The New York Herald Newspaper, December 23, 1855, Page 2

2 AFFAIRS IN EUROPE. OUR LONDON, PARIS AND CHINA CORRESPONDENCE, Is PHACH PROBABLB? Our London Correspondence. Lonpo, Dec. 7, 1855. Peace Speculations—Their Worthlessness—Louis Napoleon and Lord Palmerston Determined to Break Down Rus- sian Power and Exturpate Russian Influence from Bu- rope Proper—A Chance Lost for Mr. Buchanen—Mis- management of English Railways— American Enterprise —Commercral Affairs——Theatrical Gossip, dc. Rumors of peace with Russia are flying about as thick as “leaves in Vallambrosa’s shade,’’ and they come in so plausible » shape as to give unusual buoyancy to the funds, Consols rose yesterday to nearly 91, which is certainly a proof of the sanguine credulity of the public, 9 not of the certainty of an early pacification. My in- vestigations have gone to the fountain heads of intelli- gence, and I find the belligerents themselves are as pro- Soundly in doubtof future events as the people in the streets. It is clear enough that all patties would be glad to get rid of the war, with its inevitable outlay and its alarming contingencies; but how to bring it about is more puzzling than Kepler’s problem. This real and in- attricable difficulty will occupy the dipiomatists till the spring returns, when hostilities must be renewed. Wt will be a miracle if terms of arrangement can be hit spon that both parties will finally accept. It is beyond doubt that the old aristocratic party of this country is execeding)y anxious to effect an adjustment, and they are ‘working in secret co-operation with the court. Both keep Up an indirect communication with Russian statesmen, and they are as busy as the witches around the cauldron am “Macbeth,” to see if by the aid of white spirits or gray they cannot come toa harmonious understanding, If this could be effected, the party in question, headed by Tord Aberdeen or Derby, would come into power—their only odject—ond the present governmen’ would vacish from the scene. Lord Palmerston, amusing to say, is Rept in office by the oligarchical party who are #0 anxious to have his place; but they cannot eject him whilst the popular feeling in favor of the war, which be specially represents, runs so high. To get rid of him, there is no other way than to pateh up a peace, and that is why tecret machinations are steadily at work to that end, and hence the multitude of reports that the event is wear at hand. Unless the conditions are humiliating to Russia and advantageous to this country, the people ‘here would denounce a peace, and something worse than foreign war might be the consequence. Meantime Lord Palmerston is hard at work in getting ready for the mexi.campaign, for his purpose is to go on till he breaks down Russian power and extirpates Russian iofluenco ‘trom Kurope proper. His object is toaccomplish a result ‘that will perpetuate his name in history; and if the war goes on he will arrive at it. The French Emperor has similar motives and similar views; and until, therefore, these two energetic men are satistied, all the efforts of the ayistocratic party here or of the friends of Russia else: where are in vain, This is an impartial view of the cass, and everybody can draw their own inferences: The frightful war with the United States, that was all ‘the talk here a few weeks ago, has disappeared from ais- , Sussion.as suddenly as it came, though It is assuredly not ‘Abe fault of the English government or the London Zines ‘that a violent fit ox Gries has not seized the United States a¢ language and acts that were unjaatidable and absurd. ‘Both the Prime Minister and his dellicose organ are dently delighted to escape the perils they had so theught- Jeesly provoked; and for this they are, no doubt, ace:den- tally indebted to our Minister at this court. At one amoment here American indignation boiled over at the vaporing of the ministerial press, and ot the high haaded act of sending out @ hostile fect to cruive off our eoast, and if Mr. Buchanan had beca carried way by the tide of exasperated fecling that beset him on every side, he might easily baye used such language to Lord Clarention as to make the danger of hostilities detween the two countries almost probable. It was cec- tainly an admirable chance for a scheming politician to ran # musk for the Presidency; and if Mr. Buchanua had chosen to wee strong lapgaage, Cemand his passports, and mart off immediately for the United States, he would have instantly become the popular exponent of our na- tional feeling sgainst English interference with our “manifest destiny,” and his election to the Presidential ebair would have enthusiastic and unanimous. M-. Buchanan is 100 sagacious not to ne hr oigh ge extraore inary opportunity that rose so suddenty to secure so great’ doubts, Weibo Delonge to that clas of states. men ot the Washington epoch—who are fast disapp img, alas !—that think more of the rea) interests or 1» country, and ot the profits of trade and commerce. than of their persona) aggrandizement; and consequently, in- stead of trying to fun the flame of discord, so easily @one, Mr. Buchanan, by temperate explaaations ani advice to Lord Clarendon, so managed matters as to allay 211 chances ot disagreement, and to remove all Birelibood of war. Mr. Buchanan has thus deiiderately thrown away bis best card for the Presidency, and his partizans all cver the country will loudly remonstra’e; but “Old Buck,” as he is familiarly ealied a* hone, eouldn’t help it, for he is one of those singularly balanced Seen in win ao’ tiers ster that oouldns snore act against hie rense of what is right and proper, it he were to lose ‘the Presidency ven ttmes over, than walk on his bead. 1 may mention ag @ proof ot the srmpntny of the English 160, populace fer their American brett fhat Mr, Ba- ebanan, on going to Guilohali this week, was loudly eheered by the crowd which lined the streets, and this wag no doubt a full compensation to our Minister for the attacks of the Zime end the disguised dislike of the aristocracy. Tsé6 & Msposition here on the part of several journals to aseail and decry our institutions, and a book has been Just publirhed here to lower our political structu.e in European estimation. The institutions of France are isparaged as aristocratic, whilst ours are stigmatize! os demagogic. The supporters of the Britisn constitu- tion ave getting alarmed at the inroads ot democratic ideas pouring in from France and the United States, aad they use there means to diminish the danger; but’ they shonld hear in mind that if they think fit to investigate American ine itutions, they mast keep their temper when the seme liberty is taken with th Toat’s ‘We have harcly got over the frauds of the late ‘pi Strahan & Co., when a new exposé of dis fal peculaticn has occurred, in the case of one of great railway compsnies, entitled the “Kastern The individuals implicated are of the “highest respectability,” of course; but the oxtent of jab- Dery and downright roguery proved against them would wake an old-fashioned bighweyman blush, Well may the ‘Times avk if the boasted commercial morality of Eng- and is potalia sham. The railvay interest of Eogting reprérents an enormous amount of capital, not lees than 300 millions sterling; and the search after poor Sie John Franklin was not more dificult and fruitiess thaa would be any attempt to trace what portion of this mighty sun total had found its devious way Into tue pockets of a whole tribe of English Schuylrs. So great is the mis- management #nd lost attendant on these vast railway schemes, that there is a talk of a generat amalgamation of all the lines under the control of the State, as ia France. Jt is the best thing to be done. A striking instance of American enterprise has recent- ly attractea attention in London. Only a few years since Mr. T. R. Croskey established himself at Cowes as a ship- ping age He #oon removed thence to Southampton, where he became United States Consul. Such waa bis energy, conpled with rare intelligence, that he built u> 0 great commercial house with unprecedented rapidity. ‘The untiring activity of Mr. Croskey led hia only six months since to estadlich a branch of his shipping Louse im London, and « terrible flutter it made amongst the old shipbrovers of this port, wao had so long enjoyed a mo- nopoly of the American trade. The most active ani ie- termined attempts were made to put down Croskey & Co., and our widely esteemed Consul here, Gen, Campbeit, might have made a fortune if he had lent himself vo the powerful combination against bis countryman. He took the course, however, that all who know Gen, Campbell might be sure be would take, and instead of listening to the «ffers that were made him, he gave all his intinence and aid to Croskey & Co., which enabled the young house $0 triumph over all obstacles and take the front renk io the extensive business transacted bere in this particalar Yine. A proot of the solid standing of Croskey & Co., so sudéenly achieved, is the fact that the French govern- ment lately employed them to make pureffases of sever: large steame 1 transports to the extent of near a million of det the commission on which sions is 4 So much for Yankee energy, directed hy sustained by ‘unlimited plack.’