Evening Star Newspaper, July 22, 1937, Page 11

Leader Choice Adds Drive to Split Barkley Held Backed by Block Favoring Court Revision. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. ELECTION of Senator Barkley of Kentucky as majority leader instead of Senator Pat Harrison of Mississippi means that the split in the Democratic party will be intensified, notwithstanding the usual efforts of the moment to create an outward appearance of harmony. Whether the administration in the many covert ways at its disposal to influence matters on Capitol Hill did swing enough votes to carry the election for Sen- 3 ator Barkley wil probably never be known, but the fact remains that Mr. Barkley was supported very largely by the men who wanted to go along with President Roose- ; velt in his plan to “pack” the Supreme Court while Mr. Harrison had the backing of the opponents of the court plan. The close vote of 38 to 37 empha- Sizes the almost irreconcilable nature of the cleavage. It is true that Sena- tor Harrison had been counted as wil ing to vote for the President's court plan, but he has been regarded, on the other hand, as hardly a believer in the scheme, going along merely as a | matter of party loyalty just as was the case with the late Senator Robin- son of Arkansas, Harrison Held Logical Choice. The administration would have been much better off if Harrison had been chosen leader. Upon him would have devolved the responsibility of bring- ing harmony in the party, and the fact that he had so many friends among the insurgents would have been inval- uable to the President If Mr. Roosevelt really had wished to heal the breach in the party, he would have indicated in the custom- ary ways that he wanted the Missis- Sippi Senator selected, but other hand, he is repa i said to one of his callers something that indicated that he did not feel Mr. Harrison would be as energetic in his behalf as he might be. Clearly the difference between the two groups in the Senate on the Dem- ocratic side is broader than the con- troversy over tt It goes decper. It isr d to the independ- ence of the e body itself. There are Senators who believe in the king-can-do-no-wrong theory and who have decided that, right or wrong they will subordinate their own con- victions to the wishes of the Executive. . of course, is not the traditional | t the obligations of but with the enormous pu at the dis- | of the Executive and the rather 15 use of public offices and tments to curry favor with of Congress, the present administration operates on the (heory‘ that the end justifies the means. | David Lawrence. Issues to Force Split. The split in the Democratic party s going to develop as other pieces of THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, THURSDAY, What’s Back of It All Offer of Assistant Leadership to Harrison May Help Heal Party Breach. BY H. R. BAUKHAGE. FFER of assistant majority leadership of the Senate to Pat Har- rison, defeated candidate for the No. 1 post, is a definite part of the strategy for healing the Democratic party breach over the court bill. The matter may not have been discussed when Senator Barkley and Senator Harrison lunched, by special invitation, at the White House yes- terday. Late in the afternoon Senator Barkley denied that he had as yet given consideration to the question of choosing an assistant. But the story of the offer is fully substantiated and you can stick to it whether ‘Mr. Harrison regrets or accepts. 1f Senator Harrison accepts the assistant leadership, it would help the administration in two ways: First, it would,secure the active co-operation of an eflective and forcepul personality and, second, it would regain the support of some of the Mississippian’s more ardent followers who might otherwise nourish a grudge. It might be added that heretofore the office of assistant leader has been more or less of an unofficial post. It is not elective, The leader simply goes up to a colleague and asks him to help out. Senator Barkley's victory by one vote was a surprise. The administration was positive it had a six-vote margin. Harrison's followers were certain they had it in the bag. Anti-administrationists insist the vote reveals a ncarly fifty-fifty split in the Democratic party. Disinterested observers insist that it is no indication of alignment for and against the administration, nor yet the line-up on the court bill, though the latter affected the vote in this way: Senator Many Senators who might have voted for Senator Harrison on the basis of seniority or friendship—though on that score it would be hard to choose—felt that since the court oppositionists were committed against Barkley they must stick on the definitely pro- court side of the fence. * ok % X As the record of the court fight has unfolded since the death of Sena- tor Robinson, it has revealed the word ‘‘compromise” written more and more clearly upon it. Gradually it has been realized that the word is an unspoken prophecy of the dead leader. Only a very few know the significance of this revelation. The second chapter of the story of Senator Robinsom’s plan can now be added to the first, mentioned in this column a few days ago. Four of the late Senator's friends were his confidants. He told them, one of them now relates, just what he intended to do. He planned to fight at least three weeks for the court bill, giving no quarter. At the end of that time he doubted that he would be able to report a victory. He was then prepared to go to the White House and offer a compro- mise