The New York Herald Newspaper, January 24, 1860, Page 3

NEW YORK HERALD, wegotlater. Indeed, among diplomatic circiey it is { Epgland, once {the mainstay of antiGalicam oon- ‘Bad tha: tho Emperor Bimeelf has becomo resigned to, io fattore of bis original expediont—nay, that the pubii- ‘eation of the famous brochure was designedly made to supersede it Be thie as it may, Lord Cowley is now in London for the | arpose of sonveying to the English Cubi net that the Emperor is quite ready to co operate with it mys views of the Italian settlement, Bis Majesty bas dove bi utmost to save the Duchies, but fads the task impossivie, ‘The only question Is whethor they and the Bowogna shall form a separate kingdom or be annexed to Sardivian Zhere bas oyidently been some discussion with Austria ou the subject of the treaty of Villafranca, for lotterbich bas uot acrupled to say, im more than 4a, that the Dukes were no longer possible. He das Deen almost daily closeted with the Emperor for hours together, aud the intelligence bh» bag received from Vienna is sxid to have disturbed the Prince greatly. As ox indication of the change in the direction of affairs, tho following anecdote, which is now Current, ia interest- os :— A few days ago the Rmperor, while conversing with We Evgiish Ambassadress, Lady Cowley, took occasion te observe that she did not wear on her nup- fal fioger® the engagement ring customary in France, and he drew her attention to the hand ef the Empress, on which one was fixed. On Lady tewley avowing tbat such was not the English custom, the tmyeror replied that Lord Cowley, who bad lived in his youth #0 mveh in France, ought to have introduced ime stom into England. You must permit me, he added, te supply Dis omisson; and then taking from hie vest a n.3i m.oroeso ease, and opening it, he displayed a superb ree hoops of most exquisite diamonds, which be 'y.placed on her iadyship’s finger. The first ts, be ec.d, to supply Lord Cowley’s omission; the second to token Of my personal regard, alld the third is a pledge ef ‘he eternal amity of Eugland and France. The ring is said to he worth £1,500 So the English Ambassador = lime come sudstantial grounds for the mew entente cor- tale The Emperor and Fmpress, after a grand state dinner at, We Tuileries, at which were’ present the Archbishop of Parks, the Duke de Bassano, the Duke de Cambacercs, M. Moequart, and the officers of the Imperial bousehold, held en Tuexday evening, the great 1 of the year. Oa the vhrone sat their }, Surrounded by cn Na- Beiren, Prince Louis Lacien’ Napoleon, Prince Joachim rat, the Princess Clotilde, the Princess Mathilde, the Prin- cen Murat, the Princess Joachim Murat, and the * Anna Murat, and on either side the throne were the officers of the imperial household, the Minis- ’ sidents of the Senate, Legielattve Body, the Mar- the Admirals, the Grand Chancellor of the Legion of jones, etc., ete. etc. All stood; and then, as each of the fautts paszed before the throne, her name Was announced by the Grand Chamerlain and the Grand Master of tho Heusebsid of the Empresa. The coup d'eil was very gaperd. Tho Drilliant costumes of the various officials, As, ib soarlet purple and gold, they congregated en masse, uncer the flood of iumination which pervaded every- where the gorgeous saloons, and the graceful carriage of the Jaaies, ag, one by one, in all the pride of courtly toilet, their superb’ trains mweeping the floor, they curtesied three times in presence of the Emperor and Empress on ‘the aunouncement of their names, formed a scene calcu- alienge admiration. ‘There was uo crowd- lar cecasions in Eogland, but & broad space of eiyht metrem wide was preserved for each lady to piss, two marshalr of the palace supporting her train till she a anced immediately into the presence. After the ladies cen reckived the:r husbands shared a similar honor, he reception, which began at nine, was duished by M-past ten o'clock. re was po music or refresh- ments, Tha rooms were lit up as is usual fora ball. The Cent Garde lined tho grand stairczse on either side. The servants of the impporial bousehoid were all in sta‘ live- Tea and everything was as redolen' of magnificence and grandeur az lights, feathers, golu, diamonds and mighty ignite rive could render it. The letter of tne Bishop of Orleans, which originally ap- peared in the Gazettede France, is now published in the form of a pamphiet, and the sale ta enormous. The cler- &} 372 by no means prepared to see the stafl, as it were, Drowen iD their bands, and to quietly sit down witn the snub ¥, de Lag ter: onierre’s brochure bas inci tentally given te themecives in thus dealing with the Holy Father. Tho Frspop of Orleans’ pamphlet is diligently read and circu- latea, and I suspect we have not yet heard the lest @ it. The Archbishop of Paris, who received his Appentment tnder the imperial.’ régime, assidgously endeavors to compose the troubled minds of those about him, bnt the triumphant tone of: the Eaglish journals and @ the bberal papers in France causes ct soreness. The St-cle Joes not scruple to say that the French government dpring the last ten years hag committed the grave faut of making too many Concessions to the clergy, and of allow- ty them to meddie too much in civil affairs; that the pre- feete have allowed themselves to be too easily guided by Yrebopa and cures in their choise of functionares, and that ‘woven has taken place will be a good }, and prove to ‘the Bishops that the period of fanaticism has long since Paseed away, and thatthe pen of a prelate hag not now the power lo agitate the Freeh public. The bar of Paris bas, a8 I anticipated, been greatly weved by the summary suspension for three months of M. Emile Olivier, and justly cousiders it a most severe blow to e rights and privileges of the forom. M. Emile @iivier, seeompanied by M. Ploesae, batonnier of the Order of Ad- veeates, presented himself Yesterday at the Registrar's of- ftvo of the Tribunal of the Seine, to give notice of appeal against the decision of the Sixth Chamber; but the Ragis- ter bavivg refused to receive bis declaration, M. Olivier ebtiged to make an application to the President of the ‘Tribunal of the Seive. ‘The oid Darrierés of Paris are now deGnitively changed. The city, instead of sixty, will henceforth be the city of a hendred gates. To a nation like the United States, which hea not the ha of living under an octroi dis. pevsation, it will be dimicult to understand the revolution ® © movement of the ancient landmarks excites. Every artic: ~ consumption, be it remembered, in passing fr -m the country to bind town bet] = So bon New the present enlargement of the le Within the precincts of the town at least one hundred fhoucacd families, and the commotion excited among these visions before the fe recuritg themseiver untaxable Je of January, may more easily imagined than de- seribed. There has been a regular furor of investment in things periebable, The wine that has been laid in is pro- dgioug, and speculators have mortgaged} their profits in ercer to fill their stores. But it is now understood that ‘the municipality have the right of inspecting the various ores, and charging octroi upon whatever ts proved to be ever and above the merchant’s ordinary stock; and as % private persons, their pains are said to be futile, inas- Touch ae a great {ail of prices in wines and other articles of consumption will take place in consequence of the heavy stocks Jong Sime? xecured in the town, in anticipation of the mersased demand copgequest on the augmented popu- her has been “extravrdinary. When the cold iecame 60 excessive as to be almost intolerable, it sud- dcpiy changed to a temperature like midsummer, and tow we ere having @ succession of hurricanes that are un reotr.g our houses, blowing in our windows and reuder- fog it @ matter of peril to move from street to street. Our Berlin Correspondence. Beruy, Jan. $, 1860. ‘Ihe Prince Regent's Speech—He Distrusts Louis Napoleon— The London Times’ Opinion of Austria and Prussia— They ave Regarded as “Unaggressive Powers — Austria Suck of the Late War—The Policy of Russia—The Course tat Prussia Should Pursue—The Opening of the Prussian Chambers— Eaciting Times Expected—The Organization of De Army, de., de. The event of the day is a speech made by the Prince Regent on the moruing of the Ist of January, which, to @ pare email things to great ones, has created almost as Much sensation in the political, military aad financial cir- ses of this capital as the famous New Year’s day ha- taogue of Louis Napoleon did in Europe and the world in general. This year the oracle on the Seine has been more propitious, but the peaceful accents that fell from his lips éo pot appear to have found an echo on the banks