? 1 through a strong London monopoly, sure to have an inspiring effect upon all the Jean coursgeous spirits who witness is. It is the moral infiuence of euch examples as theae of American resist- ance to monopolies, that are gradually working wonde's im Fngland. : ‘Things have greatly improved in the commercial world both here and in France. Jt was foolishly thought ant predicted by many that a suspension ot specie payments ‘was not far off in Goth countries, bat the war 80 far bat slightly sffectea the resources of either England or Franee, and if the crops in fature only keep up to an ave- rage, the was may go on for long years without the teast neces sit} me back on a pay eurrency. People ‘that one hundred millions ae been adiled to the gold circulation in the last seven years, and that consid- erably over this has been the increase of Prpec money. In the theatrical circles great is the din of preparation for the usual Christmas consecrated by long usage, but are made amusing ve hicles of comment on the 1s, events of the day, Managers make use of them ava first rate advertisi medium, and the energetic venders of bair dye, pills an varvaparifia bid high for prominent notice at the bands «f Harlequin and Pantaloon, The extraordinary snovess ef the “Wizard of the Ni ’ continues unabated, and the spacious theatre he occupies has been rammed, jammed and crammed full to overflowing for more than monthe past. A NEW YORKER, Our Paris Correspondence. Parus, December 1, 1855. Historical Anniversaries and Souvenirs— Fluctuating Char racer of the Prench Mind—Past, Present and Puturem A Mysicrioms Visiter ot the Tuileries=The Sound ‘Time, im hit annual revolntions, proceeds with heavy apé velentlers tread, crushing beneath his foot deeper pantomimes, which are not only and still deeper into the clay of oblivion many and many an ancient landmark of human story; but, as if reepect- ing their still blooming youth and recent instalment as grand historical boundaries, leoves anassailed by his passage the later monuments or starting points of the ever onward career of man. When the bells from many & venerable tower or modest steeple shall to-morrow summon the children of France to prayer and thanks- giving, it will at the same time remind them of a day in their annals as yet of recent origin, but second to none in importance of the many eventful epochs of the last century. Frenchmen have had since the Declaration of American Independesce—that glorious beacon to which in ali their day» of trial they have never ceased to turn their eyes—many events of striking import, whose his- tory mankind will tell of for ages yet to come. They have dashed to pieces » feudal aristocracy, whose origin in lost inthe chaos of time; they have rendered kings and princes amenable to the same bloody tribunal as the meanest of their peasants, and they have played with revolutions, with kingdoms and with armies as with a game of bowls ; they have inaugurated a now dynasty, restored the old one, revived the republic, demolished it again, and to-morrow’s dawn will commenorate the fourth anniverrary of that famous coup d'état of the 24 of December, which caged all their wise men, locked up the doors of their debating house, rooted out the tongue of their press, let loose # licentious soldiery ia their capital and fairest cities, and resuscitated the original dymisty of their choice in the hands of one who pends them to his word and will as a reed is shaken by the wind. Verily the history of France is a curious one, and when we see the facility with which she passes through the most terri- ble phases—phases which would throw back other nations for centuries, but from which she only Sema to sring with renewed youth and vigor, ong is tempted to believe that there must be something in the Gallic race totally different from that of the human race in general, It isa fact to which all acquainted with France will bear testi- mony, that it is utter.y impossible with Frenchmen to calculate the futare from the past. Their opinions change with the wind; and what is more strange ix, that ® continued high pressure is almost sure to squeeze out im time one set of opinions and make room for another. And if the new régime can dut hold its own for a year or two, it will gain strength by rapid and perennial flow of te'givereations ever setting in dowarits its base—an instapee of whicn is shown in the case of Napoleon, the once perjured tyrant, the bloody despot and author of the infamous coup d'état, now—in the epinion of some of his most farious accusers of the reddest of the red republicans—the man that was to be the savior and regenerator of France, the genius of her umversal sway, the prince of the people’s choice, the Emperor betore whose footstool the most powerful sove- reigns come and bow down and minor thrones shall fall. And yet, four years ago, he who writes these words be- held this idol pace his war horse throngh the strests of the capital when men who looked on him were told with hissing lips to watch him well, for before sundown that head would adorn a spear’s point on the portals of the Klysée. The present state of the civilized world atces's how differently the head in ques'ion bas been enployed. Proud England, that foand no language violent enough for her scorn, follows him with suitand service, and see- ing he hus stopped the mouth of his own press, ewploys hersin daily pesns to his praiee; Amerisa looks on him as the red right hand waich is to hurt is thanderbolt against the old feudality, and make way for the imperish- able rights of democracy in every corner of the world, and Russia, holy Russia, sees in him the angel of death, who threatens with annihilation ber large and collogsa! empire. But a correspondent’s duty is with the actual present. There is something in the wind at this mnoment with Aus- tria, but whether that Power believes the p-oper time has arrived vo hold. bolder language to Russia, or not, it is not easy to way. Personally { have litde faith. Bat the following little bit of gordp 1 know to be tolerably correct:—On Monday last 4 stramger., whose appearance beiohened a man ot considerable wark, drove up to the hotelof the Austrian ambassador. It was at 9 o’ciozk P. M., and his Hxcellency was dining at the Tutle-ies. A domestic was despatched to him with a note, which, on being handed to bim ut the Palace, his Exvellency adcupt- ly left the room and returned to his hotel, Ha remained closetted with the stranger till hatf-pa-t 10; when oth parties got Into @ private vaiture de remise and drove t> the Tuileries. The Emperor generally retires about 11 clock, but on the ambassador approuching his Majesty and addressing him in # low tone for about five mi- nutes, & message was sent to the stranger wo attend bis Majesty in his Cabinet. fhe inter- view was a strictly private onc, and lasted till near- ly 120’clock.. No other party was present excapt the stranger and his Majesty, the Austrian amoassedor hav- ing returned to his hotel. On leaviog the Puilecies, the stranger, who had no servant, was escorted by ono of the Cent Garde, who took nis place in tue remtse with him, to the Cnémin de ier du Nord, wheve wu express train awaited him, to convey him to Boulogne. The Cent Garde wno attended him, was his Majesty's cmfidential officer, and he sccompamed him no further than to the station. It was two or three deys before #he circumstance got bruited about, but at last some of the servants at the Austrian Kmbussy began to talk, and by putting two acd two together, the abuve facts were acrived at. The conjecture is, that the mystecions visitee whose name has not trancpired was the bearer of a verbal commu- nication from the Emperor of Austris, in resvect to a proposal of peace which Austria would compel Russia to accept, and that Napoleon passed it on to Lord Palmor- fon. It this conjecture be correct, it seeins strange that the K:ng of Sardinia, who was then at the Tuileries, resis not have been consulted, orM. Cavour, bis Prime Minister. . The Sound Dues Congress has not yet opened at Co- entagen. They will not commence until Mr. Tengo- Berek has arrived with instructions from St. Petersburg. Mr, Bedinger, the United States Minister, is said wo be still without instructions. The different European gov- erpments will not send special representatives, but will Ye represented by the diplomatic agents they have al ready accredited to Co} De it is expected that some allusion will be made to this question in the President’s message. BERTI, Our China Correspondence. Stancuan, Cmtwa, Oct. 