The New York Herald Newspaper, July 6, 1859, Page 3

i ran instant of the gravity of the state | lane sigh toe the imminence of a pion fa war, the ebanges made in foreign policy by the retirement of Count Buol. THe say, Tar e reorganization wonais nlarprated. Some see in it an opp towards Russia, and others a check to tT li- oy. Our opinion is, that the removal of the Minis. ter who has directed the policy of Austria since the death of Prince Schwartzenberg is the aurora of redoubted energy in the efforts of the Cabinet of Vienna and a new token of friendship for Germany and Russia. The London Times itself is of this opinion when it refects on the coincidence in the debates of the Prussian Parliament, with the re- tirement of the Minister of Foreign Afbirs of Fran- eis Joseph. AUBTRIAN RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA, In regard to a reconciliation with Russia, we would be happy to believe it; but im lity com- ella us to look upon it with doubt. If the oe in- nded to confine lf to neutrality, would he have placed his formidable army upon a war foot- ing, and would he have placed a corps of observa- on < 60,000 men on the confines of upper Bessa- a MINISTRY, Austrian Ministry is roach POLITICAL CHANGES. “ But is the retirement of Count Buol, as it is said, a check to the English policy? We do not believe it Lord Derby's Cabinet, which inclipes to an armed neutrality, after having made some unforta- nate and awkward efforts for the preservation of peace, does not seem to us wor to represent opinions of the English people on the Italian question. The plaything of all partion in land condemned by public opinion in Europe, it will not be long before it must cede its place toa more ener- etic and more national combination. It is only en that one will understand the’projects of Eag- Jand. For the momentshe seems very hostile to Lot Napoleon, and having great sympathy with Ger- many; and Lord Malmesbury, in ri to recog nize the Tuscan government has, without doubt given way to the presence of public opinion. The yetirement of Count Buol, then, seems to us to be rather a check to the policy of Lord Derby, than a menitanns announcement to the English people of pe am the true meaning could not be misunder- ING IN GERMANY. FRELI But the characteristic bait of the “situation” is the state of feeling in Germany, where the people are excited to the highest pitch by their writers and their journals. e hatred of France is so great that a popular explo- sion is dreaded. Never was patriotism more ardent. From all sides young, men are flocking to enro) themselves under the national banners. There are those who cross the seas, who come from the depths of far distant countries, who abandon posi- tion and future prospects, to & their comrades who are ready to die for the honor and indepen- dence of the German name. is not merely a beautiful spectacle—it is not only a menace—but it is also an answer to the attitude of Russia and an advance towards the unity of Germa which the first Napoleon had without knowing it. ATTITUDE OF TURKEY. As a last feature of this rapid and necessary de- scription of the position of fore’ nations, we will mention the embarrassed attitude of Turkey, which appears to us to be truly placed between two stools. makes war on Germany, it is evident that Co Panel Jn will be the shameful prize of the Franco-Ro: alliance. In short, it is said that Hungary is wavering between duty and the remem- ‘brance of her foo! enterprise in 1848, and that the King of Naples, like the Pope, seems to fear a sevolutionary explosion in their States. a Now that we have pointed out the general situ- ation of affhirs, we will mpecooed with our principal task, which is to set forth the plans and the move- ments of the opposing armies. first place there has been no very important news from the theatre of war this week. It is believed—and it is our opinion—that we shall have a great battle, or even an offensive movement of the Allies, by the end of the month—more or lesa. The heavy rains, which have retarded the march of the Austrians, but which have also secured their movements, cease to swell the rivers and to inundate the plains. ‘The weather has now cleared up, and soldiers will be able to cut each other’s throats with more case. NAPOLBON’S MOVEMENTS. The Emperor of the French, whom in our last bulletin we left at Genoa, is at present at Alessan- @ria. He passes his time in reconnoiteriug the positions of the enemy's army, in inspecting his troops, and in addressing them proclamations. The Imperial cousin remains at Genoa. He is engaged in the organization of a corps d’armée, the com- mand of which has been entrusted to him. The destination of that troop no one knows; but it is enerally believed that its mission will be to aid ie revolutionary movement in Tuscany and Naples if it ia necessary. This fact _- is ert important. It shows that the French have the intention of preserving their communication with the sea and of taking possession of the duchies in con- sequence. It is known that General MacMahon, who bythe way we may say is one of the first soldiers of France, has orders to take the Austrians in flank, so as to throw them back altogether upon Toma which, in such supposition, would thus become the real theatre of war. ACTIVITY ON THE AUSTRIAN SIDE. On their side, the Austrians do not remain inac- tive.. They are fortified in the position which they occupy, and they live in the meantime on the re sources of the country. After the plan, ascribed to Gen. Hees, the Austrian army will not_ seriously ac- cont te struggle until they are assured of a fortified ion. On the 14th of May, the Allies pushed a strong reconnaissance beyond the town of Etra, from the Vercelli side. But the enemy had not left their po- sitions. On the same day there had been a little affair at Bobbio. At half-past one o’clock in the morning, the Austrians entered that village. Having arrived there, they distributed their force in patrols. One of them, half way from the Parta Nuova, met a de- tachment of the National Guard. The Piedmontese exclaimed—“ Who goes there?” The enemy re- piled, by a discharge, which drove hack the letachment. Then they retired slowly to- wards Mezzano Scatto, where they were welcomed, and at eight o'clock, they ssed the Trebbia to Ambricco, retiring towards River aro, and taking some prisoners with them. This ekirmish was doubtless designed to protect the great movement of Austrian troops which took place on the same day near the bridge of Stella, on the left bank of the Po. ’ ‘THE BRIDGE OF STELLA. x This bridge of Stella, which is now fortified, Mere protect the retreat of the