The New York Herald Newspaper, August 23, 1859, Page 1

is oo . WHOLE N&, 8387. ARRIVAL OF THE BREMEN. Curious Developements Relative to the Peace of Villafranca. Speech of Lord Jobn Russell on the Kalian Question, The Way Nopoleon Played Off the Royal Di- Plomats Against Each Other. ALL SATISFIED FOR THE SAKE OF PEACE TUB SECOND MiNIESTO OF MAZZINI. The Monster Steamship Great Eapstera, Ree ao Rey ‘The Bremen sorew steamer Bremen, Oaptain Wersels, from Bremen and Soutyampton, arrived at this port at one o'clock yesierdey afternoon, She left Southampton at @.gdt o’ciock on the evening of the 9th inst. The points of ler news have been anticipated by the Hungarian at Quebec. ‘Toe details of the news by the Bremen, however, aro of grens mtercet. The Jounal de Frankfort says:— A Ppecia) commission will ass-mble on the 15th, by or. der oPiae Emveror of Austria, to decide on the bases of « Matute which «nds to nothing Jess Laan @ complete reor- gen)zanion of the amy, Poth in a tactical and edmiaistrat tive polot of view. (he most ominguinbed generals of toe Army, smong oLbere field mareba's Chevaiter Benedik aod Loupt de Menurcoril, the Arch“ uk albrecht, and the other prin.ee Of the imperia! femily who bave military rank, ‘will form part of the commiseion. The Piedmontese Gazette of the 3d contains various royal decrees, viz: One euppressing & provisional office in the department of Foreign Affairs; another revoking the fa powers granted to the Governor of Lombardy, and investing him witb those which formerly belonged to the - Leutenaney unger the Austrian ral ‘third, already ao bounced by telegraph, +xtendirg the of the press to Lombardy; and a fourta, authorizing the purchase by the Susie of the railway coonecting Aleseandria and Novi with Suredelia and Piacenza. he Opinione of Turin announces that about 50,000 French treops will provisiouslly remain in Italy, owing to the Precarious stale of some of the provinces. They are to be stationed at Pavia, Milan, Casal Maggiore and Piacenzs, ‘The Pacha of the fortress of Belgrade bas given cause of provocation to the Servian government by ordering, without apy right, the construction of # rampart round ‘the town, He bas likewiee ordered « pian for the aligne- meat of Belgrave to be made, which the Servians wish to prevent. The Pacha bas algo ceded to an Austrian cowpavy a plot of ground with’n the fortress for the pur- pose of orgauizing a syetem of protection against smug @ ing inio Servia. [t was feared that serious compiica- tone may arise. The population was in an excited state. & late Madrid letter says The present your and 1860 will witness in Spain a @ftas umber of loos! exbihitions, which will serve as 4 premoe ip tbe provinces «@ tne grand oue of 1862. Curtie, Cateloom aud Avasius'a bave already fixed dates ter these fetes of industry. Valencia will bays aa agri Cultural eaaibi:ioa on ine 24 of Semsember neat; Zamore, & caitle ebow on the B.D ol wué seme mouta, Vailadol J baVe wo egricuiturel and industriel exh bitioa 0a we pole of Oid Castile, ov ths Zist, Cludai covluce of which & tural exbidieon for it from che 26h to eatve sbow tor toe pro ie the centre; all che provie: ton Sins of Oowoer pexs, and vince, from 30 10 the 9h Juae, 1860. Savtite wil ae dave ap agricultural, mausieal aod aruetc exaioiLio Bea JeoT, 400 HMags wees Ibolined ty adopt the ayaem of spo ca tie-xbows The proviness of Jaivcis, Ar Yagou, and Vaicooi, ao ich IM Laurel products, Dave a0 Yor tulered We HB Currespondence. Paris, August 8, 1859. The Mwary Diplay at Vincewses—Return of the Army oS lely—Appearance of the Troups—Iv. Taroos an Zowre—thutorval Reminvcences of Vincennes—In Conference at Zurich—The Approaching Fie at Plac Vendome GQusip on he Te menation of the Late War— Remarks fF Admiral Villaumz on taking Leave of the Navy—The English Invaston—News of the Disarmament et Mareilies—Yvon's Paintings of Magenta and Soi Jerino, de The historic interest inseparably atiached to the aucient eitadel of Vincennes te just sow sensibly enhances by the fact iD&) the extensive gras plates before it is dotted all over with pioinrerque white vents, while from far aad Bear issues a coustaut busy hum of thrice ten thousand warriore—soon to be augmented to more tnan threefold that uun.ber—emp oyrd in al! tbe counties operations of motery Guty, tbe most plessaot to see wud hear, that the stranger koows if tne joyous visage of tho home turned soldier did not nasif deciare it, that the bloody Strife 18 peas, the baile fought, the victory wou. Every day sod hour troops are pouring in fresh from the fielde of Itely, where so many of their comrades bave met an hooored though un- timely grave, The roate from Paris to Vocennes is Iverally ée with voitures of every description Omu' buses, char-a bance, gigs, flye and cade, may beseen under @ barping Bun, amid columns of duet, plying their weary way towards the well known dopjon around whose gray tower hover the annals of six centuries. they are #1 full of holiday folk busieaing from the capital to greot homeward doond soidiers, As troop after troop comes marching in from ‘he station of the ch-min de fer, colors flying, avd with martial stratus, it ts interesting to Watoh the anxtety,'the avidity, with which the gathering crowds rush © meet them. 1t isthe Forty-ffin that has Jott arrived, treveiled acd way-worn; the men are la heavy marching order; the little wiry fellows seem to stoop uader the weary load each has to carry; but still there is 8 rmile of joy on those sunburnt features as each man sets foot on the tod which terminates his military service. The draprou te perforated with bails; in tattered remuaow It drops ‘70m 13 golden eagle that surmonate it. Oh, how the populace hangs upon this emblem of blood aud fire! The standard bearer,as he proudly holds it aloft, has enough to do to preserve it from the various em brscs of an adoring multitude. . The scene ie all the more lively from its somewhat im- promptu character, It js not acamp, like that of Chalons, for instance, where the aspect is altogether of a less fugi- tive nature, but m species of dattle feld, whereon the army hus come to # balt, where each division as it arrives bi- vonacs in the night, aud where the necessury ovcups tiovs Incidental to the morrow are busily pursued. Sol- Giers are either cooking, cleaning their arms, mending their clothes, their tents, or carrying from one part of the field to the other, in smull compauiea, the more bulky ro- quirements of service. Most prominent in the Gibeonites’ task—wood bewing ani water drawing or something analogous—are the Turcos, and great is the observance they create. A hihdsomer race of men cannot well bo imegined; tall, broad shouldered, erect as a dart, the Dive Zovave dress the. wear eminoutly bocomes them, God teeme to give free piay to thoir lithe and supple Umbs. Their features bave nothing in common with thoss Of tke negro; the complexion is sometimos almost a jo: Diack, though more often a Ceep copver color; but ths Drow, note and lips if some of the men aro fine as a Gre cian statue; the eyo is in goveral dark and fall of taten fire, but the countenance Generally has noinng of tha flerceness the history of their Gendish devde would pre. pare the visiter to expect. Their impatien:e to enter- Parig—the capital of wbich they had hoard such marvel" lous steries—is 60 irrepressible that they have besn. per mitted to penetrate the suburbs from time to time, We tact three of them returning from one of these tours of ia fpection. At fret we euppoded, from the slight halt in their gait, that the rough causeway of the streets had been two much for the feet of these children of the desert; but, on & sloger observance, we were induced to suepect that the unstavle ttep had more to do with the boad than the feet, avo that the hospitality of the inhabitants nad somo. ‘what impaired the capacity of these Eastern braves for appreciating the beauties of the town. But they wore right merry and joyous. Falstaff, full of sack, coud not have borne bis bonors more gaily; and they returned the smiling salutations and jokes of the townspeople as though Our Pa: NEW YORK HERALD. aa MORNING EDITION—TUESDAY, AUGUST 23, 1859. accrsstomed to worship the rosy god ‘im 2 spirit worthy of ba attributes, While wandering slong wild just enill. cient of that modest assurance