Evening Star Newspaper, July 13, 1937, Page 9

Declaration on David Lawrence. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. What’s Back of It All Earhart Search Proves Strain to Navy—Risk to Personnel Adds to Worries. BY H. R. BAUKHAGE, OWN on Constitution avenue, in the long, low building that houses the Navy Department, there is grim silence. To the men who are responsible for the almost hopelesas search of the South Pacific for the trace of a missing airplane, the strain has only begun. It is no secret that vhen the hard-bitten sea dog who stands on the bridge at Washington, Admiral William D. Leahy, got his orders to send his men out over the Pacific, he clenched his teeth, He hated to risk their lives. That will never be mentioned officially, * k% ok But he had his orders—had them from his commander in chief. And the commander in chief had his orders, too. Public opinion gave them. * ¥ ok X There has been much talk about the money, the “millions of dol- lars” that the hunt is costing. It is impossible to make an actual estimate of what it may be. But none of these dollars is grudged, nor the effort, nor the time. As a matter of fact, it is true that much of this expense would go on anyhow. The Navy ORDERE is never idle. AREORDERS Except for the ‘“extras” in- ) BOT TS volved in steaming the Lexington at the terrific rate of 33 knots, and the additional work carried on at headquarters here in Washington, most of the expense can probably be eased out of the regular Navy budget for maintenance and ma- neuvers. As for the extra time and materials expended by the aviators now skimming the seas, it must be remembered that these men have to put in so many hours of flying time each year anyhow. * ok ¥ X But it is the responsibility for loss of life that is resting its dead weight on the shoulders of the Navy's high. command. For instance, such risks as catapulting planes from the heaving deck of a carrier over scas where sudden squalls are common, something ordinarily not attempted under battle conditions. * ok % ok Meantime, how does the Government agency which supervises civil aviation feel about the latest catastrophe? It doesn't say. It leaves the talking to Secretary of Commerce Roper, who is terse. “The Department of Commerce,” says the Secretary, “is charged with the development of air commerce, not stunt flying." While the Bureau of Air Commerce says nothing officially and won't soon, it is sawing wood. The plan it is building is approximately this: No licenses to be issued for anything but established scientific effort; Material will have to meet higher standards before a plane is license Personnel will have to pass more stringent requirements, * ok ok % In connection with the latter point, here is a significant note: The capability of the radio operator from now on is to be as carefully examined as that of any member of a fight party. There was no radio q'HE opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to gie all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. Designed by Machiavellis BY MARK SULLIVAN. QUOTE, again, some passages from two recent newspaper writings by Gen. Hugh John- son: “When you add up all recent enacted and proposed legislation, what do you get? You get & Government of the United States v B entirely made : over, and made over on a plan that can only be justified by the astonishingly unique personali- ty of one man who, to say the least, can't live forever. Without the vibrant gen- ius of Franklin Roosevelt, the re- markable govern- mental machine being built and planned around him would be the | most dangerous on earth.” “Most dangerous on earth” is & strong phrase. But Gen. Johnson jus- tifies it. He reviews the legisiation | which adds up to this. | He shows that by the executive re- | organization plan, as sent to Con- gress by the President, the inde-| pendent commissions now regulating | interstate commerce, the radio and other functions would be transferred from independent, quasi-judicial bod- | jes to “the personal power of the President.” “The new executive sys- tem,” Gen Johnson says, “will be tied into the central dynamo * * * by com- | mand exercised as Napoleon did it, autocratically and on a sextuple spy system * * *.* He explains that the wages-and- | Mark Sullivan, Sum Total of Recent and Proposed Legislation Might Be “Most Dangerous on Earth.” whose design it was—or their choice of a successor.” I need not cite Gen. Johnson's qual- ifications for knowing what he writes about. I do not need to prove his information or his judgment. If members of the administration deny what Gen. Johnson says; if they say Gen. Johnson's judgment is not good, then they are in an awkward dilemma. For Gen. Johnson was, in 1933, se- lected by Mr. Roosevelt to be what the newspapers sometimes called, with much justification, ‘“assistant Presi- dent” and “No. 2 man.” Either Pres- ident Roosevelt erred seriously in mak- ing the general his No. 2 man—or else Gen. Johnson is & man of good judgment. Besides, Gen. Johnson's