of the Spree. The precise words uttered by the Prince are va- rious y reported; they were not and probably never will de published im the Prussian Gasetie, like those of his illustrious prototype were in the Moniteur, nor sao they be said to have the official character of the latter, being Addressed, not to the diplomatic corps, but to the general officers of the Prussian | army, who waited on the royal chief to offer their o-ngratuiations on the advent of a new year. Considering, bowever, the habitual reserve of the speaker, and his | aversion to political marifestations, the expressions at. | tributed to him are extremely significant. After thanking bis generals for their good wishes, and complimenting ‘them on thetr zeal in his service, as shown during the late mobilization, he is stated to have remarked that, in the present aspect of Europe, it was impossible to tell how soon their military skill might be again required; and that ¥f, as was to be feared, the year just commencing should ‘bring forth new complications, he was assured that he should always find his faithful army ready to main- tain the honor of Prussia and the independence of Europe. According tag one version, he actually specified the complications hinted at ag erising from the revolutionary spirit encouraged by certain Powers, aud the disregard of international law lacd the righte of sovereigns displayed by them; but it \hed not likely that @ man 80 cautious as the Prince Regen! would indulge openly im allusions which could only be Develled at one individual, and that individaal the most pewentul monarch of the age, On the other hand, it is no _seoret that be has long entertained a profound distrast of | the policy of Louls Napoleon. He bas almost @ personal | antipathy to the French Emperor, end the views disclosed | py the pamphiet of M. de tn reference to ba eettioment of have not tended to bs The London Times: other day that Austria aad Proseia were two “, ”? Powers, one series of attacks upon their weaker neigh- although has really been #0 ’? lately thet her enemios, and even many of her friends, bave not ecrupied to | apply 8 much harsher and less complimentary term to her ebetoc, Wo has not abaya boom 9. Io 17 ee Wacing Yember of Coalition against revolutionary Frau, Aad waa the proclamation of her oye ‘the frontier of patridtic frenzy which rranged the plang of the allied sovereigns. coalition were porsible at the present mo. t the T’russian government, in spite of their nets, Would not be disinclined to emberk in pely (De ae Soy Buch orpendes is past t, Tsu ae. rceet ej Dest, fail feceracies and subsidizer. gener to all Burope, has renewed ber cnienic ue with France, aad is more favorable to revolutionary ideas than even the representative of the. principles of 789. bas joet retired from the contest, severely mauled aod thoronghly siek of fighting; and Rossia bas long since gong over to the ebemy. An offensive war of Prussia ogainet France ia, therefore, ont of the question; but it is not improbabie that if the Prince Regent only fol- lowed the bept of his own inelnations, she wonit assumo an attitude at the Congress which would place hor in op- position to France, and thes draw down upon her those Gapgers whieh the New Year's speech of bis Royal Hign- negs secs darkly looming in the womb of futarity. We may hope, howaver, that the advice of bis Ministers, the representations of England, and the good seuse of which be hee given several proofe since his accession to power— and which bas enabled iim to overcome the prejudices of hia early education—will prevent him from entering upon & course that would eventually lead to such results, Prussia bas vot the least interest in the temporal sove: reiguty of the Pope, nor in the restoration of the legitimate dynasties ef Centra! Italy. Her true policy is to as- sist in the establighment of an Italian Power, strong enough to be independent, both of France and of Austria, and to act aga barrier bei “cen ‘hore two States, whose qvarreis have been dist og Europe for the last three centuries, and after beguinine on Italian, hag generally ended by being transferreu to German ground. The wisest course for Py vee'a, ther % be to advocate the abne xat »8 and the Legatious to Sardivia; this too, would co: io with the views of England, and draw st! loser the od8 that connect it with that country © at (ue Sano thne it would baille the plaus attribute onis Napoleon, for placing a Prince of his own house on the throne of Central Italy. This is the any Spon mended by M. de Sebletnitz, and hence it will be easily imagined how obnoxious thisstatesmap is to the camarilia or Kreuz Zeitung party, whoare Austrian and Papiatto the backbone, and who prociaim openly that the chief duty of. Prussia ig to maintain the Kaiser on his throne and the Vicar of Christ in his chair. As yet, however, their machinations have been unsuccessful. M. de Schleiuitz is still Minister of Foreign Affairs, and unless the Oongress £0 long announced and 0 often postponed, should be ulti mately adjourned to tbe Greck kalends, he will appear there as the representative of Prussia. ‘The next session of the Prussian Chambers, which opens on the 12th inst., will be more than usually important, and, ip fact, decisive, for the constitutional character of the kingdom. A number of new laws will be by the Ministry. In the first place, the Civil Marr’ act; then an act for equalizing the land tax, and extending it to those landholders who have hitherto been exempt from the durthen to which the rest of the community are sub- ject; and finally, a modification of the laws against the press, by which some of the shackles will be removed that were imposed upon the ex- pression of public opinion by the late reactionary rig All these bil's will easily pass through the cond Chamber, where the liberal party have a decided majority, but the great question is, how they will be re- ceived in the House of Lords. In that assembly the repre- sentatives of feudalism are predominant; they were select- ed by the late government from among their most devoted adherents and the heads of the great aristocratio families of Prugsia, and every proposa! of a Nbera!"tendency ia sure to meet with stremious oppesition on their part. In the Jast session already they succeeded in throwing out nearly all the measures introduced by the present Cabinet, and there is very Iittle doubt but that they will persist in the same tactics, by which they not only hope to prevent tho completion of reforms that would be destructive to the tn- ttnence of the aristocracy, but to render the position of the iveral Ministry untepable, and thus pave the way for the return of & conservative ngime. The only way to neutralme their resistance wonuli be the creation of a etrong batch of peers, by which the Ministerial party in the House would be eo far reinforce» as to outnumber the opposition; but the Prince Regent is averso to such astep, the legality of whieh is questioued during his brother lifetime, and imagines that tho refractory nobles will be induced by an exertioa of his personal authority to accede to measures which he considers necessary for the weal of the State. In this I sm afraid his Royal Highnoes is mistazep; though profuse in their professions of devotion to the tbrove and submission to the will of their sovereign, there gentry can show themselves as obstinats and un- bending 4s apy radical or red republican when their own privileges are trenched upon, and especially when an at- tack is made upon their breeches pockets, such as is con- templated by the extension of the land tax. Passive obe- dience and non-resistance are al! very well for the vulgar; your true aristocrat knows better than to apply such phrases to himself. He {8 quite willing to assist Kings and emperors in curtailing the liberties of the people, but the ‘verted rights” of the nobility must be preserved invio- late, or their loyalty will be found to stand on a very slip- pery foundation. Another exciting topic is the reform in the organization of the army, which will probably give rize to an animated discussion, and may even occasion a aplit in the minieterial ranks, ag many of the liberals are Iikely to prefer the project of General Von Bonin to that of his snecessor, It will readity be. inferred, therefore, that the approaching Parliamentary campaign is looked forward to with more than ordinary intercet. The Crisis in Rome. OPINION OF THE POPE ON THE FRENCH PAMPRLET— NAPOLEON'S LIFE AND DEBDS PLACARDED IN THE CITY—PRINCELY TESTIMONIALS TO VIUTOR EMA- NUKE ee HAFOLEOS. Aone eykt , 01 c. 81) correspondence jon Post. me poate Seonbest here by the acheme for the settle- ‘mert of the Roman question, ag developed heirene, yong recently