope-balf the duty only would afford a handsome profit. ¥f this thing ia to become permanent there will be an en- tire revolution ip the course of trade, and New York wil suffer terribly. Our merchants have cay enough to justify them in making their purchases Earope and ebipping to New Orleans, and i that ciuy, because of the eifley ence ip the tarit’, goods can be bought cheaper im New York. With these advantages we shall be able to sal ceeaeee hemenn other city in the valley of the Mis- Sissippi CROPS IN THE SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY. The Augusta (Ga.) Chronicle says:—Political matters are coming to be disearded new inthe country, in of attention meagure, the: greater the people’s given to their crops. We are glad to know general thing farmers and ters in the Dave wore land in smal! grain, and more planted parea for planting in corn than ever before. 5 withstanding the uz propitious weather of tho winter thus far into the spring, we believe wheat and oats pro- mire*well. We have heara of white wheat injured 80 as to fail down, but ly believe from recent observation and inquiry, that material damages bas been done by the severe immediately atver the swow on the morning of the and 223 inst. The fruit, however, in Georgia, noath of Atlapta, has been, we think, almost totally lestroyed ; at least the peaches apd common plums, wi are 60 valuable to the tarmer for his hogs. ies rears and cherries, just beginning to bicom, are much injured; but there will not be one for five hundred Dbiogeoms. Cotton planting commenced this weei, the crop will be aimoe® all wed by the close of next week, And for diminished breadth of land we are glad to observe that miny aro trying to “get even” better > agree and more manure—domestic and com- = ‘The Oolumbue, Ga. , Sun says:-—Wo rejoice to learnfrom the citizens of Troup foatay says the LaGrange Re- porter, that the prospects for good wheat crope were Dever more promisiug; aud such is the news we sea from all parts of the country. There never was 2 the perple needed goo) harvests more than if we may ju-go fgpm the amount of corn markets from the Northwess. (ur dealers are constantly loading wegons with corn. There never cern gold in Troup in one winter than has been sold here the present season. We are pleased to learn, says the Georgia Forrester, that the late eld weather did hot seriously affect the fruit, 1m this section, Tender vegetables were killed, but thefruit was Ticadt Np Sar age visited other places gave the count by, and we eccaped ite chilling effects, gar — eee aes cn Mag A Jar, ve a bas been up y prom! Ge ‘ger amount of devoted to the crop than ever before, while the season has been highly favorable. Loumiaxa —The Thibodaux Union, of the 33¢ instant, faye :—he weather of the pact week has beea fair bat a ee hee fros’ . the early Lay — week, ut, bat was pot heavy enough to injury to be biscseams 06 tae preah Sue other fue trees, it may have young and tencer plauts. Our planters g-a, bowever, many of them now crgnred in pleoting 4 ee , And Promises @ god «yield, ITEMS FROM SOUTHERN JOURNALS. MAJOR BEN M’CULLOCH We are informed that major Ben MeCulloch, of Texas, Was SeeN P emerge yes'eroay morning about daybroak froma the residence Jf a gentleman in the First ward of this ¢ity noted for bis complexity with the counsals o° be chief conspirators of the oligarchy at tnis poms. On quitting the house he mounted a horse standing conveni- endy pear the door, and rode off—douvtlers accoas the Long Brivgo, into Virginis, from whence, we take it for ranted, he caine to pay this seeret midnight visit to the federal metropolis, We have every rewon to place im- ae F eemmea in this statement.