1, 1855, Deaih of Mr. F. A. King—Mortality of Foreign Merchants and Officials in China—G. W. Meylert, the Forger—No United States Jaits in Chinam The United States Frag Ship Macedonian, Commodore Joel Atkoti—The Alics in Japan— Perry's Treaty. ‘The British bark Raonee left Foochow on the 16th of Avguetfor Ningpo, and thence to this port. Two China- men bave been found, who state that the Rannes was caught in a typhoon, went down, and all op bourd lost except themselves. F. A. King, of the Amorizan firm of King & Co., was a passenger, for the purpose of visiting and reeing Ningpo before his departuse from China, He was much esteemed axa man and in busluest had few superiors. His ‘ate is much deplored, D. 0. King, his brother, has gone down the coast to gain foformation, if possible, but it is almost hopeless that he or the vessel will ever be heard of again. I. A. King had just made his fortune, and would have returned this fall to the United States to have enjoyed it, bat God ruled other- wise. Few merchants there are in Chisa whodo not make fortunes, but very few gver live to get home to enjoy them. They either die bere er on the way home, or tail shortly atter they get home, The climate is dreadful for foreigners, We have fine air, bright suns and cool win- ters, and all the other surroundings to render this cli- mate apparently healthy, bat the destroyer comes like « thief in the night, and from apparent health you sink into death. The British Consular esteblishment in China consists of nineteen employes, only two of #hom have been in Chi- na eight yearn, the reet have died or been obliged to re vurn to England with broken down constitutions. The United States have never oven able to keep their Minister ont here more than two years, the same rewson. fhe whole foreign population of China look more like ghosts than men or women. ‘This year has been very sickiy— i tiy—with the latter the Mace- toat she has gone on telde ‘ors have ciel, bat she bad when she left. We lately had a cave on sixty: ‘This will toon be n sharp of forgery to the amount of ten thousand dollars. The author calls himself G. W. Meylert, and hails Phila celpha, It appears he cawe here ‘in the American ship Onsida as a common sailor, aud ranaway. He then en- tered into # bargain to bay out the owner of a large hotel, stating that nu friends were wealthy and that he had written to them to send him money, and that it would be vent through the American house of Mesars, Botl, Nye & Co. The money did not ne, aud Meylert forgeda daft on Messrs, Bull, Nye & Oo, for ten thonsand doliars, and then tried to runaway, but the United Staves Consul cavght him xt Noomug ani brought him bace. He is to undergo his trial for sorgery before the United State Con- solar rt. Meylert, it is understood, contesses his guilt; but h:w can the ecurt execute their sentence of imprisonment, if they should give one? The United States have no jali, and offenders can run at lurge atter the s@atence is pro- nounced. It isa shame thar our governmest does not organise the Consular establishment in China on a more respectable footing. Onor interests, ab this port expe cially, are getting enormous, and their attention #honld be given to it, Osnton hes sunk int» insignificance, and the other three ports never were of importance, bat this is now the storehonse of the Unina trate A. peosent there are seventeen American ships in this port, the aggregate amount of tonaage of walsh js titeea thou sand six hundred and six. The smallest is the Horatio, 460 tens, and the largest Rymance of the sea, 1,781 tons. Eight are over 1,200 tons each. Is not this commerce worth Toeking a!ter ? Ovrommr 4, 1855, The mail is detained ® day or two, and I take the opportenity to announce the arrival at (hia port from Ja- pan of the American schooner Wilmington, Brown master, This schooner was fitted ont and loaded with Yankeo mo- tions at the recommendation of Commodore Perry, to trade in Japan on the basia of hia great treaty. At Japen the authorities would scarcely let him lsod, and would not buy any of his wares, but asked him $120 for a small «par worth $10. The captain has lost $9,000 thus far on the advice of Commodore Perry and bis humbug treaty. It would be no more than justice to Captain B. for Comemo- dore Perry to pay him back the $9,000 lost in the venture ‘he has the Commodore could well afford it out of the $26,000 he received from Congress. What a farce the ‘Japan Expedition’ bas become |—exoeptis cort the dear people of the United States about three cr four milhony of dollars—in that respect it iano farce, but & comedy, Captain Brown reports ten English and French war versels at Japan, and the next you will hear will be the fercible possession of the best of them by these na- tiovs, Then Americans will be obliged to touch their hats to Governor John Bull when they go to Japan. This will be the result of our dailure in Japan. We deserve it. We should never delegate naval men to conduct diplo- matic affairs. England and France sce our object in get- oe into Japan, and they know if that object is carried out we will secure the trade of the East our trans- Pacitic steamers, which will ruin the comm: rcial supre- nas | of ee and tramsfer the storehouse of the world from lon to San Francisco and New York. But if she can secure the Japan islands, or the best of them, then our lines of steamers will be obliged to pass and re- pass under British guns, whish leaves her still the mis- tress ofthe Eastern world. How shocki our ioteres's are mismanaged abroad—but how admirably Eogland looks after hera! ORIENTAL. Is Peace Proxtmate !—is the Anglo-French Aillance Durable t [From the Paris Débate, Nov. 5.] Do you believe in peace? we shall be asked. No—we wish ardently for it,*but our belief in it is moderate. There exist, in fact, both passions and prejudices agaiast peace, and we would fain examine some of the prejudices and illusions which are opposed to peace, with a reserve less demanded by circumstances than congenial to our character. What, then, is the illusion which preveots Russia at this moment from proving her love of pease, and thus satisfying the desires of Europe? Russia be- Meves that the Anglo-French alliance canno? lest long; she believes, also, that our finances cannot resist very Jong the trials of war. On these two points we would say a few words, in order that it may be distinctly under- stood in France, and all over the world, that the parti- sans of the ancient constitutional régime and those of the new institutions are determined to seek for a lasting Peace in the constent alliance with England, notwith- standing the sacrifices exacted by war. For more than. thirty years we have advocated the English alliance. We should tabe a strange step were we at this moment to abandon that alliance, when it produces the frnit we had desired, viz. : the facility of France to wage a war which is not revolutionary. The alliance of France and England has been for eighteen years the cause of a oueral peace; it is at this moment one of tbe reasons for the ascendeacy obtained by France in the Fastern question. Where, thea, are the inconvenient points of that alliance? They have not yet appeared, it is vaid, but they will occur. We ad- mit that under the peace réyime, there was @ moment when tbe alliance was inconvenient. England pushed vo excess her principle of peace, and wished to malatain France too much iu a negative position, and therefore she could vot submit to the Spanish marriage question. A time may arrive when under the régime of war, the English alliance may prove inconvenient; a moment when she may push too far her warlike principle, and constrais France to maintain the offensive beyond the policy of France. We shail see; but at all events that moment has net yet arrived, and we are of opinion, without being of those who believe in the eternity of the English alliance, that it is destined to be of Jong duration, in spite of popu- lar revolutions and dynastic catastrophes. But if any- thing like a revolutionary policy should be adopted, then the old political jealousies of France sod Hoagland would immediately awaken. To whom would belong Crete? ‘Tu whom the Archepelago? To whom Belgium and the Rhine? Questions of the very gravest nature would be excited. We have proclaimed abroad that hitherto » conservative policy has guided the war. and we cre ¢: vinced that the French government will remaio faithful to that Polley with which it has been #0 wall inspired. ‘There lie its interests and its strength. Until the com- mercement of a revolutionary policy, the aliiance of Eog- land is assured, and the ideas of Russia ege but illusions. Gossip of St. Petersburg. [Correspondence of the Belgian journal Le Nora.) Sr. Perensuuna, Nov. 2, 1853. Approach of Winter—Its Feasts and ‘its res Sleighs and Stidings—Theatres— Re opening of the Grant t—Ttalian era—Deues of Madame