and his services in its cause, but no more. * ok X % The Navy Department gave up the search for the Earhart plane with a deep official sigh of relief over the fact that none of its men had been lost. But at the same time it carefully concealed a wide, inward grin of satisfaction over what it had accomplished as a sideline to this attempt at good=- Samaritanism. Of course, this can only be mentioned in a whisper in the dark room where important films are soon to be developed. But a complete set of photographs and data for charting the Howland Island section of the South Pacific are part of the dunnage of the returned sailormen. This means that the Navy will have at last what it has wanted for a long time—accurate maps of the missing link between Hawaii and Aus- tralia. For Howland, as well as the islands in the Phoenix and Gilbert groups, is a vital way station in any war maneuvers involving that part of the world It appears that this area has never been accurately charted by the Navy. Presumably, the British charts are weak. too. A New Zealander with the National Geographic-Navy expedition which watched the eclipse on one of the Phoenix group last June was as surprised as his American colleagues when it was found that one of the islands was a mile away from where it should have been according to the maps. x K K % The Japanese Navy, which offered its services in the Earhart search undoubtedly acquired some important data, too, although it is believed that Japan had already covered that important sector of the waterwav between America’s Pacific outpost and the southwest corner of the British commonwealth Navy officials are hoping that no foreign aviators will get lost in the Aleutian Islands, our link between Alaska and the Asiatic mainland. * K % K As the Chinese finance minister, Dr. H. H. Kung, goes smilingly about the chancellories of Europe, and the United States Govern- ment prepares to open bids for a silver depository at West Point, it is saje to reveal one little piece of Oriental sagacity, symbolical of the Chinese official’s successes. legislation with fundamental princi- ples at stake are brought before the | Senate, as, for instance, wage and | hour bills and possible amendments | to the Wagner act | Meanwhile the administration, while | mir g the effect of Mr. Roose- | velt's effort to drive through a court- packing bill, is trying now to recover lost ground. The original bill and now the substitute are beaten. Ef- forts are being directed at revision of lower court procedure, but this may | Tun into a snag. The temper of the moment is to keep hands off the ju- diciary if the tinkering has any pos- sible connection with political con- trol of the courts. Incidentally, the tremendous force | of public opinion was never better illu the letter written by ner of New York to Gov. Lehman. Mr. Wagner carefully avoided a com- | mitment in favor of the President’s bills. This is significant of his reali- 3ation that the people of New York State are up in arms against tam- pering with the judiciary. What the letter did show also was that Senator Wagner thought Gov. Lehman might better have made his letter public at some other time when it could not | have done the damage psychologically &s it did here in the last 24 hours, | Unhappily, when Senator Wagner offers Gov. Lehman the advice that “we should phrase and express our disagreements about methods with a view both to time and circumstance, in & manner designed to interfere Jeast with the achievement of our underlying objectives in accordance with the spirit of our Government,” he forgot that the very same words night have been said, if not written, to President Roosevelt himself last February before he launched his court plan. If ever there was a time for true DROOP’S SEE THE NEw 1938 RCA VICTOR RADIO MODEL 811K With Electric Tuning and . 15 COMPLETE STOCK CF NEW 1938 MODELS RCA VICTOR RADIOS CONVENIENT TERMS DROOP’S | gains it was in the beginning of the Before Dr. Kung approached Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau with his plan for bartering Chinese silver reserves for American gold and establishing credits for purchase of American goods, he visited certain New York bankers. These bankers had made loans to the Chinese government. His entertaining conversation with China’'s creditors included no men- tion of the purpose of his forthcoming mission in Washington. It was a highly successful tete-a-tete. He sccured cancellat part of the old debt, including back interest, and shrewdly arranged a I rate for the balance. Then Dr. n came to Washington. He approached Mr Morgenthau with his credit in good standing. Thus he was in a better position than he would have been otherwise to drive through to his objective—bartering his dormant silver for our sterilized gold, revivi- fying both, as well as China’s cred- it, on the eve of the dark day when Japan started beating on China’s doors. * K ok X f a wer HAVE A fereo SEAT. 0K The Government's planned new bullion depository, which presumably will eventually contain some of Dr. Kung's silver, will be by no means the complicated affair that is Fort Knox, the gold depository. The new store- house will not have the widely publicized mechanical contraptions against burglars. Present bullion prices make silver less of a temptation than gold for the big-time safe-crackers. (Copyright, 1937.) q'H necessarily The Star’s. E opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contredictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. Court