as intimated a pleasing »'~ vation, one of the Zouaves— whose dress is almost & coun. terpart of their own, except that the large trowser is rod end the biue jacket is peaked out with orange, while the Turco rejoices wholly in simple dark blue, with white turban and gaiters—suddenly encountered them. The meeting was delightful, and from its warmth and expres five action set every one laughing, Each Turco seized the TZouave, one after the other, and wound his lithe arms around him like the coils of @ bos constricwor, Tne yo0a Domored Zounve eeemed fairly in danger of beng sails cated; but it wesevident tbat tne most undouoied iri ternity prevailed, and that the brave of the diaert tailed in the former in de Paris, now transformed iot» tae picturesque Zovave, the link which ehouid more apacisity connect Dim with the new phase of civilization 0a whic) he bas pow first entered. Notbing can exceed the pleasant, accessible manuer uf the French soldier, The very personifloation of mititery onedierce, be is pot such & purist ua vo deoy DiMesdif oo Sif aemissivie Occasions Lhe privileges and courtesies o! citizepabip, The mquirer ig Bure of & oivil answer, wa”, if pormdie, of all the explanations be cesires abere cuisine, for exatopie, every detail, bowever mivuts, in at your service; bob a bint does be give of waning to Orip¥ your health,” but wben you depart be raises ois cap ond smiles bis ferewei! as if bis greatest peasure would be t meet you again. Inqiire of nia gorvice, fe about Magenta, Bontedelio, Curbigo, or Bolferino, every thing he kuo#s—and too much be does not prevead wo know, frankly confersing that in a battle he kyows o0- thing but what ie iramediately in bis own ne'gobor- Looo—he tells with simpiicity, which is effvctive from ite méuifest trath. Of the Ewperor we heard the warmest encomiums; bis exposure of his person. bie hatr-breadtn escapes, if pot ‘22 the imminent deadiy breach,” yetfrom gome terrible round sot, woich seem- ed porpoeely directed towarcs bim, were spoken of in terug of admiration & community of danger betwixt the bighess and the jowest is sure toclisit, It was currently reporter that mouchards—tbat is, spies—were acatyered all over the field to take mote of the conduct and coaverea ion of apy parties they migbt deem worthy of their at- ention. It seems diilicult to believe it, bat I was ussured from 80 Meny different svurces tOat pach wus the cage, 4Dd £0 Mapy persons were pointed out to me as well knowD empioyes of the police, aod whose deporiment hed certainly something about it suspicious, that 1 am coo strained to bevieve what | beard, Many of these esves- Oroppers ure babiced 1 very ordinary oosiume, wad carry with them some implement of trade, such as 3 wine mer cbanw’s basket, » butsber’s trough, a pack , &c.—any thiag, ip tact, which may ferve a8 aD cxouse for accidentally resting thempelves in the ne ghborbood of parvies they are inclined to obecive Everythiog they do bear, aad doubtic @ great deal more too, is diligeaty carried of to tbe police sgents, aud by them reported to their chief Is this cope to Ext Wé Boidiors veing tampered (rit, Or 10 ¢21o*! ip ar arena such as thie theopin iops of eltizene concer: ing the mute ingtorious peace which #0 much expenditure of b Ood and treasure bas oaly accom- plishec ? It this iast is the onject, the old adage of listeners hearing little good of themseives is likely to apply, for Certawiy, meet whom you qill, in city or camp, 10 the diplomatic boudoir, or on the broad highway, but ope sentiment meets the ear—that of unmitigated disgust at the personal fear, or cail it dynastic fear, which has caus 0 the monarch of France tbus, in the midst of victory, 10 failof bis word in a mighty enterprise which he had voluntarily undertaken I spoke of the bistoric interest of Vincennes, and as the eye wancers over that vest piain, dristting with arms, white with the tents of the chivalry of France of the nt te pth ceptory, ove’s mind naturally reverta w former ages, when, in times almost coeval with the Normen Conquest, the ancestors of these men lay woere they now ie, and afer the fashion of tue day did such service for the reigning monarch. 4s early asthe beginning of the twelfth century, Louis, commonly called é Jeane, built @ residence bere, aoa a century later St. Louis, uncer a certain oak jo the foreat, sat aud administered justice Philp de Valoia in 1833 laid the foundation of the existing castle, and endow. ed it with all the means of defence knowa in the s:tdie Ages. Ite walls ure seventeen feet thick; its winding s:aira ucmit but of one person—it would be impossidie for two fo mount at once Gere it wae that Herry V. of Eogiaad, prociaimed King of france, ved and diet, “Tue uaiu wy Harry Vi, when crowned King of France, lived a enort tme here In Lou's XL’s time, 80 celebrated in Water Scots Quentin Durward, toe castle @ State prison, and the heart sickens at the tortures toflicted on the unfortunate beinge ip tbe vaults beiow. Tnere may sull be eeen the salle de la Questin, and the hote cut in ine etone wall, just large enough to Fecoive the form of a man, which was the bed of the victim; the strong dolis in tbe wall, with heavy chains, are yet visible, woicn se cured bim to the Fpot, and kept his limbs’ motionless dering the spplicstion of the Quesiin. It was Wp Wis prison ‘bat the eldest son of the Pretender, Prince Ee ward, was copieed in 1748 Here Prince Poilgaac and the otber ministers of Cbaries X. were confined; and in Gays +1))) more recent, bere it Wat the sosargecte o° ¥ were imprisoned. The chapel of the chateau or cas Ue contains a monument to the bapless Duke d’Gogbiem oy orcer of Napoleou [. was sot at dead of night Warch 25, 1804. The Prince was kd down to ths ditcn at (be sontheaet angie of the forwees, where be foned his ad Cug. A lantern was attached to bis breast, apd Sevary, Duke de Rovigo, gave the word whica con: sumered tbe foulest plot to the otherwise untauted career of the firet Booaparte. The pleptporentiaries cbarged to convert into a deInite treaty the prehmivaries of Vilisfranca usnembled yevrer- dsy at Zurieb. For Fraace iti¢ Baron ce Bunrqueney #no acts, together with the Marqa’s de Bonveviile. For Aus. tria, the Count de Cotloreda and Baron de Meyeenburg. For Sardinia, the Obevaler Derambrots, There was # Cabivet councti yesterday at St. Cload, at which both the Emperor and Emyress assisted, Kvery preparetion is being inade to give dignity tothe spprosch ng, fete ot the Emperor, Io tae Piace Vendome tour trivmppal arches are in procees of erection. Simtar aviestetions of weleoms will be piaced slong the route of the troope At theextremity of we Bowevard Baaamar- cbais, 1D front of the Bustle, a gigantic contruction is building. After the féte their Mejesties proceed at once to Biarritz. The funds are all getting up. The three per cente are now st 70.25. Everything is done to produce a calm in men’s m'nde after the recent excitement; but tne mystertoug Jermipsvion of the war i still the theme of discus- siov, The various farewells to the army and navy by their euperiors arply critivizea and exami: in the bope of oiecovering ® clue, Rear Admiral Bovet Viliaumez, in taking leave of the avy, says, in allusion w the fivet before Venice:—“Tae goidity of your vesse's, the power of your artillery, your light araft of weter, eesigned you the firet piace ta an at. tack io whicb all tbat wes boid, but well prepared, hid met with the admiration of our Admiral-in-Chief. A truce turprieed you with the ligbted watch in your hand on the very day following the arrival from Algeria, under the orders of the brave General de Wimpfen, of the corps with which your cannon were to clear a passage tp tho enemy’s territory, But, a8 august live hevo mace known to un, that match of comoat oad is due weight in the Dbelance of peace. If, theu, we feel regret, let it be without Ditterncrs, for what was porsinie we bad done, in order in a few days to make oureelves equal to our glorious tusk of achieving a succees of which nestner sailors nor solaiers douvtes, and instead of taking a sad farewell, bt us hope to meet apain on another field of batile “In France cccastons of tliustrating the flag ‘are always found.” ‘Whether {t is iat the constant remarks of the Exglish prees respecting invasion are at Jast beginning fairly to put the 10ea