Lotti and went Bosic—Lablache and Calzolari—Russian pera. At last weare entering on that season of winter, which is to us as the spring is to poets, the autumn to painters, and the summer to agriculturists. The winter is at our doors. and we are now making preparations to receive, in a dignified manner, a guest who bri: back with bim a host of feasts end pleasures—the life, im fac‘, of our Northern city. Summer, with its scorching heat, excitiog passionate desires, is necessary to southern regions; winter is the period of enjoycent for the Northern men. At this teascn the streets of St. Perersburg become lively, arimated snd thropged with people; el:gant carriages cirevlate in large numbers and with a glorioas rattie on the sonorous pavement ; the houses are cleaned through- out, the frniture is uncovered, the tloors are waxed, up- holsterers and painters are everywhere set to work. Both our citizens and thei: dwellings change their aspect and their dress, With the winter— the green winter, as it is called by our great pc et, Pouchkine—the inhabitant ot St, Petersburg quits his overcoat and envelopes himselt again in bis large and warm sable robe, which may be oon. sidered the national costume, Our sleighr, thoue care of the large, giatuitous raitroad, for which we are indeoted to the winter which covers our fields wita snew, wilt soon make their appearance. Genuine sleigh races ean rearcely be seen anywhere else, nor the geand Helight of Hliding'frem icebergs, ner the thousands of unforesesn surprises of hiverpal pleasures. You may, therefore, judge with what joyous anticipations the return of win’ ter bas teen looked tor. Until the thermometer gives us the signal for those out of door xmusements the theatres afford us resources which enable us to await them pa vently. Never were the theatres more crowded, the bravou more clamoxous, er the performanves more ev- livening, notwithstanding the anxieties of a gigantic war., which we have not to biame ourselves for exciting, but which we shal! pur+ue with vigor to theend. Strange contrast | while we are Sghting with all the energy of patriotism and the perseverance of « just cause, we amure ourreltes here with the most perfect indifference and reeurity, But if crowds fill our theatres, the feeling of distrees which drives them there follows them inside, It hovers over everything and over all. This eagerness, thove braves, thore bursts of merriment, are indications of the teverish necoxsity for obliri'D and niéntal dintrac- tion. Gur country if ip mourning, our narional soil is jnyaded by the endmy; war decimates cur families, and every grave which clores in the Crimea opens a heartsore in our citiev. Crowds, nevertheless, run eagerly after armurerent, not from indifference, but from the necessity ef driving sway paintul reflections. Do not be.ijeve, however, that the least discouragement ie mix up with reasonable and patriotic apxieties. Fer from {t; the more the necessities ei the war increase, the more increases our confidence. Any one who ¢oubts it cannot know our national feelings. We may be anxious and our soldiers may be subdued, but we shell never lose ovr courage. ‘The managers ot the diferent theatres have employ ed the dead searon to improve and re-devorate them, and the grand theatre, which opened on the 13th of Octover, bas been ornamented with giext richness and good taste. In the way ot artistic enjoyments we have tirst, vay day, Saturdays excepted, a Russian pertormance; y by the bye, ! may mention thet we have amongst our comedians very remackable artists; second TiaWan opera, performed by the first artiste in the world, ifwe except the two murical wonders whom we go touth regret, Madame Viardot and Macame de la Grange; third, a bal- let, o¢ which Fanny Cerito is the star; fourth, ‘French yertormances given, by a full and talented troupes fifth, the German theatre, of which but litle that is good crn be said. You will perceive that if our theatres are not 40 numeroys ae in Paris, we have a prerty large share of them jor barbsrians, havii mii means to take from other nacionsall their first clave artists, ‘The Italian opera has opened the campaign with the “Macdeth” of Verdi, the illustrious maestro and great reformer of musical Italy. Madame Lotti, & retty cantatrice, wah a fresh and powerful Sey deiut that night; she 5 the very first outeer, taken the suffrages of our conscissenre by storm. This opening performance was one of supreme melancholy; we counted our dead and our griefa: the entice first rauk of boxes was gs or nearly so, as @ wre but very fow noble families which are not in mourniog for come cue or more of their relations, But it the first raok was emoty, the remainder of the honse was fall. On the same ing, Lablache, the admirable and colosse’ artist, a Catzolari, mace their rentrée in the “Elisir d’ Amore.” Nodame Borio has also raade her début in “Rigoletta.”? This farfamed singer has met bere with o moet flattering and well deserved receptior The singular choice of the opera which she telected for her déut caused some at- tonishment, but she has nevertheloss been greatly ad- mired and ay ded. We hope soon to see her as Ro- sine cr Mathilde de Shabran, when she will have av © unity of unfolding all her marvellous musical q «li- The performance of ‘‘Rigoletta’’ was # real triamph f° M. Debarsini, who appeared in ate a new light in tho bait part, Tamberlick, so great in the rol ot Otello, rather degenerated in that of Francis J. The ‘Demi-Monce,”’ from the pen of the younger Du- mas, was given a few mights ago at the French theatre St. Michel, and proved a failure, and the reasons for {t are ea ily anderstood. The public here is composed of hemogeneous and troly aristocrati: elements, which has amore refined taste anda more dehcate appreciation uban the Varwian public. in presence of the support given to French comedy and the Italian opera, it would have been neither jast nor patriotic to refuse to support the national arte and lite- rate. Therefore, the managers ct the theatre have cone all in their power to put Russian opsra on @ res- posable feoting. the Superintendept of the Imperial Theatres ix cer- It ia to him tain’y a very able and enterprising man. we owe the pleasure of knowing Tagifo Unfortunately, like many other ma: to be' that Russian singers eyo Russian composers no talent, whieh } nal opera has been living # sickly and hope- the last twenty years, Gur Relations with the Portsmouth Editors. (From the Portsmouth (England) Times, Nov. 24. American journalism bas recently conterred a great ho- roy ({) upam our contemporary the Hampshire Mlegraph, b styling it Lord Palmerston’s poner, because, forsoath, tor Palinerston’s country veat happens to bo in Hamp- shire. (The Hampshire Zeleqraph,” says the editar of the Naw York Henavp, “is published very near the reat of Lord Palmerston, where, we presume, daring the re- cease of Parliament, his Lordship nds @ considerabie portion @f his leisure time. This circumstance gives a coloring of semi-offi sist Sattntiy wo the specifications of she journal in question. In fact, assuming that the Hompebire Plegraph is the home organ of Lord Palmer- #ton, and that re empl # it ocensionally, as President Tierce uses the Concord Matriet, when it is deemed mort expedient to give the éemocracy a broad hint, in » round- about way, Of some important movement afoot, we may venture to consider the above extract am official commu- nicition.”? The editor of the New Yorx Hrnatn, it may be observed, drew from our contem an extract to the effect that a number of British vessels of war had heen despatched to Bermuda in consequence of the Mmeult- ing ‘ove of the United States government. ‘Dar contemporary the Yampabire Pagraph. as well as we ourselves, and indeed almost all pavers. likewise an- nounced, on the faith of news obtalped at Portemcuth NEW YORK HERALD, SUNDAY, DECEMBER 23, 1855. and elsewhere, that our West india fleet was to be retn- forced. How the sharp sighted editor of the New You Herald could have singled out the Hampsbire Telegraph as the origivator of the statement in question, this ‘nation Joute gentiewan best knows; although it is not difficult to conceive that when he discovered that Lord Palmer- ston’s connection with Hampshire must involve a con- nection also with the Hampshire thought he had discovered ‘that would give great zest to his very jogical deduction, and cause it to be very greedily swallowed by hie demoeratic brethren. Should it be the good fortune of the Portsmouth Times to cateh the eye of this seeing editor, we beg now to asture bim that he is entirely in error on this subject; that he must not suppose that because a minister re- rides in a county, s newspaper (yclept, luckily or un- Juchily, as it may happen, after the county’s name) is tke home organ, or semi-officia) organ, good lack! of that minister. Lord Palmerston, we beg to assure this very ‘cute edi- tor, is very staunchly devoted to the observance of out- ward decency in regara to the Sabpath, and would cer- tainly not it @ newepaper published on a Sunday to be his home or remi-official organ. We shal! not fail to send the ’eute editor of the New York HERALD a copy of this ‘ortsmouth Times, in order that he may neither deceive himself by the ‘cute dialestical infor- ence that the Hampshire fel . becaure published in Hawypshire, is the organ of the minister whose residence isin slsmpshire, and also that he may wholly disabuse his mind of the erroneous conclusion that our contem- porary is in any way a better naval autuority than we ourrelyes are, or indeed our respectable contemporaries of Southern Hampshire. We are not it, but as lovers of the truth, we feel it our duty to expose error, whencesoever it nay come into public print, Foreign Miscellany. The London Butlter seys:—In making the excavation for the great sewer which will soon convey from view the Fleet ditch, at a depth cf about thirteen feet belew the surface in Ray street, near the corne: of Little Saffron Hill, the workmen came upon the pavement of an oli street, consisting of very la-ge blocks of sagstone of irre- gular shape. An examination of the pavir g stones shows that the street had been well used; they are worn quite smooth by the footsteps and traflic of a past generation. Below the old street we find another phase of Old London, ‘Thichly covered with slime, are piles of oak, hard aud Dlack, which have seemingly been portions of & mill dam. A few feet below were very old wooden water pipes, nothing hat the rough trunks of trees. The course o! and the weight ef matter above the old pavement have pressed the gravel, clay, granite, portions of tiles, &:., into a hard and almost solid mass, and it is eurious to observe that near the old surface are great numpers of ping. Whither bave the pins gone? is » querry which has puzzled many. The now hard concrete, stuck ‘with these useful articles, almost like Pincussion, is # partial reply to the query. ‘The thirteen feet of newer deposit would seem to have uc- cumulated in two or three centuries; it is not unlikely that 2 portion of the rubbish from the city, after the great fire. was shot here. There is now working in Southampton (Eng.) docks a laboring man. named Samuel Chapman, a direct descend- ant of Sarah Bloke, the sister of the great admiral of that name who fought in Cromwell’s time. She was attainted of high treason for earrying the sword and Bibie to the Duke of Monmouth, Chapman has in his pessession the original document by which she was pardoned by James TL, in 1687. cocument is @ very curious one, and in excellent preservation, The pardon is bres , aod bes 7 her from all future prosecutions. Jt ix written on vellum, with a profusely Pictured margin, in Latin, and inan engrossing hand. The pardon is granted to Sareh Blake, spinster, late of Taunton. After +7 E. éoned, she mérried Wiliiam Chapman, who was the last Mayor of Chard, in Somerset, A large sum of money was raised by the Blake family to obtain the pardon. The document spoken of is evidently one of those issued by James lJ, for taisivg revenue. Samuel Chapman ‘was the grand nephew of a Mary Chapman, vho left large pro- re, which got into Chancery, and which he was una- le to obtain ane his poverty. The document has been exbibited in Southampton, and has excited con. siderable curiosity, not only as a relic of the family of one of the greatest men in English history, but also of tho iniquitous practices of the last of the Stuarts, A Frexch official return of the number of strangers who visited Paris during the exhibition, shows that the cumber who took up their residences in hotels and licensed lodging houses from the Ist of April to the 15tn of November, wan 443,002, of whom 134,883 were ere, the rest being previncials, In. the oorr pericd of 1864 the nw ‘were foreigners. Desides be “added the persons who visited relatives or friends, or 02+ cupied private apartments taken beforehand. No declara- tions respecting these visiters are made to the police, but tis suppored thet they may be set down at one-third more for the French, and one-fitth more tor ers. ‘This will make a general total of 679.549 perrons, 410,945, French, and 168,604 foreigners. 1 ia to be remarkal that in this total are not included the number of visiters who from the fear of not obtaining lodgings at Paris took up their residence at Ver q main, and other places m the environs of the cap’ neither are those ‘who arrived in the morning and lett ot’ night. The total of 579,049 gives an average of 2,072 persons a day from the Ist cf April to the 1th ultimo, and supposing that esch of them only stayed eight days, the population of Paria was daily augmented by 23,776 souls, A considerable activity prevails in Germany—despite the war—in the theatre of letters. Inthe first halt of the prevent year, 3,879 works appeared in that count:y. Leiozig is the chief place of publication. At L'ipzig, we find $98 works given outin the six months; in Butlin, ST. The ecntest between there cities for the honor and profit of being received ss the literary capi'al of Germany ie therefore severe, Another year the crown may be snatched away by the Prustian city from its Saxon rival. Statgardt follows rext on the list—at a great distance— with 197 worke, Tren come Hamburg, 96; Munich, 93; and cocn downwards in the scale, Prussia, asa State. stands at the head of the book-producii were of Ger- many. Of the total mass of works, 3,879, prodused in the several centres of publication, Prusrit claims 1,242; texory, 724; Austria, 715; Bavaria, 397; Wartembuag, 470; Hancver, 109. To complete these Hsts, we should edd'that 25 works were printed in fcreign osuntnes, in ‘he Geran lexgvage, during the six months, vis. 155 n Switzerland; 31 in Russia; 16 in Hungary; 12in France; 16 in Pelgium; 6 m Lenmark; 3 in Hollend, and 1 in England The Pexis Mcniveur publishes the official return of the decelpts of the customs duties curing the month of Octo- ver. which smount to 13 187,273f., being 461,764f. lens than in the correrponding month cf last year, and 84,8871. over that of 1853. The :eceipts of the firet_ ten months of the present year amounted to 164,326,548/., being 43,499,628/, more than in the corresponding per iod of last year, and 47,905,209f, more than wn that of 1853. Com. paring the present with the last year ihe increase bears prinelpally on the fcllowing articles :—Coffee, 5,715, 6011. ; Taw cotton, 2,046,124f.; raw wool, 5,105,920: ign sugar, 12.8€3,005:., French colonial sugar, 4,360,376. ; petadle Manors, 2,490 820f.; ar, and other iro, 1,660,- Bt; coal, 1,167,200. ; mundrlos, 4,042,198f, Elirabetbgrad, lately spoken of in the paper place to bec the Rmoperec Alexander, ed. me, 4 propeunced by the natives, Delwavelgrad (: Deth’s fort), Je sttuaved at the north of Nicolafet midet of « fertile plain. At first it was in the 8 fortress, cunstrneted on the frontier against the incarsions of Tar: tare from the Crimea, and the Em Elizabeth sent there Mcldavian, Servien, and Hungarian colonists, At present it is on important town, which stamds on ‘the Be banks of the Ingul to the east and north of the citadel A great sgricultural and commercial movemeat is going on in Westyhalis. The cultivation of hemp hax made such foes there of Jate yenrs that the native roduction has superseded the necessity for importation m other countrice, Bietefeld is the grand centre of the trade, Spinning and weaving by machinery is there carried on in very extensive establishments. A great company, under the name of “ Vor > (go-aheads,) bas heen establiched at that piace for spinning und weaving, which at first met with opposition. Two otter establishments, patronized by the governmeat, were created a’ Dulcken and at Daren, and were succesa- ful in their uncertakings. The Vorwaarta Company has Just been formed into » joint stock company, with a capi- tal of two millions of thalers, (£300,000. ) Several English and Swedith capitalists have it in con- templation to construct a line of railway from Holmatad, in Sweden, to Kalmar, and thas form a junction of the Cattegat with the Bahic, The Karlsruher Zeitung staten that Fredigar Mone, of the University of Heideiverg, bax discovered in the Jon- vent of St. Paul, in Carinthia, a codex of Pliny the Eloer, eontainibg nearly the seventh part of his Natural His: tory, (Lad. xi to xv.) The naval estimates, as brought in to the Spanish of Marine, give the following list tioned near the Peninsula and sim Spanish porta, 1 line-of- 4 corvettes, 4 brigs and schooners, the colonies:—Sailing ¥ battle ship. 2 frigates, and 114 Froaller vessels, guarda-contas, &e., together with twolve steamers, 2 being screw frigates. In the West Incles, sailing’ vessel—2 frigates, 1 corvette, 7 drigs, 2 schooners and 12 steamers; and’ in the Phiip- pine Archipelago, 