The New York Herald Newspaper, June 3, 1856, Page 6

6 NEW YORK HERALD, TUESDAY, JUNE 3, 1856. NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNET®, PROPSICTOR axD EDITOR. QPvIOD K. W. CORNRE OF NASSAU AND FULTON STS, Fan uaity ‘HERALD 2 FT per annem. cone Der Copy, \. WEEKLY HERALD every Saturday, at 6% conte per , or o wm; he EB. a atitiom BA amen tO te gr crn he eran cine sce | Brito or BS to amy part of KTa'R Y CORRESPONDANCE, containing Snpart- net the workd—if used anid te obs arter 0) Bri pd or "age oe Powntan Conunarongens PaxTiULakLy KEQUSSTED TO SEAL 411 Seer ve AMUSKMENTS THI# BVEHING, BROADWAY YTHEATAK, Broadway—Tux Wirr~Lano Mn Five SaILLincs. GAADEN, Broadway—Youna HeNGLDR ON THR Mane Bore Zavnxk ip FLONA ROBERT aND BERTRAND BOWSRY THEATRE Bowery fue Mocwtsvesns—fue @rquiovs Mixosiry—Laven Wues You Uax BURTON THEATER, Obambers gies) Davip Corren- mmip—One Born. WALLACK’® THEATRE. HBroadway—Ros Ror—Fait Bizant Never Won Fam Lavy, AURA XEEN®’S VAR KTING Broadway—Jawe Cran, gam Onrnan or Lowoop- Ir Taxes Two TO MRKE 4 Sancian, BROADWAY VARIN" 9 Sronéway—Poor Prrit>0D- B—Toonies- sy ran Woop & Miusu Jove Nie JOMBDLAND, ‘WouDs MINSTRE: memesy—Tae Monn 444 Broadwey—BZrm@iorLaN Mim Us MonxKsY. 5 Brosdway—TAnuravx BY TH8 CELE EMPIRE Thoure—Sones by Map. Lovanyey, &0, peo (ues WUOKLAY’S HALL, 5% Brosdway—Dionama 0 mn oF BuNKES ut, ConrLaGaanion OF OHas teers Bar- ae. BUS! LDORF GALLERY, No. 497 Broadway—Varvanie Bower ses ap St1TCAkY—Mastyapom or Huss, &c. BBROOKLYN ATHEN.EUM, Brooktya ~Last Coxceat+ ‘ Map. Lacrance, L. M. Go’ ; New Work, Tuesday, Jane 3, 1956. Mails for Earope. MBWYORE HERALD—KDITION FOR BUROYE. Fhe Cunard mail steamsiip Canad ‘. Lang, will Mave Boston, on Wednesday, at noon, for Liverpool. ‘The Furopean maila will close ia this city at hali-past twro o'clock tis afternocn. The Gmnauy (printed in English and Froneh) will te published at ten o’clock in the morning. Single ocpica, ba wrappers, sxpence. Bubscriptions end advertisements for any edition of the Mire York Haar will bo received ut the following places fe Bares: a Am, & European Express Oo., U7 and 18 Cornhill, do. do, $ Place de ia Bourse. 7 Romford strect. vn — do. do. Baxreroor—John Hunter, 12 Exchange street, Hast. The contents of the Buropean dition of the Hsrau 9 embrace the news received by wai! and telegraph at Ghe s€ce Curing the previous woek, and to the hoar of paliics tion. ; The Democratic National Convention assembled at Cincinnati at noon yesterday, amid the roar of the Empire Club’s artillery. Col. Medary, of Ohio, was selected as temporary chairman. Committees en Credentials, Organization and Platform, were choren and the Convention adjourned till ten o'clock this morning. Of course these preliminary proceed- igs were not concluded without the usual uproar. Atone stage the Benton delegates from Missouri, who had been excluded from the hall, knocked @uwn the doorkeepers and forcibly gained admit. tance. Bowie knives and revolvers were drawn, to the infinite terror of all the peacefully disposed patriots present. No harm, however, resulted from ‘this demonstration. Gen. John E. Ward, ef Geor- gia, has been chosen by the Committee on Organi- zation Chairman of the Convention. The trouble among the Missouri and New York delegations had mot been adjusted up to a late hour last night. The bards and softs are to argue their cases before the committee to-day. The Bentonites will probably be Yejected. The excitement at Cincinnati is intense. Under the telegraphic head we give an account of formidable insurrection that broke out in Hayti, mear Aux Cayes, on the 10th ultimo, against the Emperor Solouqaue. The Sumner affair engaged the attention of Con gress yesterday, to the exclusion of other business. In the Senate a letter from Mr. Brooks was read, in which he disclaims any intention of offending against the privileges of that body. A resolution to adjourn fom Thursday to Monday was adopted, Im the Honse majority and minority reports were made by the investigating committee on the Sumner assault. apprised our readers on Friday morn- img last of the conclusions to which the committee had arrived. Our correspondents in Mexico city and at Vera Cruz, writing on the 19th and 22d of May, farnish gome very interesting facts with respect to the actual position of the Cathelic church in that eountry, and the relations which the Comonfort Cabinet maintains towards it. The entire people are firm believers in the doctrines of the Church ef Rome, but the people are so uneAncated and so Beglected, both as regards moral and religious training, that their faith has dwindled down to a mere observance of holidays and debauching fe tivals. In the meantime, the clergy roll in wealth, whilst the national treasi 3 bankrupt. To remedy this state of things ymonfort abrogated the special privileges of the priests, and has set his ministers to work at the framing of a new consti- tation, which will be liberal, in a political sense, and graut a full toleration to all religious forms of worship. It is hoped that the measure will promote ahealthy and enlightened system of immigation. The