experience inside the administration gave him opportunity to know what goes on; hardly any one could know better whether there are Machiavellis in the administration, and whether they are doing something very “dan- gerous” or something to justify “shud- ders.” Moreover, Gen. Johnson's feel- ing about the Machiavellis is shared by others. ~ Mr. Walter Lippmann speaks of “the little group of bold And reckless men who have been setting the pace for the President in the last few months.” Gen. Johnson, having said as much a8 he has, ought to say more. He ought to explain how it is that there is a “deliberate underlying but un- apoken design” but that the President | has no part in it. He should explain what he means when he says that “without the vibrant genius of Frank- lin Roosevelt the remarkable govern- mental machine being built and planned around him would be the most dangerous on earth.” Whom Have They Chosen? Gen. Johnson should explain what operator on the Earhart plane. * hart flight There will be no admissions an Logan Is Seen . Regretting . His Stand His Court Indicates Sen- timent of Leaders. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. ANY things being said in the debate over the bill to “pack” the Supreme Court will be re- gretted some day, but none 80 much as the outspoken declaration by Senator Logan of Kentucky, one of the leaders of the Roosevelt forces in Congress, that he believes it would be well § within the spirit of the Constitu- tion for Congress 3 in effect to abol- ish the Supreme j Court altogether. Senator Logan : was once elected ; to the lughz‘.\t'§ court of Ken- tucky, so his re- marks on the new trend of admin- istration thought are being regard- ed seriously here as an indication of the lengths the Roosevelt regime feels it has a right to go in order to force the Supreme Court to decide cases as the Executive may desire. But here is the exact language of this portion of the debate between Senator O'Ma- honey of Wyoming, opponent of the court plan, and Senator Logan, as taken from the official record: “Mr. O'Mahoney—Did I understand the Senator correctly when I thought I heard him say that any act of Congress which would be within the letter ¢ the Constitution would be within its spirit? “Mr. Logan—I said it, because I said there was no difference between the letter and the spirit of the Con- etitution, plainly expressed. “Mr. O'Mahoney—And if the Con- gress should refuse to appropriate for the executive arm of the Government would that be within the spirit of the Constitution? “Mr. Logan—Absolutely within both the letter and the spirit of the Con- stitution. All Right to Kill Court. “Mr. O'Mahoney—Then is it the opinion of the able Senator from Ken- tucky that the Congress of the United States. by withholding appropriations from the judicial arm and from the executive arm of the Government, would be within the spirit of the Constitution by striking down the other two co-ordinate branches? | “Mr. Logan—That which is specifi- | cally allowed by the Constitution itself the Congress may do, and it is within | the spirit of the Constitution. No one can dispute that * * ».» Senator Logan went on to say that the procedure he had outlined was Justified because there was no other check upon the alleged autocracy of the Supreme Court. Senstor O'Ma- honey replied, however, that ths best check on Supreme Court decis: was to submit constitutional amendments in the future as had been done in the past. Stretching Matters. Benator Logan, of course, is stretch- ing matters to say that Congress would be within the spirit of the Constitution or the letter either if it refused to ap- propriate funds to pay the Supreme Court expenses each year. Actually | the Constitution stipulates that there £hall be “one Supreme Court” and | vests in that court “the judicial power” of the United States. The mere fact that the Constitution cre- ates the tribunal would seem to prove that the framers of the Constitution did not intend that any session of | Congress might destroy the Suprer g | Court by the simple device of refusing | to appropriate. As a matter of fact, if this reasoning were true, a President of the United States could in effect be rendered helpless in office by a hostile majority in Congress who refused to | appropriate either his salary or the expensd of the White House. No such method of attack on the acts of a Chief Executive was con- templated by the Constitution, which provides a method of impeachment for removing Presidents guilty of im- proper practices. The Congress was never intended to be a policeman over the judicial branch of the Govern- | ment either. | Would Destroy Balances, Senator Logan's conception would make Congress the supreme branch of | the Government, with greater power over the other two branches than ever | was hinted by any declaration, pro- | nouncement, speech or writing of any kind by any of the men who framed | the Constitution of the United States. The debate over the “packing” of