The New York Herald Newspaper, December 23, 1855, Page 4

4 NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GURDON BENNETT, PROPR.EFOR AND EDITOR, BYFICE ¥. W. CORNER OF NASSAU AND FULTON 876.° AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—Kinc Cnanmixa— T9 Pauis axD BACK FoR £5. SEBLO'R GARDEN, Broadwoy—Govunsk1—Tum [sux oF Bynrvs—Mevina, BOWERY THRATRE, Bowery—Tux Curr Boy or tue Dar Bock—EGUESTHI ANISM. BORTON’S THEATRE, Chambers street—Tax Oxv Dutcu Govennon—Paise Prarences, ‘WALLACK’S TREATRE, Broadway—Warne THEKE’s 2 Wr Tunke’s A War-Po-ca-u0n-tas—Tue Secret. LAURA KEENB’S VARIETIES, Broadway—Two Can Paar at THAT Gawe—PRINCE CHARMING. WOOD’? MINSTRELS, 444 Broadway—Erniorian Prn- PORMANCEH. * BUCKLEY'S BURLESQUE OPERA HOUSB, 539 Broad- wag— Boum Orane ae ‘Neoao Monsraasy. AGA DEMY HALL, 663 Broadway—Ermiorts® Musica AND aaveconar SUTERTAIN MENTS, flew York, Sunday, December 23, 1855. The News. In the House of Representatives yesterday there were several mgnificant movements. A resolution that a plurality elect a Speaker was defeated by a very decisive vote, Mr. Perry, black republican, of Maine, offered a resolution that all debate cease un- til a Speaker be chosen, pending which the Honse adjourned. One of our correspondents states that Mr. Puller will, on Monday, withdraw from the con- teat. The action of his friends yesterday, in voting with the democrats upon the plurality question, cer- tainly exhibits a disposition on their part to coalesce with the supporters of the administration, at least 80 far as may be necessary to perfect the organiza- tion of the House. We may, therefore, look for some movement of importance on Monday. The New England Society celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of their organization by a festival at the Astor House last night, at which some five hun- dred of our most noted citizens participated. The orator of the society this year, Oliver Wendell Holmes, delivered a poem; end the poet, Rev. John Pierpont, made a speech in prose. Speeches were also made by Simeon Draper, the President; ex Recorder Tallmadge; George Ashmun, of Massa- chusetts; Rev. Dre. Lothrop and Farley, and others. Among thoce present were representatives from all the benevolent societies of the different nationali- ties having organizations in this city. Several in- teresting scenes occurred in this celebration of Fore- fathers’ Day, an account of which will he published ‘wm full in to-morrow’s Her arp. According to the official report of the City Inspec- tor there were 329 deaths in the city last week, name- hy, 67 men, 57 women, 106 boys and 99 girls, show- ing a decrease of 19 on the mortality of the week previous. There were ten deaths of bronchitis, 43 of consumption, 3 of congestion of the lungs, 14 of inflammation of the lungs, 5 of congestion of the brain, 6 of inflammation of the brain, 8 of disease of the heart, 4 of inflammation of the liver, 10 of drop- sy in the head, 9 of other dropsical complaints, 4 of asthma, 7 of typhus fever, 5 of palsy, 34 of conval- stons (infantile), 15 of croup, 9 of debility, 22 of scarlet fever, 2 of hooping cough, 6 of marzsmus Gnfantile), and 3 of smallpox. There were also 10 premature births, 30 cases of stillborn, and 10 deaths from violent causes. The following is the classifica- tion of diseases :—Bones, joints, &c., 2; brain and nerves, 70; generative organs, 5; heart and blood vessels, 16 ; lungs, throat, &c., 99; skin, &c., and eruptive fevers, 31; stillborn and premature births, 40; stomach, bowels and other digestive organs, 32 ; uncertain seat and general fevers, 28 ; urinary or- gwans, 2; old age, 5 ; unknown, 1. The nativity tabie gives 232 natives of the United States, 44 of Ireland, 28 of Germany, 8 of England, and the ba- Jance of various European countries. We give in another column the ruling of the Su- perior Court upon the legal points in the case of Senor Arangoiz, which involves the seventy thou- sand dollars, commissions upon the Mesilla Valley purchase money paid Mexico. The order of the special term of the court reducing defendant’s se- curity from $90,000 to $30,000, was affirmed. ‘The jury in the case of Charles Sprague, tried for the murder of Mre. Furty, by shooting, after having been locked up all night, were discharged yesterday morning, being unable to agree upon a verdict. The jurors are understood to have stovd eight for man- Slaughter in the third degree and four for man- slaughter in the fourth degree. Another trial will be hed. The case of Mr. Matsell, Chief of Police, came vp before the Police Commissioners yesterday, but was postponed until next Saturday, Mr. Sturtevant, one of the complainants, not being ready to proceed with the investigation. On the first page of to-day’s paper we publish an ‘wteresting letter from Captain Gray, of the steam- ship Crescent City, giving the particular@of the loss of that vessel, a brief account only of which, receiv- ed by telegraph, has heretofore appeared. Governor Clark has appointed Howard Townsend, M. D., of Albany, Trustee of the State Lunatic Asy- dam, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of Theodoric Romeyn Beck, deceased. Sales of cotton yesterday reached about 1,000 a 1,200 bales, the market closing firm. Flour closed with firmer feeling, and at about $5 25 for common State. Howard street sold at $9, and Ohio extra at $8 50 a $8 874. Wheat was without change of moment, while sales were moderate. Corn was dull and low- er, and Western mixed at 9%1e.a93c. Rye was steady, with a good export demand. Pork was sold chiefly at $20 for mess, with light transactions. Beef was inactive. Lard was unchanged. Coffee was firm, with light sales. The inclemency of the weather checked sales in sugars, which, however, continued firm. Molaases were also in good demand, both on the spot and to arrive. A purchase was