Bishop of Puebla had left Vera Cruz, on board of the French frigate France and Mexico, the cap- tain of which would land his lordship at Havana on receiving $1,000 for the service. The bishop is forty years of age, and has a fortune of 000, With an avnual income amounting to $30,000. Some changes hod Leen made in the Cabinet of Mexico. Miguel Tejaio is named Minister of Finance, and Don Juan Soto Minister of War. Senor Payno goes 98 Minister to Bruasels. Senor Aguela, one of Santa Anna's ministers, had been arrested and sent to Mexico city on trial. Flour was very scarce at Vera Cruz. We have files from Kingston (Jam.), to the 12th ult. The weather at Kingston was very unsettled, and in Trelawny parish the sugar yield would be very scant. Falmonth harbor had many large ves- sels in it. The Governor had inspected the Stam- ford copper mines. Several criminals had been panished, and some local elections held. The late heavy rains had done mach damage to the water works. Our files from Bermuda are to the 2th ult. The British steamer Medea, commander Pierse, had left for England. Alexander Ewing, Esq,, has been re- elected Speaker of the General Assembly. The Grand Jury of the island say in their last present Ment: it is manifest that the people generally are in @ progressively improving condition—owing no doubt to the facilities afforded for mental and moral culture—a large amount of intelligence being de- veloped and displayed by them. The races of the Royal Yacht Cinb had come off, when the boat Alarm Capt. Eiderton, 26th Cameronians, hore away the PiThe June session of the Common Conncil com Very little business of in A petition menced jast evening. terest was transacted in either Board. for an extension of the lease of the Crystal Palace Sivunds, or the purcha f the Palace by the city, was received by the Aldermen, and referred. The Councilmen appointed Messrs. Van Riper, Merritt, Hart, Collyer and Taylor a committ the resolut endering th to Mr. Fillmore on bk She Board of Snpervisars | 1 favor of paying McSpec e to carry out return port $2,644 50, inding books for the The propos 1 to reduce the City 4 feos for recording marr from ten to three cents, was referred. sles of cotte terday reached about 2,000 alee, he market ing drm, The heavy receipt j _ of breadataffs depressed two days about 33,000 bbla. of flour have reached market, chiefly by canal and the river, from Os- wego, 39,993 bushels of wheat and 17,910 bushels of corn. Flour was unsettled, and prices favored purchasers. Wheat and corn were both sold at lower rates. Pork was heavy, with sales of meas at $15, and email lots at $18 25. Sugars were qvite steady at Saturday's prices, with moderate sales. Lard continues quite firm. Transactions in coffee were checked by the public sale to come off to-day. | The stock of Rio in thia market is 58,220 bags, against about 30,000 at the eame time lust year. The supplies of some other kinds, however, are under those of last year. Freights to English ports were firm. To Liverpool grain was at 54d., in balk and begs, and flour chiefly at 26, Rosin, to London, at 2s, 6d., and flour at 2s. Our Relations with })ngland—Peace or War, The compulsory re.urement of Mr. Crampton from the British Embsssy at Washington, and the acceptance by us of Lord Clarendon’s dic- avowa), on behalf of hie government, of any intention to violate our isws, have at length definitely terminated the vexed enlistment controverey. That, indecd, ia now slwost an old question. However the proceeding on our part may be received, the main question, at least, has been disposed of. The only mat- ter of serious difference remaining between the two governments is that which arises, ia fact, out of the true constraction to be given the Clayton-Bulwer treaty, which, perhaps, has just been solved in Central America by Gen. Walker and his victories, That difference, if we regard alone the nomiral positions of the parties, we acknowledge is radical and serious. But in reality it is oniy a point of honor aa it stands; aod, accompanied as ihe affair has been by mutual expressions of suxiety to close the controversy in an amicable and accommo- dating spirit, cither by direct negotiation or by the reference of the iegue to the arbitration and decision of an umpire, we can see no cause for its being longer permitted to agitate and alarm the public mind of both conatries, After a good deal of diplomatic quipbling and delay we are at length put into poss:ssion of a @istinct proposition by her Majesty’s government, to make a reference of the dis- pute toa third Power. The attention of Lord Palmerston has been frequently called to the abject in Parliament, and he has on one or two occasions expressed @ hope that he would soon receive the answer of the American government. That answer is now to be found in the letter of Mr, Marcy, published a day or twoego. Mr. Marcy declines a reference of the general question, but submits a counter- proposition, that the relationship of the Bay Islands to Honduras shall be submitted to two competent individuals—men of science—who shall be qualified to decide that abstract poiat, The legal questions involved in the coustruc- tion of the treaty Mr. Marcy reserves tor nego tiation, to its parties, The suggestion of which reference ia pro- posed to individuals, we heartliy approve. Is is coming down from the stilts uson which go vernments heretofore have hobuled shout, aud proposes to place the matter in Ciflurenve, so far, in the hands of men qualitied to perform the services assigned them. It is difficult to perceive a rational objection to this course. Perhaps no class of men are so disqualified as sovereigns to enter into and give judgment up- on questions of the kind. It was Milton who said, “Kings, most commonly, though strong in legions, are weak at arguments, as they ever have been accustomed from their cradle to use their will only as their right hand, their reason always as their left.” But Mr. Marcy has contrived to tarnish a good suggestion by the limitationhe puts upon its practical application. What sense or pro priety was there in refusing to refer the whole matter in controversy? Was there a legal question involved? If so, why not secure its decision at once? Are we the only jadgva of law? Has Mr. Cushing reserved all the legal acumen and honesty to himself? Was it ne- ceeeary to retail the controversy, to give our subtle Attorney General a field for the exer- cise of his technical genius? It is a standing disgrace to the civilized world that England and the United Sta'ea— the two foremost nations in freedom, in trade, in all that can secure blessings to the human family—should thus higgle and quarrel about matters concerning which the people of the twocountries feel no possible interest. It ar gues little to the credit of their negotiators that they have contrived somehow to fish up from the dirty fools of diplomacy matters of continual dispute. So far, indeed, has this bastard work progressed—this decoy system of negotiation—that honorable and well dis posed men in both countries begin to feel that it has uo higher origin than that of stookjob- bing and fortune hunting. For instance, if we riddle the question about Central Ameriss—if we strike out the dignified twaddle of the secretaries and come down to the naked facts of the case—it will be found that England cares nota feather for her possessions there ; and that the people of the United States are abso- lutely indifferent to the whole matter, and for this obvious reason: that if any law is settled on this side of the water it is that popalation, and not governments, must control all future colonization—a law which the gallant General Walker is enforcing successfully in Central Americe. Colonization by governments in this direction, is an obsolete idea. It was well enough as an original movement, looking to the subjugation of a great continent occupied by hostile savages. In that sense it is histori- cal; but as@ practical praject of the present age, nothing can be more utopian, nothing more absurd. All this is well known in Eng- land: and if it is not received in this country as the eetiled law of our existence and progress, it is because the questions arising upon it have fallen into the hands of political mountebanks and traders. What, then, is the controversy which now ab- sorbe public attention in both countries, in re- gard to British occupation in Central Ame- rica’ The Clayton Bulwer treaty was nego- tiated. So it was; and a stupid work it was. It manufactured a legal question out of a enb- ject matter that might have afforded the politi- | cian on both sides an endless source of diplo matic verbiage; but it wes nothing more. We avowed the dogma of the Monroe doctrine» practical trath to be enforced by the energy airy of onr people—an expression of a alike by the curren g to our shores, by } progress evinced in the business and enterprice of our 9 by the triumph of Walker in rogua, the acknowledged pow { public” opinion everywhere ; but r pecific against E ropean coloniza- legal impediment or barrfer to an #8 prices, Within the past | be thrown up against the action of Euro- Gen. Walker's Suceesses—Glorious Prospects pean governments—it was the veriest trash ever engendered by politicians, Walker—the esueccretut Walker—alone embodies the Mon- roe doctrine, Well, now, her Majesty’s government has ac- tually updertaken the work of colonization. It has proved an uphill business; and her Minis- ters, anxious /o get out of the scrape, propose to refer the metrer iv dispute with ue—which in truth isan affair of Horduras alone—to the | decision of a friendly umpire. And how does Mr. Marcy answer this proposition? He offers to refer 4 geographical question, which ia in- volved im the construction of the Clayton treaty, to two competent scientific men. Waa ever before a good idea put to so miserable and pettifogging aservice? With no question of practical intereet before the disputants, the people on both sides aoxions to terminate xo fruitless and disgraceful a controversy, we ara compelled, ia the face of all the world, to be responsible for ench a puerile, testy, oontempti- ble effort to prolong the dispute. If we consider the utter barrenuess of the fubject matter about which we are contending with Ev» glend, it would not be too much to ex- pect the protest of other nations against its further continuance; thus disturbing the com- mercia) peace of the world by irritating strifes and jangies about that which, in the hands ot apy two rational and well disposed men, would be sestled in an hour. . DEPARTURE oF Mr. CRAMPTON AND THE Con- suLs.— Mr. Crampton, late British Minister near the Cabinet at Washington, and Mr. Anthony Barclay, the late British Consul at this port, (Messrs. Mathew and Rowecroft remaining for the present,) are to leave Boston to-morrow by the British steamer; having been civilly dismiss- ed by the federal government in consequence of their violation of the laws of the United States in regard to the enlistment of residents here to serve in foreign armies. A request for their recall was made sometime since on their go- vernment: but the request was not backed by the evidence that has since been collected by the State Department; and there is no reason to suppose that the British Cabinet was made fully aware of the state of the case. Since that request was despatched, new testimony has placed the guilt of the four officials beyond question. At the same time, the British go- vernment, relying perhaps in some measure on the inadequacy of the evidence which it had then before it, and placing too much faith in the protestations of the accused, refused to re- call them. Under these circumstances—though it is not to be doubted that the interests of both countries would have been better served by more straightforward dealing and less lawyer- ing and pettifogging both at Washington and at London—there was nothing left for the United States government but to give an earnest of its belief in the protestations of Lord Ciarendon, and of the sincerity of its wiek t keep the two nations united, by dis- missing the Minister whose conduct cannot be reconciled with Lord Clarendon’s despatch, except on the supposition that he rashly trans- cended his instructions, It will doubtless be an excellent thing for both countries, Mr. Crampton was a very re- spectable, amiable man; but his own govern” ment must Jong since have been satisfied of his upfitness for the station he held. Such mo- mentous interests as those of the two branches of the Anglo-Saxon race ought not to be en- trusted to the keeping of individuals who for- get to read despatches, and who are so sadly deficient in tact and propriety as to repeat ic their’ official despatches the newspaper scao- dals against the government to which they are accredited. Mr. Crampton was an atlaché to the British embasray at St. Petersburg, and a secretary at Washington under, Pakenham and Bulwer; and in these capacities he gained friends and credit; both of which he has con- tinued to lose since he became Minister. He had better be sent to Victoria. For the three Consuls who are also dis- missed, the feeling here is very sympathetic, though doubtless sympathy is the last thing they require, Both Mr. Barclay and Mr. Mh- thew were long and favorably known in the communities where they resided. They were men of high character, amiable disposition, and adequate capacity. The country would have been well pleased had the President al- lowed them to remain; though, unless the Bri- tish government behave very meanly and shabbily, they will be gainers by the change. Tuit Let Surt,—We perceive that the great libel case of Fry vs, Bennett has had another trial, and that the jury have rendere’ this time a verdict of six thousand dollars, ia- stead of ten thousand: thus saving the defend- ant four thousand dollars, According to the opinion of all the disinterested spectators of the trial, there was not the slightest cause, either in law or fact, to warrant such a verdict: on the contrary, they state that the evidence warranted a verdict for the defendant. In- deed, the case was so clear, and the enlighten. ed charge of the Judge so much to the point, that they express the greatest surprise at the obtuseness of the jury. They can only account for the verdict on the supposition that the jury were not acquainted with the rights and privileges of the press, or the respective merits of the par- ties to the case; that they were guided in giv- ing their verdict by the example of the former one; and that, understanding that was wrong, they struck off two-fifths, and followed it for the reat. They were not aware, of course, that the ridiculous verdict of the first jury was equally contrary to law and evidence, and is generally believed to have been the offspring of very improper efforts. Of course, measures have been taken for a new trial; and the case will be pursued until the liberty of the press and the privileges of theatrical criticism are established on a sound foundation, by the hip est legal tribunal of the State. Asan offset, we suppose the great libel case of Bennett va. Fry—a case of magnificent di- mensions——will soon come ‘off. The atrocious libel against Bennett, on which this case is based, waa written by Fry and published in the New York Tribune. On ita appearance, a sit was brought against the 77/7 anda verdict taken of fifty thousand dollars, whith now stands recorded against that journal; the proprietors bayiog abandoned all attempt to defend the libel they published t their cotemporary. We presume that the recollec- tion of this fifty thoueand dollar verdict, hang- | ing over the heads of the manager? of the 7/i- s may account for the calmness and phi | sophy and prudent silence they ion of the rece O- ave manifest, t 1 ver- 4 on the oees dict before Judge Oakley. of « anifeat Destiny” In sentral America. The late news from Nicaragua opens up a magpificent field of action for Gen. Walker and a most glorious prospect for “manifest des tiny” throughout the Central American and Mexican States and the neighboring istands of the sea. The “gray-eyed man,” eet forth in the prophecies of the native Indians as the conqueror and civilizer of those beautiful re- gions in and about Nicaragua, appears, indeed, to have dropped in among them; and they be lieve it. We are informed that they regard with a enperatitious reverence thie “gray-eyed man” ae their ‘man of destiny;” and his late astonishing successes over the superior forces and arms of the well disciplined Costa Ricans are well calculated to extend this conviction of “destiny,” even among the natives of Eu- ropean extraction. The forced and complete evacuation of Ni- caragua by the Costa Ricane will, in all pro bability, etand in the future hietory of Central America a landmark as conspicuous in its place, as Sobieeki’s defence of Central Europe against the Turas, or the expulsion of the Moors from Spain, or our own decisive Revolu- tionary day at Yorktown, or Waterloo, or any other of those great field or sea fights, from Marathon and Salamis down to this day, which have decided the fate of kingdoms, dynasties and races, and the m«rches or countermarches of civilization. And the map, too, of Central America—the “gray-eyed man” of the native Indian patriarchs—bids fair to make his mark asdeep and enduring in that quarter of our contixent as the work of an extensive and tho- rough political, commercial, religious and social revolution can make it. What his friends expect in his behalf may be gathered from the suggestive sentence in one of the letters from Nicara gua which we published yesterday, in which our correspondent declares that the speeches which have beem made in that couu- try, expressing hopes of seeing Gen. Walker before long as a United States Senator at Washington, “degrade both the man and hia grand future by the allusion.” The meaning of this “ grand future” which ig thus “ degraded” by the allusion to the an- nexation of Nicaragua to our Union, and the election of Gen. Walker to the United States Senate, is epparent to the naked eye. His destiny simply comprehends a higher and larger fiefd of operations; and his “ grand future,” as anticipated by his more enthusias- tic fellow soldiers, may perkaps extend to a great republican confederation, not limited to Nicaragua and the adjoining States, but em- bracing all of Central America, all of the existing republic of Mexico, and the contigu- ous islands, including Cuba and Hayti. And why not? Whatiethere to hinder it? Gen. Walker has at length secured « footing in Nicaragua, which may well call up some such splendid visions of his “grand future” as those which expanded the hopes and the genius of Napoleon after the brilliant suc- cesees of his first Italian campaign. Why not? There will be no lack of Anglo-Saxon volunteers for Walker as long as, with a few hundreé such men, he can vanqui:h by thou- sands hie deteriorated mixed Spanish and Indisn enemies. Why not? There will be no luck of suppijes as long as he can command the legitimate advantages of the Nicaragua California route. Why There will not be wanted the sinews of » While the Creoles of Cuba are looking to Gen. Walker with hopefal eyes, and while Gen. Goicouria, late the active head of wwe Cuban Junta of this city, occupies one of the most prominent, confidential and respon- sible positions, military, diplomatic and finan- cial, near the Nicaragua Commander-in-Chief. But what of England, France and Spain? Do they not already ‘‘smell a rat?” A Spanish equadron has lately been detached to Vera Cruz for purposes of observation—a French equadron, we understand, may be shortly e § pected to look into Greytown; and as for the English, they are always beating about the bush in that neighborhood. But why should England, France or Spain interfere with Wal: § er, a8 long, at least, as his operations shall be limited to the States of Central America and Mexico? Wecan imagine nothing more de- sirable to the commercial nations of the earth, including England and France, than the re- generation of Central America and Mexico upon the basis of our North American Anglo- Saxon race, and their institutions, energy and indomitable and world-embracing spirit of developement and enterprise. Give to the “North Americans,” as our people are called from Mexico southward—give to them, under an independent republican confederation, the control of the Mexican and Central American States, and ina very few years a momentum will be given to the commercial world scarce- ly surpassed by that of the gold mines of Cali- fornia and Australia combined. And why not? Who can limit the products of the Mexican silver mines, her cotton, sugar and coffee districts; or the richer coffee, chocolate, sugar and tobacco fields of Central America, and the wealth of the forests of all thes? re- gions in cabinet woods, dyestuffs, &ic., to say nothing of the gold and the caal mines kaowa to exist in various parte of Central America? What limit, we say, can be put to the traffic which our “North American” industry, ma- chinery and inventive genius would create in thore countries in a very few years? And in thege vast elements of trade would not England and France come in for their tull share? Why, then, should they interfere with Gen. Walker, at least as long as he does not interfere with their black protege, Soulouque, or their pro- tectorate over the island of Cuba’? The simple truth is, that the “grand future” foreshadowed for Gen. Walker comprehends a distribution of substantial advantages to the civilized world, through the medium of com- merce. As the gold of California has not only contributed to the substantial wealth, strength and prorperity of the United States, but hes added much to the eolid wealth of England, and much to the strength and prosperity of France, 20 would the developement of the com- mercial resources of Central Amerioa and Mexico be shared by England and France with ng, in the exact ratio of their augmented com- mercial exchanges, Gen, Walker, then, as the pioneer of Anglo Saxon enterprise in Central America, and asthe proper arbitrator of all euch perplexing entanglements as Monroe doc- trines and Clayton-Dulwer treaties, aud Mos quito Kiogs, is entitled to encouragomeut rather than restraint, from England and France. Commencing at the highway com- emercia) ore r of the Nicar jbes a mognifiggnt ypading mur {or of operations and his “grand future.” The prospect is that henceforth he will lack neither volunteer men nor volunteer contributions to aid him in hie great enterprise, In all those regions we have embraced in his programme, the Spanish-American hybrids have been tried, and tor all useful purposes, to themselves or to others, they have deplorably failed. The fine and luxuriant countries which they have wasted should be reclaimed. Improvement and developement are the law of the Creator and the spirit of theage. General Walkerand bis great echeme of political, social and re- ligious improvement and of commercial de- velopement, have the active sympathies of the American people. While he continues to be guided, therefore, by the dictates of magna bimity and justice, the true policy of England and France, if they cannot aid him, is to let him alone. Let him work out his problem, at all events, as long as good results to all con- cerned follow his movements, Mr. Scmver’s Sreecu.--We publish this morning the late speeches of Senators Butler and Sumner in fall, The reader will notice thatthe speech of the former contained no per- sonalities, no abuse of individuals; whereas the performance of the latter, which was much more rhetorical than statesmanlike, abounded with them. It is much to be regretted that Senator Sum- ner’s speech is a much more faithful type of the prevailing speeches and writing of politi- cians, both North and South, than Senator Butler’s, Neither in the press nor in the pub- lished speeches of the leaders of the nigger parties—the drivers and the worshippers —does there appear to be a spark of gentlemanly feeling, or gentleman)y principle. We alluded yesterday to the language of a Massachusetts anti-slavery meeting, to which this will per- fectly apply. It is equally applicable to the Southern politicians, whose language and manners have grown of late years extremely offensive. Their demeanor in Congress on va- rious occasions since the attack on John Quincy Adams for presenting a petition, has disgraced not only themeelves but the body of which they formed @ part, and the country at large. They seem, or rather some of them seem, to have lost all reserve or respect for decency or pro- priety. Only last year, Governor Wise, of Vir- ginie, called an editor all sorts of hard names because he presumed to have his speeches re- ported. And the language commonly used by the Southern journals, such asthe Richmond Enquirer and the Richmond Examiner, is coarse and upgentlemanly in the extreme. The ma- lignity of some.of these journals is such that they fall foul of their friends as often as their enemies; aseail persons who have stood up for them for a quarter of a century as violently ag those who never allude to them except to villity them; are as coarsely abusive of the New York Heraup as of the abolitionist or- gens, It need hardly be remarked that the die- graceful phenomenon is not peculiar to the South. Some Northern journals and Northern meetings far surpass the South in rowdyism and ungentlemanly language. And it is from this cause-that the halls of Congress are dis- graced by scenes of brutality and outrage, and that the course pursued by the leaders of par- ties is rendering the political profession be- neath the adoption ofany man of proper feel- ing or gentlemanly principle. Dr. Huyter’s CaaLuence To THe MepicaL Facunty or New Yorx.