published at Paris, may be spp) by the following article upon the subject, which heads the official journal of Rome of yesterday evening:— Ap anoymons pamphlet bas recently Paris, with the ty) of Messrs Oidot, anc et le Congres.” peared. t is also a subject of grief for Seaweed tai kieale es ities mortal ‘against he oe errors and ingul Ree, ‘ond 0 often ‘triump) ly comfuted whatever, on the of Cae If, Lapp rhich the ro noel or ‘my pamphlet propose agains! Sie 2 weer onsen os ed, the suthor may be certain that be tbe io favor, and sup) bimeelf onthe solid and immovable basta of justice, and who, above ‘all, is sustained by the om of King of Kings, bas y Botbing to fear It is super fluous to add that this apparent reliance upon the protection of Providence is far from giving a real feel- ing of security to the government of his Holiness. On the contrary, the utmost alarm prevails with regard to the final destiny of ecclesiastical temporalities, snd it has even ‘become a question of doubt whether Cardinal Antonelli ‘will consider it worth while to go to the Congress at all. The probability of his ever actually a seat in that assembly, aithongh he might deem it expedient to repair to Paris as fret plenipotentiary, appears to have been al- ready negatived by hie appointment to the high dignity of Legate, @ latre, or papal alter ego,an honor which has been only conferred ‘wo other members of the Sa- cred College during the present century—viz., Cardinal Caprara. on the re-establishment of the Catholic’ worship under the first Napoleon, afd the reopening of the churches after the desecration of the revolutionary period; apd secondly and more recently Cardinal Petrizi, when he visited Paris to officiate at the baptism of the Prince Imperial. The appointment in the prosent instance is of course entirely a political one, otherwise it would be re- markable that it should be conferred on Cardinal Anto- selti, who is only 2 cardinal deacon. Crowds of people ave been collected lately on the Pi- azza Colonna to read a large placard, decorated with the red, white and green stripes of the Italian tricolor. The feet of these probtbited colors being left peaceably on the wall by the police was explained by the circumstance of the piacara being put up to announce the publication of a lite of the Emperor Napoleon III. , ‘dedicated to the valo. rovs Franco-Itaiian armies,’ and comprising various epochs: of the Emperor's eventful career, down to the war by him against Austria for the cause of Italian indepen- dence. The announcement of events so distasteful to the ecclesiastical government would not bave been allowed to continue attracting the eye of the public had not the ma nifesto with the gigantic letters of the imperial name been affixed immediately opposite the French and under the protecting surveillance of the French eeatries. The whole affair was an importation from Milan, and eertainly locked strangely out of place in the present anti-Italian atmosphere of j Holy Two swords of honor, to be offered as patriotic tributes from the Romans to the Emperor Napoleon and King Victor Emanuel, in commemoration of the Lombard cam. paign, have just been completed by Signor Castellani, from deeigns furnished by the Duke of Sermoneta. Tne subecription for each person was limited to two pasls— that is, 10d. sterling, and calculated to amount to 4,000 soudi, that is to say, equivalent to 20,000 subscribers. ‘The affair bas beep managed by a committee, headed by Prince Gabrilla, a cousin of the French Emperor, and also the family. The prerentation of them; but the members of the committee have been distinctly informed that the realization of this intention, with anything ras or demonstration, will be bighiy distasteful to the go- vernment of ble Holiness to attract admiring spectators in Signor Castellani’s show rooms. are without being gaudy, and only differ from other in the emblems on the hilts being in one instance the crossof Savoy, and in the other the |: eagle. scabbards bear the Inscription “ Per Vindependenzs Ita }, and bears: ‘deciphered that of “ Fides prevalet ar: a favorite motto with the Church and her ad- om the Westminster Review for Jan. On and tab ‘of April, a movement {un Tuscany, with the sons 4 Biale afi ot aaktoass rete ‘Dare eolish resulted, to” tM. EA did nothing of the kind. He acted with good faith in sense of his instructions, which were by every effort to try and imance the government of the Grand Duke to eater into an alliance with Piedmont, which would secure it against revohationary dangers. By one of those fits of in- fayaquon whigh sometimes suddenly render an individual proof agptiat Dis most natural sensations, the Grand Dake, generally so timid and craven hearted, manifested on th! Occasion an impracticable stubbornness. To quote the of Mr. Scarlett, im bis despatch of Apri! 30, e of M. Boncompagni met with an imme- diate retusal.’? Phis is the more wonderful, because we are in a condition to affirm that the police reports were perfectly truthful, and represented the total disaffection Of thearmy. But the Graud Duke was under the impres- sion of the events ot 1848. He never doubted the supe- rierity of the Austrian army—be hada blind fath in its certai h grey ame tancied hithself so asaured of protec- tion from its force at Bologna, that on bis arrival there he wes perfectly confounded on eee. that ite com- mander was Lot prepared to march the following day ito Florence to et hia restoration. In the presence of the effict produced by this malignant obstinacy, tho hones patriots, bent op preventing elements of sedition, felt that the only means of preserving the existing form of govern- ment coneisted in a change of hands, For now the bad become affected with the intensest mistrust of their somanale sealing: (0 mind how, when spontaneously restored in 1849, he had broken his oath to the constitu- tion, and without reason invoked an Austrian army—but above all, the treacherous correspondence in which he eutreated Radetzky to take care to rid bim of the canaille whom he had been obliged tosend to the war. It was under these circumstances that the revolt of the 27th of April occurred, when the Marquis of Laiatico, one of the first men in yn for rank and character, ropre- s-nted to the Grand Duke, who had sent for him, he felt it impossible to take chargo of the ad- ministration uniers he consented to abdicate in favor of bis fon. Mr. Scarlett reports how the Grand Doke told the members of the oi diplomatique, “that be considered the proporal an ingult,and a violence offired to him in his character ag a sovereign, to which he never would consent.” But the deportment he had manifested that morning was very different from the haughty spirit which seoms to breathe in these accente, and affords irrefutable evidence that, but for his acei- dental hallucination as to the invincibility of Austria, he would have ylelded without difficulty, as had been ex- pected, to the original propositions of Pixdmont, For {t is a fact that when he found abdication pressed upon him, the Grand Duke, clinging to possession with the mean de- spair ef miserly reeling, was not ashamed, after all that bad passed, to offer to go to the balcony of bis palace win- dow with a tricolor banner in his band and to declare war against Austria. But whata fow da: filled the measure of everybody's wishes by the Grand Duke’s own folly, bad then become useless; and thus, through the irresistible force of circumstances, a result was precipitated which ignorance alone can ascribe to the intentional suggestions of Count Cavour. Should any one still persist im soning. our view, we Would ask bim bow it comes the supposed conspirators, men of undoubted capacities, should have been unpre- pared for an event which they are reprosepted as having echemed from afar. The trvth is, that the fall of the dynasty was a “yi to every body, and a most annoy- ing one to Count Cavour, who found himself under the necessity of tabing, at a highly critical moment, some de- cision with reference to a contingeucy that seemed to offer but a choice of undesirable risks. In the void left by the Grand Duke’s departure,fthe municipality of Fiorenee, a8 the corporation on the spot, assum-d supreme author: delegating it to a junta of threo individuals; such body was not calculated to carry out effici ntly the purposes of a revolution, which, made with the o>ject of pressing a. the resources of the country into the service of the war, called for a ready and quick executive, which coul4 not be constituted by a junta embarrassed in its action by a sense of ite equivocal title. With true instinct its mem- bere felt the requirements of the case to demand that they should place themselves under the command of