1 brig and 4 steamers, besides 32 teluc- cas and other emall craft. The committee of the Cortes, in reporting ia favor of the army estimates tor 1850, compares the latter with thore of 1864 and 1855, and dn js thar, includirg the sup- plementary eredite decreed in 1854, the whole awounted 10 142,492,342 reals; in 1865 it wax 271,058,003 reals, and for 1666 it is fined at 279,525,762 realx, which includs 19,- 486,€89 reals for the provincial mritia. For the first six rnonths of 1867 the amount of the army budget is 198,- 192,918 reals, From a return just published, it appears that im 1644 the importations and exportations ot Belgiam amounted to 1,986,460, 000f. in what are called ‘‘permancat values’? —that is to say, according to the tariffs of 1833; and to 1,564,400, 000f. in ‘variable values”’—that is to may, no- cording 10 the real value of th velues show incréase of nd of 140,000,000. over the average of the period from 1849 to 1853. The total of exports in 1864 was 715,000,000f, in old values, which waa an io: crease of 83,000,000f., oF 18 per cant compared with 1853, and of £07,000,000f., or 41 per cent on the average of the peried of five years, In the new yaluce the total exports prevent diminution. of 10,000,000f. ‘The tmportations show en nerease of 67,006,000f., or 10 per cent over those of 1868, and of 183,000,000f., or 4) per cont over the averege of the tive years. ‘The English Emigration Commissioners have iseued a chreular {o their agents, stating that the colonial authori- ties in South Australis and Victoria have requested that the large proportion of Irish emigrants arrived in those colonies may be counterbalanced by a preponderance in futnre of English ond cotch emigranta ; and have also reduced thi ributions to be paid by emigrants for South Australia to the e terme as are in force for Victoris. In both cares single women are in future pe a required to pay the sum of 30». only, instead of £1 each. In 1829 Belfast, ee Poreenved Felt bg! flax spin The nirg mill, with fonrteen nd now there are upwards of half-a-million spindles, tonnage, in- werd ond outwards, of the port in uj an ‘of ons mail. gale ceeteana epette Ls! ae ily. The value of mporte ex for wae upwards of six. teen qiltions sterling. The tonnage re; amounted Inst year to about 80.000 tons, vin: 00,000 engaged in the fore’ and 20,000 in the coasting tr: city now exceeds one million sterling annually. The eon- sumption of coals exceeds one thousand tons per da: ‘The annual consumption of tea and sugar in the distric! amounts to about two millions of pounds ot ths former and six thousand tons of the latter. Sineo 1801 the ton- page roe the port of Belfast has increased upwards of fifteen fold. ‘The extension of the Copenhagen and Roeskilde Rail- way to the town of Korsoer, on the Great Belt, twelve Danish miles (sixty-five English miles) in length, is com- pleted. but will not be opened for a few weeks, owing to home dispute having ariven between Mesara. a- derson & Co., the contractors for the line, and the ib authoritios, The railway will add greatly to the impor- tance of the Pert of Roeeeae, which at present has ones pulation of 1,200 souls; arrangements have been made x having various lines of steamers run to it from the different parts of Denmark, the Duchies, England, and the continent of Europe. A meeting of tobacco planters and manufacturers was to be held at Carleruhe on the 29th of November, as well as an exhibition of tobacco of different kinds. object ct this Congress ts to discuss the best modes of cultivating the plant, and manufacturing it mto snuff and segars. ‘The Grand Duchy of Beden is, after Prussia and Bavaria, the country of y, Mish profuces the greatoat uantity of tobacco. The crop ot 1853 was estimated at $60,000%uintals, satued at nently two millions of francs. ‘This {# more than one-fifth of the whole quantity grown in all the States ot the Zollverein. Emigration from Germany by Bremen to the United States appears to be falling off. The to‘al number of ers who bad embarked di tne present year up ‘0 the end of October was 29,096, on of 146 vessels. In the corresponding period last year the numbor was 70,969, in vessels. In October, 3,465 emi its em- barked at that port; 1,186 for New York, 355 for Balti. more, 19 for Philadelphia, 176 for Charleston, 963 for ‘New Orleans, and 766 for Galveston. The Echo deLuzembourg states that the government of the Grand Duchy bas consented to make oe to a French company the following lines:—From Luxembourg to the Belgian frontier; from Luxembourg to the Prussian fron- tier; from Luxembourg to the French frontier, con- tract was signed naa so that a direct line of railway is secured by Great Luxembourg into Prussia, where a law is to be immediately introduced to the effect of al- lowing a minimum rate of 4 per centin favor of theGrand Ducal frontier line towards Treves, and from Sarrebruk, which is already connected by railway with Mayence. direct communication will be thus estab- lished between Brussels and Mayence by means of the Great Luxembourg railway. Professor Abbene, of Turin, has published an analysis of the bread which is the common food of the Russian soldier. It 4s composed of several graminaceous or logu- minous seeds, including wheat, barley, and rye. It con- taios ve solul ‘tarch, which shows that it has not been sufficiently baked; and'as it is very compact, it has not undergone suflicient fermentation. It has scarcely an: swell, is rather bitter, and feels between the tecth as if it were fibrous. The microscope discovers various crypto- gamous vegetations sprinkled over the surtace. The act on which Messrs. Paul, Strahan & Bates were convicted, in London, was brought in by Mr. Drummond, M. P. for West Surrey, in 1812. This was the first con’ vict‘on under that act. A gentleman who lately arcended to the summit of the Puy de Dome, France, to make experiments on the densi- iy of air, found there to his surprise the dead body of a female, aged apparently between twenty-five and thirty, dreseed Vae a workwoman. He gave iuformation to the local authorities, and the body was removed. A pocket handkerchiet was tied tightly round the throat, and ig was by means cf it that death was caused. All the difficulties arising from the transfer of the Rhe- nish provinces to Prussia are not yet surmounted. The Supreme Tribunal of Berlin has rendered an important decision concervirg the contracts concluded by the old French administration of the domains on the Toft ‘bank of the Rhine, A claim had been made it the Prussian treasury, in coneequence of a contract of that kind, tor We paren (fa certain yearly sum, but thegovernment Y to pay it, on the ground that the treaty of Paris was rilent on matter. The Rhenish tribuvals de- clared that Prussia hed entered into possession et the Rhenish provinces ss successor to France, and in that bie} had contracted obligations which the treaty of Paris bad not annulled, But the Supreme Tribunal has de- cided that debts arising from contracts concluded in the ceded provinces must be regulated diplomatic means only, according to the terms of icle nineteen of the treaty of May 30, 1814, and of article 1 of the private con- venticn with France. The price of iron in the provinces of Liége snd Hainault scarcely varied in the month of October. gM from 38 to 40 biast furnaces at work in Belgium, producing every day about 720,000 kilogrammes of cast iton, wi nds an outlet in France, |, Germany, snd the United States. None cf the foundries at Liége any atock on hand, and many of them have orders for all they can make up to the end of the year. Contracts for from 5,000 to 6,000 tons of fine castings have been entered into for France an Germany, and the demand for Holland is al- most as great. A commiesion, ccmposed by the Hanoverian govern- ment, consisting of the Minister of the Interior, the Di- rector General of Railways, and the Government Commis- sioner at Geetsemunde, assembled on the 28th of October, in the latter port, for the purpore of deliberating on the measures best calculated to increase the commercial re- Jations of Hanover and the Zollverein with America by that port. The commission came to the conclasion that the first thing which ought to be done is to construct a railway irom Bremen :o Geeteemunde. The Jovian government has opened the ports of the Jonian Islands for the importation, free of duty, until fur- ther orders, of rough brimstone, as being the beet means of checking’ the blight which has devastated large tracts crcurrant vines for two or three years past. The Coblenta Chamber of Commerce, {a u report to the Prussian Minister on the necessity of a European mone tary standard, observes that harmony might without dif- ficulty be established wita respect to the silver coinage by assimilatiog tt wih that of the neighboring States having the widest circulation: that is, with the five franc piece, which