made to arrive at 480. Freights were steady, with moderate engagements. No Sevr Houses is Winrer--We are glad 40 believe that there will be no occasion for the revival of the charitable institutions knowo as soup-honees, during the present winter. The eausee which made them a necessity last year have been bappily removed. The falling off ef one-half in the foreign immigration—the abundant harvest——the low price of potatoes— the considerable reduction in the price of meats -~the demand for labor, which is a consequence of renewed prosperty—ail act as causes to pre- vent the misery and destitution which existed bere a year ago, and which were so promptly met and alleviated by our munificent citizens. New York city, with all ite faults, is eminently charitable, and this covers a maititade of sins. Let us thank heaven that there is no prospect of a repetition of the melancholy scenes of the “hard times” last winter. Iumtoration TO Nicaraova—The Transit Cowpany haying lowered the price of passage to twenty dollars, large numbers of mechanics and agriculturists are preparing to immigrate to Nicara; and the present is a most favora- dle sea snch a movement. We publish, im another column, the decree issued by the government of Nicaragua in relation to immi- gration, which grants two bundred and forty acres of land to each actual settler; and we un- derstand that special facilities will be offered to North Americane. It is a splendid country, and only needs alittle Yankee enterprise to ake it great among the Powers of the earth, NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1855. Mexico—Past, Present and Future. When the Priest Hidalgo raised the standard of revolt in Mexico, the country was not flour- ishing, certainly; but considering the govern- ment under which it groaned, it was not strik- ingly backward. Under a colonial system of the worst kind of protection, which excluded foreign enterprise, foreign capital and foreign labor from the State; bound the people to pur- chase all they required from Spain, and includ- ed in the list of “enumerated articles” every- thing that industry could produce or habits of comfort require; fostered the establishment of a hierarchy gorged with the fat of the land, and absolutely denied to the Creoles the right to engage in the only occupations which could have rendered the advancement of the coun- try certain and stable—under this intolera- ble system, we say, Mexico was not crushed: her unbounded resources, her glorious climate enabled her to surmount all. She had indeed at that time as many inhabitants as she has now. Her territory was twice as large. With- in the last few years the product of the mines had fallen off in consequence of the political troubles of the mother country; buteven with this drawback, the old figure—$24,000,000 a year—was nearly reached. Despite the pro- hibitory laws of Spain, the aanual. produce of the factories equalled three-fourths of what it does now. The revolution was effected. Monk Morelos succeeded Priest Hidalgo, and for ten years the old contest—the people against the aristo- cracy—common sense against privilege—na- tive born Creole against foreign born Spaniard ~—occupied the whole thoughts of the nation. At last the people were crushed, and the old blighting Spanish colonial despotism was about to be re-established, when the apostacy and ambition of Iturbide turned the tide. He was a host in himself, and it was but natural that he should have a trial as Augustin Primero. He lasted a year all but seven days, during which Mexico visibly retrograded. Insurrec- tion filled the minds of the people of the north ——the southern provinces were still seats of war. The federal republic succeeded. It found many of the best mines full of water, and seve- ral of the most productive manufactories abandoned. The revenue had declined from twenty millions to about seven, though the excise and alcabala were stil) preserved in all their oppressive rigor. The debt was at this time $72,110,112, To pass over minor personal revolutions, the federal republic lasted till 1835,whenit was su- perseded by the central republic. Under sway of the former, the resources and industry of the country had continued to decline, in con- sequence of the perpetual strife among the va- rious political leaders. Money had, however, been obtained from abroad,and in consequence of the annexation of Yucatan the territory of the republic had actually increased. The very next year, however, Mexico lost Texas, amounting in extent to one-eighth her whole territory. New revolutions and wars ra- vaged her trade and industry. Her mines, which had so long been the support of her princely families, passed into the haads of fo- reigners, and began’to yield as before. Then Yucatan broke off from the republic ; and more political strife ensuing, and the fo- reign creditors pressing hard for payment, a new revolution raised Santa Anna to the throne as dictator. The dictatorship made way for a central republic again, and the central repub- lic for a federal republic; and amid all the confusion and uncertainty of these changes came the war with the United States, resulting in the loss to Mexico of one-third her remain- ing territory. She was paid for it, it is true; but she lost it, nevertheless, Then followed years of distress, doubt and uncertainty. The forms of a republic were maintained without its reality; democratic in- stitutions were attempted to be founded under the shade of a grasping theocracy; politicians babbled the words freedom and popular rights when the government was the tool of pretori- ans; there was a spasmodic endeavor to resusci- tate industry and trade under a system of com- mercial legislation framed expressly to extin- guish it, When Santa Anna left power, the reve- nue of the State may be set down in round num- bers at eight and the expenditures at twelve mil- lions a year; leaving a certain deficit of four millions, instead of the old surplus of ten. The trade with the United States had declined since 1835 in the following proportions:-- Imports, Exports. 