the Supreme Court is bringing out | very clearly the revolutionary theories | which have been developed by the | Roosevelt administration toward the | traditional system of government which has been in operation for 150 years under a written Constitution. ‘The opponents of the “packing” plan have stood stanchly by the docu- ment, declaring that court packing is not only against the letter but the spirit of the Constitution. The de- fenders—Senators McCarran, O'Ma- honey, Burke, Bailey and Wheeler, to the one already O. K.'d by the bureau. There was pressure, whence de- The grant was extended, When Vice President Garner takes up his gavel again, as he will before long, there will be a number of highly abstruse and significant ponents sayeth not, reasons given for his return One can be given in advance. Uvalde. Here it is: .. 1f the present weather down there by the Rio Grande keeps up, “Cactus Jack” may leave his cacti and come to Washington to cool (The Senate chamber is air cooled.) : off. * % It seems, according to this highly confidential message from Mr. segment of God's country recorded the highest Garner, that last week his temperature in its history. (Copyright, 1937, by the North Ameriean Newspaper Alliance, Tne.) If it hadn't been for a technicality, it is quite possible that the Air Commerce Bureau would never have given permission for the last Ear- first round-the-world failure, caused by a smash-up in Honolulu in * % the subject, but after the aviatrix's March, there was a definite feeling in the bureau that a permit for a second attempt should be with- held. Meanwhile, its sharp refusal to permit the Paris-to-New York derby revealed the attitude of Air Commerce on flights of this na- ture, But Mist Earhart submitted plans for the East-to-West venture, and urged the technical point that it was merely a continuation of It comes under personal seal from * * mention only a few of them—have | virtually demolished the arguments of the President’s henchmen. Never | in my recollection has there been a finer debate or a group of United States Semators more alert to the de- fense of the Constitution. For years it has become an Amer- | ican habit to be rather cynical about | Congress. Not s0 today. For the men | Wwho have been taking the risks of po- litical reprisal by their own party—the New Deal political machines—have shown themselves worthy of compar- ison with the greatest of the American Senators of 50 and 100 years ago. They have made it necessary to dis- tinguish carefully between ‘“rubber stamps” and patriots, because here- after generalizations cannot be con- sidered to apply. (Copyright, 1937.) U. S. Machinery Exports Up. Use of American machinery in Ar- gentina has jumped 50 per cent in the last year. LUGGAGE ““Of the Better Gra Trunks, Bags, Belts LUTZ & CO Established 1804 1325 G St. N.W. NA. 0244 YOU NEED NEVER HAVE CORNS AGAIN! New Triple-Action Method Instantly relieves pain—Safely Re- > moves Corn DR.SCHOLLS ZINO-PADS KEEP ME RID OF CORNS Youdon’ corns form before you can do s—Prevents Them Coming Backl! t have to wait until CONVICTION REVERSED IN MAIL-FRAUD CASE! NEW YORK, July 13.—The United States Circuit Court of Appeals yes- terday reversed the convietion of three | former directors and offieers of the | National Title Guaranty Co. on a charge of conspiring to use the mails to defraud. The appellate court set aside the sentences of one year and three months each and fines of $1,000 each imposed on Manesseh Miller and Mat- thew 8, McNamara, former presidents ‘ of the company, and a year and l‘ day imposed on Charles E. Warren, vice president and treasurer, ‘ The actoin was based on allegedly fraudulent sales of guaranteed first mortgage oertificates. The reversal opinion said reasonable doubt as to gUIlt existed. | hours bill and the proposed farm bill | he means, because I observe he is mis- would take great areas of power away | understood. It is being said that he from the States and “pass the power is himself a Machiavelli—that he is to the President.” Not President, but Machiavellis. He shows that the proposal to di- vide the country into seven regional economic provinces would “tend fur- ther toward the twilight of the States, because the States do have some de- centralized independent regional po- litical power, but these seven eco- nomic provinces will have none; they are under Federal control.” He shows that the control thus taken from the States and transferred to Washington would not become con- trol by the Federal Government in the ordinary sense: it would not in- clude control by Congress. it would be control by one man, the Presi- dent. He shows that similar results would be brought by the court plan and other legislation. He shows, in conclusion, that “these proposed changes * * * fit into each other so perfectly as to suggest a de- liberate underlying but unspoken de- sign. The general says there is “a de- liberate underlying but unspoken de- | sign.” But at once he absolves Presi- dent Roosevelt personally