Aims to Die Hard Radical Advisers Held Sure to Push on for Revised Form of Government. BY MARK SULLIVAN, HERE is effort to make it ap- pear that what America is going through is merely a cleavage in one of the coun- try’s two great political parties. Vice President Garner and the group of veteran Democratic leaders who have taken hold of the situation seem to act as if the bringing together of the two fac- tions of the Democratic party is the all-impor- tant thing—that, with this accom- plished every- thing will be all right Without doubt Mr. Garner was deeply shocked by the court proposal, though he never pressed publicly. For his silence he is not to be reproached. A Vice President is not supposed to take a position on pending measures. If he did he would be properly rebuked r G away from Washing 1at in | a way was a tacit expression of dis- | quiet about the m He | went away and let the court ure be killed, as he shrewdly it would be by the inherent fact of its vic s and by the ea ness and courage @f the Democrati Senators who opposed 1t Now Mr. Garner is able to rety without having been publ fied with either faction. equipped to be a mediator diation is not really his role. Rather he approaches the President as a rep- resentative of the victorious t court measure Democratic Ser He is better able to notify t dent of his defeat th anti-court measure Se Mr. Garner is able t least hurt to the Pres went | court sure meas- | foresar » do it Wants to Preserve Parly. Mr. Garner is ¢! ure was beaten court Senator obvious he up with ti | erisis | like the air we breathe. | Life so long untroubled that ye who the court measure in two, omit what affects the Supreme Court, and pass the part affecting the lower courts For that or any other compromise there will be much favor among the more political-minded Senators. But the leaders of the anti-court measure Senators know that the concealed purpose of the court measure went as far in the part affecting the lower courls as in the part relating to the Supreme Court. The purpose was to ing about, everywhere in the coun- try, a unified interpretation of the Constitution predetermined at Wash- ington and controlled from Washing- ton. Under the provisions of the court measure in original form attempt was made to set up a mech- anism by which Washington could reach out its hand and put a judge of its choosing in charge of any suit in any circuit or district The struggle of the administration for the sort of court it wants will go o It will go on because Mr. Roose- velt's radical advisers want a of government and society in America which can o possible with a subservient court. The truth is, Amer- ica is face to face with a historic For a century and a halt America has taken independence of the judiciary for granted. We thought it comes to us without effort or cost We though! t was, as Kipling put it: “Ancient, effortless, ordered—cycle on cycle set— inherit forget.” But now we find: “It was not made w it is not one w Men, not gods gods, m the mounta: the deep; devised it. Men, not the ward would ha overestimate the Democratic Senator: court { wha ve come for- be possinle to of the | opposed the | AVIATION CADETS TO GO TO BASE AT PENSACOLA | Two \}.’:\‘]‘.inm»-nim:in Group to | Report Monday for g. Flight anxiety at this is to ease revocs | emerge the par | gressional election piration cnough on Mr. Ga it is doubtful if it he wishes. If this an ordmnary | y split on an ordinary question, | it might be bridged ov But the court measure is the sort of e that a c ere k out as| arisen in Am troy. On such an issu cannot be eased over. ajorit of he addition to those wil them, they had the concealed good wishes of many who up to the present | have followed the President as a mat- ter of party discipline. If Mr. Roose- velt and his radical a S want a party that stands with them on the court measure, they will have to or- ganize a new one. Leaders Know of Purpose. Mr. Garner's wish to avoid a split, or to heal one, may lead to an at- tempt at face-saving compromise. One | now generally discussed is to divide | | to Pensacola for Si report at n Na this region will | al Air Station on Monday, fc of preliminary ing at t Air Station costia. W. C Rober, f 37 are among t mber. The Navy Department announces that in all 74 aviation cadets va ers trained at Anacostia were Charles | H Pete TN Sarver, Cambria, Va. Wooldridge of Lynchburg James C. Wootton of Burk The prospective aviators trained at Naval Reserve were all aviation The department said that five m‘n[‘r‘ totaling 450 aviation cadets, be assembled at Pensacola for | training thu ses, are ex- se. After as naval the cc designated aviators tive the | in the Public Health Service, require DRIVER SHOWS WISDOM After Drinking, He “Hocks" Keys ‘With Police. EAST ORANGE, N. J, July 22 () — A conscientious motorist walked into police headquarters and gave his car keys to the desk lieutenant. “I think I'd better not drive for a while,” he said. “I've spent the after- noon in a tavern.” A few hours later the motorist re- turned and claimed his keys. JULY 22, | Tacoma, | speect 1937. We, the People Barkley’s Rise, Though Gradual, Seemed Fore- Ordained, Based on Years of Constructive Work. BY JAY FRANKLIN, HE scramble beneath Joe Robinson's bier for the vacant post of Senate majority leader has focused the limelight on a man who could develop in no other political system than our own: Senator Alben W. Barkley of Kentucky. The other aspirants jor this office are better