into men’s heads, or that they have loog be- heved in the fact, certain it is that these words of the French aomirai meet with an interpretation the reverse of friendly to Engiaud. ¢ Austriap Minister of the Interior has sent a tele- graphic aeepatch to Vienna, notifying tnat from the ena of the present mon b Venice will not be cailed on to pay the incnthly coniribntion of 1,200,000 floring as tts quota of the expense of mouidizing the First and Second corps Darnee, Tne news of the disarmament bar had @ good effect xt Mareeiies. Advices siste that the docks are cro vdui with sipping, that merchandise of all kinds is comiog in. wbundantly, and that lurge arrivals of coro dyrioy the last week bad caused a slight dectine in the wheat wa ket, W. Yvon, the painter, who accompanied the Frenca army to Italy, in order to sketch ou the spot the princi pal events of the campaign, bas aa audience of ths Emperor for the purpose of preenting two large sketeacs of toe battles of Magenta ana Soiferino, Napoleos ox- «mined them with great attention, and approved them heae sketches, avd a representation of the interview b». tween the two kmperors at Villafranca, will be eserut.d of the same eize es the paintings relaticg to the Crimean War at Versailles, and placed in the same room. on Emperor and Empresa are now at tae enmmp at alone, Our Chinete Correspondence, Amoy, June 1, 1869, Movements of Judge Ward—Proposed Visit of the Brith Minister to the Imperial Capital--Kffect of the Late Treaty on the Opium Trade—Amertcan Marine in Chi nese Waters—Affray on Shipboard—The Lost of the Ship Highflyer to ve Inquived inom Rumored Death of the Emperor, de. The “tide diplomatis’’ is beginning to rise and to sweep on in the direction of the Gulf of Pochill, toward tho imperial city of Pekin, Judge Ward, the American representative, lett Hong Kong ten or twelve dayge:nce in the steam frigate Powhatan, bving chartered ag a tender tho Toeywan, a amall merchant eeamer of some 165 tons durihen, belonging to Mérrrs. Dent & Go., a large British wercantiie firm, It is enld that Unole Sam in io pay $9,000 per monih for the use of this steamtug sume tive o¢ six montbs—more by fer thon the steamer was 4ver worth; but aa our representatives are not oliowed to Purchare outright, they are obliged to charter at such ‘normous prices; this ts red tape evonomy ff our g ernment would build two or three good gunboaie, aud rend them out to crvize on the coast of Chiva, it would be of some service to our diplomatic and commercial inter- este and @ measure of true economy. It {s reported »mong the Chinese, and very goneraliy believed, that ine Amperor Will refuse to ratify and resist that clause of the Lew treaty aliowing foreign represuutatives to reside at Pekin. The British, in anticipation of this, aave boca sending forward @ large fleet of ganboats, large war steamers, Xc., and the new Admiral, Hope, touched at PRICE TWO CENTS. Amoy on Sunday on his wey north, and Mr. Bruca, t29 Bew British Mipwter, i@ 8000 to proceed ap the Pei ho backed by ali the svuilabie naval force in Caina—froa twenty to thirty effective veas Alongside of ths imposing force our Ameriwan equadron, oconsitiog of two or tbree vessels, will make, as usual, yather a sorry display. It is pomsidle that our repre feutative may get to Pekin wish this meager support; bul W be doen it may be regarded as little short of @ miracio ¥, ag ia geveraliy believed, the Emperor intends to ooo. test the right to go to the imperial cy. Is ie aad ano that the Emperor intends to reject the clause in the Bi- eb tariff treaty allowig the importation of opiam at a Oxed duty of thirty taecia per chest. Tbis opium trade in vems debideraium with the Englied; tt oversnet en 'y ober teres, The rmoort at this ove po. + to umount to $4,000,000 per anpuw, and at aii 0 ports 1b China at pot tar from $50,000,000 All shia Daw formeriy Deep Drought iio China iree of dury, aad o Coptrs bane artioie ab thst, @biie Americans have had w bay for their teas, otiks, &3., 10 Dard aver dovars Tvere are Low bot three Atuericao vessels ta tbin part, the leooium, the Coutert aot tue Wiimm Soragus tos laver came in a [ow weeks siLce, from Sam, io w dam ‘axed condition, Daving eurcck oo Foefs. aud atnce ad wo ‘brow part of ber cargo of rice aversorrd, She Nas since been repaved at the new Amoy dock, and is now #avog orders The Contest 18 excected wo oad with teas for New York. Tbe lcoptum Draught «cargo of Oregou spire from Puget’s Sound, for the Amoyv Dock Oomp. aD Af} ay cecurred on board Lois versel a week OF two wince, tp whiob ene of the seamen, William Murpny, of Provt: dence, R. 1, was kitiea, Three of the crew were ar reeted and brought before the Cousolar Court, examine?, tried, convicted, and sept to prsoo within jess than ‘buty ex hours from the time complaint was dret mace to the Covevl. One of the priscaers, Ante pio Bees, # Sponird, wes copvowd of man. Blavehter in tbe second degree, aud sentenced to three imprisonment at bura labor, The otuer two were tor guilty of dworcer:y, mutisous conduct, toed aod sept to prisoo for tb rty oaye Our Corsai for Awoy, T. A Hyatt, goes to Formosa to day, to visit Taiwan, the new port opened totrade by oar bew treaty, having brep courteoun'y tendered « passage by tbe captain of a Briven mao of war, Mr H gos io mebe toquiries into the toes of the American clioper svip Bigbflyer, wbich was iost some three yerrs since on ber way irom Califorpia to China, and is euyposed to nage beep loss on the coast of Formosa The Covey: has pro med to furnish me with some tnformation aout thet beautiful snd mysterious isie, if bis bealth, which fs ip retber a precarious stare at present, should allow hia to apy explorations toto the istand. Tserd vou the Istest ebipping list for this port, by hoc ne you may form some ites of she commerce of this Place tt ts reported that the Emperor, Han-Fung, is dead; bat this may De false rumor. bo k THE ITALIAN QUESTION. The Way the Peace of Villafranca was Brought About—8peech of Lord John Russell—The Points Between the Two Emperors— Mazzini and the Coup @Etat—The Duchies, &., THE VILLAFRANCA PRELIMINARIES, [From « Frankfort on toe Maino letter } The mystery of Vil'atrauca s:ili engages public attention find the parties to it seem determined to Daulk the nopex Of ap expanation. It may, theretore, vot be amise b» place With some cetail the progress of events before your resoers. Ov my accuracy they may rely. On the 4th of July the proposal of @ basis of mediation, pow kaown a the neven poimts, was communicated to Lord Joba Ruswai by Count Yersigny. Lord Joba refused to reoommend ine projror, Dut agreed to communicate it to Austria, simoly spd witbout comment. On tbe 6th be therefore iaid it before Covn) appony), oy whom it was mace kaowa ta Viens on the Gib Oo the 7h the french Minister in Berhn appliea to Baron von Schieinitz to propose ap ay mistice, et ibe same time proposing terms om which madi ation m gbt be entered on. terms contsined four peters (not seven), end were identical with thore sfisr- ‘wards ureed to by the Emperor of austria, with toe ox- ception tbat Venetia was to de erected Mito an fadapeodnut duchy for the Archduke Mexiniiian. @aron von Sonteic Mz at once ro Used to enteriaio the projact of @ media too on this basis, apd took time to consider the propricty of propose ap armistce Be! ween ths 72h aud 8:0 cos ar Mistive was agreed to by the pripcipas without inter. vention, nc op the 8tb the pews was coumunicate’ to Barep von Sobtewitz by the French Miuister iv Bertin It took him 0: couree by surprise, and pe tosteucted tha Prussian Obarge d’affaires i Parts to exor-se to Oount Wolew>ki Din astonstment at the auewer of Prassis 00 the Evnjectof ibe armistice not having been waitedror At the rame time he jnetrvcted bia to state, eDat after boioing & covpor!, it bad been decided not to propose the armistice me It GO pot then seem opportune Both propositions ‘were thu orig@ally French, At Vitisfrance «oe Kmorror Napoleon showed Francie Jowwph the project 1 Powis, giving lim tO understand tust the neu Pr pot e from adopting it. Then be at ovce brought ferwurd tbe four points proposed, and rejected on the 7tn atBrin Torey wore:— 1. Ceesion of Lombardy. 2 Erection of Vevetia into a Duchy. 