Austrians. It had at first been menac2d by the swollen waters of the Po, but the weather has since become favorable, and there is no more fear on that ground. BRIDGE OF STRADELLA. A; ‘There is another bridge—that of Stradella—which is also a formidable position for the Austrians, THE LINE OF THE APPENINES. If we examine the movement of the chain of the Appenines, it will be seen that in consequence of the circle which it forms to embrace the Gulf of Genoa, it reascends to the North and projects some vonnterforts which closely encircles the Po from the position of Stradella to the environs of Plai- sance. In all that of Piedmont and of the Duchy of Parma, the feet of the monntains approaches the river so as to leave but a very narrow place to the great route of Plaisance. An army placed in front of Gra- della, at the entrance of a kind of de- file several leagues long, the left on the heights, the centre on the route, the right the length of the Po, and the marshy lands which hor- der it, is difficult to be dislodged. It must be wlded that the route is sown with towns and villages, bailt with solid masonry and very capable of resisting cannon. —a unity prepared DIFFICULTIES OF THE ALLIES. It seems that the obstacles will not vanish before the Allies as they seemed to hope. The actors of the French comedy will not play so soon in the theatre of Milan, The Emperor Napoleon, who is not a thunderbolt of war, notwithstandin; the hyperboles of the Ital- ian poets, has confined if, up to the present time, in studying the positions of the enemy, and visiting the advanced posts to rekindle the extinct enthusi of the soldiers, and to explore the course of the Po. He has also inspected the posi- ‘tions of the army at Tortona and at Pontecurone. 3 ADVANCE OF THE AUSTRIANS. On the 19th of May some Austrian detachments advanced to Capriasco, near to San Germano, and afterwards retired to Vercelli. They then evacuat- ed this last mentioned city, blowing behind them two arches of the bridge of the » PYO- bably with the view of giving themselves time for an orderly retreat. The Allies occupied Vercelli on he same day, but the Austrians are again on the Jeft bank with their artillery. REPULSE OF THE ALLIES. On the same day the enemy attempted to fortify Ete on ots are 16 Po, in ean Va- lencia, 80 28 vent the passage of ery. ‘The Allies have opposed that movement. ‘Afters cannonade of some hours, the. Austrians have, it seems, abandoned their intention. DESIGNS OF THE AUSTRIANS. These two simultaneons movements of the ene- my on Vercelli and on Valencia, two vil- Jages which command the valley of the Se- win, tg! have but one view—that of mi the real designs of the Austrian army. Do they seek to direct the attention of the allies upon there two points to draw off the centre of the French army, which is to protect the Duchies? We are at this moment yet ignorant. _, COURSE OF MILITARY OPERATIONS. Military operations have been confined to these various movements. Everything indicates that the | Austrians will not phandon the inyaded territory NEW YORK HERALD, WEDNESDAY until after # great battle on the walls of Alessan- dria, The fact is that the Austrians have lost no- thing, and that the allies, positively driven into their Jast strategical entrenchments, will be soon forced to march forward to repulse the enemy on the other side of the frontiers of Sardinia, becanse it has al- ready begun to be asked, What the French army is doing for the glorious cause of the King Victor Emanuel? Not only has a waterspout pene over the Lomellina, which has ravaged all bcs and the country; not on! Sesongh all the extent of the territory occupied by the Austriana have all the trees been cut down to the height of a man, so as to prevent the evolutions of cavalry by their branches; but the gentae of Napoleon the Third has exercised, the sacred name of independence, the same ravages around Alessan- dria, All has been annihilated, consumed or car- ried off, Cattle, horses and beasts of burden, carta and carriages, all have disappeared. There ia no Money anywhere, no more provisions; the requisi- tions ‘have exhausted everything that was of any value. At the present hour, before the first cannon shot, because up to this time there not been any- thing serious, ten years of peace at least will be necessary for Sardinia, like the Lomellina, to come out of her tomb. The molten lead from the lava of Vesuvius, spreading itself over the whole surface of that land of sorrows, could not have de- vastated it in a more crael manner, ADDRESS OF PRINCE NAPOLEON. SoLprers OF THE FirrH Corrs D’ARMRE OF ITALY:— ‘The Emperor catls me to the honor of commanding you Many among you are my old comrades of Alma and Ja- oe 8 in the Crimes, as in Ge ou will be worthy of your glorious reputation. courage, Tenseity-— these fre the military virtues which ‘you will show aga‘n to Europe, now attentive to the great events mropariegs The cou: of ancient fei mp and a modern Trapnesnien {reece} 1g, to owe you her ; you iver r ever from he doraiaators, fie those eternal France, whose names are mixed up in our history with and all our victories! [APOLEON (Jerome), oni Commander-in chief of the Anis Corps, darmée aly. To-day the sapecachin debarkation of his Impe- rial Highness in any been announced; bat it is added on one side he and his troops will be un- fayorably received; on the other side, it is said that the representatives of the Powers will protest against the projected occupation. AFFAIR OF MONTEBELLO. At last the cannon of battle has resounded be- yond the Alps, and already the plains and the hos- pitals have recovered, or received the fruits of war, REVIEW OF AUSTRIAN STATEGY. That which is most positive in the “situation,” as we have foreseen in our precede bulletins, is that the Austrian army could no fonger have an: serious interest in occupying Piedmont. In fact, why bas Count Gyulai passed the Ticino and in- vaded all the Lomellina? Why has he advanced on the Po and there entrenched himself? From the first he has crossed the Ticino to put into execution the menace formulated by the Emperor Francis Joseph in his ultimatum, which consists in disarming the Italian volunteers by force. THE AUSTRIANS MEET THE FRENCH, Wherefore, notwithstanding, have the Austrians not disarmed the volunteers! Evidently, because during all their advance the enemy continned to re- treat, so that they found before them nothing but abandoned cities and territories to lay under con- tribution, and because, having arrived at the feet of the Piedmontese entrenchments, the Austrians found themselves face to face with the French army. What did there remain, then, for them to do, if