9,029, 221 $9,400,440 3,558,824 2,107,985 The debt had increased from a trifle over $75,000,000 to $133,524,242, The population had diminished nearly a million. The territo- ry had diminished over half, as is seen from the following table:— Sp. Miler. Territory of Mexico in 18: seeaee 1,676,640 Loses —1855—Texas.. if 1848—New Mexico, & 1854—Ter: 784,500 Present territory of M@xio0........seceseeee 802,140 Such is the past. For the present, we find that the reigning government has just consum- mated the abolition of the /ueros—-those old ec- clesiastical tribunals which ia old Spain were the protectors of liberty, and in new Spain have proved themselves the allies of despotism in every ease save in 1811. We likewise hear that the clergy are rising in rebellion against this interference with their privileges—that they are rousing the peasants far and wide — that thorough distrust of the government has already been inspired by them in several Provinces—that the laws are, as usual, re- laxed, and robbery and murder are once more common on the high road. These phenomena are criteria of the whole condition of Mexico. It is impossible for Alvarez and his friends to consolidate any species of civil government without destroying the consecrated despotism of the clergy. The latter has been a perpe tual stumbling block in the way of legislators; it must be overthrown, or the task of govern- ing is impracticable. At the same time, it appears that the Mexican clergy are so tena- cious of their privileges, and the people socom- pletely under their control, that it is quite im- possible to assail the latter without provoking a rebellion, ang probably a revolution. Here is dead lock of the most complete kind. As to the futare. If any person will take the trouble to calculate how long it will take for the Anglo-Saxon emigrants to drive the Spaniards of Central America to the wall, and assume the actual possession as they have at present the authority in a portion of the coun- try. The problem is not easily solved ; but it may be safely said that the Americanization of the country will be far enough advanced in ten years to give a tone to its policy. Then @ pressure agains} tbe southerm frontier of Mexico will commence; the country will be squeezed between Anglo-Saxons on the north and Anglo-Saxons on the south, and it is not in the nature of things that they should resist successfully, When that time comes, it will not be forgotten here that the pecu- Nar character of the present tenants of the Mexican soil is such that they might, under the direction of Anglo-Saxons, be used to develope the natural resources of the country as well if not better than any other race. Properly guided, and serving a superior race, they would answer as well as negroes; it would doubtless recommend the annexation of Mexico to the mind of the North to know.that it need not necesearily become agave territory. Vital Statistics of the Unitea States and Great Britain—Overwhelming Testimony in be- half of our Free Institutions, There are matters in the report of the cen- sus of far greater interest than is to be found in the naked statement of the age and occapa- tion of those who are yearly numbered with the dead. There is life in peace, and death in war—there is life in production, in abundant supplies of food, and there is death in famine and starvation—there is life in the common comforts of home, and death in exposures and suffering—there is life in domestic tranquility, in individual competence, in education and en- lightenment, in sobriety ‘and industry ; and there is death in dependence, in ignorance, in contentions and strife; and the latter are en- tailed upon every community just in propor- ‘tion as it has neglected the means of education, political, moral and religious. Without intending to be egotistical, we can- not help referring to this subject in this way to explain what otherwise must be regarded as a most remarkable fact in connection with the mortality statistics of this and other countries, The deaths in the United States are about one anda half per cent; those of Great Britain about two and a quarter. Here is a difference so wide as at once to suggest the possibility of inaccuracy in the returns, and especially go as our fatherland has wholly. passed through, in the settlement of the country, precisely what we are in the midst of, and what is exposing our people to the most fatal diseases known to our climate. The whole valley of the Missis- sippi, and the vast plains of Ilinois and other Western States, have been regarded as the grave of the pioneer or the hospital of the laborer. Their rich soils, exposed to the sun, have set to fermentation and decomposed a vast amount of vegetable matter upon the sur- face, engendering a poisonous atmosphere, and producing disease and death. Whole districts of our widely extended agricultural fields have been made fairly to tremble by the shakes of their inhabitants, sometimes sinking entire communities in a single summer into the very depths of despair. Our seaboard and cities, reaching into every climate and exposed to disease by intercourse with all the world ; our great rivers and our countless railroads, by which European emi- gration, often of the lowest and filthiest classes, is transferred through the heart of our chief populations ; our proverbial carelessness and indifference in regard to quarantines, and in- deed to human life ; our endless boiler explo- sions and railway slaughters; our exposure up- on distant frontiers, without adequate medical advice, and often beyond the reach of sympa- thy—all these things conspire to lead one