— Vashiayion april 6. CONFEDERATE STATES CONSUL APPOINTED, The Columbus Sun says:—T. Jeff. Sherlock, Fsq., the ent United States Surveyor for th port of Omeionati, as been tendered tho position of Consul from the South- ern confederscy for the Northwestern States, by Preei- Gent Davis, the office to be located at Cinetnnati. ARMS FOR GENERAL HOUSTON. We find the following tn the letter of the Wash’ ecrrespondent Richmond Enquirer, under date of March 31:—Governor Honatoa’s agent passe? throngh here Se Se to New York to paschaso arms. He deni Sin, Play Alice func in Texas, Arkansas, Missouri and Tennessee, and with the jurnsdiction of the Contedera’e States, but ultiately intends to invade Mexico, It ig veliovet here dence with ihe Cabinet on i - > that he is in secret cor reepon: the subject, and is acting in concert with their plang. Pre- sident Davis may have work to do befcre long. TELEGRAPH TO FORT PULASKI. We learn, ‘says the Savaunab Aepublican Nstedte {ec etme wo ryehg ct will be com- jet oven'ng bext, with the exception of Taying of the cable aarose the south channel. - THE WHOLESALE TRADE OF CHARLESTON, a abe eta ei reap ol ‘ent pos.ti ape South han ten i ena ouster’ North to grant her constinutwnai rights, Bu kinds has increased at on omaatag pes uate thronging the city from all quarters of the South, and the ind are that Charleston is destined to become the chiedly confined to Goorgia, b 8 sold heavy bills to mer- chants [rom Georgia, Missiesippt, Arkansaa aod Texas, In shoes alone, the sales of last two have saounnel 6 woweeee of $200,000'=-Cnarteton Meron» a THE DURL NRAR PENSA '. The fact of @ duel at Fort °F Clair Morgan, of Charieston, 8. Ktnted "Navy, has "Ween noted. » has been noti Aays:—It seers that on the night of the reconrotlering Perey ne irty near Teckless daring, propewed der the walis of Viske: make. could; but Storrs objected, saying wat it cae bet porta bang by end the ma; perty 8 wi ita. But Morgan, hot tempered impatient, reproached storra wih timistity. words ween therm. and the boat put the toa land. When they had disembarked to Morgan that he hiad intimated a doubt of his > iy boone had rifles = moon was ee sh "| to this 5 see ey" roca ptt ak ta atthe first fire fell daugerourly |, the: heavy ball of the Sharpe's rifle bah | entered his groin and ranged through and out of the bask part the out thigh. An unfortunate afair, indeed, bet ween two Brave: young men. pe CHANGE rom FOUCHE ol © Vavaoreh ews 0 teleg? aphic deapat. thot Commirsiover John Fersy th is in this city porsdasine end shipping fixed cartridges, &o., to the South, SOUTHERN TRADE. ‘Tho Favannah News says:—The three leading millinery cetablishmente of Macca, Georgia, have purchased their = = = < pring stocks of gence im New Orleans, jastena of gotuy Roe, op heretofore they have douse. Harrah for the Mee. BALE OF yranone IY szactnra. tale ‘week in Arbenarle Coonty Ve, of ne. ian ing to the eetare of the iate Neloon Bark about Nity FOI ab AL RvCRAEY OF ar rut $600, We to talk, raye the Mobile Adio yout the ae Now “bare” tke tho yao of the ” rate ree a fare snd oars’? . eere ave no he See patter of 5 willing that the Permanent governs ot the work of the prow eHonel ounting, Lat me haves tar bY In OUR OMLhiT OF patriot The Mobile Advertierr Fave: Tho oxponee ‘0 ‘wer ing the gover: Mento! i Mains ot thet yrent pion ‘ho: Gity and ecunty of New Serko tritle nnder Lenlow muha sollere Jer et now “Lhat's more ian half ner Will CH ew Low gu 1 iy ihre gh the yc0r covernmout of the owonuy New Orh True Dette domortnes the Lootsians Thee op of “the filthy dress of every eyed fedormlicm to rufian be Siete Conve tie bee theme faction, frew bl rte ory. ‘The Nateh +) Chariot raveim Reflection upon th pub jeet baw bed ve een het it is birdy. th while te po hort weed mno, anita HO UREH IIR aRoer te Hed whe ner the. prop! bo AML. 19 FONE UE o tt a bby AMidsisippt Convemtiog