not to apply the laws of war, which might permit them to ruin the immense extent of territory which they occupied, and which precisely forms upon the map a strategic Mitte tt position described by the illustrious military writer, General Jomini, as a point where an army might perfectly be established and live at the expense of the enemy, on the con- dition of defending certain places, which has not been neglected, it being understood that it should not find itself opposed to other than equal forces. PRUDENCE IN RETARAT, It may then be asserted, without fear of contra- diction from any authority, that the Ai army, after a month of occupation and requisitions, has everything to gain in ré-entering upon its tet tae but alo to continue to dissimulate defensive wor to hide its retreating movements, which can never be executed with too much prudence and ability. THE MASKS OF ENGLAND AND GERMANY. Is it not the day on which the French army shall cross the Ticino, at the time when the Austrians re-entered into their own bounds, which they know, and which, from a long time past, they have made safe against all surprige; is it not that day, we say, that England and the Germanic Confederation will have a plausible pretext for throwing off their masks? MEANING OF AUSTRIAN MANC:UVRES. We, therefore, understand the offensive man- cenvre executed almost simultaneously on two ex- treme points of the Austrian lines, at the re of the Besia, near Vercelli, and in front of Stradel- la, the strategical importance of which we have al- ready pointed out. THE AUSTRIANS MOVING FORWARD. Evidently tired of resting on his arms, the Aus- trian General has sent forward the left wing of his corps darmée to commence the retreat by the centre and to advance with safety upon Stradella, which is the key of Pavia. The Austrian division, then, having advanced to Monte- bello, a village sitnated between Stradella and Voghera, and nine kilometres (two miles and a quarter) from that last mentioned city, attacked the advanced posts of Gen. Baraguay d’Hilliers. INDEX TO THE PLAN. Com = Avstrian corps. KAA French troops. DOM §=——- Piemontese cavalry. wwoe=—- Roads, cee Railroads. 1, Advanced Piedmontese which, falling back upon Voghera, gave notice of the ‘epprosch of the Aus: columns. vee *Birement of the Freoch troops towards the Aus. trian. 6. Attack on the village of Montebello. 6, The Austrians re ontering Casteggio. Gen. Forey immediately took the command of a division of the advanced guard composed of 8,000 French and one regiment of Piedmontese cavalry, and both sides en; in the combat. It lasted nearly four hours. Six hundred men on the sido of the Allies were left on the field of battle, and among the dead General Benret was numbered, who commanded one of the brigades of tho divi- sion Forey, Colonels Lespart de Bellefond, Couteil, and ere other officers. Commandants Lacre- telle and Ferrnsse were wounded. REPORTED LOSSES ON THE OTHER SIDE. On the other hond, we ore told that the Austrians, who were to the aumber of 12,000 men, must haye Jost 2,000 men, among whom were a great number bodpital of Voghers, where the Emperor Napelooa 08pi ( » Wi ror went to visit them. DOUBTFUL NATURE OF THE ATRUGGLI. ‘That did not hinder that the news received on Saturday night should have represented the affair of Montebello as a victory, ‘which appears to us to be nearer the truth, as the already enormous figure of killed and wounded, confessed on their part by the allies, indicate losses far more con- siderable, THE MOVEMENT ON TRE SESTA. TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE BATTLE OF VILLATA, In vee tothe movement on the Sesia, near Vercelli, it is insignificant by itself, and will not probably serve but to cover another operation. The Piedmontese division, commanded by General Cialdini, forced the passage of the river and re- pulsed the enemy, who will have to abandon some prisoners provisions, and munitions. ARTFUL AUSTRIAN RETREAT. What is most clear of all is that the Austrian army executed a retreat prescribed by all the rules of art. We shall proceed in our next bulletin to de- scribe that movement, and if we have room, to fol- low the Allies in their offensive march. Jt cannot henceforth go backwards. The French army is cast upon the route of Rivoli, and we shall see if it will not swerve a little from the route pointed out in the Emperor’s order of the day. THE FUTURE OPEN FOR NAPOLEON. In all cases, the ordinary comedians of his Majesty have not yet left Paris. “It may, perhaps, be dis- covered that as far from Alessandria to Milan as from the Theatre Francais to the Theatre of La Scala, and that the time is not yet come when Napoleon the Third, paciy upon his forehead the famous iron crown of the Lombard kings, shall be able to repeat with Charlemagne, Charles the Fifth, and Napoleon the First, the words which tradition attributes to Agilulfus—“ God has given it tome: woe be to him that touches it!” SAFETY OF THR IRON CROWN. We add, to reassure the shades of the Lombard kings, that the iron crown is locked up in the fortress of Mantua, and it is there whither he must go to take it. OPERATIONS IN THE NORTH OF LOMBARDY. Jn the time of Ruy Blas, if we are to believe Mr. Victor Hugo, Don Carlos wrote from the recesses of Aragon to the Queen of all the Spains: “Madame, il fait grand yent, ot j’ai tad six loups.” (‘‘Madam, there isa strong breeze, and I have killed six wolves.”) But that time is :far from us. Now-a-days one speaks in prose and is more explicit. The day after the battle of Montebello, for instance, when restless Europe strained its attentive ear to the echoes of the Alps to learn decidedly if the tirst feat of arms accomplished on the theatre of war was a victory or a defeat for the allies, the Moniteur Uni- versel published the following intelligence, brought, from Alessandria by the telegraph:— “Jt is fine weather, and the Emperor is well.” EUROPE NOT CONTENT. As explicit as was that important news, it did not suffice in the least to reassure Europe. But thank God, the private correspondence arrived soon after, and the dangers which had followed the Emperor were not long in being known. His Majesty had left Alessandria the same morning, and while the division Forey engaged in the combat on the north of that village, the Emperor in his grey redingote and with arms crossed in the historical attitude of the Little Corporal visited the battle field of Marengo, to the south of the fortress. Haif an hour after the return of his Majesty, says the Siecle— who will be very much astonished to learn that he has so much spirit—it was known at Alessandria that the victory remained with the French, after a