to believe that in the United States the per cent- age of deaths must be greater thanin any other country on the globe. That such is not the fact, and that the contrary to a remarkable extent is the case, is enough to put reflecting men upon inquiry. Human life ought to be the chief object of care and preservation, It is a great gift when united with the human mind, indicating at once the design of the giver, and imposing high obligations upon those who possess it, Is it not apparent—with all deference to the infinite reform projects of the day—the violent temperance and abolition movements, and all kindfed spasmodic devices to give prominence to individuals—that the edu- cation of the people, the cultivation of the mind, the enlightenment of the understanding, is the greatest preserver of human life? May We not look to its frnits as a conqnest nobler and more humane than to all other sources of progress? He who has had an introverted eye can tell us how want, present and prospective, has gnawed away at the vital powers, how it has emaciated the system, how it may have produced disease and death. The siatis- ticians proclaim the alarming fact that the whole independent weajth of Eag- land, Scotland and Wales is in less than fifty thousand families, or two hua- dred and fifty thousand people. The relation of landlord and tenant, in such a distribution of property, is not only obvious, but it tells cf avast abject dependence. It is the great curse of the British empire—a curse taking its rise in early conquests, surviving the introduction of the Magna Charta, perpetuated by the laws of primogenitare, sustaining the proadest aristo- cracy on the globe, entailing more igaorance and causing greater sacrifice of human life than war, pestilence and famine combined. From the centre of this aristocracy the American people are daily receiving lessons of humanity, and rebukes that we permit the institution of slavery to exist in the States. Her farmers— the tenants who till the soil—by the showing of her own writers, receive and use less than half the food consumed by her suspected and convicted thieves, and one-third less than is awarded to her panpers. To say nothing of the demoralizing effect of such a system, in thus offering a reward for the commission of crime—a resistless temptation to the hungry and the famishing~—what wonder isit, in such astate of things, that the per cen:- age of deaths in England is something over one-third more than in the United States?’ Why shou)d they not more than equal the disadvan- tagee attending life and labor in a new country life and labor employed by hardy, enterprising, independent men, to feed the starving millions on the other side of the water—millions made to want by ignorance imposed by ambitious rulers, by estates distributed to a few favored persons perpetuated by laws of their own making ? In connection with this subject that of our domestic slavery should be considered. It is folly to look for the cause of death otherwise than by considering, the peculiar condition of the people, Itis not to be found in climatesand iv occupations, but in the moral, religious and political attributes of mankind. There may be exceptions to this rule. Epidemics may pre- vail—other extraordinary canses may be assign- ed at particular periods; but the great moving power tbat carries off the human family ie to be found in the conditions to which we have re- ferred. The famine in Ireland was produced primarily by political causes, Its origin is to be seen in the laws of the kingdom—laws which have been long operating, moulding the mind and entailing fruits of ignorance, starvation and death. Political causes are a fruitfal source of disease. During the Reign of Ter- ror in France, cancers of the stomach became epidemic and carried off thousands, It is interesting to look to the returns of the census before us from Georgia, Alabama and Florida, central slave States, and altogether fair representatives of the members of the fed- eral Union, which recognise that institution. Their deaths are but a trifle over one per cent— something less than half the deaths in propor- tion to their inhabitants that are returned in England, about two-fifths less than in France, two-thirds less than in Russia, and about five- eighths lesa than in Prussia. If the preserva- tion of life is a test of the operation and effect of the educational, politica) and social systems of the world, and men are to be judged by the re- sults, we do not see how the philanthropist can complain of the relation of master and slave in the Southern States of the Union, under this showing. Nor does this militate at all against the hypothesis suggested, that education, moral in- struction, and independence are preservatives of life. In all these regards the slave popula- tion of the South are in advance of the popu- lations of Europe. There are no people whose minds are in more freedom—who are Jess re- quired to look to the future for sapport. The great proportion of deaths in the new States of the West over those just named, is readily accounted for in the fact that labor is there more exposed and much mofe severely taxed. The emigrant works alone, is exposed to every privation, and. often impairs his con- stitution. If we are permitted to refer to practical re- sults in connection with the views presented, it is seen that under our system, despite the un- favorable circumstances alluded to, the saving of human life has been, ‘aking England asa standard, in round numbers, two hundred and fifty thousand persons yearly, All this we at- tribute to the direct influence of our institu- tions, the moral and religious education of our people, their freedom, their competence, their abundant supplies of food—in ghort, to the general peace and contentment which so distin- guish our great central agricultural