8. Confederation of Itejav Save 4. Restoration of the ban axed doses and an amnesty, Up ‘be gecond point the Emer: Napoleon yielded to tbe reseonmg of tha Emperor of austela, thas ne cond Lot be exprcied to rerigo what De willl heia preess-ion or, To's tsa somewhat lengthy starement, but you may de. pend upon tis being in every pointe correct. HOW THE PEACE OF VILLAFRANCA WAS SIGNED. TO THE EDITOR OF THE LONDON HERALD, I beg to epcioee the following extract trom a letter [ bave just receryea from Paris from @ very reliable quar. ter: Everybody in Frence is looking forward to war with Evgiano sfier come short respite wud breatoing time, aad Mi eay that It will be the onty war really popuir A very detailed account of ibe mancnvre by whicn the Emmperor of austria wae induced to cuusent to the basty peace bas reschea me, aud I bave every reasca Ww believe Ubet it 18 authentic, aod it throws considerable ght upoa Lord Peimersion’s admissions in Parhament tax Frenott Emperor produced some unfavorable coacitions ss baviag Deen agreed upon by Prussia and Exgland, there. fore, the better ones be proposed were evideo.ly to be sovepted without besitation, Prussia, it seems, never knew @ word about those conditions, but tney wero proposed suddenly by Count Persigny to Lord Palmerston to be backed by England immesialy. Lord Paimerswoa contented, but asked, 98 @ waiter of form, Jor time to get the Qoven’s consent Her Maj-sty was at Osborne, and, of course, some time was requeite for her aaswer to arrive; when it did, she most properly refused ber con. sept cplets ip council, and said that a Cabmet Conacit should be calied immediately. This Louis Napoleon would not waitfor. Couut Persigny baa tustantly telegravded Lord Paimerston’s consent, eo that, it being Delf true that tbe Engish government accepted the unfavorable conditions proposed by Count Persigny, the Emperor Ne polcon pul them forward ag if she Deutrai Powers were dete; miped to enforce them; and thus was tue pesce of Villafrance signed Iaball make no comment on the above, but leave it to the judgment of your readers, VIGILANs. SPEECH OF LORD JOHN RUSSELL ON ITALY AND THE PEACE NEGOTIATIONS. In the House of Commons on the 8th mat. Lord Jou ‘RUSSELL 8aid:— Sir—I cannot concelye a motion worse calculated to serve the purpore it bas in view than tat before the House. What my noble friend (Lord Elcho) endeavors to sflirm fa, that, the Crown should be invited to anstaia trom doing a thing which it has never been asked to d> apd which jt baer pot the smsliess inzentioa My voblo friend gaye, “Don’t take any pars in a coogress for xetiling the details of a peace the prelimi- nares ol which were arranged by the two Emperors at Villafranca.”? That bas never beep proposed by her Mojes:y’s goverument, and never will be proposed by them; and therefore it #ll be a mockery to address the Crown pot to do that which the Miuisters of the Crown have never had the pmaliest intention to do. (tH bear.) I really conceive, therefore, taat it w be diffioait to persuade this ‘House to aifiem such a motos, I am prrenaiy mach obliged to my noble friend for having portponet to thiv Osy ibe conusiderstion of inis subject, aut I mast Gamit thai, before the Gouen separates, tose woo take w diferent view from ber Mairaty’s government of this question should shave an opportunity of expressing their opinions, exd endeavoring to explain that their rulo of conduct should be the prevatling one. What eey cy pobre friend and 106 honorable gentieman the iate Vader Secretary of State for Foreign Aflairs with ropard to thie great subject ot Waly? The noole iord says Sardiyia 13 entirely to Diame, and that 'f such principles ag tadaced the King of Sardinia end bis ally to enter on this war wero {© prevail there would be an end of civilization altogether. The honorable member for Horrham (Mr &. Fitzgerald) said the war in Italy was wholly owing to the promprings of Sartmis, Ithonght I had read in the Biue book that Avetria was told, in repoxted despatchus, toa’ if she went to war at the time sho did gue would baye no moral sym- palby or support from this country. [ am not one of those who have ever subscribed to the langarge used by the Inte Prime Minister whon he ead that Austria was criminal in goig (o war. J think that was important step on tbe part of Austria; butto salt ber conduct criminal, at a time when she vevevell her territory was tu Jeopardy, i too Btrorg a cen, toue in which Loan never join. As the tame time T cannot hear sil this Diane of the conduct of Sardinia without recalling to the recollection of the Rouge whut hes been the stato of ailuirs. For many yours Sarcinia Das ejoyed a free governaweut—(near, hear) — and thst erjoyinent ofa free yoverument has vendered her she object of admiration w every State in Talv, go nach rOUWAY whenever @ proicesor wag baniabad trom hyp chair for imparting Knowledge in too Libera a spirit be went at once to Turiv—(ainugh)—and when a great pro Prietor oxpresee? Opinions favorabie to reproseutative ipstitotions be flee to Sardinia tp order to avod tho judgment which awaited him in hic own State At lengsh Sardinia becamo tao rofuge of many of the bert spd sbleet man ip Italy, eome of them dia. tinguished for birth and fortune, and others for genios in wrt apd litereture, Under #nch ciroumatances it Was pot only excarable, but natural, that the Kiog of Sar- diria apd the Minister of Sarainiag thus encouraged ead thus appealed to. should feel that the emancipation of Itwy rested with thom, and resolve, whensyer the 5 me come, to draw their swords ip defence of ber "wr Wes. atthe came time, when I look to history I 4 Were wae Once & prince who, trom = Sisie pot bis O«o recerved men of ai! coodhious aud all professions— +" furviebed tome with arms and overs by tokeus of b's favor—and woo even seat @ special eavov to couety, demiring hi@ to communicate with the Gr ffeoted, abd to boia out to them Dopes of aa invasion fhe dfererce bermeen the King of Sarainia aad thet Privoe Wes tbat athough the latter commived all he offepees for + bich the Kng of Sardinia. bas pad cast up% bim 20 Much oom, we ceiedbrave nim as & grees do iiverer, eed I bave po couct that the beporao.e wad iearned geptieman wno bus just apoxen bee often drank w bie glonour spd ymmort: memory, (Laugbwer.) Wn Tegard 10 the bovie ,jord’s mouun, It appears to mo et it ie withio the provisce of tue House of Com- Hes 10 adv Sethe Crown oo toe exercise of ts preroga- H®, abo Bat it 18 competent to the Gonwe to re ® sup the prereealive of ve Crown tf it so thinks it, wut whut is proposed by the nobie lord woud be a curious Que UpeRe CXerciKe Of the power of the House o Com mone, for he wopores to put vo restraint on the power of the Crowp with respect to any qnestions thes may arise botween France ana Austris, He proposes uo restriction Op tbe conduct of the government with regard to the 10 FeigD relavons of tbs Couatry, except by saying sat if it Ww EVEF PrOponed that we BDOvId enter ID & oe on whatever terms there would be serivus objxctions to #ucb @ couree. It the moron pas soy meaning or gene st ai) thal would be tbe umount of is (war, bear) The rigdt Doporebie gepiicman the memver for Siroad says we WBeby are evid Diy aoxioun to ener ou the con ferevor—ibat they ure 80 eeger W do to tbat tbes seem un WHnDg wo #ait—apa be 9 as @ proof of Unie that tne Foreyo Beer had stated numerous onjection+ obetacies that siood im the way of entering tno ® confereove Was ever so curious ® proof given us thin? (Heer) 1 stated those onstasies and objeonions becevee 1 doubted whether thia country shoud enter into ene & Conte:rpon At present the terai® on woICD euch 9 copferen.e is 10 meet Dave not been egread on OY the onft'rept Powers Noove can say at this moment whet nviteion msy come to us from Ausiria I tiave tlready stated that we have an invitation from Frsace end [ rpoerstane that the yovernment of Austria dues Do ter pore itB BOFOIULe Vow Lo HUOD a Meeting of CODfareDl® It Franes avd Ans'ria come to an uoderstandiog on every port »Mecting the revations of aly—if they attempt petue he wore question of Lwly—thouga I capoot we! AmapDe DOw that im to be doce—T bold tbat it ould be Bnworhy of this country aod ite oigeity und honor to co iwlo » copfcrenee merely to ada ites goatvre to terms thus egreco to. (Hear peor) But I can suppose a very dif. ferent mate oF affslia Phe pretimtnares of