pg struggle, but that they had to deplore cruel josses, REPORT OF GENERAL FORRY. At last the simple and concise report of Gene- ral Forey has arrived, under the signature of which one must believe had been added, as a com- pliment, the following eminently French progerip- tum:— After the information which comes to me from all sides, the enemy’s forces could not have been nuder 15,000 to 18,000 men ; and if Iam to believe the reports of prisoners, they greatly exceed that figure.” THE AUSTRIAN MOVEMENT FORRSEEN. The fact is that, as we have foreseen in our pre- vious bulletins, the Commander-in-Chief of the Aus- trian army, having believed it to be necessary to execute a general movement of retreat, to draw the enemy upon the Ticino, had given orders to General Stadion to advance from Stra- della towards Casteggio and Montebello, villages oceupied by Sardinian cavalry and the ad- vanced posts of the French, and to engage ina combat on those points while the headquarters would fall back upon Garlasco, which forms in front of the Ticini the summit of an obtuse angle, sup- ported by Pavia and Vig avano. GENERAL STADION’S TACTICS. General Stadion, who could not doubt that the advanced posts of the Allies would be far enough from Baragnay d’Hillier’s division, so as not to receive reinforcements until two hours after the attack—General Stadion, we say, then de- ployed in front of Stadella a division composed of nine to ten thousand men, and sent the heads of his oo first to occupy Casteggio, then Monte- ello. POSITIONS OF THE COMBATANTS. There were not at this moment in the French ad- vanced posts more than two battallions of the 84th, quartered before Voghera, and they guarded it, ‘waiting for reinforcements to march upon Monte- bello, The Austrians then took two hours to esta- blish themselves at Montebello and at Casteggio, and it_was about this time that the divi- sion Forey arrived with the Sardinian cavalry of General Lomaz, a strength of about 40,000 men, according to the estimation of General Gyulai, which is evidently an re figure, as much as that of the French valuation of the force of the enemy. That which might be truc is that the corps d’armee of Marshal Beaguey, @Hilliers was about 40,000 strong, but the half of that corps, at least, had been held in reserve, while the other half engaged in combat. The last number of 20,000 men on the aide of the Allies appears to us to pre- sent more nearly exactly the force of one engaged, secing that the official report admits that the divi- ston Forey had been engaged. THR SLAUGHTER IN TRE CHURCHYARD. It is generally known by the report of this brave General what were the dispositions of battle which were taken to possess Montebello, and how he re- pulsed the Austrians, even in the cemetery of Cas- teggio, beyond the strect barricades of that village, as if their occupation were worth the sacrifice of one bundred men. Nevertheless, the combat on this point has been so terribly furious that on the side of the Austrians alone 294 dead were left on the field of battle, without counting 718 eee: ‘| among whom were one General, one Major, an twenty-six other officers, It is just to add that these figures are again of French origin, and the corres- pondent of the journal the best informed in the world—the London Zimes—reduces it to 500 killed and wounded. DESPERATE BRAVERY OF THE AUSTRIANS. In regard to the 200 Austrian prisoners brought back to Voghera, it was not for grasping their wea- pons lightly in fighting in retreat, but, entrenched with their arms in their hands, in the houses, be- hind the barricades, and in the cemetery of Casteg- gis, wea the soil foot by foot, body to ody, heroic soldiers, to protect the retreat of their comrades in perfect order. PRRPLEXITY OF NAPOLEON. Thus we understand in what 3 Ne: the maker Napoleon must have found himself the next day in presence of the results of the struggle, at which time he was puzzled to make known to France, by the medium of the Moniteur, whether the affair of (Mentebello was a victory or a defeat— Madame, it ia fine weather, and I ‘havo killed six wolvee, —he said, to draw off attention from the affair, THR AUSTRIAN HRADQUARTERS FALL BACK. We have shown that during the magnificent com- bat snstained with so mnch ectat by Generals Stadion and Benedek, the central bedy of the Anstrjan line of operation fell back in good order upon Garlasco, taking 4 them their cannon, provisions, muni- tiors. magazines and all the material which was intended to be used at the siege of Casale, Valea- cfa and Alessandria, if the French 80 promptly arrived to the succour of t! allies. TBE CONTEST ON THE VEROELLI GIDE. From the Vercelli side, where the movement was pushed on iuilabeoualy, it cont nm pey Ma not ns nothing to say that that movement wey, een opposed by the enemy, because on that side, where there was no diversion, and where the ground would consequently have been disputed with more ferocity even than at Casteggio, the Austrian general had scarcely defended the e of the Sesia against General Cialdini, and it is for this reason also that this latter had been enabled to seize a considerable quantity of provisions and bag- age. It is true that Gi , with bis volun- ers, went off in an pblline direction at the same e, and that if the Austrian General had ac- cepted battle on the same, instead of reaching Novara, it would not have been equal. A few hours lost sufficed to permit the di to be taken in flank, and from that moment the retreat would have been altogether compromised. MOVEMENTS OF GARIBALDI. It was following this last movement that Gari- baldi boldly advanced upon Arona, then upon Lesto-Calende, at the point of Lake Maggiore. at the place where the Ticino issues from th y waters of the Jake. It was there, menacin |.a- veno, where the Austrian steam vessels wer: situ- ated, which might have bee: ntured, unless they retired into neutral territ: », like the .rdinian vessels; it is there, say, where Gamba. di threw himself on Vares ere, not having any cannon or cavalry, fhe c enced to fortify himself, so as to prepare to sustain an attack with which he was menaced by the Austrian Genera! Urban. GARIBALDI'S DIFFICULTIES. To see Garibaldi once more in a forlorn condi- tion with his corps d'armée, as he had already pre- viously been in the valley of the Sesia, behind the Lago Maggiore, without’ a corps of reserve, with- out a place of retreat from which he might be able to support his offensive movements, one is tempted to inguire whether the impetuous constitutional re- publican is not an instrument in the hands of the empire which it desires to crush, so as to annihi- late the revolution along with