—The letter recently published in our columns by Dr. Hunter, chal- lenging the medical faculty of New York to a public controversy, through the medium of the newspapers, on the merits ofhis peculiar sys- tem of practice, as yet remains without an an- ewer. How is this? Is the medical profession the only one that shrinks from entering the arena of discussion in defence of its theories? Had the same provocation been addressed to the church or to the law, we should ere this have had hundreds of well primed disputants rushing into the ring. Are we to conclude that medicine is the only science which will not bear the light of investigation? Were the facts stated by Dr. Hunter merely conjectural, we apprehend that less hesitation would be shown in entering into a controversy with him. Men are rarely averse to the trouble of winning an easy victory. It is because the case that he makes out is demonstrable by data that cannot be refuted, and because the success of his practice places a vast body of evidence within his reach, that he finds no one disposed to take up the gauntlet that he has thrown down. No man, we will venture to say, in the whole annals of the profession, has ever introduced a more important in- novation on the old system of practice, or gained in a short space of time more converis to his opinions. Amongst these he has to reckon some of the faculty itself, forced to conviction by the proofs that daily fall under their observation, But the most incontroverti- ble evidence of the benefits conferred by Dr. Hanter’s mode of treatment in diseases of the lungs is to be found in the City Inspector’s re- port, By these documents it is shown that the diminution in the mortality from consumption during the last three months of the year 1855, 8 compared with the corresponding three months of 1853 and 1854, was nearly twenty- five per cent, Comparing the first quarter of the present year with the first three months of the years 1854 and 1855, the diminution is still more remarkable, amounting to more than 32 percent. Now, we know from the vast num- ber of cases treated and cures effected by Dr. Hunter during the periods referred to, that b's efforts contributed, if not to produce all, «t least the greater share of this improvement. The severity of the past winter would have in- creased instead of diminished the mortality arising from pulmonary diseases, had not there been some new and powerful counteracting in- fluence at work. Emboldened by these resulis, and having the most entire confidence in the inhalation ystem, Dr. Hunter now comes forward to challenge the faculty to a fair and open inves- tigation of bis theories. He says, and says truly, that it is not right to confine the dis- cussion to medical journale, which are the mero exponenta of the interests and prejudices of particular individuals, societies or school, He ¢laims the whole public for his audience, and he leaves to them the decision of + merits of the controversy. Ja order tla there shall be no mistake as to the ies raised, he claves them under the four follow. ing heads :— Lt, That medicines, when inhaled ny when Ko onnsed by facte Known and recorded ‘ weet euthoritien in the profession, ty the ith and lastly. Tost the results of his practice show a tim of recoveries t yo bet ogee pref ‘98 not oni watrant but sdop- tion by the professicn. These propositions ere sufficiently definite, and the results are too precisely atated, not ta be easily controverted if unsound. It will not. do for the profession to evade them by the old cant of ite being beneath their dignity to en- ter into newspaper discussions. Every clase and interest ie now obliged to submit itself to this ordeal, and the popular faith in medical science is becoming so weak, from its desire to ebun investigation, that its professors will soom be glad to rush into priat to convince the world that the physician is not something more than a mere charlatan. In no other profession is the spirit of old fogyism so inveterate as in what is called the regular faculty. It conse- quently rests almost stationary, whilst in every other department of human knowledge we have evidences of progress. This state of things cannot last long. The homeopathists, with their simple and rational theories and easily di- gested pharmazopcia, are fast gaining on the physiolans of the old school. Between them and successful experimenters like Dr. Hunter, who: have emancipated themselves from the tram~- melas of routine, “the faculty” will soon be left without disciples. If they can show reason for the faith that is inthem, they would be con-- sulting their own interests to accept the chal- lenge that hae been given them, A Know Norma Nartrovat Councr.—Waat Dogs rr Mran?