Pied- mont, and they hastened to do so. But at this pola host of age ae difficulties beset all parties. The members of the provisional governaient, men of political fore- right, were, indeed, prepared for al! the possible conse. Loe oe leo ted Dut not £0 the oil A —_ ‘not of individuals, but no party, in Tuscany had at that time familiarized itself with tho’ thought of union with Preamont. Institutions and traditions existed in Tuscany whicb for the people were objests of genera! pride and at- tachment, and the loss of which had never been contem- plated, The junta, therefore, took care to word Its offer so as to bear but a provisional and limited sense; but this, ‘bough sufficiemt to guara latent suscep’ bilities, did not selieve the court of Turin from grave perplexity; already the object of eevero reflections from the cabinets of Evrope for i8 grasping policy, Piedmont gaw forced on ‘t an offer, which, if accepted, would give confirmation to the charge without the probability of its ultimately making good any acquisition, While its Tefusai must discourage confidence—a grievous danger in moments of crises when senaitiveness Decomea extreme—and necoasar!iy plunge Central Italy, left without a government, into discussions that could only prove the means of reviving parties nap- wily exting d. This last consideration induced Count Cavour to accede to the Tuscan proposal, but the goyera- ment thus instituted was marked with the perplexity of ts origin. AUSTRIAN POLICY FOR 1860. [From the Ost Deuteche Post of Vienna, Dec. 31.] ‘The great lesson of tho past year is that we baye boon taught to know by facts the dissolution of European soli- “arity. The period in which we live has broken with the spirit of 1816, without having replaced it by new prinziples. ‘The mutual insurance established between States has ceased; each endeavors to protect itself. In 1859 Aus- tria was the Jast knight of the principle which she be- lieved to de still in full vigor and universally recognized, but she had to support alone the whole weight of the struggie. The others withdrew, cither ort ad under various pretexts, and abandoned her toher fate. Each State endeavors to save such parts of treaties as directly interest itself, but the right of others mects with a very lukewarm support, and even with none atall. We know not what will issue from the chaos of euch priucipies, but perhaps the Congress will enlighten us on the snb- ject. In the meantime we hail with joy the measure by which Austria, in suppressing the levy of 1860, makes known to the world that she no longer intends to shed her blood for the defence of principles for which the other great Powers profess so much indifference. Austria, falls back on herself; she will be sought for at the decisive bour, and she may then dictate the conditions on which she will bring forward her forces, regenerated in the in. terval by wise institutions, to those who may atand in need of her, and who may implore her assistance, MONEY WANTS OF THE CONTINENTAL POWERS. [From the London Times (City Article), Jau. 5.) Conjectures continue difficult regarding the means by which the various Continental Powers known to be in want of money wi!!! obtain supplies. In that respect the position of Austria appears to be hopeless, the recent sur- reptitions iasne of £12,000,000 of national stock, and the total absence of any sign of deference to the universal condemnation upon it having virtually put ber out of the pale of governments that can be dealt wish. Con- cerning Spain the feeling increases that the Morocco war will, more rapidly than was expected, ex- haust her treasury, which had become full only through the evasion or confiscation of just debts. Portugal is in great want of means for public works, but the tréatment of all the coutractors and capitalists who have lately ven- tured to negotiate with hor is lixely to prove a suificient warning agaivat speculation in that region. Turkey, of course, i$ always in need; but needy as she is, she hes thus far avoided that dishonor which has fallen on so many Powers of greater pretensions. Russia, it is certain, must raise additional funds before long, acd’a formal an- nouncement of the fact has been looked for during the past few weeks. The last loan bas proved wholly inade- quate to effect the promised restoration of the currency, and the deticiency in the original subscriptions to it is now rumored to have been much beyond what was supposed Probably, however, as the final instalment on this loan will not fall due till the 25th inst. any notice of new opera- tione will be deferred until after that date. The Italian Question. COUNT WALBWSEI’S RESIGNATION AND THE FRESDOM OP ITALY. (From the London Post {Government organ), Jan. 6.) Count Walewski has resigned his OWice as Minister for Forelgn Affairs in France, and his bas been accepted by the Emperor. The firat effect of such an occurrence on the puolic wind, upon the eve of an expected Congress, will nataral- ty be that it cannot fail to add to the existing complication of European aflairs. We are inglined to think differently. We believe that the event, more carefully considered, af fords strong evidence, if not proof, that the Emperor Na- poleon has made up his mind to take hie line with us on the Italian question. Jn that case, Congress or no Congress, er | will aes Count Walewski personally it is impossible that any one can speak otherwise than with the greatest respect. He is—and the entire diplomacy of Europe will confirm us in the ee ee te oe of vast and varied information, of great ability for business, what most concer:s us here, a firm and consisteat friend, at least in intention, to the English alliance. But for some tume past it hag been obvious that the policy of tne Connt has strongly partaxen of the character known in modern parlance as reactionary. In other words, if not absolutely legitimist in the ordinary and limited sense of tho term, it haa betrayed a tendency in favor of the claims of the ad- dicated Ttallan Dukes. The fact that these Dukes can never be restored except by the eifect of foreign bayonets, coupled with the known resolution of Napoleon If. that no external military force shal! be employed in settling the affairs of the Peninsula, makes it at once obvious that the charge ef the fore’ relations of France could no longer be confided, with propriety, to the hands of M. Wi No other subject of urgeut political interest at this moment preeres itself on the attention of the French Cabinet, and ek yet therefore, are the proximate cause of Count We 8 retirement from office. aye can perfectly understand that, with the feclings of a gh minded gentleman, M. ‘Walewski has felt the impos- sibility of remaining the active instrument in promoting a policy of which he could not approve. We can equally ay the ‘of the Emperor at the severance of those intimate ties that have for so lovg a period bound up together the Crown and one of its most able and zealous servants. Butas a difference of opinion merely, and no coolness of persoual feeling has occasioned the disruption, we think it not improbable that some otver sphere of ac- tion may be discovered in which Count Walowsk! shall yet have the means of evincing bis attachment to the Em- Pperor and bis usefulness to France. M. Thouvenel, who succeeds to the management of foreign affairs, han already achieved a Evropern reputation. He bas talent, industry and good faith; and, with the exception of those temporary diver- gencies, almost inseparable from modorn di he has, whenever 8 good friend to al even were bis qualities of his-accession to office at the present moment—taking into thst have contributed to the ro- view the ve wo tirement of bis -—must be taken as affording © new corroboration of the friendly feeling of France towards England. An old and minister ia to resign office Decause he is unable to form the same estimate of Italian affairs as that which preeents itweelf to tho eye of his sovereign. It is perfectly obvious, therefore, that the new minister, in as- suming office, must have hog 8 shown that he did so im fall concurrence with sh® feelings of the Emperor. There will consequently be none of the apparent hesitation that has marked the interval between the interview at Villafranca and the present time; and in the Congress, if it should meet, the head that plans the Yiey of France will be in accord with the hand that ex ecutes it. Jf there be no Con; , there will, at least, be po intervention, and Italy will be ‘unopposed in assuming that pince among the nations of Europe which will at once fulfil the early aspirations of the Emperor Ne and saticfy the anztous desire of the people of Baglan.?. |From the London Herald (Derby Orga), Jon 6.) 