Villafranca de mee preevd to see ab olutely the state of Taty Whar sbey propove vs, the move in whica « onafederstion of the ea Of Italy migbt be estabi'sbed. [ft may tate Ssrowia will require certain conditions, and cha: the Pope asiso will require cercain conditions, before oy, enter into auch & coofederation, aod Ibave hot heard that the King of the two Siciics bee #ivep ap opinion favora rie or unfavorable to a meting of conference; but 1 can imesipe the stave of Icaly to De fuck that ‘he best men of that couatry might esy, We are between two dangers—one of tose deogers te f> reign intervention with the view of preserving order ip so county; the other canger is that of 1mmediste aod rapgvuipary revoiutop, (Hear, bear.) Now, there ts Of preventing there evis, avd that is 0 crosider 8 OD which # conference of che Powers of Europe ight De formed, Bo that through its influeave foreiga in serveBtion might be s:opped Oa she one sod, and revoiu- tion on the other” [f, then, thet ta Gt woing for Its 18on *0 observe, sm I to sey that I sce now the evils wowh they dread may be prevented, 20d the good which they dewire way be done, put I have ® vow to besven agama joiming apy conference, and therefore I must not thing of ‘sued I ak, theo, te it nou wiere of the Orewa, sub- Jeot to thet respovaibility whicn I do vot benteve in 4 mere sbadow? Let the Bouse,’ then, leave the question, se to ® conference, to the covsideration Of the Ministers of the Urowp, aod when the time comes tbat they wil) know ali the circumstances of the cure, and the propositions tbat have been breugnt for #er0, toey wil! be able to say yee or now those propo- woo, accoroing ag they have heen wise or uowite— ‘uccoroing a8 they shell turn out saccess‘ul oF aneuccess ‘Ul, aDd they will be able to give their judgment upoa we conduct of the Mipmtry at rome future meeting of the Hours 1 wieh 40 errogate 00 undve yower or assumption of authority op bebaif of tbe government, bu! tha; appsarn {o me to be the plain common sevse mode of promeaoy (Bear, beer.) Deporable member for Aoranam bas Warbed me against Certain Vices avd sins whicn be ap pears (o'tniok | em Hiadie to fell into, aud, profiting by bis Own experience (I may fay it witaons pernonal disrepect to Lim), be bus, after the MBGver of an Old sinDer, waroed ne egeinst acta of vice woich I may o apt wo commit A's gb) He says, “Beware of a gusrantes Yoimog ‘80 Gangerons (0 bis Country, vothing is FO Open to nb Jection a8 8 guarantee” Now, I pad some reciliaction of what Dad been cone by the late government in tals respect; but I consuited the Blue boos to refrean my MewOrY, aNd there I foucd that Lord Maimesnury, with the consent of bs colleagues, wae remy 10 give @ gberaDes to Sardime—(a jaugd)—o areptee for the in tegrity Of Sarainia for « period of e years. (Hoar) Now it sppeare co me teat fue w yvarauies is ths most | Gengeroue tbat aLy minvler could offer to enotver coun. jewr, hear) In the ose of Sardioin there would bave Deep £0 end to the protection whica you would bave mwontbly and daily to extend wo it, and Avetria would bave ead, “1 am unadie t> bear up seaivst this protection; my Subje:te are exci'ed to rebellion agaiost we by the cooduct of Bardinia, and T must marcy an army dpie that couptry to put an eno to” Paen, taonga you WY bt admit Sordinia 'o pe in the wrong you would be Sound, ou the ground of your guarantee, io seod your fleete and armies to protec ber. (Hear, bear) [t was a Covewgue of tbe bonmable memner for Horsham by Whom UbiF guaradtee was proposed, and how the hovor- ‘DUE AD C&D COMe aod preach to Me sbuut a gue raptee and the dargers iw which I may fal, aod give to wm fo explkiu, The boporaole aud learned geotiainan who ben jost spoken spoke of ths reforms in the Koman State, Now, ia the desvatsh which I reat to Prose, [stated tht parties—{ ought, pernaos, W& Dave excepted tre booorabe member tor Duniaik— At one OD tbis subject, aod, if reforma were wo take piace 1b laiy, @ reform to (be KOmaG States was partion tariy called for. (Hear, hear) Did Tay ans tong yas the soverelgps of Europe would fud ‘auit with? Tos Ein peror of the Freneb eaid virtuully tne same ting Woao Le propored 10 sevularize the Roman Siatea aad intrody ye the Cove Napoleon, be did not approve toe eof try wg ® Man withOUt Confronting vias with the wWiinease™ against bin, oF of using torture to extort a conferrivn, aa‘ accordingly ne recomm=nied to ine Pope the Introsaction Of the (ove Napoleon Toe Emperor of Austria bas ano required the introduction of reforms inw tbe Xoman States; apd where, then. is the barm of my saving, tosé if the eta'e of Italy Js to De tw proved a refora io the vorsrn wert of the Papal States 's espeoinily required? fae bouo- rable gevtleman who spoke last anid that when I evoke of the Iteitsue being free citizens, it mues msea aa & courequence the establishment of @ repuniic Tre words I employed were ured by the &m peror of the Frenco ip bis proviamation ab Mian, tnd Purely be is not s0 vioent ip his political views Qe to promu/gate sepudlicanism In tue States of [vaty. (Beas ie But what bave been the facts of tie case? We bat occurred in 1849, but during 868 to 1454 hava aos Buown themeelves guilty of aay uaworthy ox « So far from that their conduct bas atiracted ins sdmirasiou of ail Eorope—(bear, near)—beoaure, ihouga they wished to reform their governmente, and toongh at wome places they even proclaimed the Cade Napolon, ALytbipg mere t moe ate, apytuing less like violent repay \caviem, LO country bas ever shown (Hear.) the onurable gedteman wiehes Lo know something with re- gard to the Duckies. Ail I cau gay oo that sunject is to repeat what I former'y eaid, that thee san ambgwus and somewhat obscure article regor ding tt in the pretmwnarics of pracee Perhaps it may be expained by what takes pace in the conference at Zurich. But we have reas to believ2 that neither ine Emperor of the Fench nor tee Emp-ror of Austria means lo we force in order to obtain the restrratt in of the Grand Duke «f Tuscony. Voe &roporor of the Frenen bas more than once ivhwared ine view of the cats, nad trom a despatch I bave received to.day it appears tha: the Austrian Minister for Forciga AtTaré ceclares bis better that wich some pationce toe people of Modena aaa fusca. Dy Will be giad Of ther own accord .o receive thar former roverciens. Well, if they do 80, ber Majesty's government ean Pave no chjections, bul I must say, on the ocher hind, that Yf a change of yurpore were to take place, and the sove reigns wee Ww vitmpt use force, it would be the smerce of unfortunate troubles in Italy, i! would b- the commence. ment of a new sirnggle, and we ane cmd sry whit wombs bo the evils, the cutragrs, that might be cummthd in such cir cusnstontes ped & COUTKE theFgoverument would mort decifesly objeot; but it would not ne nvcedary 10 exter Into a confereuee jor that purpose, Decauxe odjections cond be stares in formal communications to thy gororn mep‘s concerned It ts not necessary that we should have a copscrence for tbat purpose, and the Bouse knows that 0 far from bclog @ friend to a conference, I sse more objections against it than for it, Bat wa are nor to Dar Ourelver Bgainst the use of apy means by #hicn the peace of It y be preserved, (Heer, hear) The honorable member for Horsham has ssked ma some fifeen or twenty questions as to whet pasred between me and the Frencd Ambaseador bofore tae coaclusion of peace With regare to all theae questions an aaewer wil best be conveyed by stating what happened The French Ambassador had frequ otly spokea to me of terme 0 peace which be thought, after conaiderable period of war, it fortune shouid favor the arms of Fraace, might be pro poeed. I listened to thoee statements, and I said it was not 'ikely that either the Emperor of the French or the Emperer of Austria would be prepared to make poace at that nme, and that therefore any consideration of se terms of peace thovld be prstpunea. But he brought to me one day a written pice «f paper containing certain ar tacles, and said it was the wish of his government that those a: ticles or terms should be submitted, under the sanction of the British g-vernment, to the Emperor of Aw'tria; and he said he felt assured, though he cmd not give me official as- surance of it, that those wre terms proposed by the Emperer of the