popula- - tions. If we descend to details, it is enough to re- fer to the history of Illinois, even, for the last ten years. Jt had been regarded as inaccessa- ble—its great interiors were buried beneath the richest soil and the most boundless capabilities of production that the world ever saw. Rail- roads haye brought them to the light, and sub- jected them to the hand of the cultivator. Illinois to-day is pressing her competitors, Ohio, Pennsylvania and New York, for the em- pire of production. In reaching her present proud position she has passed through her age of disease and death. Her army of laborers has drained her marshes, renovated her soils, acclimated her populations, and secured the comforts of home. To the philosopher, the patriot, and the true philanthropist, these census papers are full of encouragement and of hope. They speak loudly in behalf of the United States, vindi- cate, and almost consecrate, their policy and fruits, Tue Presipent’s Message —Wuar'’s In THE Wixp Now ?—The National Intelligencer, in com- menting upon the deplorable delay in the organization of the House of Representatives, says:— From the disclosures whish took place in the course of last month of the complicated state of onr relations with England, and the critical nature of unadjusted matters between the two governwents, there is room to infer that the pent up national exposé of the executive is of far more than ordivary importance; and during the in- ability of Congress to receive the communication ani to take ‘such cognizance as may be proper of our foreign affairs, the executive may, by the force of circumstances, be drifting into difficulties which the national legisla- lature, it mace aware of them, might enable them to avoid. The Very fact of the unurual and scrupulous care taken to keep the Message secret until it ix Ind Congress, strergthens the probability of its unusual portance. Itis, therefore, most earpestly to be hop» that the House will now put anend te the dle ceremony 00 which almost three weeks have been spent, and see to the stsie of public affairs. Much further delay may be fraught with the gravest consequences. The venerable editors from whom we make this quotation are remarkable for their pru- dence and caution. Seldom, indeed, are they caught by the idle ramors of the town; for they are so scrupulously vigilant upon this point, that they frequently suffer important facts to pass unnoticed into other channels, ia default of an official verification. When we find, therefore, the careful old gentlemen of the Intelligencer talking of the President’s Mes- sage as of “far more than ordinary impor- tance,” and expressing the fear that, from this delay in the organization of the House, “the Executive may, by the force of circumstances, (Crampton & Co.) be drifting into difficulties which the national legislature, if made aware of them, might enable him to avoid,” there is very apt to be something in it. Here we have, most likely, then, aclue to the extraordinary precautions adopted by Mr. Pierce to prevent this Message from getting out before the world before its delivery to Congress. Here we have an explanation of the printing of this Message in the White House. itis charged with salt- petre, sulphur and charcoal, There can be scarcely a doubt about it, when our cautious cotemporary, Father Gales, gets frightened. General Webb gays there is peace; but we are apprehensive now, sure enough, that there is a touch of Gortschakoff and saltpetre in this Message. Will there be war? Will saltpetre explode? Do give us the Speaker, and do give us the Message. Democrat, Know Nothing or black republican—anything is better than the further prolongation of this awful state of suspense. Where is our young friend with bis manuscript copy of the Message ? Movements or THE Back Repusiican Party, --We publish, in another part of this paper, the correspondence between the Black Repub- Ircan State Central Committee of Ohio, and Co). Cassius M. Clay, of Kentucky, upon the subject of a grand mass black republican gath- ering at Pittsburg, ou the 22d of February, and @ subsequent national convention of the party in reference to the practical business of the Presidential contest of 1856. Our readers will thus percieve that the Northern Holy Anti- Slavery Alliance is actively preparing ta take the field for the grand campaign, and witha remarkable degree of assurance and self-com- placency. We hope the occasion of the Know Nothing National Convention at Philadelphia, and this mass Black Republican Convention at Pittsburg on the same day, will bring our free soil Know Nothings and Know Nothing free soil- ers to a final decision as to the party and coa- vention to whieh they properly belong. Our Sorr Sueut. Democratic Stare Conven- mi0N—Its Pouicy Here anv at Cincinnati De- FINED.—We are to have a State Convention on the 10th of January of that wing of the de- mocracy known as the Van Buren Buffalo free soil administration faction. What they intend to do—how they propose to get overt he nig- ger question—how they expect to get into the great family gathering at Cincinnati—are questions which, till now, we have found it somewhat difficult to answer. At length, how- ever, the Albany Atlas comes to the rescue, and proposes a surrender to the hard shell test of the Nebraska bill, in a bit of special plead- ing of nearly two columns long. The pith of the plan of action proposed for the sake of democratic harmony and the spoils, is com- pressed into the following extracts. The Atas insists:— ‘That Congress has the right, under the constitution, to legislate for the Territories, democracy of this State consider fully settled by that fistrument, and the prac- tice of the government under it ever since its formation. ‘That it also has the power to delegate to the people of the Territories the Laas had I for themselves, is