him. One must be- lieve that there are many more volunteers than the number of 6,500 fixed by Napoleon the Third as the effective force of the volunteers, and that they have incorporated into the Sardinian army the flower of those volunteers. But it will appear that Garibaldi is mocked by Napoleon as by Victor Emanuel. By the aid of an oath, which gives him a flag to cover his merchandise, he has been right before him, enkindling all the spirits by promises which he makes rather in the name of Maz than in the name of the empire, and with- out losing sight of the Alps, where very certainly the Austrians would not have been = enga, 4 with him in a war of prrtizans. The: fend him the project of revolution® izing the Lombard Bt peice against Austrian domination, of assembling all men capable of bear- ing arms, and having nothing to lose; in short, of profiting by the first general engagement between the two armies to endeayor to arrive before Napo- Jeon at Milan. THE SWISS MOVEMENTS. In the meantime, it appears very evident that to cut off the retreat of the volunteers the Austrians should push on towards the canton of the Ticino, to the north of the Lago Maggiore. The Swiss Federal Council, which knows how to make its neutrality respected under all circumstances, has hastened to send Colonel. Bontemps at the head of a division, which is established before Luguano. His'mission is to watch over the integrity of the territory of the country by an efficacious defence of the frontiers against all armed troops that might attempt tu force a paseage. His role is to fortify the positions, to disarm ea 4 and individuals who might enter armed upon the territory ,to keep an attentive eye regarding all aggression of the belligereut art , and to prevent, in case it should occnr, the sortie of organized bodies with the view of lendin; ajd to either one or other of those armies. Ani with the view of facilitating the mission of Col. Bontemps, the Federal Counsel has resolved to send all refugees into the cantons of the centre. ‘THE POLITICAL HORIZON. It is not without interest to cast a glance over the political ‘horizon, which darkeus every day. Those who counted on the neutrality of Germany restrained by Prussia, on the efforts of England to cireumeeribe the war in Italy, to prevent, Lom- bardo-Venetian question from setting fire to all Enrope, have commenced to review their sweet illusions. The death of the King of Naples, the de- arture of Kossuth for Genoa, the an reyo- lution, the ee of an Austrian army in the Tyrol, the change which seems to have operated in Russian policy, alarming the growing progress and menacing the revolutionary spirit—all these facts and all these causes have still more added to the complications of an already difficult position. THE NRW KING OF NAPLES. With the exception of France and Piedmont, the great Powers have already recognized the new King of Naples. Scarcely having ascended his throne, the young Prince, a nephew of Victor Emanuel, has declared that in view of the ocenr- rences in progress in the north of Italy, he would preserve neutrality. That is the only attitude that belongs to an Italian prineo. Prudence ought never to mislead Percy nr patriotism prudence. Francis Il. has reasops a thousand times to snspeet Louis Napoleon, who amuses peo- ple with beautiful oaths and pompous promises, and he has good reason for not marching against Piedmont, so as to save the world from witnessing the spectacle of brothers cutting the throats one of the other. The neutrality of the King of Naples also confounds all the projects ef the Emperor of the French, and goes against the ambition of Prince Napoleon, of whose disembarkation at Livourne nothing more has been explained in his Hse tinee than that he was not in search of a ingdom. And now hear the Prince Napoleon speaking in his tarn:— Ox Boarp THe Ree Horresz, Lavove, May 23, 1859. } Innaprrante oF TUSCANY: — Tue Emperor ends me to your country, on the de. wand of your repretentatives, to assift in the war against your enemi e oppressors of Italy. My wiseion is exclusively military. I bave nothing to do with your interior organization, nor shall I occupy myseif about it. Nepoleon Ill. has declared that he had but one ambition—that of obtaining the triumph of @ sacrod cauge—the delivery of a people, aod that he ehould never be influenced by family interests, He has said further that the only object of France, sativded with ker power, is to have on her frontiers « friendly People, who owe to her thelr regeneration. Should the AB ADy meoetee and give us victory, Italy will consiitute herself freely, and by counting in future amongst other nations will guarantee the cquilibrium of Garope. Think, then, that there ia no sacrifice too great when iodependence is the price of your effurta, Show to the world by Lag i and your Deaian ke Sa aa by jOUr Energy. you are worthy of tha y. a i ‘NAPOLEON (Jerome), Prince, Commander-in-Chief of the Fifth corps of the army of italy. REASONS FOR SENDING PRINCH NAPOLEON TO THR WARS. It is true, that if we are to believefNapoleon II., he only sent his Imperial cousin to prosecute the war in Tuscany against the oppressors of Italy, so as not to leave him to dance attendance at Paris. Will be be long permitted to mock the nations with that impndence? Let us add, on the other hand, that the neutrality of Francis If. admirably serves the Austrian policy, and seconds the views of the policy of England. THE DEPARTURE OF KOsstrH. Another fact, to which we must call the serious attention of our readers, is the departure of Kos- suth for Genoa—of Kossuth who has affirmed French tendencies—of Kossuth who burns incense in the nose of the last of Bonapartes—of Kossuth who is revolutionizing Hungary for the profit of the greatest enemy which liberty has in Europe. The great agitator very badly chooses his moment for reviving the Hungarian question for the liberation his country. Doubtless we esteem the men who have been made illustrious by patriotism, and who have sacrificed all to their fellow-citizens—family, fortune, happiness. But those sacrifices them- selves do not give them them the right of wishing to lose, by excess of hatred. the cause of which they are the defenders. Yet, in better times, when the Continent will not be any more threatened by the ambition of a despot with- out honor, without conscience, and without genius, when France shall have reascended to the level of free and civilized nations, Kossuth might arise and appeal to the independence of Hungary and of the world at the proper time; but at present, when he has no more than one enemy to bring to the earth— Louis Napoleon—he badly serves the canse of which he is the champion in allying himself with the enemies of Austria. THE REVOLUTION IN TUSCANY. As regards the revolution in Tuscany, ft greatly embarrasses England inher position of a liberal to a on never be ane ne nick le of the sovereignty Of oples. rd Derby recog- isbonek: government installed at Flo- JULY 6, 1859.—TRIPLE SHEET. PATRIOTISM AGAINST POWER. In answer to these formidable armaments,France organizes an Army of the East, which had been al- ready spoken of as @ fiction, and which has al- r reached 120,000 men. But what coald these 120,600 men do against a nation ele by true pelriotiem, aud which can, as soon as they place elr foot on its beloved and fertile soil, raise at one moment a million of soldiers on the borders of the Rhine? It is trae when they speak of a Franco-Russian alliance; we have ourselves, in our last bulletin, believed it possible. But things have greatly changed. THE POLJCY OF RUSSIA. Ruesia, whose policy is to enfeeble and reduce Germany, would see with pleasure a union of Lombardy to Piedmont. But the Czar, who has a¢counts to arrange with Poland, is also the natural and necessary enemy of revolution. What did the cause of the Church’and of authority serve in 1848? Who suffocated victorious Hungary? Who was the Np ie of the French republ Jong before that? e Czar. But the Czar is justh larmed at the revolutionary character whicl events have taken in Italy; he is alarmed at ‘he presence of Garibaldi on the Ticino; he is alarmed at the menaces and the appeals of of Kossuth; he is alarmed at Mazzini’s mani- festations of joy. The Czar has, then, had a glimpse at the abyss. Austria immediately cleverly profited by hesitation; she sacrifices Buol, who dis- pleases, and after a thousand efforts she forced from the Cabinet of Vienna a hope of neutrality. It is at least what is said on all sides. BACKWARD TENDENCY OF FRENCH POLIOY. In short, French policy loses ground every day on the Contineut. Nothing has occurred in Ger- mary which resembles a reaction. Neither Eng- land nor Russia leave themselves to be dragged into war, nor Prussia nor Germany’ to observe neutrality. God grant that France, the expiatory victim of the horrors of the empire, may not be spvaded a second time. She would have to pay dear for her Chauvinism and her incomprebensible worship for the system of the 2d of December, because it is upon her back that they will fight the nephew of the great man to teach him to respect nationalities, and to find in the homes of other people a cow and a patriotism of which he believes he has the monopoly. COUNT GYULAI'S REPORT. The latest intelligence of the week is of a cha- racter to excite the most lively interest. We have at first the officiak ‘report of Field Marshal Count Gyulai on the i of Montebello, which exactly confirms the opinions which we had formed of ‘this affair at a time when all the journals of the empire chaunt- ed victory in every tone, and some possessed the impudence evento be bold enough to maintain that 2,500 French had beaten 15,000 Austrians. It is very true, in effect, that the offensive mancuvre of General Stadion bad no other view but to cover a retreat—that that movement was executed ac- cording to all rules, and if there was a Te Deum to be sung for that affair it could not be at the church of Notre Dame at Paris. GENERAL STADION’S TACTICS. The tactics of the Austrian general consisted in possessing himself of Cas‘eggio and Montebello, with the end of baying a base for menacing Vog- era and forcing the enemy to show all his forces, £0 that he could not take them to another point. STADION’S GENERALSHIP AND GYULAI'S CANDOR. It is now known with what aimirable precision that mancuvre was excuted, but General Gyulai does not dissimulate as to what was the cost of the success of General Stadion. The list of dead and wounded which is annexed to the report presents a total figure of 718 wounded, 294 killed and 283 missing. In the number of wounded is General Braum and twenty-four officers; eleven subaltern officers are killed and four are noted as missing. The combatants included in that last category are evidently the prisoners made at Casteggio, who have been sent to the French general's quarters, NUMBERS OF THK FRENCH. It will be observed that the Austrian Field Mar- shal positively averages the number of combatants of the enemy at 40,000 against which the division of Stadion had to fight. The French troops which have been under fire are Sonponet of twelve regi- ments of infantry, some battalions of chasseurs, and ‘a regiment of cavalry. The Piedmontese had fur- nivhed a brigade and the regiment of Novara. THR PORTION OF STRADELLA, ‘The essential result of the affair of Montebello is that the Austrians have secured the position of Stradella, of which we have not heard any- thing of importance till now. It is that position which General Bonaparte occupied in the campaign of 1800 with the body of the French army, while the Allies very nearly find themselves in the position of Genera] Melas. There is this dif- ference only—that in 1800 the Austrian army was isolated, and without any serious position to support them in Piedmont, while the French army oF to- day has a solid base of operations. GARIBALDI AGAIN. We learn also that Garibaldi does not remain in- active. He is baricaded in that Jatter village; he has defended it with a courage worthy of a better cause, and, after a desperate combat, which bears high testimony to the agility of the Austrian soldier, the celebrated adventurer has been left master o! the felt yf battle. Yot it will perhaps be axtonish- ing to know that with 6,000 or 6.000 men he has carried himself into the heart of Lombardy far from the allies, and it may be said in the midst of Guylai’s army; but everything is explained by the following proclamation circulated everywhere, even in Milan, and which caght to determino a powerful insurrection in Lombardy, at the same time that it increases the number of Italian volunteers:— PROCLAMATION. Cimzzxs—All young men who can carry a musket are called onto join the tri color banner. Nd one would wish to be preeent inactive and unarmed in the holy war; no ene will be obliged to one day confers #ith a blush that he took ro part in it. This is the hour and the moment to stow that you conot utter falsehood when you spsak of your batred for Austria. To arms,then! No sacrifice can be tco great, since we are of that generation which will have accomplished the work ¢f Italian tndependence. GARIBALDL PROBABLE EFFECTS OF THE PROCLAMATION. This proclamation, which evidently resembles all those of the same nature, seems to us to be well calculated to urge on to insurrection a people ex- cited by the revoJutionary current. Itis from the violence in the language—it is from the exag- geration in the patriotism. We do not admit that any one shonld cry out in the presence of an enemy whose bravery is not ques- tioned, and who after all places his right on treaties signed long ago by the whole of Europe: joever can sezie an arm and seizes it notisatraitor!” 1s it like that calmness—is it like that generosity of the great citizens of ancient Rome, whose remembrance Garibaldi and all the republicans of Italy invoke without ceasing. These appeals to assassination badly conform to the man- ners of our century. The pro-consuls of Robes- ierre themselves felt it; and the first and only Bonaparte was never’ seen to abandon himself to these vain threats, which would be ridiculous were they not odjous. Napoleon if himself was never scen to abandon himself to these vain threats, which would be ridiculous were they not odious, Na- poleon III, himself would"never dictate a proclame- tion like that of which we speak. UNDOUBTED ADVANTAGE OF GARIBALDI. Whatever he may be, the combat of Varese has turned to the advantage of Garibaldi. The repub- Hican Pweg whose military talent is known, has immediately profitted by that sort of victory and bas advanced npon Como. COMO DESCRIBED. Como is a frontier city of Lombardy, situate about eight leagues from Milan, and at a point south of the lake which bears its name. It is one of the most important positions in Upper Lombar- dy. Como communicates with Milan by a railway. THE CONFLICT AT COMO. Garibaldi having encountered the Austrians be- fore that city he attacked them with great fury. It was then a struggle of giants. The combat, accord- ing to the last despatches, lasted eight hours. Af- ter a heroic and Po ag resistance the troops of Gyulai were compelled to yield. Man ee of artillery and some prisoners fell into the hands of the Italians, who some hours after entered Como amid the frenzied applause of the population. The Austrians retired upon Monza. REINFORCEMENTS FOR GARIBALDI. It is asserted that Garibaldi is about to receive a reinforcement of several pieces of artillery. It even seems that General Niel is marching to his aid. Everything is to know how these two captains will act to secure their junction. The French, if they wish to come to Ga ribaldi, must necessarily cross the Ticino with the boldness which has so well served the famous ad- venturer. CONTRAST OF THE CONFLICTS OF COMO AND VARESE ‘WItH FRENCH WARFARE. The two feats of arms of Varese and Como singu- larly contrast with the slowness of movement of nise the provi the’ Allies. While Louis Napoleon promenades rence? at question is not resolved at this mo- | around Alessandria, visits fields of battle all full of ment in England, and we wait to give it a solution } glory for his uncle, passes in review troops which on the attitude of the French government of Prince } lounge Be; in their inectan; and Napoleon, and the turning which events on that | make eons at the » he advances side may take. Ve n suddenly turns back, no one GERMANY IN RELATION TO THE WAR. The presence of an Austrian army on the south of Germany would doubtless have a@ decisive inflnence on the resolutions, because that is neither more nor hess than eral war. The first division of the Landwehr has been calied under their banners in Prussia. Already the Landwehr of Berlin is armed and equipped; more, the military committee has granted the motion of Hanover to mobilize the tederal contingent, and the proposition will be made to the Germanic Diet. In short, if the German Peat are to be believed, that which is very significant is that the Rhenish part of Bavaria “is to be covered by an army of 30,000 men. Sk Si ai eS tle BSS PE 8 APSE Re RIES RR TRATES ED EEE EOE TE EEE SEES SIDS See Ree ae aE Seine eS =~ * Lobe oF why. Garibaldi, who hides not his ambi- tion but his party, resolutely marches to encounter the Austrians, and, on coming up, it must be ac- knowledged, did them much injary. THE NORTHRAST OF LOMBARDY. Behold, then, the northeast of Lombardy invaded jn its turn, and we are going to see serious opera- tions begun, because it must not be lost sight of that until the present time the Allies have not been eucountered on any strategic line, To cross tho Ti- cino, at the point of the Lago Maggiore, in a monn- tainous country, where no other kind of war can be scarcely made than the war of partisans, to atl & country without defence and without iD valve in 8 styategical point of view, to cast himself up in Varese Como, are very bold bye g of arme—but these will not disturb the e) strange fea the Adds, the blowing upon Siradelis,ana the sloge of Pavia. bo al USTRIAN CONVEY: We will add that Ai She also descend in’ )onsessio! nt has no railways to Upper transport the allied troops to a threatened point. ARRIVAL, OF THE AUSTRIAN EMPEROR, Now that the Emperor Francis Joseph has aré rived on the field of battle, the war of the two Em- perors is commenced. The Italian cause will have nothing more than to see. IMPERIAL POLIOY—GABIBALDI IN ‘49. “He who yet has faith in the health of iely fol- lows me,” wrote Garibaldi on the 3d of July, ina proclamation to the people of Rome. have our hands stained with French blood; it is our ie which we will plunge into that of the Aus- rans.” GARIBALDI'S CONSISTENCY. Garibaldi, then, remains consistent with himself. That which he desired in 1849 he still wishes; he de- sires to plunge the arms of Italy into the blood of the Austrians. There is only this difference in the present case—that in 1849 Garibaldi had his hands stained with French blood, because the French republic constrained him to respect the treaties of 1815, while to-day Napoleon If, the subduer of the republic, tes his army with the cause of condottieri (bandits) to wipe out of history all the Lomiliations inflicted on the name of Bonaparte by the will of Europe. NAPOLKON WISHES NEW EUROPEAN TIE ATTES, Tn fact, is it not clear enough at thisday that what Napoleon desires is nothing but the revision of the treaties which have secured peace to Europe in maintaining the equilibriam of nationalities? wa do notre: weal cipal od has Pay the jenese c' jer of Massa and in Tuscany. At Masse the emissaries of the empire, covering the eagle of Led with the constitutional flag of the King Victor Emanuel, have incorporated the principality with the kingdom of Sardinia by pro- clamation. It was necessary to make war there, or a declaration of war, for the ferocious beasts do not parley with their prey as in the fable, but tear the treaties from one corner to the other, so a3 to pars them in two, as they