French. Bowevee, he said coough to show Such imurudent and rash aovice, j'am unanie | trian Minister sald !t would be his duty to send the terms to Die government, but wished to know my Wea with re- #04 tos. 1 auid, The British governmeat transmit taem. tw you & be sent to the Emperor of Dut as to Off ripg apy advice, wo diatinctly declare we offer BO 8 ¥.ce OF Opinion regarding ibem. Ausiria may ac. Cops hom or reject them as it may deem beat.” Ho sale urwards lo m believe my gor oumene Will accept these tertne; Dut supposing they wee accept ed, «no I sot aD apawer saying tbat Austria wax reasy to treat on those terms, what then?” I said it that bappen- €0—if we once kuew that Austria wus ready w trent on those terms, then we would offer Gurse!ves ag mudiaore, or in any other cbwracter austria might prefer, aud 1 sad, “I you would prefer tbat I should speak to the Min'sters of Prussia and Ruseta, apd inform tuen of tan forms, sud that there would dé no diffloulty in proposing them a8 & bats of peace, Iam ready Wdoso” (Hear, Dear) Ttbivk it wer our duty pot to couceai from Aus- tris that peace migbt be ob\ained on the terme propoed, (Hear.) It we bad refused to communicate those terms, avd if Verona and Pesamiera apd Venice bud fatian, aud Austria bao been obbged to make woree terms than hore which we bad been seked to tranem t, we would bave ex pored ovrteives, I think, to av unadversion. (Arar, bear.) The was on Weoneeday, On the Sunday 1 receivea pote from Count Apponsi, seyteg that his went considered these propoeivous quite ipadmiesinia, I do pot find fault with the Doxorable geoteman for making # coofosion io the story, because be probably bas Leard it very inaccurately eb@ bes only repeated it ea be Deera it; but as the: time, op bet very day,@ furtter proposai was made to my noble friend op a smalier cumber of articios, | think four, wb cb the French government requested us w commusicare Austria, and t communicate with a view WO recom mend them. My pobie friend apd I considered that ques- oD, abd we resvived to ask our Colleagues #bat was their opinion of tbat propetition On the seme cvening, oow- ever, [received from Count Apponyi the note to whica I bave relerred, and secording!y tbe vext day there could De BO Couds oF Aifficulsy in toe Cavines, because we were all wgreed Dot to propote Wo Ausiria terms oo Which abe #as Dot willing to treat Coese terms did not diff-r in eubelance, though they might in degree, from those *bi Db we bad geen Defore, aad #e could oot recommend so Avstria terms Upon which sbe baa aiready declared toutebe Would Dotiveas, That was Our conducy Wwarde \be Avsivien gOvervment. I] think, w th's statement, the boborable gentleman will fod an ‘apswer to ail hie ques vous, It i a very vlain woOry, ano It is ae upoa wach the goverpment 18 prepared W stand Well, sir, there ‘8 Much cifliouity sending communicstions oy tele- kyepb, abd it ie likewwe very cifliculs for beiligerent Powers to kuow wbat in gowg on in the couuc.is of beulrals, but i certainly dia go bappen (hat whtle on the one mde the Emperor of Austria said thus the meutral Powers were cunsidering terme of mediatwn which wud prodobly have beem more unfavorable to hem than tase WAICh he Kasned Crtagy Eben the Emperor of the Fiencn, at the same tome err of the French said that the German Powers were so hostile w him that if he had wt mude peace he would in @ short time huve tad ta make war ‘upon the Rhine, These statements were rather staemenw of apprebensiop than of fact, It mignt never Dave Dav- pened thas the neutral Powers wowa pose any terms Of meovation atall, They bad never agreed upon acy desis of mediation, they bad never + veo Dad avy serious Oiscuesion of the terms of mediation. Prugaia had mace & proposal, to which the honorable geutiemaa a: uded, apd for bot commoanicating which he flads fauit witn me. Tbe fct was that the Pruesian Minister took away bis despatcb, and pertisularly desired that i migpt be considered @ contidential deepatcn, and one of which be did pot wish a copy w be left in the office or communicated to the government To revert egain, bow- ever, to the state or things which existed when peace was made. The Emperor of the French thougat that war was impevdirg vpou toe Bhiwe, and that thes was the future which be bad to meet the Emperor of Austria thought that tbe peuiral powers were considering termsof meaia- Won, ead these sppreLensions—not avy crrtain kDowiedge, becaure there were no fects upon which thet koo@. ledge coula be foundec—did operate upon their miads, pd they used them as justifications for the peace waica they made. I[ must sey, sir, thes, eo far from tninkiwg that we are deeply responsioie if we in any way uuinen tonally contributed to ths result, | should greatly re- joice if Our position was such— if our attitude was such, tbat it Incucea those great Powers vo make peace, and oot vo prolong that sapguipsry war which, had it been con- tinued, would, I am peraduded, heve had no result, either for the benefit of Italy or of mankind, which would nave made emends for the i002 ebed and she mischief done 10 its course, Therefore, attnougd we can Caim no credit for the peact—aitbougd our mediation did not produce i, and altbougb | tbink that toe rigdt honorable geotiemao is mis- leken 1 FUpposing that the traceminsion of tooge terms iucuced the Fmmperor of Ausiria to conciude the treaty, and give up Lombardy, 1 00 rejoice that peace was made, ono | DIL (bat toefucure of italy abd the fucure of Europe Will be fur bewer provided for by counciis of peae, whetber they are tbe councils of goveroments or the cOvLeH's of peoples—wheiber they are coaducted by dipio- Deuce correspendence or by ounfereuoe—toan could have been aoccmnpliabed vy tbe coptinuance of the late war. (Bear, bear.) Now, sir, with regard to tbas future, tac Then came the coup qétat of the 2d of December. A shuddering of rage and execratioa ran through Europe— meain- tain th:s isolation abowt him, 20 hhout a fooung in France, Without olmer arms benides terror, Be ond quickly fail, Englien goverumen: io an aaiiap)) mo- ‘The Dt Ol weav ness end political shor tig htedness extended ite band to the guilty op Ths Anglo-French alliance men Louis Napoleon and gave pps lees iper Ope. Otber people, seeing ihe proud j an giana Feith im began to copdede to him an AbINTY tout he really did not poss ss, War it a politica! conceit that expected the alliance to Iimit the action of the allied ? Was it belteved chat it was Decernary us every atep to allay the old tradition of anta~ gopwm betwren two great nations? Alliance limits the Acdcne of 8, Power oniy when both of those allied repre- sent the same princi] Free England tp altying itecif Wid itpperialiem, ‘the Jatve:— #iDout Dinding 1t—the Dora) force op which was Ditherto wanting; sod as to tho ‘Dat.re! sD egoDien. facts have #n,aod will ever snow, that tbe oply remedy for this aptagoukm 14 triaayb of Nberty im France. France reqaires eiber Mberty or the glory of war, elsnd, moreover, in» making a treasy b the Emperor, allied hereelt with « man, and not wiih Scoupiry. No onecan believe ia tie N spoleonis dyonsty ; suo on the exile or death of Louis Napoieos, and when. France is a tree nation, the aihuace of Eoglaod with tho Geepot will aod snother tik to tue chain of tradidonal an- tegoviem. “You always vintrus vd’ Frepce,”? they will wey to England, “end opty ailied yourself with her when ) 008 Bil&boe ebforced iyratny uson ber people ”? No! the conduet of the English goverain-at was iospired by ® policy of fear, aud nothing is worse than such a policy towarce & Power which equs!s yon jo material and dees not like you Lous Napoieon divined the begining of Les Policy, and pronecutea with greater audacity bis ono plone. The war of the Crimea was for bim only the means of obtainiyg that which should follow—a treaty of pesce in Parie—av0 open for him @ way of becoming frieadty with Russia, As 200D a8 be Raw & proeyect of the succens of his scheme be bestened, as he did at toe present ume, to couctude a prace insecure for D's ally, and oeclared pro« Waiure dy the pubitc opinion ot Kogi He more than ever fcmenied trouble between Kussa and Englaod, ead S000 alter the secret treatica with the Czar were cim- menced. 