also gener: oo} \. wisdom of so doing is a matter of wide difference of opinion. As we have said, democracy of this State would unquestionably pre an adherence to the time-honored polic: of our fathers. “But? mark the “but’--.he terms of a sur- ender are always in the “but”—says ‘he Adas in continuation :— But inasmuch aé iv is a question of ex, , rather than constitutional "aad “2a, eat Jongress should exercise jurisdiction over Territories, or should con- ter ita powers upon the inhabitants thereof, we do not see why its decision, as a matter of party icy, may not te cer be referred to the arbitrament of the dele- ves in National Convention assembled, to be settled in the same manner that other questions of A tiie have been heretofore decided. What would be the verdict of the democracy of this State were the point submitted to them alone we can have no doubt. But ifa majority of the delegates from all the States shoud decide otherwise —if, with the example of anarchy in Kansas before their eyes as the first fruits of the new experiment, they de- termine to adhere to the policy rocently adopt do not see why the responsibility of future results not appropriately be left with that majority wno, in despite of past experience and present example, ignore the benefi- cent effects of the former, and invite a continuance of the prejudicial influences of the other. Reduced to plain English, this simply means that tile soft shell New York delegation to be appointed to Cincinnati by this State Conven- tion of the 10th of January, will be authorized to huzza for the Cincinnati platform, Nebraska bill, and all. For fear of any doubt, upon this point, the Atlas goes on to declare the fact in 80 many words:— And we have no hesitation in saying that if a majority ot the delegates in the Cincianati Convention shall, after mature deliberation, come to the conclusion that in re- gard to all future territorial organizations the question of slavery shall be left to the sole adjudication ot the set- tlers in such Territory, without interference either by Congress or the neighboring States, the democracy of New York would be willing to recognize such a disposi. tion of the question, leaving the responsibility of the reeults upon those by whom they are invoked, There is, however, to this explicit capitula- tion, a proviso which must not be overlooked: It is as follows: At the some time such abdication of jurisdiction in favor of the people of the Territories, must be fall and complete—there must be no reservations of the right under the constitution to carry slavery everywhere—2ut the prohibition of that institution by the people ot any Territory, must be @ full and conclusive baragainst i:s en- trance therein, under any pretext whatever. In addition, there must be a full and satisfactory assurance that the candidate nominated will protect, against all infcinge- ment, the sovereignty conveyed by Congress to the future Territories, before he will be entitled to the confidence and support of those who acquiesce in such a disposition of this vexed question. The meaning of this, we suppose, is, that neither Cass, nor Douglas, nor Dickinson, nor Bright, nor any of that set, will be ac- ceptable to the New York softs, under any cir- cumstances, They will bolt from Cincinnati as they bolted from Baltimore, rather than sub- mit to anything of the kind. In brief, the softs will sacrifice their principles, if the hards will sacrifice their men. That’s all. Wonder, if the softs will be accepted into the family taber- nacle at Cincinnati! Our readers are aware that Prince John Van Buren has thrown up his hand. Wonder if he will reconsider the mat- ter, and consent to play it out! Open weather for the season, very. THE LATEST NEWS. BY ELECTRIC AND PRINTING TELEGRAPHS, Toronto Railway Celebration. Toronto, Dec. 22, 1865. The delegates to the Toronto railroad celebration have returned to the States highly pleased with the demon. stration and their reception. it is snowing hard here. Murder Tria} at Albany. Aimayy, Deo. 22, 1855. ‘The ‘jary in the case of Win, MoCrossen, charged with the murder of Michael Brennard, at the Second ward polls in this ety, en the last election day, have returned a verdict cf not guilty. Explosion of Gas. Euzanerntowy, N. J., Dec, 22, 1855. cident cccurred this afternoon at the gas works , caused by one of the workmen going into ng house with » lighted candle, a large quan- tity of escaped gas being there confined. Tne explosion, which immediately followed, cemolished the building and seriously burned the workmen. Loss of the Brig F. W. Horn. Bostox, Deo. 22, 1855. Tke bark Jobn Curtis, Williams, master, arrived from Newport, reports on the 6th inst., in lat. 37 5z, lon. 68 fell te with the brig Frederick W. Horn, from Georgetown, %. C., for Kennebunk, in distress, having been diemasted fifteen days previously, and become waterlogged. The Jokn Curtis tock off the captain and crew and brought them here, They had subsisted on a quarter of a pound of raw pork each, per day. Arrival of the Augusta at Savannah, ‘| SAvANNAs, Dee. 22, 1856. The steamship Augusta, frdin New York, arrived below at 12 o'clock on Friday night, and at her wharfat 5 o'clock this morning. Markets. PHILADELPHIA STOCK BOARD. Prtapenrnia, Dec. 22, 1885. Gur stock market was dull this morning, at the follow- ing raves:—Pennsylvania State 5’, 8634; Reading Rail i, 4655: Long Island, 133g; Morris Cansl, 13; Penn- syivania Railroad. Iigence. intel ARRIVALS. At ihe Smihsonian House—W. W. Burtis, R. R. Ols, Yale College; Capt, Marcy, U, 8. U. 8, N.; Hoa. a, vay, Batavia; .T, Abraham, a: Hon. W. 8. Lee, Georgia; J. M. Fergerson, Phila- % Camps, Virginia, Marion—Gen Nye, Col Md Prom Charleston, in steamshi lists. Deeo kt Fields, J Tha? J LSoaw, F Robiasoa, FL Rowan, Mr Leibar,W M Habirshaw, A Crowell, Mr Walker, MreH Reymond, Mee