2 * * * ‘We seo in M. Walewski’s retiroment on'y tue fail of * dente— Mr Van Bi TURSDAY, JANUARY 24, 1860.—TRIPLE STIEET. 8 Minister # lttic too intent pon carrying ont his personal views, and a proof of the Emperors determination not te De thwarted by Austria, the clergy, or by bis own serv- ants, in bis scheme for reconctiing the temporal power of the Pope with ti wowed odjects of the war in Kaly. That Count Walewekt’s fall wit! excite consiterabie dia- ust in Vienna is certaip, TI be bag for some timo eep regarded as the one hope of the old regimes im Lialy, and the insuperable obstacie to tho further aggrandize- went of Sardinia. His retirement fuilwwing 90 quickly after the pampblet “Le Pape et le Coagrés,” must convines the Court of Vienna that, in despite of the convention of Villa- franca, and the treaties of Zurich, the Brench Em- peror has completely abanduomd any % ef re Moring the depwed rulers of Ceneral italy. If he can 80 quietly countenance the break np of the Papal Terri- | i] tory, although the Pope hus in ae single instance surren- dered his rights to the Romagna, and although those rights remain de fala in Lig Hol'sess 8 hands, he is not likely to ipsist very strongly on ths restitution of princes | who have formally abdicated the:r aovereign powers. Tt Would be well for Aurtna if ebo herself would recognize an error and retrace het steps, Tha cancordat has dono nothing for her in Italy or in Hangary. Sbe can do hittle now for the Pope, She may rely upon it that it willbe agevil day for ber when she shail be found ailied with Spain and Naples to uphold a system re- probated by public opinion throughout Kurove. Though will indelinly haracter which tind herself Is of Barope. She will place an impasexdle gulf betwoon herself and the butik of the German people. “She will give to France the undivided supremacy over the minds of Roman Qatho- fica tu Europe, Above all, she will throw in herg ot with a cange that is daily losing ground, which she cannot pos- sibly maintain, but which may drag her down with it to decay and ruin. What ae French Emperor's policy with Lic ne to Italy is we do pht profess to know. But we can plainly that the most dangerons attitude Anstria could agkume would be one of con:inaed oppusition to the ux. preesed wish of the Italians. If Francis Josoph xnew his Btrevgth and his weakness—if ho would look at theca reer of his Imperial rival, and learn bow much of his success is owing to bis keen appreciation of the advantage of popular sympathy, he might gpeadily regain th ground he has lost, an? set himself right with Ttaly, with Germany, with bie own subjecta, ant with Earope. If h» neglects the opportunity pow oflered his obatinacy will shake the very foundations of big empire. British Opinion the Union Meeting in New to: m the London Ti: Jan. 3) ‘Those who thivk thet the cause of the negro has been served by the raid of Jobe Brown aud the apseches of hit canonizers will do well to read tl of held in New York, on the 19th banner of ‘Justice to the Sox n gz, de it observed, was +1: ‘and intiuentia!.” Fora fortnight a manifesta had been circulating in the cy, and hai re. celved an immense number of wignatzroe. Toa purport of this document was to express attachment to the Union and condemnation of ado excesses, The meeting necessarily followed on this demoustration. It was crowded apd enthusiast!:, cheering to the utmost the strongest pastages in the speakers’ orations. It had the coneyrrense of the firs: mon in the Union, letters expressing sympathy with its objects baving Been received from no Ices than thrae ox-Preai- ) Mr. Fillmore apd Mr. Pierce, We 'y to have represented protty closely of New York, tho largest, richeat apd most infiuent city inthe Union—the which, Deing equally ret d from New England and from the cotton States, may be-considered to afford a fair aample of average American opinion, What, then, waa ths tone of tho meeting hetd in thia froe State city? What were the sentiments which rece'ved the Jondest applause? What was the ‘justice? which the speakers demanded for the South? One wou the demonstrations at Boston, that the apa the slaveowner would he damb: that, shocked by Gov Wiee’s wickedness, they would not dare t wag their tongues against the memory of the martyrs whose hlood bas watored the tree of Kberty. Bot, uniapp'ly for the effect of the abolitionist Sampaign a: Harper's ferry and Boston, the specohes of the New Yorkers are “pro slavery” to ap exteat which must startle the most indifler- ent. % far from showing indignation atthe doings of tne Virgipians, or even eXcnsing the existence of slavery in may take the asse: the prevailing opi the old apologetic fashion, the orators at this meeting, the wih which ex. Presidents sympa\ institution on natura!, moral and scr!ptural leave it to be inferred that slavery dors net é) York cnly becouse negro Iabor ig not want Preamble which recited the various federal acts giving the slave States a right to the support of the goverament at Washington, Mr Brooks moved the tinst resomtion, do- fending the existence of involuntary servitade by ‘te prac- tice in the Romaa empire at Chr! ¢emned by the founder of Chrietianit by the tact that Abrabam, Isaac and Jacob are all repro- fented to bave heen owners of slave property. The Bible powbere condemms siavery; ‘the Bi fe, then, {s not in conflict with tbe constitution.” Mr. O°Gonor tailored, and compared a getteman wh: od him to the serpent which beguiled Eve. He considered that tho equality of the negro was aatmporsible 28 tuo morality of the Mor- mon, “As a whie nation we made our constttntion, and” ily dofend nd we made our Iswe, yeeting political rights im tuat'sasy, the white American people.’ ‘The negro wo left, 80 Jong as the community in which he lived should be pleased to order, in the condition of a bondmam. (Ap- planse.) Now, gentlemen, to that condition the negro is assigned by nature. (‘Bravo!’ applauge and ‘That’s ao!’) He has strength, and ig potent to isbor; but the nature which created the will denied bim both the intellect to prern and the willingness to work. (Applause.) Bot wera denied bim—both were denied him! And that nature which deprived bim of will to labor gave him a master to coeres that will, and to make him a use- fol servant in the clime in which he was capable of living, ‘both for himself and for the master who governed him. I maintain that # 1s not injustics t leave the negro in the position in which nature placed bim, to give him a master togovernhim; * * * nor is it depriving him of any of his rights to compel him to labor in return, and afford to that master a just compensation for the labor and talent employed in governing him and rendering him useful to bimself and to the society in which he lives. * * ‘Wo are not to talk abput slavery being anevil; * * * ‘we are to look at it by the voice of inspiration which is to be found in the sacred volume, and which nowhere con- un, the bondage of those who are naturally At for mndage.”” ‘There can be no doubt that these are the prevailing views “Ke in the free States of America, and as little that the viol@ht doings of the abolitionists have had a great share in producing them. It is but a few years since the Jangnnge of every American in regard io slivery was apologetic. ‘It could not be helped; it would die o iy and Delaware and Maryland, and perhaps Ke: tucky, would be free States before long,” and g0 on. But of late no such language has been heard, and the cause of the change, though principally the grea? increase in the vaine of slave property, is in @ great measure also the hatred 1 d by the abolitionists over the whole South. Tho fertile cotton growing States might be expected to sup- port en institntion which makes their wealth: but even the bigh price paid for fine young nogross would hardly have prevented Virginia from making some steps towards freedom, had it not been for continual irrita- tion kept up by the Boston demagogues. In this State nd one or two of theolder slave districts the negro’s work is chiefly domestic, and, what is of more importance, a large body of white men, among whom are numbers of ib dustrious German immigrants, are showing how much can be done by free labor. Ali the conditions requisite for the trial of the experiment of emanc'pation were coming into existence, and Virginia and Maryland might by this time bave severed themselves from the sisterhood of slave States, had it mot been for the feud between North and South fomented by the people have thrown tho old ci dack under the dominion of the coarse planters of the extreme South; they have made the division between the two sections so comple‘s that, as a momber of Congress observed, even the disruption of the Uvion would hardly make much