4s tue war in the Crimea, so the war in Italy was. for Louis Nepoleon the meavs of prwgiag about ep allance with Austria Toe ancieot pride of toe Avetrian ‘monarchy could only be subdued ou the bate field, ‘Our war,” be aaid to Couot Cavour Bt the conference of Piombieres, weeks: after a defeat Austria wii revi 1€48, and we will accept them; the otber Powers dare Toy inrertere.”” The Count Usvour coosented, aud made of tne joa of Italtan nationality » mere foutstool of tue Austriaae Rugewp Frepob siliapce, Only, tbat since tne ides of Trahan pationslity emencipariog iteeif, ead pointing to- wards a duty, regardieas of the dynastical amoitions of Lovie Napoleon, be hasteve? the pesce, abd proyosed that which, acoording to his earher pians, he ooly meant to ae ano substituting the question of territory for the quesuon of hberty, The meaus—foliowing the war in Lombardy— are the o:vidipg, between the three members of the alli- ance, cf the Mohammedan porressions in Europe and Af- rica, and the war against land. If Austria bad po: toe proposals of Villafranca, the piss would Dave beep carried on, tboogh in a modi- fied mapner. by the Emperor and the (zer Hungary, peted from Austria, would bave shared the fate of Covatantinople; the Mediterranean become a French lake, would bave been given to the Emperor; Russie would bave been airectly or indirectiy the mistress of ibe north apd eset of Europe, while imperial France would rule the west and eouiD. At present the designs of the three Powers are limited, as I said, to the cismemberment of Orenta! Earo,e and war against Engiand ano Prutwa. J afirm, not from mere conjecture, but by the fact, the ewistence (f these demgns. assert Of the treaty betwren the Emperor and the Orient were conveyed from Paris yy La Konciere during hus lat musicn Wo St. Petersbuag, @ litile before the war ‘war, Le mta dy broke out. Tassert that the preparations of particularly the maritime arrang ments, continue in France ‘more actly than ever, There lsves im Kurope one who knows the vuth of which I speak,and could confirm my stotements, but will not do U; nor shall I betray hum who thus prefers to be silent The genius of Louls Napoleon is the gevius of the spirit, of evil. Condemned to ignore or quell toe germs of good, the tublime pativets toat trembie in the bearw of an upd pation, be 18 & master in the koo wedge Of every +goKiem, of every intercet, of every #rong tendency, aad Of every bese passion, Which drowns those meuncus Like the vempier be causes tbe biow or the weakness tnat Orewes tbe viewm to rain. He cannot eacabiien, but de knows bow to oitgolve. In this remains the secret of his MeiDiaipec power. A free and iogicaly moral policy woud Dovors bie Kebtieman tbe mewber for bOrsbam Bays wnat wore ] spoke Of toe rigbis Of the peovles af Lascauy esa Modena, Lomittes to bovice the rights of tas sovereyns WhO yeigo Over them. 1 am afraid taat 1m the eyes of toe hovorabie geutiemay Iam a great Deretic in that respact, decaure, although Lhave a great respec fur swerrigms wr | hate fo TULOUS marntained themsLors im Unrir aronss, Gna recerted the Wyol reapect of thesr subjects, 1 have no be Lif tw the doctrine such as the University’ of Cambridge | (nce affirmed, which gives tw the sover an 30 | herent right tw reign, thas nu fault cin alt-r or diminsh, | (Hear, bear) I) capnot subscribe wo a dovtriae | of thet kind, mod if 1 iook w the soverergua of | Borope I see many of them who could yever susaccibe to | we corisive that a peopic bave no right upon fauk or | vpon offence to declare that they will BO louger give theic | Obedience to a sovereign who bas Dot efforded inem pro ction and who tise rightiy forfeiten seis allegiance — Lo | Wake the latent wmptuace tires, the King of the Belgians owes o*D 10 4 popular revolution. Such tov, Lough at & | more remote Gale, is the foundation cf the rigatol tue Kirg of uollard, #bo owes bis torone to & popular ravou. | sgewst the crown of Span. Such is the foundation of cae | Might of toe King of Sweven, to whose crown there 1s even | BOw pretender. Suck, 10 fact, 18 tae rgut of ibe Empa | for of the Frencd io mis throve, (fear, hear) If te | Leb of legitimacy were to prevail, who Dut the Duke of } Bordeaux could claim the wli giance of the people of Freuce? ape yet they pay no ul egiance to bim, ‘bat yiela Weir withing sudmiseion to the Emyeror who bow rules Over them Such, kewiae, is the cundation of the right Of our own Cypasty, (Cueers.) Our sovereign can ciaia Lo right Bupérior to that derived from the decision of the Parbament and people of Greet Britain that tne throoe wax forfeited by the House of Stuart, in consequence of ther Vio.asion of the rigbus of the people and tueir wih Crawing from the couniry over which they reigned. I? Such is the care, ia [tay to be the only couniry the peopie of wbicb are DOL io exercise this power? (Hear, near ) Are the people of Italy wno, as 1 have said, have been ev moderate acd xO Jurt in theit proceedings, who have coa- mitted Lo outrages, who bave taken part in no vidence, to be deprived of that rigot, of chat power whica had hoon exercised in Belgium, in Holand, tn S#eden, ia Fracce 41d tb Great Britain? I cunnos be @ party to denyiog them tbat rigot’ (Hear, hear) Oo toe contrary, I oslteve that if you allow tbe people of Ituly to settle their own pti ion bear)—and that is the doctrine which my nobie friend and myself have aiways beid in :bis Hovee, erpeciaiiy during the whole course of the present terriob—it yod allow the people of Italy, whetner they Dave bitnerto lived under she ruie of te King of Sardinia cr of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, or of the Dake of Modena, uncer the Pope, or under the King of the Two Siciles, to rettie with toeir sovere on what terms they eal pay their ailegia tere will no iouger exist the irritation and discoa. tev! which bas lopg prevailed, but they wiil proceed | with peace and order to estabiieh the foundations of good | government, With respect to our cootuct. in thse uat- tere, 1 Dave Do #189 to interfere prematurely or wo keep Up @ constant tLtervention in the affairs of other natioas, Dus at the same time I cannot forges the bistory of my | country. T cannot be bind to her gecawess, nor can I forget ber duties. She has duties to Europe as she nas Guues to ber own people IT cannot beveve in that at Which my right honorable fctead the member for Stroud seemed 10 bint—a new taniastic poucy by which thie | country should separate herseit, as 1¢ was suppr aed wo do | im Roman umes, from the whole world, aud attend mero | ty to her internal afluirs. { deliece tat iC ebe ad tuat, if the forgot ber duties, if she refused ner acvios and her Covneels, @hen thatasvice #00 thore counsels were r3- quired, wile in the firetimstance ber coaduct would be ixjuriove to other Devons, while im the second place it woud lead to the preponderauce of some great Powor, avo to the consequent injury and detriment of the peop'e of Europe, it would end in the Joss of that very indepen- c4oe which by such veltish means we had endeavored to mainiain. (Cneere.) THE EUROPEAN COUP D'ETAT. MA2ZINI’S IDKA OF A NEW HOLY ALLIANCE. [From the Peppiero ed Azione, Avgust i. | Tn 1849, when 4 repuolican assembly, memorable for its importance snd the igh laws of morality woich ahoud goverD it8 politics) sifairs, permitted the expedition agaicst Rome, I wrote, wering the calumuiee of Count Monies embert: “ You shall have, Frencnmen, an expedi- tion against Kome tn your own midst.” The Zo of December veritied my prediction. France is pow expiating in her shame and oppreasion ibe crime then commited. Europe, if sbe persists in the cowardly and culpable in- éifference with wbich sbe regares now the progress aod tg of Bovapartism, will berselt suffer an inevitable and fevere expiation, As the expedition agaiost Rome was the prelude of the French coup d'etat, #0 the Crimean anc Italian ware ure but two steps towards the Europsen coup d'état. The next ‘will be the of Tur- fey an @ war against England, then isolated én the Roman expedition had Falmeraton, inrtead of d tance omar Imey: or nat tbe Pretestant government of wt the restoration of Catholiciem in Rome, had then said to Louis Napoleon, “ Exgland will not permit foreign in tervention in the tntefhal affairs of other states,” imperi- ther if thoee terms were accepted by Austria the Empcror of the French would be ready to