circulates in France, Belgium, Swit zerland and part of Italy, and is reckoned as a piastre in Spein and a dollar in America, and equals in value 11; Prossian thaler and % of a Rhenish florin. With res- to th coinage, London being the market of che World, #t ought to have reference to the pound sterling, which equals 25f. of France and Belgium, and is equiva- lent to three American dollars and the Spanish doubloon, and is nearly of the came value as the Russian tmperini ducat. A solemn mass was celebrated at Florence on the Ist ult., in the presence of the Grand Duke and his family, for the souls of the persons who have perished by the cholera, The Archbishop officiated. The total num ar of cages throughout Tuseany, in a population of 1,817,465 souls, from Fevrusry to October 21, was 40,618, of which 25,041 terminated tatally. By a return published in accordance with the act for the suppression of bribery in Great Britain, it appears that the amount of the expenses incurred by the throe condidates at the last election for the county of Cork, lieland, was £7,205 6s. 4d. The Amsterdam International Company of Industry has published in an interesting synoptical table, a valuation ot the produce of the Low Countries for 1853, as com- pared with the avecage returns of the last twenty-tive ears. From this report it appears that whest which, for a period cf 26 yeara, had averaged 2146 hectolitres er hectare, had for 1895 only reached 18 hgctoli:res. he comparative result at regards other epecies of grain isias follows,—rye, during 25 years, 22; in 1856, 21; bar- ley, 32-32; oats, 87-50; Indian corn, 21-21; beans, 34-26; pete, 22-08; potatoes, 126-114; colzs, 22-10; flax, 538-480 ectolitres. ‘The Journal de St. Petersboury contains some verses wn- der the title of “the Three Queens,’ attributed by Le Nard to the lively imagination of the Countess of Rostopt- chine, This personsge draws « parallel between tl Queen of England and the Queens of Spain and Greece, who, she says, suffler and weep, while the former walks about amusing herself, The writer concludes with a di- rect address to the Queen of England, ‘upon whore head will descend the avenging thunderbolt of the destiny of her unbappy sisters.”” ‘The directors of the Credit Mobilier of Paris are sum- moned to appear before the Tribunal of Correctional Po- lice, to answer a criminal charge, brought against them by arhareholder. ‘ihe aceurayion states that the direc- tors fraudulently announced the emission of certain obli- gations which were never issued, and thereby affected the market to their own advantage and the prejudice of the complainant. It is understocd that the defence will be that there was no fraud in the case, but that the fulfil- ment of the intention bona fide announced was prevented by a vis major, vi: the interterence of the sovercign power. The Ballinarloe Star, Ireland, states that on the 24 of November, the sub-sberiff of Galway, with fifteen ef the constabulary, proceeded to the lands o¢ Dartfield, near Loughres, Tor the purpose of ejecting eight. tarotites fur non-payment of rent, but that he was unable to carry outt object of his visit, im consequence of being met by about cne hurdred and fifty of the peasantey, who were prepared to offer resistance. Mr, Commissioner Longfield lately presided in the In- cumbered Fstates Court, Dublin, and disposed of three rather extensive properties. The first was the estates of the karl of Carrick, situate in the counties of Limerick and Kilkenny, which brought £37,790; the next was the te of Mr. McWiltioms, situate in the county and city rmegh, which ised £11,985; and the last, the estates of Sir John Henry Keane, Bart., in tre counties of Tipperary and Wate ford, which brought £31,505. The total smount of the day’s rales wax £61,280. ' Since the opening cf the court in October, after the recess, a can- sider ile number of estates have been disposed of, no - withsianding which the properties set up are still eagerly bid for at high rates of purchase, Nicolsiel possesses twelve dockyards, six for ships of the line and six for smaller vessels; also immense arse- nals, and almest exbaustless materials for shipbuildicg. it employs €00 workmen io ordinary timer, and 12,000 on cecasions of emergensy. At prevent the number, accord- ng to Germen accounts, i4 not less than 21,000, The Portugnese government has cuncladed a concordat with the Holy “ee, which puts an @ to « schiam at Goa, and to the ciffo-ences which the patronage of tae Indien bad caused between Portugal and Rome, According tothe Vienna journals, it is in contemola- lien to save a universal exhibition im that city rn 1859, It is even said that the plan of the builting has already fs the approbation of the Emperor Francis ores h. a trem tnsty to forty, averaging thirty-five thoussnd por menth, which at half the reling Jeaving the other halt to defray expenses would be in round numbers £10,000 for the twelvemonth on the monthly parts alone; and the parte to extend to twenty. The Otteman government has just adopted a measnre which has long been called for by the shipping interests. It bas charged Captain Michel, who belongs to the rteam packet rervice of the Im the coast of Asia and Europe, from the Black Sea, a chaise of lighthouses, which will henceforth ble vensels to pane the etraite and apprvach the shore, from the absence of Nighi wer wee before wot f . Captain Mic! hae ¢ngeged to complete the nd te Sx ell the spparatus before January next. There is reason to bope that the system will he ox- wnded, and t in a few years all the coasts of the Turk- ish cone and the islands of the Turkish Archipelago will no longer present the dangers for navigation which have been hitherto complained of. Advices from Rome, of the 27th ult., state that the dattaiion of the firat Swiss regiment, nm the servies of the Holy See, had arrived in that city to form part of the gar- rison, ‘This is the first time any portion of the Swiss troopa employed by the Holy See, which were first raised in 1831, have been sent to Rome, and their serie e- corcingly excited considerable curiosity amc po- ante Another battalion of the Swiss was about to employed against the brigands, whose excesses were more serious every day. A reward of 20,000f, had been offered for the arrest of the noted bandit Lagga tipi, and smaller sums for that of his accomplices, Ey vessels Jaden with corn, from the Sea of Azof and the Black Sea, had passed through the Boephorus. Accounts from Tuscany represent the financial em- barrasements of the government as becoming very serious, 4 colowol military monument, from » design by Signor Marochetti, is about to be set upon tte point of Scuteri, inthe burial ground purchased there by the British govermment. ‘The celebrated mill of Al; , onthe Rhine, which tra- cition assigns as tho ‘Gerth of the famous Datch yainter Rembrandt, has been destroyed by fire. The steam Iine-of battle ship Sebastepol, of 90 guns, ebout to be built at Cherbourg, is to be finished in two years, and Jaunched at the time of the opening of the i dock in courre of construction there. 6 clerks in the Telegraph office at Berlin are locked up during business hours, so that they may not betray the eccrets of customers. In consequence of there being a rumor of @ plot to carry off the Princess of Asturtus, the Spanish govern- ment have ordered a party of dragoons to accompany her royal higness whenever she goes abroad. Aévices from Montenegro state that the mountaineers murdering and plundering their Turkish neigh- Vors, as in the times before Omer Pasha made hia ponengn eguinst them in 1852, or Austeia offered bail for their better bebavior. The Paris paper Siecle assures its readers that the con- dition of the Denublan Principalities has av le t= tracted the attention of the Western Po vera, re decided on bringing the question to an immediate solu- mn. Marshal Radetzky’s admirers have resoived to celebrate his ninetieth year by presenting him with a eplendid cas- ket, in which to keep ali the rich prescats made to him by different sovercigns. ‘Tho French government has resolved to employ Arabs in the imperial navy, and, accordingly, arrangements have been made by the Minister of Marine and the Gov- ernor General of Algeria for giving vautical instruction toa number of boys, on board a vessel in the port of Al- glers, and for afterwards eausing them to enter the navy, Ww be employed in the service sonst, Chinese Funeral in San Francisco, CURIOUS CEREMONY. the San Franciseo Herald, Nov. ‘age Yesterday was s great cay in Chinadom. A iich mar had died. He had during life been » prominent mer- chant, and cecupied @ position of influence among hie countrymen, His death was therefore considered to be an event. Ifhe had been men he might have been cansied out, rolied up winding sheet on the back of hia son or some faithCul friend, and tumbled into a hastily constructed grave, and with the last sod laid over him would have perished a'l Yecollections of his vir- tues or his faulrs. With the rich man it is different. His good qualities are enbanced in the public estimation by a knowledge of hin wealth. Virtue whea associated with Jarge posressions qhines out with @ pure reful- gence, while poverty obj cures the brightest rays. It is so in civilized communities, and the Cainese have not bad imitators. The Chinese merchant, at whose wea mort curious ceremony was perforined yester- day, died about three weeks #go. He way interred ix the Lone Mountain Cemetery without any pomp. Yea- terday, however, a large number of his relations and friends proceeded to his grave for the purpose of making offerings to bie manes. A reverence for the dead is one of the most striking characteristics of the Chinese race. It is in fact the corner stone of their religious beliof. On arriving at the grave the whole company alighted from the carriages in which they had been conveyed, and commenced the ceremony by spreading mats alt around it. A roast pig was ‘at the foot, some- thing else at the head, while all over it was strewed apple dumplings, fruits and flowers, To an outside bar- Darian it looked very like a wel) gotten up pic-nic, and to all appeorance ull that the Chinese present required. in order to make a ee ee meal, which would certain- ede very precticable aud sensible way of testifying their respect for the memory ot their deceased friend, were the chop-sticks. The delicacies were, however, all intended for the use of the hi , soul of the deceased merchant, which had not tasted | flood tor three babi re that would no doubt have been seriousl; if it bad been in the flesh,) ana which it was sup- ened was hovering around, smacking its lipe over the inty food they had prepared for it. As soon as all the eatables were Isid on the grave, the widow of the de- ceased hobbled up and toox her stand at the foot. Around her head several yards of white cloth were rolled. A priest with « very curly pigtail, a very long blue gown, reaching to his feet, ans a very long face, stood -at the head. Yhe friends and relatives stood around. A# soon as the woman commenced to wail, all the clothes of the deceased were taken out of a trunk and set on fire. Among the clothes were several pieces of fine silk, which had appsiently never been worn. The whole probably was worth over $500. Four cannry birds were let loose in order to help the soul of the deceased in its Might ta snother world, and when the clothes were all consumed nd the canary birds bad taken shelter in the neighbor- ing rhrubs, the Priest with the long face ring a bell which he had in bis band, at the same time muttering a prayer or incantation. A’ general how! followed. The ceremony waa concluded by the whole company marsh- ing around the grave‘ headed by the Priest, who rang his Yell at every step, and looked very solemn indeed. Tho 1 ig and the apple-duroplings, and the fruits and the flow- (rs, and the mattings were all carefully packed up and placed in the carriages, and the whole party thenretarn- ed to town, where, we are informed, the eatables exposed in the grave, will be sold in amall pieces av exorbitant prices to those who are religiously inclined. Wxtrava; [From the Philadelphia Ledger.] A foshionable dry goods dealer advertises x Ince scarf worth $1,600. Another has a bridal dress, for which be asks $1,200, Bonnets at 8200 are not untrequently sold, Casbmeres from $300 and upwards are seen by dozens in. 8 walk slong Broadway, A hundred dollars is quite a common price for a silk gown. Ina word, extravagance in drees has reached a height which would have fright our prudent grandmothers, and appalled tneir husbands. A tashionable lady spends’ annually with her milliner, mantua maker, and lace dealer, a sum that would have supported an’ entire household, even in her owa rank in life, in the days of Mr nee Dress. ‘§. Washington, A thourand dollars a year is considered, we are tld, quite & Barrow income for such purposes among those pretend- sng to be “in society,” in some of our cities, Ad} to this the expenditure for opera tickets, for a summer trip to the xprings, and for a score of little inevitable etce'eras, and the reader gets some idea of the comparatively. wanton waste of mosey carried on year after year by thousands, if not tens of thousands, of American’ women. Apd for what end’ Do these human butterflies improve: their intellect, enlarge their Ga or elevate their characters, by this spendthrift system? On the contrary, they deteriorate all. Do they bestow additional happiness on their busbands and fathers? The very reverse, for to sustaia there extravagances, the father or has as the case may be, toils tate and early, consumes his health, and often is driven into wild speculations that ond in utter rufa, Po they win the approval of the other sex? ‘Never wax the esteem of any worthy san secured by a contly, reckless style of drese, All that this perilous ex- travagance effects is to gratify miserable personal vanity. ‘The fostering of one of the most petty of human vices is the only result of their spendthrift habits. Miss Poti- phar piumes herself on having outshone her rival im Inces at some grand soiree, or in Having worn more jewels; and that is the ringle, barren harvest which she reaps by the expenditure of thousands. Can the pam- yerirg af such vanity benefit her or others? Alas! the women who live for such triumphs as these—whose souls egiven to diamonds and dresr—are little fitved to be wives or motherr—to be companions for men, or ednea- tore of children. When the Roman matrons wunk to @ similar condition, Rome began from that hour to decline. Fortunately for our country, however, vuch peinted triflers form but a small minority of the women of Ame- rica. Unfortunately, however, their iotluence on society is greater than their numbers, for to their extravagance and vonity is united a presumption which assert for themselves, socially, a superiority over the rest of their countrywomen; and this superiority, so undeserved, is conceced to them, partl use of their claim to it, and portly because of theie apparent wealth. They are thus enabled, practically, t> give a tone to society at large. In city circles less ostentatious, in country villa- ges and even in Western farm houses their extravagance and vanity is copied, till in half the families in the land fer ales spend upon their dress more than they can af. ford, With too many—happily, we need not say with oll—adorning the person takes the place of mental cul- ture. To be thowily dressed is often considered of mora moment thon to be graceful, atolable and intelligent. Where will all this eno? If this centinues for another generation, where will we be? InTeRestING INFORMATION IN RELATION TO THE GRAIN MARKET, THECOLTIV ATION OF TORACOO, ANDTHE VINTAGE 1N THE GERMAN CONFEDERACY. —We learn from # correspon ent that the transactions in the grain market had been little more brisk for several days preceding the 19th ult., and that wheat had advancedja quarter and » half a florin: eliirg at nintecn and a quarter and rinteen anda halt forinx the two hundred pounds. Large quantities had tcently heen sent to the Rhenish provinces, had gone up to 1614 and 1634, and barley to 15 florins the 200 pounds. The demand for peas and beans had increased, ibe latter bringing 151¢ and the former only 12 and 12 ferine. Rape ont hed fallen, from 02 % 66 thalers the 260 founds, ond bat for the lack of Rassian supplies would ave fallen still lower, ‘The cultivation of tobacco has, within the last few years, increased toa very ccnsider- rble extent in the Interior of Germany, especially in the Gand Dueby of Baden. the exports of which alone are ertimated to exceed a million of florins a year. Aceounts tum the Polatinate (Rbhesish Bavaria) state that the ata: of tobacco have become bégher{than theythave ever ‘in known to be heretofore. In some localities the cul- ture of provisions has been abandoned, to give place to thre more profitable crop. ‘the quotations are 16, 20 and even 26 florinn per quintal. A it exposition of the various, kinds of tobacco raised in was hold at Carle~ tube during the two lest weeks of last month, (November, ) at which a number ¢f tobscco growers assembled to de- liberate on the best means of increasing the quantity and iepoks the S of their stock. The vintage in Pa Vaskau, Hesse Darmstadt, and the Pala‘inate has been tathinctory ax regards the quality. The prices of he oki stock sre still up. Several wine merehants sent gery, where the production of wine hree millions of Prussian rundlers « hole of Germany, it i anid produces wee millions # year. Tae prices of Hungarian re low enough to justify inweat- There are large quan- nd Mir Kolerz, sts Gerla per rund tive of thin. wine st | in thie the quotetions ler for white, a .CCC‘(‘(UNNNN(#NWN.UUNNN(t((((.Leeee eee eee