social diflerence, aud all with- out the emallest gain to the negro, but, on the contrary, to his ‘rreparable lose. Formerly, the negroes in the Northern slave States were not debarred from instruction. If a master or a good natured mistress chose, the slaves in a family might be taught to read and write, end often they were very fair proficients. But it is not only that the stringeucy of the slayeowner’s rule has been increased; the change of opinions in the free States is a melancholy sign. -emmarks of Mr. O’Conor which we have quoted, are but a fair sample of what Americans have learnt to think and say. 1 ch: ts to be almost tributed to hatred of the aboli not to meddle with slavery as long as Pacete wr caer meee ee ig tt,and making sentimental gj the sad burden with which their forefathers, the British, had saddled them. It is only politica) animosity which bas led to the adoption of slavery as a creed by the mass of Americans, and yet there can be no doubt that the adoption bas really been made. Nor ‘s ita mere barren belief; the “ Scott’? care shows that it has found its way tothe judicial bench, and it has been carried out in the judgment which made so great a sensation in Europe, and also in the great political measure which allows any new Territory to adopt elavery if it chocees. We cannot congratulate the abolitionists on the success of their exer- tions, which have plunged the race they favor into deeper darkners, and have made the subjection of man to map the belief of 2 Christian a [From Ll nss i Guardian, Jan. 5] * The abortive attempt to liberate the Virginian negroes may possibly not “pay” in the sense in which John Brown prophesied it would do on the eve of hie execution; ‘but it will certainly be far less Likely,to affect the reason- ing by which men have arrived at the conciusion that the subjection of one race of human beings to another is an act of usurpation which, whatever apology may be made for it under puculiar circumstances, cannot be justified in the eye of morality or religion. Before we can consent to put so forced and revolting a construction on simple facts, there is another thing to be taken into consideration. We must not neglect to make iberal allowance for the political institutions and cus- toms of the United States. yw long has it been ib that the whole community can be held responsible participating in any rubbish that may be talked at what is called @ public meeting in one of the large cities of the Union? We are told that it warn ‘ ‘and influen- tial” assembly of the kind at New York, that gave occa- sion for tho which is commended to our notice a# & sample of what Americans generally have ‘deen brought to say and think. One ortwokcaves or idiots, Irteh patrony mics, uttered, it seems, ‘more than the usual amount of atrocious about the justification of from argu founded on the semimed patural inferiority of the negro, the practice of sacred history and the absence of any specific condemna- tion of tho tm the Christian Scriptures. No doubt it i# am difficult to prevent this abuse of a de- monstration syowedly intended only to evince at- tachment to the Union and reprobation of aboll- tionist excesses as it is to hinder brawling priests in the county of Cork or hank from reviling their Sovereign under pretence of declaring their devotion to their Church. But we eught to be able, from experi- ence of our agitations at home, to forin a pretty correct potion of the weight to be attached to irolated expressions used by irresponsible bp tema public meetings. 1, withstanding the aid of this analogy, we fall to understan how far the and brutalitics uttered ata New York: ic meeting may be from reflecting the prevailing venti ments of the Amer people, it is because we have fortn nataly nothing among us that cam be compared bo that een! community in ty ts amomalons relation ta the couniry of which i forms a part, To jorm avy cw! swlalion of we ational views or feelings from public demonst-ations in New York, would be an ect of injustice to the gow #epee and uprightwess of the bulk of the American Population which we have too often been warne against to be likely to commit, A needy, dissolute, and turbulent meb of foreign linmigrants, oocupy the com mercial capital of the bigh-souled republic, and, for all Purpores of political acvivity, sway i8 influence at their pleasure. Democratic principles, ax at prosent understood include 4 biluo and obstinate achesion to slavery ip spite of yarning or entreaty; but the cause of human bondage wil'long continue to be shouted for by New Fork rufians eather on the platform or in the street, before we can bettere that tt has made converts of minds ‘a which is injustice and danger have ever been 0} parent f ¢ of avoiding the error of hasty conclusions which we deprecate in others, we would point our wwes 8 one feeling which we think will long survive most of the excited passions evoked by the Har per’s Ferry outbreak, A iaating result will, we peliove, bo an aatonishod genes of the extremely feeble constitntion of sooiety which it haa revealed in the slave States. Whether the extraordinary preeantionr which the authorities of Virginia and the neighboring States thought proper to take to secure their safety and the execution of tbeir laws were really necessary or hot ig not very material. Governor Wise and his friends disclosed an intimate n of the weakness and dan: ger of their position, which must greally weaken their hands ‘tn the further progress of the controversy. They cannot con sisteptly or safely abandon the repressive course on which they entered when they set on foot a large military force, ordered arbitrary restraints, and put all kinds of irksome obstructions in the y of the ordinar opportunities of locomotion. Trey ‘are, indeed, fo lowing up the path into which ‘their fonre beve urged them. It will, perbeps, surprise many admirers of republican institutions to be told that under the vaunted freedom supposed to be secured by the protection of the stars and stripes, the distribution of anti-slavery publications is obstructed by procisely the same official agency which is employed in France or Ruesia to prevent the circulation of printed facts and rea- sonipge distasteful to the government. Such, however ik the case as avowed in a brief correspondence relating to one of the best Kvown journals in the United States. Vt bas been officiatly communicated to the editor of the New York tribune that, under cover of a recent decision by the American Postmaster-General, a Virginian postoflice Will in foture refuse to deliver his paper, on the ground that its“ imeendiary character” renders its circulation in- consistent with the safety of society ; and Mr. Horace Greeley appears to admit in bis reply that he has no ro- dress “gaipst this hardship, but to wait until the prevalenco of more courageous views in the government restores the sone of freedom to their natural rights. The New Treaty with Mexico—Its Com- mercial and Financial Benefits, n Post (government organ), Jan. 6.) amercial and military transport, just concluded between the United States and the Juarea government in Mexico, presents itself for considera- fion Iu several points ‘of view, Regarded in @ purely commercial cbaracter, there ia no doubt that it confers @ re y of advantages to both coun tries; and re ) a military character, it le equal. ly certain that it’consults tho common ‘interests of Intl of tral 10 Cage, while the ort, the Mexicans u ing trade acress theirown isthmus; and in the other, while the former possess the right of senaiog munitions of war against any eventualities throvgh Tebnanteprc and Sonora, tha Juarez govei ment gain the aliiance and presumptive military sup. part of the United States in any attack which the Miramou party may make upon them across the line of teangit ceded by Juarez tothe Washivgton government, in Joint sovercignty, ‘There are the two chief characteristics of the treaty which Mr. McLane has just coucluded, 80 far as its bearing op the proapr cts of Mexico is concerned, But as a commercial interest of the United States and of other Powers, this treaty invites consiieration in some. what more det The Cabinet of Wasbington bas ob tained a conccesion of two lines of transit from tho Gnif of Mexico to the Pacitle ocean. These two lines are to form peutral property, the Washington and Vera Cruz governments bowg what is termed in international law ‘qouverains par indivis;” and the peutrality of the two lines of tranait ‘@ to bo guarded by both governments ahke. This community of protection tenas to divest the treaty of the character of an absolute surrender of sovereignty, thongh tbe United States reserve to themselves the right of giving an exclusive forcible pro- tion to their national interests against the event of the Juarez government falling to secure them quiet possession, This stipulation may be thought to bear the character of introducing the thin end of the wedgo into Mexican sove- reignty; but, on the other hand, the insecurity incident to civil war would preclude apy American merchant from sending bis wares through the Mexican territory without some auch protection, Warehouses are to be built at the termint of each route, and all goods pasging between the Atlantic aud Facitic ara to be tree of duty, for what intry they may be bound. These are briefly the alleged commercial stipulations of the treaty, and in exchange for such advantages the United States government grauts four millon dollais to that of Vera Cruz, one half being taken 1 liquidation of Mexican debts to American boudholde1 d the other balf being actually ta ha matt s+- ~ SS ecaait to view this treaty ia @ commercial cotSaer, aimuga thera ia one stipulation of an irrele- vant and gratuitous description, namely, that which aims to secere freedom of religion to Mexico, and thus points atap mn and active sympathy with the liberal cause, and indicates a hardly disguised hostility to the Miramon party. Sofarassuch a clause tends to impart fresh con- fidence in the liberals, we shall bardly be dissatistied with it. Much of the commercial benotit to be obtained from this right of transit depende, in our view, upon the ante cede’ question, whether the difficulty; expenso and delay of unloading and reloading will more tnan compensate for the eaving of miles in avoiding tho fea passage round Cape Horn. The diminution of distance by way of Tehuantepec, between the United States and the chief ports of the Pacific, is so great as to repder it probable that this compensation will be fully obtained. The instance of the Cape of Good Hope and Red Sea routes, between England aad India, is hardly apposite. The Cape route has retained its pre- eminence over the direct course through Egypt partly in consequence of the difficult navigation of the Red Sea—a consideration whith does not apply to any part of the new Mekican route between New York and the Paciilc. Woe assume, therefore, that the domed treaty will be found fay Hed inereage the facilities of traffic lately opened Wil ina, California and the ‘coasts of South Ame- rica. It is obvions that this concession of the Juarez goveru- ment to the United States does not compromise the right of any other State to negotiote with the de facto government Smtern Mexico for similar pri ty some other roule across the isthmus, although, if such other routes are not already in existence, the creation of fresh roads would be a peceseary antecedent to the concession ef a corres- ponding right of transit to this country or to Fr: Tho Maritine States of Europe bave, however. a | iw a participation in such privileges than they independenes and well being of Mexico. Great Britain might, no doubt, negotiate for the poasession of a paralie) ¢ the Tehuantepec isthmus; but, in all probabi- were to obtain such a right, the vast bulk of c trade would continue to pass as heretofore either by way of Cape Horn, or by way of the Cape and Australia, In Mexico itself she bas, however, peculiar interests. Many of the Mexican mines are worked with English capital, and by the bands or under the supervi rn of Englishmen. While the gold and silver mines of that country have been so well worked that they are reputed by M. Chevallier to bayo yielded £592,00,000 sterling amce the discovery of America, the jrop abd Jead mines have scarcely been examined; and, although their products would scarcely remunerate ex- portation, they would be of the utmost value in the coun- try itself, where iron bas sometimes been momentarily of equal value with the precious metals. M. Chevaliier computes the annual export of silver from Mexico down to avery recent period at from ten million to twelve mil- lion doliars; and the English interests involved in the working of these mines are too considerable ever to dis- tract the attention of this country from the State of Mexico. Individuals here are also large bondholders of the Mexican government; and, though we poasibly may not care to participate in the advantage obtained by the United States, these are considerations which must always render us equally anxious for the tranqaillity of Mexico and solicitous for its independence. MEXICO THE “SICK MAN” OF THE AMERICAN CONTI- both contracting governments. United Stat! NENT. [From the London Herald, Jan. 6 Public attention has been so much a with the affairs of Italy and with speculations on tbe policy that may be adopted at the approaching Congress, that fow are of the more recent nogotiations between Mexico ‘and the United States; or, to speak more correctly, be- tween the authorities at Washington and the anthoritics at ‘Vera Croz, at which city Juarez leads the faction opposed to that beaded by Miramon. As Mexico is atill in a state of civi! war, legitimate government does not exist; the rival chiefa only hold power by baving the sword in the hand and the foot in thestirrup, and the victor of to-day may be the vanquished of to-morrow. hd oS During the war between Juarez and Miramon the Amo. rican government has leaned to the side of the former, and bag at length concluded a treaty with him. On a former oc- casion we alluded toan interview between Senor Mata, Envoy of Juarez, and General Cass, at which President Buchanan assisted. The Envoy wanted aid for his party, which was not granted, but a sort of di promise was made, that if the constitutional party tranquilised the country and evinced a disposition to adjust the claims of the American citizens in an amicable and equitable epirit, moral and material aid would be afforded by the United States. It now that a bargain bas been concluded, ‘and though at the first glance it may seem that Juarez has obtained a fair equivalent, we incline to think that in tho long ran be will have no grounds for exultation. The con tracting parties are not on terms of equality, but almost stand to each other in the relation of on and client. Juarez wanted money. The nited States wanted territorial bd and these were valvable at almost any price. 9 borrower wan needy, and accepted 00 00 ears ba coy with taining one Lol if were ap- od d creditors, In conside- power fated to liquidate the claims of American Soaren received the difference in hard cash. ration of this payment the United States have obtained the right of transit acrogs Mexico, thus secur! commercia! iventages both on the Atlantic and Pacit oceans. A ceaaion of this kind would be barren unless it carried with Ms of the line of ae ee ee S the Lonwperer jicholas. 1t is said that Juares plumes self op this arrangement, as being rival, General Miramon, who meditates an on Vera Cruz, the ne ae Juarez, Miramon persevere, the United States would that ber right of might be interrupted, and should he deny the ye to have treaty it is clear that would have to encounter army of the United States, for the bargain is one sure to be supported by the sword. Juarez , indeed, tri- umph over bis competitor, but the probability is that he will bave forged the first links in the chain which may enslave his country, or at least tend to its absorption, when the convenient season arrives for the ally to claim the prerogatives of a master. All history tills us the pature of such compacts between the weak and the strong, and how they terminate, Miramon may not seize Vera Craz and command the Tehuantepec roate, but neither will remain permansntly under tLe control cf Juarea He may be tolerated as loount Cenee, but wien tho pear is ripe arsuvedly it wili be pincked. The pevy.. Unived States fully eciate the route across the isthe mus, and now they have introduced the small end of the wedge they will not rest till they have driven it home, The Bullion Trade of England in 1859, The annexed statixtics with respect to the English im- ports and exports of bullion are compiled by Messrs, Pixley, Abell & Longley, of London. The first table shows a statement of the imports from the undermention- places into London during the six months ending Decom- Gud, Silver, otal. Belgium + £9,700 627.000 636,700 Franoe + 188,300 2,727,000 2,866,760 Hanae Tuwns, + 14,400 “305,800 "319,700 Holland ., 12,30” 120,400 182,700 Rnewia, 1,068,200 — 1,068,200 Spain and’ Portugal 34 177,008 ‘211,504 Copstantinople 41,800 _ 1,800 Alexandria 96,154 ~_ 96,164 1OTOCCO.... 2 Cape of Good Hope, bei hsb here Cape Verde and Bier. WaLeone............ 83,820 3,300 87,120 British North America, 28,800 2.700 81,500 hited Btatos, Mexico, Central’ Aine Te ca, West Indies, & Bradley a ane South American Stat 6,800 20,000 Austraha,., 700 4,982,939 New Zeaiaud t =~ 9,900 Fes tien + £12,258,958 7,280,988 19,610,948 the x months cote ing June 30, 1859,,.,38,728,924 9,900,080 23,620,004 Total imports, 1859. £25,967 880 17,180,468 43,146,346 ‘The exports {rom London to the undermentioned places, ating the tix mounts ending 8lst December, 1859, wer> 1869. Gola. Total. $12,000 39, 908,800 9,219,100 38250 ‘287,100 200,100 247,800 134,000 134,000 696,021 06,021 108,197 108,197 4,600 4,000 51,500 52,300 2,101 2,01 12,000 12,000 19,412 — 19,412 340,849 1,914,814 2,266,663 28,069 * 12,000 38,1 95,075 2,299,006 2,395,281 — 141462 141,402 14,26 2,000 46,765 - 24,640 24,610 — 1,411,648 1,411,447 — 805,590 805,600 Foo-Chow-Foo, - 3,192 3,132 Cape of Good Hop Cape Verde and Sierra Le Mevese. 5,400 00 5,900 Briveh North America 200 — 3,200 United States.......... - 500 500 Mexico, Central Ameri- Weat Indica, & 7,952 500 8,452 Bri en 140.204 7,847 204,102 South American States, 407,000 9,000 416,000 Avetralia. ... aes - — — NewZealand.......... - 400 #0 Total ..............811,283,044 7,200,078 18,632,122 Amount imported’ dur- i é ing the six months ending June 0, 1869.12,096,193 9,878,534 22,614,732 ‘Total exports 1869, .£23,869,242 17,177,612 41,040,854 The City of Parts. ‘The report of the Prefec: of the Seine for 1859 supplies: fome interesting facts and figures. We learn that sumz of 32,208,198. in addition to that which came from the loan which the city bad been authorized to raise, was de voted to the purchase of houses and buildings and the execution of works for the improvement of streets and thoroughfares; apd that that gum would have been still larger if one of 6,750,562f. bad not been taken to iucresse the reserve of the municipal treasury, which had been lessened by a sum of 10,000,000f having been appro- Priated to the Caisse des Travaux de Paris. ‘These hgures,” says the report, “prove that the Municipal Cuun- ci} of Parig, in entering, in May, 1858, into an agreement with the government to execute, ip the space of Len years, works and improvements estimated to cost 180,000,0U0f. in return fora subventicn of only 60,000,00¢f , did not nilecaiculate the resources of which the city could dispose for tbat purporo.’”” And, in addition to all this, not only, says the report, wera the sums required for the Payment of the interest, premiums, and lots of the debt duly provided, but one of §,743,415f. was set apart to- wards the payment of the debt. The report then goss on to expla UHL SAG MANS re List Seen yeurs—thet ig, eince the establishment of the empire—the ordinary receipts of the city have increased in a much greater pro- Portion tban the ordinary expenses. Thus, in 1852, the year in which the empire was establishod, and in which ihe great works in Paris were commenced, the ordinary woe wore only 52,576,631f., aud in 1859 they wero 79,227 ,925f.—increase, 26,751,204; whereas tho ordinary expenser, which in 1852 were 34,930,436f , were in 1859 49,163 15f.—an increase of only 14,228,742f. ‘That,’ fays the report, ‘is all the mystery of Lhe pretended mar- ‘vels accomplished in Paris durmg the last seven years by the municipal! administration.” “It i# lo the angmentation of the population, to the influx of prot und foreign visiters, and to the general increase of pubiic and private prosperity Uiat the report ascribes principally the aug- mentation of the municipal revenues; but it almyts that the increase of certain octrot duties, the establishment of taxes on wholesale dealings in the markets, the in- creased rent for market stalls, the imcrease of the tax on cabs and omnibuees, and ® number of other things, as also a more equitable division of charges common to the government and the ge oN have likewise contribated to that afgmentation. 16 re- port then notices various items in the revenues which are new or have increated. Among’ them are these:—Tho imposition of a tax of 2c. per cubic metre on gas con- sumed, which last year yielded a revenue of 98,000f.; the tax on doga, which, though reducing the number of dogs from 45,617 in 1866 to about 33,0v0 in 1859, yielded more in the latter year than 300,000f.; the tax on cabs and on omnibuses (these vehicles are 3,997 in number), which in 1862 only amounted to 471,141f., produced ’ in 1859 2,086,744f. Tho report announces that the municipality bas not yet been able to obtain the imposition of a tax on ali carriages, borses and vebicies employed in Paris, and remarke, a8@ singularity, that in tnis capital itis “the Weaitbiest classes which manifestthe strongest repug- nance to new taxes.”? ‘The report refers to the extension of Paris. The ex- penee of the octrol will, says the report, be in- creased from 2,925,796f. to 4,275,062. The report Notices that, in expectation of the aggrandisement of Paris, many persons residing ontside the oc- troi wail have laid in for heir ewn private ure stocks of wood, wine, &&, in order to avoid paying the octroi cuties of Paris, which are higner than those of their communes; and it expresses a doubt that they have made a good bargain, inasmuch as they have paid for those articles, and cspecially wine, more than they will be worth this year. It does net propose wo in terfere with them, but it says agreat number ‘of other pereons in cop: nce with Speculators have clandestine ly collected a8 many a8 300,000 or 400,000 casks of wine, With the intention of depriving the city of Paris of (ho octroi duty thereon, which it calculates at 15,000,000f. or 18,000,000f.; but it says that in virtue of regulations adopted by the Council of State they will be mate to pay the duties. The report concludes by proposing to set aside a reserve fund of 5,000,000f. for the expenses which the enlargement of Paris will necessitate—namely, the formation of a magnificent promenade by the union, on the demolition of the ostroi wall, of what aro now tho outer Boulevards and the Chemia de Ronde; the construc- tion of new mairies, &c.; but the report says that that sum will fall far short of what will eventually be needed. A French Colony for Nicaragaa—Greund Commercial Speculations. Paris (Jan. 3) torreapondence of the London Post.J Vinee talking 80 much about the Isthmus of Suez, the French public is now bestowing soma interest, and somo. capital, to0, upon another enterprise, romewhat jof the same nature, but ina different hemiaphere, namely, the Isthmus of Nicaragua. A Acompany, composed of eight or ten of the principal shipowners of Maracilles (Sicard & Go.), has bought tho landed property included in the grant, and are about to work mines and eetablish commerce in ebony and other woods on the spot. This society aiso “oe estay- Neh an Furopean colony at Nicaragua. sbips, the Julius Cowar and the Seine (the latter « steamer), Heft Mareeilies onthe 9th of December with 130 passe: by principally engineers, chemists and workmen of all de- scriptions. A second company is in formation at Mar- seilles for making a railway on the Isthmus of Rivas, @ tongue of land which separates tho lake of Nicaragua from the Pacific. VERY LATEST BY THE AFRICA. (BY TELEGRAPH FROM LONDON TO LIVERPOOL.) Lonpox, Jan. 7, 1860. THE ITALIAN QUBSTION. The London Post thinks it probable the Congress will never meet. The London News says:—Let France and England solemn- ly agree to forbid all foreign interference on the part of others as unconditionally ag they repudiated it on their own. Italy wants noother help; the rest she will do for herself. Such a declaration would, it is believed, be readily acquiesced in by all the principal Powers of the Continent. The Italians ask not for our treasure or our arms. They ask only for our recognition as young brethren in freedom. Can we any longer withbold it? The London Post remarks:—It would be very strange should France propose to secure by the termeof any reaty the advantage which our attitude already gives her, and which by simply continuing to respect the acts of the Italian people she is certain to retain. THE CHINA WAR. ‘The export of ammunition, guns, shot, shelle, wagons smiths’ forges, entrenching carte and tools, clothing, har. ness, hospital stores, provisions, &c., 18 proceeding with the utmost diligence, and every department throughout Woolwich areenal is engaged in preparations for the war with China. The seoond batch of the guns made in tho rifled gun factories at Woolwich was yeaterday fired ex- perimentally with perfect success. The engagement to turn out for proof twenty guos per week has been thus far fuldiied to the letter. The Khersonese, of 1,272 tons bvurtben, 8 now at Woolwich, preparing to embark marines, She is tho seventh transport taken upin the Chima service. FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. ‘The London Daily News city article saye:—“The fandg