EA West, D W Nye. G Goldeteta, lad: and five children, F J Harb, Mr stevenson. Miss L Coa b Bennett, J de La Motta, J U Me'gge, and 12 in steerage. From Savannah, in steamship Knoxville -W Wade, F Sith, Mise Albertine, F 8 Chantrau, © Ward. JW Nevity, 9 Ht Senith T Taylor, J Anchincloen and lady, J 8 Petrie acd lady, H Woodrut and lady, Mre H Somers, and 18in stesrage. From London, in ship Amazon—Chas Armstrong, of NYork; H Marshall, of London. Prom Livery ool, ir Amarica—Mona Demonter and 5 Fic Liverpool, in ahip be Witt Olintone-Atra Warrers DSPARTURES, or Norfolk, Petersb ‘Ki hmond, Janesiown—J T Gibbs, Downey,» 3 npranue, Mrs Meade and child, J West, R Lewis, Mio Hea: 9 jes Capt ion G » et Wanirewn, oF, Mlas Pa ry Wonsrui, J Mintora, ten, lady and servants adden, 4 tere Mr Grane, J 'S Baker, A Not, W Barass, Mins JA Par ‘. Moan, ‘Mise F Barnes, 8 'H Herbert, D Hankey, B Ryan, and ini £ ih, the steamebip Alsbama—D B Grant, EW Room 1s tries, Mew A fae 1 Bishop, lady cbilaren two :H Rowan, Mra EB Carter, four children and servant: Do Van Norman, AM Bnch, Mis KU Wapeten, D 1, TS Wapeiee, H Riesbein, Indy and child; Miss Scott, Mitchell, DS Faller, 8 Salter, Mias H'L Wood, J HH Lehville, A i Stoddard, 8M Moyo, and 39 ‘in the steernge. For Char eston, fn the steamship Southerner—¥ T Miller, R Goid' mith, Thos Houghsn, ‘Thos Phibbs, Mrs J D two ebiidrén and servant: Mien Powers, Miss Mary ‘Soarien, Mires Vanderwerken, Mra Palmer, WP Men sick ‘and lady, mGeo Darrow, Mr and Mrs Bafley, Thos Shunmen Her tua teceoneegiy crite whew oe 0 sn Bria romeroy pol, Mice Del OSS aecen’ Wd lasckey and lewer’d ie Mary FUR Wee tunstonn Pit Cone Gardiner end lady. ‘ 8, JH Clemens Miva W Creel, BYasbronek. Mt Howell nnd lady. M ton” nett, F& Warren, Mra i Bdmounds, W Gaskill, A T Morrison, TW Heron, © D Stith, M Rogers—and 97 in the toe For Preau, kt. 18 amer St. Lawrence lacion, FL Ph Por f inca Cabailelo, Mr Hernez, Mr Loum, Improvements In the City. THE GROWTH OF UP TOWN—PROGRESS AND CHANGES —NEW BUILDINGS. Since we commenced these articles upon real estate, some months ago, important changes have taken place and some progress has been made. Prices of first class lots have generally advanced during the last season, (six or eight months,) from $500 to $1,000, This, although: unexpected, is not unaccountable. It is difficult for most people to keep their ideas properly posted up, of the greatness, grandeur, wealth and gigantic progress of the city of New York. They are apt to think, if money is a little tight, stocks decline, crops are short, war con” tinues, or any one or more of a dozen similar causes are in operation—we say they are apt to think the wealtly, strength, greatness, and progress of New York must re- ceive a severe shock and possibly a permanent check. They look only upon one side. They forget that New York city is the algebraic expon@nt of the wealthy strength, greatness and power of the whole United) States. They forget that within the utmost gvogra. phical boundaries of this wonderful count:y, na new railread track can be laid, no new cznal ean be dug, no new mine can be opened, no freab acre of ground can be ploughed, no new ship can be launched, and not even @ log cabin can spring up beyond the mountains without each and all adding their contribution to the wealth, strength and greatness of the Empire City. New York is @ tree which will not fail to despatch a tecler, a sucker, a radical fibre toevery wealth-creating enter Prise, no matter what may be its charscter nor wheré may be its location. Nor is there any section of the country, and we might almost add, of the world, nor any- corporation in any section, but must either directly or indirectly bave an agent or an officer fully or partially employed and established in the city of New York. Aly these merchants, agents, officers, commissioners, attor- neys, trustees, &e., must have houses to live in, and families to feed and clothe. And in addi'ion to what Americans are doing within and by themselves, no smal? amount of foreign capital is constantly seeking invest- ment here and enriching our city, Even within the last ‘week or two, ground has been broken by foreign capita on Fifth avenue to the mark of probably $75,000 or $100, 000, And this is perhaps half what the same house had a few weeks since begun to expend in another part of the eity. We do not pretend to state figures and facts with any accuracy. It is enough for our purpose to state the fast as within our own knowledge, that a steady stream of foreign capital is constantly adding to the wealth, strength, and greatness of this city. There hag sprung up, too, in our midst, a class‘of powerful capital- ists, who, like capitalists in the Old World, prefer safety, security and punctuality in the matter of investments, to high rates of profit with doubt, fear, and risk. These capitalists, many of them widows, trustees of orphans, &e., eschew stocks, and invest in real estate. They argue that in any event, they will have, at least, some- thing to show for their moncy besides a bit of pictured paper, signed by some distinguished financier, living, perhaps, on the banks of the Rhine. Considerations like the above have had their weight in keeping up and advancing the price of real estate in this city. Other considerations have also had their effect. There are those who believe the Centra! park will © be confirmed and opened at an early day, and if s0, two great results will follow. One is, the number of lota- aveilable for building purposes on this island wil! be great- ly iminished, and consequently their value enhanced. The other is, the lots taken for the Park must be paid for. This will give the present holders several million dollars, which, it is no more than fair to presume, they will again prefer to re-invest in real estate. With the prospect of two or three millions