sencticn thea. I was go. ig to @ Cabinet Council at the time, an’ there I communi cated to my colleagues what he had said. They one and all agreed that © could not make @ formal communica. tion cf apy euch tertas—tiat the poriod had oot arrived when we could prefer our good offices, Bat ag thoee tertne were more moderate than, from the prociamation of the French Emperor, one could have expected he walt offer, they thought it would not bs right to conceal thea, from the Austrian goveroment, and sherefore :hey com missioned re to 41ve the paper containing the terma to tbe Avatrian Minister, and 1 comomuntcnied them to bia on the samo Light Tho honorable gentleman asks wha: Proesia said, Nothing whato for J never syoke ty Prursia on the rvbject, (A laugh.) He asked, al hat d. Toxhat I have to give the same acewer 1g Whatever, for Thad no communication with Wo ‘Minister of Kuagla om the aubject. (A Inugh) The Avs lism would have been checked jn the opening of Its ca recr, end the wars of the Crimea jand Lombardy would probably not bave cocurred; only this weakness of Kug- land bas kept Louis Napoleon audacious and poworful, The expedition to Rome bad the triple object of pleasing the French LY, disere titing the Repubiican Assemoviy , and preparing Frenca soldiers (0 combat against the Tepublican standard at home But it wae, besides, for Louis Napoleon, # means of learning the tendencies and exwetirg powor of the European governments. It was for him that which feeling the puise fe to ihe pbyrician, The pulse of Europe, a tolerant ana indifferent spectator of the Bobje defence of Rowe, sbowed to bim that be hao no need to fear of etcountering in the governments either politica: fireneer, or faith in @ ruling princiole, or tho price of mora! indepencence. Tae people commence to {rei it themeeiver—- Bovapartiem, or tbe blind adoration of force, commenced to sprout vigorously among the ruins of Roman liberty. condemp bm to speedy ruin. Tha poreiseuce af poor, dismembered Ksly, in ber desire for unity would sattice Wo npset al) the oyousuc pane of Louis Napoleon War is for toe empire 60 absoluve Lecestiiy. Tne em- pire coes Dot represent & privciple, Buch ss linerty, nor m Uaoiten, such az jegtomacy, Dor a faith, such as Weocra- cy. Tne empire represenis Devrpation—and this fact{fie neces: Cappot Msipleip itself except by sections cbat fortify tt. Glory ana territorial aggrand'z "meni ere tbe opty sbings the empire can give to France in exchange for 1ibersy Woere a Pawer consists of s chiel and an army, war is Dut ibe pormal conoition of Ks life. It is but aa tlasioa Yo believe that ibe empire can be peace: it would give the ite to biswry. \ ‘And iu ces with the empire cin on y be ailiauces with deepotiem. Alliaoses wre fouuded ope an identity Of orinciples and interests The hte of tae empire i France reqaires tbe triumph of ieperisiiam ja Europe. The patvral a! of Louis Napoteon are Russia and Agg- tra It would be witn Prose if toe Roemsa provinces, Gestned, accorcing to imperial tradition, w belong wo vance, did pot prevent. The statesman who sitied England wi the empire committed a crime aud attempt- €0 »p imposaibility. (After Gettoing tbe moral and political meanings of Deutrality, acd declaring that a tremendous expiation wil) be required of those vations who Peck in neutrailty lo evace the Cuties which God charges upon butions as Well as individuals, and warming the Engtinn agsiust the incrrasitg power of Frauce and Ruseia, Sage'n) proceeds WiND bis Gucribe sgaies toe Frruch empire, } Impertaism is the vmminent danger in Europe Europe should o-mbat i, and conquer or due. Imperisism cannot De controlled by caressing it, dypiomatzing with it, aud Seeking 10 bimit its spbere witb bypocritical aliianoes or cepcihopa: coucessious. It is necessary to front it boldiy. It France persuades berseif that the empire is & fact with which no ong dures coutend, tf the peopte convince them- felver that there 18 a hope of support and quarter, Europe ip lost. Louis Napoleon and the Czar intend to aid esch other to the end of their rue in ths principle, It is cecessary to take 0 stand now, lett the illusions easily created amoug: oppreseed people, and the deapair of oovainiog any exter nor aid, torow the nations at the foot of Imperia’isin, Lous Napo'eon apd te Czar intend to aid esc other, evetaining, 6s Lewid, the question of territory against the queeticn of iiberty. Europe moet steno security (Bisogna che VEurcpa si faccia mallevadrice) for the pecpie and Hoerty. A league headed by England, and comprising England, Prussia, Germany, Belgium, Bolland, Switzerland, Porta’ gw, Spain and the other minor States of Europe, sbouid Cee are steeif security for the independence aud liberty of cach State, for all that concern its internal alfairs, and protect, even to the riek of war, that iberty and that independence egaicst any invacer whatever, should cut cf at the rootthe designs of imperiaiiam; should wean the popuisce forever from its seouctions; should make pew wars impossible by the overpowering military force that the league could send to the field, aud thus isolate the empire. Such a esgce it is not only possible but easy to com. bine, The whole of Eorope to-day is in dread of the im. vading tendencies of imperialism. In the qveetion of (taly—a question on which pow turns tbe peace ot Burope—toe League would say to ona Emperor, *You have conciuded a peace with Austria, tae Fesgon of your stay im Italy no more existe. You eecended the Alps w insure the independence of Italy. This independence now requires the abeence of every foreign amy from the Peninamw. Leave it, then.’ “You promised @ tittle while before the war that you would abandon the Roman States wheo Auatria bad done the same. Tae conaition is to-day fulflied. Depart, then, from Rome; leave the people of Ita'y free to decid@ with force tbe troubies that bave existed for three centuries be- tween them std their rulers, between the new uation aad the Austrian mistress or Venice We sball provide that this nation sball not pass beyond the Mincio, the conflaca assigoed to it by your ts Sud this is tbe only poltoy wortby of England, With this oply cap she wake the peopie fraternize, raise her- teif to the dignity of a European mission, fill without great peril her cuty, and arrest in its march of usurpation, the empire. Let her haste to the rescue first in Buroreaa Turkey, and then on her own soil. G, MAZZINI. THE DISAPPOINTMENT OF ITALY. [From the Loucon simee, August 8 J Acold thillt of disspyoiutment ran throngé the Itatian Pevinsuia when the outiines of the conversation which pasted between the two Emperors at Villafranca became known. The tame Southern exsggetation of mind and feeling which bad Jed the Itaitans to see in the Emperor a species of military Meesiah. who was at length, snd after 80 many Sears cf weary Bulluring, to free thea from their worse than Eyyptiay bondage, threw them, when be proved upirve 10 Loeir expectation, into prema- ture despair. The oper locks of iove and veueration which bad greeted bie onward progress were eonvariod, ‘nto gisnces of hatred and +xecrstion on hie homeward pat, Onge they came out to biees bia, now they curred wim at he posted by. But & few weeks back no namo bud been prevounced, trom Mont Cems to the Sursite of Mersini, with such paeatouate fervor of devotion as that of the Emperor Napoleon; pow ite taaa of ‘waitor”’ wos coupled with that of Tous Napoison from the Po to the Neapolitan frontier. it must be coufersed even by that ingenious genticman who writes trom the Tuileries, ond bag ever at basa an epigram to excuse a wrong, tbat the expectatious of the maitans bad been ruined 10 @ point of madness by the Kmpsror Napoleon fore he begen his campaign. fe © aveuish of was the motto on his bavper, and ihe He would bave founa Europe 10 arms im bad he poe! Ae that be was going to Ivaty for seifieh or even Frenoh purposes. The crueities exercieed ey a combination of the Austrian anc Papal systems thongbout: the Italian Peninsula bad been ep extreme and of suca ong Covtibuabos thai & man could look hia teliow man ia tne face ano profers to stand fortd as their devonder Wo might judge the attempt to redress this wm serable state of \bipgs useless or impossible, but we could not do battie ‘against any maa who fought in such a cause, Tae French,