advertised. Pat Harrison of Mississipp, with the biting tongue and urbane distinc- tion of the school of Carter Glass and John Bankhead, has been in the headlines for years. Even the comparatively recent Jim Byrnes of South Carolina has produced an impact upon public consciousness by his demand that communities pay 40 per cent of local relief costs. But Senator Barkley, who has served in Congress since 1912 and in the Senate since 1926, and who was the keynoter at the Democratic National Conventions at Chicago and Philadelphia, is almost an unknown quantity to the general public. So it comes as a bit of & surprise to out- siders that Barkley should be the man whom President Roosevelt favors for New Deal leadership in the Senate. Senator Barkley was born 60 years ago, come November, in rural Kentucky, the eldest of eight chil- dren. He worked his way through & little Methodist college, studied further in Georgia and at the Uni- versity of Virgima Law School, and read for his bar examinations in the office of Judge W. S. Bishop of Paducah, Ky., the “Old Judge Priest” immortalized by Irvin S. Cobb. In 1901 he was admitted to the Paducah bar, four years later he was elected prosecuting attorney for McCracken County, and in 1909 was chosen Judge of the County Court. The great Wilson sweep of 1912 carried him into the House of Representatives, where he remained until his election &as Senator in 1926. He was re-elected to the Senate in 1932 and will be up again next y So far as exterr VLY. BARKLEY. Is go, this might be any one of 50 routine careers among the political lawyers who dominate the Pederal Legislature, But and this fact is overlooked by nearly all observers of our political institu- tions—the Congress is something more than a legislative body. The work and records of its committees come close to maki it an elective bureaucracy. Men from a “safe” State or district stay on year ajter year, accumulating seniority, avoiding publicity, making Jew notable specches and mastering one major phase of the legisla- tive process. Barkley has mastered four! He is an expert on parliamentary procedure and a member of three important committees—Finance, Banking and Currency, and Intersiate Commerce—the work of any one of which is a fulletime job. His name is not attached to any major piece of legislation, but he played an im- portant part in the shaping of the N. I. R. A., the emergency banking act and all recent monetary legislation, not counting his work during his 14 years in the House. In addition to this, he has been active and increas- y important in the inner coun- cils of the Democratic party since 1920 and is a good orator of the old school and a good rough-and- tumble debater. Just to round out the picture, he is genial, frien an amusing a fairly good golf pla a singer and widely liked on Capitol Hill. In character, as in he nds me- between the late Warren G ng of Ohio and Cordell Hull of Tennessee—exac where it is.hard t Senator Barkley has made a lifetime care congressional politics as another man might make a career of e or manufacture. He has worked hard and. and Borahs have been roaring like bulls of Eas has been the American Government to do its He is liked and re- ted in Congress and in his own State. It is one of the auguries of 1tual vie v for Roosevelt that a shrewd, undramatic politician like Barkley should have thrown in his lot w the New Deal, (Copyright ) HOUSE MEMBER URGES HURLEY NO POLITICIAN, FOOD AND DRUG BILL while the b Coffee Says Congress Record in Former Secretary of War Denies Last Four Years on Topic Fails to Meet Needs. d Press Representative John M. Coffee of h., said yesterday in a broadcast over a Nation-wide hookup of the Columbia Broadcast- ing System that “the record of Con- gress the last four years in respect to food and drug legislation is one none of us can be proud.” rging support for a food ug bill proposed by the Con- Union of the United States, which he has introduced ting law, enact 6 own its usef 1e introduced, Coffee said. would establish a consumers’ bureau New Mexico Visit Linked ‘With Senate Ambition. By the Associated Press SANTA FE, N. Mex, July 22— Patrick J. Hurley, Secretary of War in the Hoover cabinet, with Hurley and their four children, ar- rived in Santa Fe yesterday to take up Summer residence. Hurley said his visit here had no political significance. “The 1932 e 7.000,000 majori: informative labelng and registration roprietary products, prevent false or misleading advertising. and pro- vide health education and scientific research. Bar Drinking Law Signed. LANSING, Mich, July 22 (#)— Gov. Prank Murphy yesterday signed | ino law a legislative act permitting liquor purchasers to consume their drinks while standing at the bar. Existing law limited drinking to per- sons seated at tables. The new law alsc raises the age limit for purchasers of all alcoholic beverages to 21 years. liberals to have united to consolidate Roosevelt second term. But the Pres- ident ignored the members of his own party, consulted nobody in the legislative branch of the Government and went off half-cocked, so to speak, leaving the Democrats in the Senate | to meet the court issue as best they could. It was Mr. Roosevelt who overlooked both “time and circum- stance,” and this produced a situa- tion in which it was necessary to call upon such stanch patriots as Gov. Lehman to save the so-called leaders of the Democratic party from the consequences of their own folly. 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