to be invested in real estate, it is impossible that prices should decline. How much, if any, they should advance will depend upon several other questions which we will now stop neither to ask nor to answer. ze Another consideration tending to advanse the price of prime lots is to be found in the geographical structure of the island, The city can only expand upward—not Jaterally. Ana it so happens that the prospect above Murray Hill is not at present very inviting. Afver pass. ing Thirty-eighth street the ground begins to descend northerly, and people prefer a southerly to a northerly exposure. There are other objections, which we have alluded to in a former article, to the property above Forty-second street on the line of Fifth avenue. The coneequence is that those gentlemen who now want or who expect to want a first class lot within ten years, are inclined to meke.their selection in season. They prefer to pay a little moge for a location that suite them, than to buy for less than value in a location they do not like. With much reason they ask, what are afew bundred or even a thousand dollars in a house located to suit us? For it costs just as much to build on a four thoasand dollar Jot as it does on a six thousand dollar lot. Since our Jast article was written, Thirty-fourth st-eet has received some attention from bailders and capitalists. West of Broadway one or two houses ace going up on the north side, On the south side, and near Broadway, Mesers, Stewart & Smith, for Mr. Lawrencs, who, we are- informed, owns the adjoining corner, aro building four four story brown stone housts—14:9 and 15:3 by 46. ‘We had supposed the day for building narrow honsss had closed forever, but it seems there {s a sunse: sti} linger- ing in the west. Next to Dr. Townsend, on the wert, Mrs. Cashman’s + house is progressing, with a brown stone front towards the street and a brick side front towards Fifth avenaer and Dr. Ta brown stone rear and stable. Opposite, Mr. Jobn Jacob Astor is erecting a stable in the rear of his house on the corner. On the north side of the street, and 125 feet east of Fifth avenue, are four full lots, formerly owned by Joseph B. Corlies. From him we believe they passed into the hands of the late Mr. Wyeth, of No. 22 Broad street. He valued them at $7,000 each. On his decease they were- bought by Henry Coggill, and by him sold to Edmund Hurry, the architect and buider, who paid about $6,000 each. Mr. Hurry could have sold them for $28,000, but he preferred to improve them. He has accordingly commenced laying the foundations of four superior brown stone houses, 26x60, with an extension 28x15. These houses will cost to build probably not much short of $18,000 each, and will sell readily for $26,000. Any one who will take the trouble to look at the manver in which M-. Hurry is laying the foundations, will have no doubt in whgt style those houses will be finished. Mr, Hurry is one of the few builders who cau aleays sell thei work before {) is done. On the northeast corner of Fourth avenue, Dr. Ten Fyek’s Gothic curicsity is gradually growing into shape. It ia to be covered with a white French mastic, like Field’s curiosity shop at the jonetion of Broadway, Fifth avenue and Twenty-second street, and like one or two houses im Ninth street, we believe, between Fifth and Six'h avenues. ‘ We forget if @ brick bae been Inid int Thirty-third street this season. The leet work done in the street was by Mr. Astor, on the north side, east of Firth avenue. Thirty-second etveot is nearly finished, except on the north side, east of Fifth avenue. On the north side, Mr. ex-Mayor and Postma:ter Brady owned some 108 feet, including the irregular plot of ground which he bought of Kernochan oa the northeast eorner of Thirty-second street and Broadway. On the easterly end of this progerty Mr. McMaster buiit three brown stone houses on 54 feet, which were finished about the firet of May last, and which, we believe, are still for sale, at about $16,000. Next adjoining him, on the west, Yr, Daniel Schooumatker, builder, has recently bought 46 feet, ai the rate of $5,500 for 25 feet. On this ground he one for his own faraily, and the other or ry brows stone houses, 55 feet 6 inches deep, high stoops. Next adjoining Mr. McMaster, on the east, Mr. Edmund» Burry is just finishing off two 25 feet brown stone houses, which are already both sold, at about $20,000 each. There are certain people whe are always in lack. If we remember rightly, it is not yet @ year since Mr. Harry, or his brother-in-law, Mr. James Flanagan, who operates with him, bought these same two lots for $9,000. Nearly opposite these houses Mr. Isaac Walton has re- cently finished a browa stone first class house, next door to where he lives. Not for sale, Further along, on the north side, near Fifth avenue, are two lots which have long been the envy of builders and others, as {t {s not only pretty nearly all built ap on both sides of the street, bat built up on both rides of the twolots, The owner, Mr. Wood, is in Califoraia, He ought the lots some years ago at Jess than half their Present value. His agent (brother) has advived him from time to time of the steadily increasing value of the lots; and as be was in no burry to sell, be kept the price just enough in advance of actual value to whet the anxiety of buyers to know if he would not takes Hittle lew—just a little, It would take some three months to get an ans wer from California, and by that time property woold have generally advanced so much that the agent in tbe city would decline to sell at the old price until he heard again from hie brother. This would consume three month» more, when another five hundred dollars would be added rice, and the same game would be played over again, Wood slways winning. However, Mr. Panning, the buildes, bar t bouglit them fur $12,500, whieh, la: