Evening Star Newspaper, April 25, 1940, Page 15

Bureau of Standards Housing - Giant X-Ray Apparatus 1,500,000-Volt Generator Described To American Physical Society By THOMAS R. HENRY. A giant X-ray apparatus, its big tubes projecting into cubicles with walls of concrete a foot thick, now is being set up at the United States Bureau of Standards as a testing station for the United States. It was described to the American Physical Society, meeting at the bureau today, by Dr. Lauriston S. Taylor, chief of the X-ray division. The generator, housed in a high chamber, will generate X-rays up t0 1,500,000 volts. This will make the apparatus one of the most powerful in the world. If these rays were allowed to project from the mouths of the “big guns” into the open room they would be highly danger- ous for all persons working in the building. To obviate any danger the tubes project into the concrete cubicle which contains all the meas- uring apparatus and the targets upon which the tests will be made. Inside this cubicle is another with walls of concrete 16 inches thick where the men actually working with the apparatus wil be stationed, Purpose of Tests. The purpose of the setup, Dr. Taylor explained, will be to test the actual effects of X-rays of various yoltages. Physicians are now ap- proaching the point where dosages as high as 1,000,000 volts will be given in the treatment of cancer. At present-little is known about the effects of rays propelled by such terrific forces. Tests are not made, Dr. Taylor explained, on actual biological ma- terial. The Bureau of Standards workers will determine the increase of electrical conductivity of the air brought about by the X-rays passing through it. This increase is due to the fact that the hard, infinftesi- mably small particles of radiation strip electrons from air molecules, thus upsetting the electrical balance of the atmosphere. The degree of lonization measured in the tests, Dr. Taylor explained, can be fitted into various formulae devised by biolo- gists which describe the destructive effect of radiation on living cells. Such highly penetrating radiation, Dr. Taylor explained, probably would prove rapidly fatal to any human being exposed to them continuously for any extended period. Quick Cooling of Flame. Possibility of cooling a flame as hot as the surface of the sun to zero almost instantaneously was ex- plained to the physicists by Dr. C. Guy Suits of the General Electric Research Laboratory. He reported that 10,000-degree hot sparks of a high voltage electrical arc can be ex- tinguished by shooting electrical “zeros” into them very rapidly, The process is similar, it was explained, to emptying a bucket of cold water | over a metal bearing to cool it. If a direct current electrical circuit to a motor suddenly becomes overloaded the 10,000-degree sparks occur and may burn up the metal parts of the motor. The danger can be averted, Dr. Suits said, within a fraction of a second by use of a condenser which momentarily reduces the electrical current to zero and quenches the sparks. & . £7 A method of aVerting X-ray skin burns from the new. 1,000,000-volt tube installed at Memorial Hospital, New York, was described by Drs. G. Failla and Edith M. Quimby of the ! hospital staff. Ordinarily this X-ray dosage which can be used in treat- ing cancer is determined by the reddening of the skin. More will produce burns which are hard to | heal. The New York doctors simply moved the source of the X-ray| beams further away from the part of the patient undergoing treat- ment. As a result, the secondary electrons, which cause most of the burning, are scattered in the air and KEEPS YOUR BATHRO FLOORS AND FIXTU PICTURE TAKERS, NAME YOUR FILM, NAME YOUR PAPER. WEVE GOTIT! Roll film, sheet film, film packs « « « all types of Kodak Film in stock. Also Eastman ph;::'- graphic papers. . . see our s - men book of prints; shows all surfaces available. EASTMAN Abcla4 STORES 607 14th STREET N. W. POPULAR never reach the skin while the pri- mary rays continue into the body. Tests of golf balls in a wind tun- nel where they spun 8,000 times a minute in an air stream of 150 feet a second prove that the “dimples” on the balls increase the speed and the length of drives, it was reported to the physicists by Dr. J. M. Davies of the B. F. Goodrich Co. He verified his wind tunnel experi- ments, he said, with actual shots on | the links, New Academy Members. The National Academy of Sciences yesterday elected 15 new members and honored four foreigners with associate membership. The foreign associates chosen were Dr. Bernardo A. Houssay of the In- stitute of Physiology, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Dr.'James P. Hill of the University of London, England; Dr. Guiseppe Levi of the University of Liege, Belgium, and Sir Henry Dale of the National Institute for Medical Research, Hampstead, England. New American members selected were: Dr. Rollin T. Chamberlain and Dr. William H. Taliaferro of the University of Chicago, Dr. Carl F. Cori of Washington University, St. Louis, Mo.; Dr. George W. Cor- ner of the University of Rochester, Dr. Louis F. Fieser of Harvard Uni- versity, Dr. Wendell M. Latimer and Dr. Karl F. Meyer of the University | of California, Dr. James M. Murphy of the Rocketeller Institute for Med- | ical Research, New York: Dr. I, I, | Rabi of Columbia University, Dr. Stephen W. Ranson ¢t Northwestern University, Dr. William J Robbins of the New York Botanical Garden, New York City; Dr. Richard E. Shope of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, Princeton; Dr. Stephen Timoshenko of Stanford University, Dr. Ernest Glen Wever of Princeton University end Dr. | Claus H. H. Weyl of the Institute | for Advanced Study, Pritceton. Dr. S. A. Mitchell of the Univer- sity of Virginia, Charlottesville; Dr. W. Mansfield Clark of the Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, and | Dr. Oswald Veblen of the Institute | for Advanced Study were elected | members of the academy’s govern.- | ing council. | | |Fire Department Benefit | The annual community card party ifm' the benefit of the Upper Marl- boro Volunteer Fire Department wiil be held at 8:30 p.m. Saturday | at the Upper Marlboro High School | auditorium. An admission fee of 50 cents will be charged. Railways of Germany have abol- ished reduced fares for vacation trips. Crisp Noodies Vegetable Chop Saey Chow Mein Seasoning SIMPLY HEAT e EAT o ENJOY Several thou- sand people would have liked Joe's job. Yet he couldn’t get fired —mno matter how hard he tried. Then suddenly thebosschanged his mind — just when getting fired was the last thing in the world Joe wanted. 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