—The Know Nothings, North and South, we believe, hold as National Coun- cil in this city, commencing to-day. Who they are for, what they are after, and where they stand, we shall inform our readers in due sea- son. We kuow nothing at present of their plans or expectations. The important busi~ ness of the Presidential election will doubtlesa be the main question, but whether they will declare for Fillmore and Donelson in a sort of ratification of the Philage} phia fizzle, or atrike out for a new deal, it will be the solemn duty of the Council iteelf to determine. That in- tereating subject, accordingly, we leave to their cool deliberations with closed doors, We would modestly suggest, however, that as niggerism is the paramount question - of the day, they must show their hands upom the nigger questioa, or subside into hopelesa obscurity. They must declare whether they are for Fillmore and Donelson, inoluding the Fugitive Stave law and the hundred and odd niggers of tbe Major, or for a grand Northern Anti-Slavery Protestant Know Nothing combi- nation, like that of the new George Law move- ment, set apart for the 12th of Jane. Niggers are now all the rag:—niggeriam is the great iseue—this Counci], then, must pronounce it- self, one way or the other, upon niggeriam, or sink into hopeless oblivion. Its labors may end in another most inglorious fizzle; but let us live in hope. Possibly the Cincinnati Con- vention may bring them up with a round turn to something novel and exciting; so let us pa- tiently wait a day or two. “Rome was not built in a day.” Tux Specunative Movement iv Sucars— There has been for some time a movement go- ing on in sugars, both in London and‘in other prominent markets of the world. Like cotton, it is supposed that consumption has overtaken the productive availability of labor devoted to its culture. With the exception of Cuba, scarcely any other sugar growing country has augmented its supplies, while in some places, including the State of Louisiana, in this coun- try, the reports have exhibited decided indi- cations of diminished crops. It isreported, on the most reliable authori- ty, that the Merers. Rothchilds, of London: and Paris, have entered the eugar market. The same rumor also prevailed recently in Havana, It is known that this house have agents distri- buted all over the world where there is com- merce of importance. These agents are found in sugar growing countries as well as in other places. It is through these persons the house, it is said, has been enabled to obtaim reliable information as to the supply of the world. And then by ascertaining the amount required for consumption generally, more or less correct data could be obtained on whick to base a large speculative movement. By purchasing supplies when everything could be had cheapest, whether in Havana, Brazil, East Indies or elsewhere, they would be enabled, om an advance in prices, to realize large profits. To secure an operation in this movement, it ia likely they have had something to do with articles which have recently appeared in Lon- don papers, and in the Paris Constitutionnel, fa- voring the idea, which in itself may be more or less true,that the sugar crop of the world dur- ing the past year hasbeen ineufficiont to meet. the consumption of the world. Since the first of May, and especially since the unfavorable prospects of another crop in Louisiana have become known, prices have ateadily improved in this market; and sugars have beén high, both in Paris and London, during a good part of the winter and spring; and should they continue to be sustained, the house reported ta have engaged in purchasing largely cannot do- otherwise than make money. Their large capital and gredit may enable them to control, toa greater or less extent,. euch articles as sugar and coffee, but the valu~ able product of cotton would be above the reach or the grasp of a dozen houses of simi-- lar strength. The Steamship Falton. TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. In your notice of the departure of the Fulton, you rpeak of an explosion, and the soalding of the chief engi. cr, neither of which occurred. While the ship wae n port, Pirrson’s tubular condenser was applied, for the yurpose of wing fresh water in the boilers, The append- age was supposed to be complete, but, on the departure 1 the steamer, one of the pip7s waa found to leak air, which pee the vacuum, and it was th t beat to remove ¢) rm of jet pipe. and proceed with the old ondensers, which was done, There were no mecha ent for, but afew had remained oa board, to go with the ebip as far as the bar, and make sny adjustments that might be found necessary. It was one of these me- chanice=Mr. Pecker—who got scalded, (not danger- ourly,) by the overflow of the suifting valve, which always octurs when tho eng’ne is started. FB. W. SMITH, Resident Engineer, New Yonk, June 2, 1854, Personal Inteitigence, Samuel Cole, Keg , the Ohief Clerk of the Pencton Ba- roan, bas been *. of Sent Carolas, who hae o¢gings f days by « pain- eignation ot Captain Sa ch, asalatant jvartermasier and first ieutenant art » han been accep ed by the Presicect, to take effect May 31, 1860, Liev Frenc bee been appointed to the core of the Imperial wusrd,