from having conceived that design. He seems to absolve Mr. Roosevelt from even knowing the design. He says the de- 8ign is the work of some persons around the President whom he ecalls Machiavellis (and several other harsh names besides). He says he “would not be much afraid of such a system with Roosevelt as President.” But he “shudders to think of such a system in the hands of the Machiavellis - QUIRT ST ING SAYERSON coLumMBL 8/ HEAT, SIR? How comforting to step out of flring heat 7(,3 coolness of \ into the reinvigorating the Stevens! By the time you've reached your room, you'll begin to live again. A cold, bracing | 7 shower, a change of linen, and ( 80 to dinner—in any one of the four inviting, delightfully dining rooms of this - air-cooled : greathotel. Your Stevens night-time rest is well relax and go -, comfort . . . protected, too. Blistered, work-day rerves to sleep in cooling When anotherdny - : = # paving the way for a third term for President Roosevelt, that he is trying to make the impression that Mr. | | Roosevelt is the only man who can | safely administer “the remarkable | governmental machine being built and planned around him.” The charge that Gen. Johnson is a Machiavelli s not true. He is & simple man and a straight-shooter. He could not dis- simulate if he would and he would not | if he could. | But there is a good deal for Gen. | Johnson to explain. If President Roosevelt has no part in the design, in the building up of the dangerous | governmental machine, what must we infer about him? 1Is it that the Mach- | | favellis (who are very close to him) | | are too smart for him? And if by | 1940 we are going to have “the most | dangerous governmental machine on | earth,” are we going to be told then | that Mr. Roosevelt is the only man | who can safely administer this ma- chine? Are the Machiavellis shrewdly | widow of PXow.Pullir;g Wife making it indispensable for Mr. Roose- | velt to run for a third term? If not | that. who have they in mind as “their | choice of & successor”? I (Copyright, 1937.) ‘ TUESDAY, JULY 1 We, the People Contributions to Families of Victims of Industrial Warfare Advocated. BY JAY FRANKLIN. OME of my friends complain that they are being deluged with requests to send coniributions for the relief of the Basques. S ‘They say that they feel the greajest sympathy and admiration for the Basque nation and are horrified at the bombing of babies And murdering of women from a safe distance as practiced by the Fascist “liberators” of Bilbao. But they feel that it is only too safe and easy for professional liberals to espouse the Basques, while there are women and children within our own borders who are also the victims of atrocities committed with the approval of & substantial part of the population. Charity—they believe—should begin at home, and specifically at Chicago. Twelve people were killed by the Chicago police in the Memorial day massacre outside the Republic Steel Co.’s plant. Two more were aimilarly killed at Youngstown, Ohio, and before “the little civil war” of the steel strike is over a tribute to the vigilantes, deputy like maggots on the carcass of there will doubtless be more coffins as sheriffs and special police who swarm heavy industry. There are als0 a good number of wounded, some of whom will doubtless be incapacitated for a long period of time, as a result of the gentle attentions of “law and order.” From an alien point of view, there are two diflferent ways of regarding these casualties: They are either “victims of the class war” or they are the “ignorant dupes of acheming agitators.” From the American point of view, there can be only one: They are victims of An American You Should Know Viola Schantz Keeps Specimens of All U. S. Mammals. BY DELIA PYNCHON. Two hundred thousand mammals’ sking, skulls and skeletons rest in the National Museum. Row upon row of neat metal cases, 700 of them, contain the comprehensive collection of recent North American specimens. Thev are | as neat as beds in & hospital ward, as systematic as books in a library. A mammal, Viola Schantz explains, “is anything that suckles its young, This ircludes whales, porpoises. seals, walruses, which the layman does not always know.” This quiet, dark-haired young | woman is in charge of the mammalian laboratory, section of wild life, Bureau | of Biological Survey, Department of | Agriculture She superintends, in- voices, indexes, records, catalogues her mounting coilection She even pre- serves the skins, if necessary. the belief—mistaken or otherwise—that they were standing up for their elementary human rights. There should be some response from their fellow citizens. Some, if not all of them, must have had wives and children or dependent relatives, people who will starve or face ghastly privations unless they are cared for by the rest of us. In the struggle between the C. I. O. and the Fords, Girdlers and Weirs of heavy Industry, it may be exciting to scream “Martyr!” or reassuring to say that “they” have been taught respect for 1aw and order, but that won't feed, clothe or shelter the survivors. I should like Mr. Lee Pressman, attorney for the C. 1. O, to supply this column with names, addresses and other data on dependents, etc., of each of the men who were killed at Chicago, Youngstown and elsewhere in the strike area. I should like to know who these people were, where they came from, what sort of lives they had led and what they were like. Public opinion forced Paramount to show the newsreels of the Memorial day massacre. Public opinion ought now to do something about the survivors who need our succor, With this material in hand, I should like to urge the formation of & committee to collect funds for the care of the dependents of the men Who fell before the police bullets or had their brains battered out by the police clubs. It might be well to include the dependents, if any, of the man who testified about “bloody Harlan County” .before the La Follette Civil Liberties Committee and who was murdered as s00n as he returned to the Kentucky mountains, ambushed at night by assassins whose identity any one can guess. Why not Talse money for our own widows and orphans instead of lavishing these long-range emotions on the poor Basques? I should be honored to serve on such a committee, provided it would include people of different political faiths from all over the country and be not limited to metropolitan “intellectuals” and professional radicals whose sole interest would be self-advertisement or promotion of the “class war.” I should like to serve on such a committee in any case, for I have_seen in my own lifetime how easily the movement for American reform can be diverted into anriety about the dreadful state of aflairs in Europe and into a crusade to save the world instead of one to cultivate our own garden. Democracy, like charity, should begin at home, and before I am prepared to shed salt tears for the fate of Europe's democrats, I wish to do something to improve the lot of the people of America. We have victims of our own, women and children who are in need As a result of industrial warfare. Let's help them first and then. when our own house is in order, we can take on the Basques if necessary. (Copyright, 1937.) of John W. Davis, 65-year-old farmer, convicted of involuntary manslaugh- | ter in connection with the death of | his plow-pulling wife, Jodie, 34. | Davis, who admitted his wife helped NEW TRIAL DENIED Loses Plea. {pull & “bull-tongue” plow on their | WOODBURY. Tenn., July 13 (#).— |farm after his horse died. was con- Circuit Judge T. L. Coleman over- |victed last month and sentenced to ruled yesterday the new trial motion | one year in State prison. “It is of both scientific and eco- | nomic importance,” Miss Schantz said. “We exterminate carnivores for | Western cattlemen, using their skins for biologic, geographic study.” Maps thow where all the Felis, Amnosper- | mophilus, Canis, and so forth, may be found in two hemispheres. in caze | any one wants to know. These are commonly known as mountain lions, ground squirrels, wolves and covotes, Animal studies go on vear by year. Now it is mountain sheep. Skulls are everywhere. Then there are the little alcoholics, little animals pickled whols | in jars. Over 1.150 type specimens, representing whole groups, lie eotton= stuffed convincingly in serried ranks. Here are beautiful little moles, musk- rats, chipmunks, ground squirrels, all | different in skin color, skull character | Eighty different type specimens of shrews and bears contrastingly reposa in cases. Shrews are minute, hardly as big as a baby mouse, their skulls no larger than a bead, their fur sleek and brown. Skulls of the brown Alaska bear. on the other hand, when opened up, are large enough to hold & man's head. Mexican bats have a A most efficient set of teetn. There are | beautiful and rare wolverine skins, and not a moth in sight! Miss Schantz handles her vast eol- lection lovingly, intelligently. Her neat, precise handwriting marks the life history of each specimen. She her- self is neat, with luminous hazel eyes, that reflect the intense interest she has for this unusual job. “I was reared on a farm near Quakertown, Pa., feel at home with animals,” Miss Schantz said. Educated in Pennsylvania public schools, Perkiomen Seminary. she taught, came to the United States Biological Survey as a clerk in 1918, | has worked her way up. She is trease | urer of the American Society of Mam- the first woman ever to board of directors. malogists, I DHOTOGRAPH ‘ Cqupment Supplics HOTO SUPPLIES SHOPPE 1376 THE FIRST LIGHT TO REACH IT IS THE LJGHT IN YOUR EYES I's DARK inside a can of beer or ale. Darkness is friendly to beer flavor. That's why beer is aged in the dark. That's why brewers build windowless aging rooms, spend vast sums to protect their brews from light, heat and changing air conditions . . . When you buy beer or ale, arrives you'll awake refreshed, renewet, alive and ready for it. 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