wish to do to. Italy her- self. PRINCE KAPOLEON IN TUSCANY. Jn Tuscany, under the pretext that he was not charged with anything but a military mission, Prince Napoleon is gone to assume, always by a Sardinian commissioner, the command of the army. Tuscany, however, was not at war with any one, and it was at least beat that she should remain neutral. But it was known in France trom the 2d of December what they were able to do to assist the army, and it was intended to chase the Grand Duke, with the Tuscan army which had sworn an oath of fidelity to him. Unfortunately, the Grand Duke does not wish to abdicate, and one cannot see that the Powers guaranteeing respect for nationalities will be dtsposed to recognise the new revolutionary overnment. It istruc that that will not prevent the imperial cousin, if the Austrians, concentrated in force at Bobbio, should menace Genoa or Alessan- dria while all the allied forces should be engaged “on the Po or on the Mincio—that would not prevent the imperial cousin, we say, from opening a passage across the Duchy of Lucques, the Principalities of Masea, Carrera and the Duchy of Genoa, to try to overturn the operations of the imperial and royal troops. PRINCE NAPOLEON'S DUTY TO IIE POPE. Prince Napoleon, who presents to us the spectacie of a two-edged sword, would also do well, under such circumstances to take the road to Rome to place the Pope in safety. Nothing is wanted for that purpose but a word from Gen. Goyon, and this latter does his best to bring his Holiness to ask help from France. hh fact the agents of the French government have caused the following lamation to be widely circulated in the barracks of the Swiss soldiers—the following proclamation, whichis worthy of refiec- ti }on:— Soldiers of the foreign regiments! Austria, the sole cause of ovr slavery, is already encloeed in « circle by the invincible armies of 5 i F i ge that your enlis: with promises they have never perf victims—you are the inatru ments of brutal oppression. Recollect that you have been treaied, not as men, but as Drutes. Do not trust in your officers, who are actasied by the vileet motives, They would engage you in battle with ‘& people who agpire to conquer that which you enjoy in your own country. They would force you into an unjust ‘somtost by invoking the honor of your tag; but can there be honor where there is no justice? Moreover, what wii! t avail you to fight, since France ie with us? Follow, herefore, the example of your brothers, who, in 1848, ought gloriously beside us, and mixed their blood with ours in the boly cause of Italy. Soldiers, come, then, to ‘ts; we will receive you with open arme as brothers, ery- tog at the same time, ag live the soldiers of the foreign regiments! {taly forever! GARIBALD!'S REPUBLIC IN DANGER. Evidently, with stuiiar proclamations and the catechism of M. About assisting them, they have arrived at the point of setting fire to the ancient republic of Garibaldi; and what will result from it? itis this—that the Pope will be compelled to de- mand aa from General Goyon, that Prince Na- poleon will fly to Rome, shouting out the well known frait ae live liberty and Italian indepen- and that, in short, imitating in that the Emperor Charles the Fifth, his Imperial Highness will place his Holiness under the protection of France at the Chateau St. Ange, saying with the poet— Ha! thank God He ie in a sure place—he stops No person here! THE POPE UNDER FBENCH PROTECTION. Afterwards, if the formidable reaction of which we havea glimpee is not produced against the empire, the Pope will be brought back to “er poer ae the generous protection of France—and Pius the Ninth will see himself at Notre Dame obliged to consecrate Napoleon the Third Emperor of the French, King of the Romans and tector of Italy! Oh! liberty! how art thou blinded in the transports of thy revolts! PRINCE NAPOLEON'S ARMY. While waiting for the occurrences which will permit him to take a part in the great comedy which is being played on the Po, Prince Napoleon is actively engaged in the formation of what in Tuscany also is called the National Army. and bears the name of Second Corps of Central Italy. Gi to them! As soon as yy are formed the re; ments of that army will receive a flag ornamented with the of Savoy. It will be sufficient for them to receive that mark of iste epee honor, to swear to be faithful to his Hol yal Majesty Victor Emanuel JI., as well as to his royal succes- sors, to observe faith: the statutes and the laws of the State, and to fulfil all the duties attached to the military office, with the only view of benefiting the king and the country.” No doubt this formal military oath carries with it the abnegation of his own will, passive obedience to hissuperiors, privations, sufferings, and perils; but what an honor also is it for the Tuscans to be- come Italians under the sceptre of Victor Emanuel Tl., and under the 5 ageownete of Napoleon! Is it a Tuscan which has not strength to make such sacrifices! “Whoever leaves our ranks,” cries the commander of the First regiment, in his proclama- tion—‘“better cowardice to-day, than treason to- morrow. 3y 1830 THESE THINGS NOT EXPECTED. Shovld they even have spoken in the name of Louis ane they would have been welcome; but who, in 1830, would have come to tell us these things—to us other sensible Belgians, who do not tn talc Ag to be dazzled by the fancies of the rain’ COMICAL POSITION OF PRINCE NAPOLEON. It must be said notwithstanding, so as to be just, that in view of the attitude taken by the Cabinets of Enrope, when they are face to face with the formidable revolution initiated by France, the posi- tion of Prince Napoleon becomes slightly comic. Tn fact, does he not seem to “be on the ground be- tween two. és ‘HB PRINCR ‘DANGBR. His Imperial Highness had for a long time com- bined against ‘Generals Ulloa and Klapka, the plans of a great movement which should embrace all Ita- *y, Montenegro, Servia, Hungary and the Danubian 4 ities. But the accomplices of the Prince Bave poe in all baste to Genoa—not only Ulloa and Klapka, but sll the chiefs of the revolution the reaction which to make ancude to make an: step done he sprig fee that It will fall into the hands of Garibaldi, and that Ii road of the Alps, would precede in turn of the Empire. a TBH RVENTS OF THE TIMMS RESUMED, But it is time to begin the relation of the occur rences of the week, if we wish to reserve a few lives for the heroes of the Italian revolution, whonr the despatches have OEE ato a ae —- cf d by turns, sei ol polme of the Homeliina, ot disarmed ped in flight ae ane GGRATHY. OF OARTBALDT TOGRAY! ALDI. Garibaldi was born at Nice in 1807. From his