Evening Star Newspaper, December 7, 1936, Page 29

THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MONDAY, DECEMBER 7, 1836. Text of U.S. Peace Project At Buenos Aires Draft Convention Consolidates Gondra, Kellogg and Saa- vedra-Lamas Pacts as Well as Two 1929 Agreements. B7 the Assoclated Press. BUENOS AIRES, December 7.—Fol- lowing is the text of the neutrality convention submitted by the United States delegation last night to the Inter-American Peace Conference: The governments of the republics Animated by a sincere desire to promote the maintenance of gen- eral peace in their mutual relations; Appreciating the advantages de- rived and to be derived from the various agreements already entered into condemning war as an evil to be avoided and providing methods for the conciliation and arbitration of international differences to which they are parties: Recognizing the need for placing further restrictions upon resort to war as a method of securing rights and enforcing demands against other states; Believing that for this purpose it is desirable to conclude a new convention co-ordinating existing agreements and extending them so as to provide more effectively for the pacific settlement under all cir- cumstances of disputes that may arise between them, have appointed Pplenipotentiaries as follows: (Names o} plenipotentiaries.) ‘Who, after having deposited their full powers, found to be in good and due form, have agreed upon the fol- lowing provisions: ARTICLE I Whereas by the treaty to avold and prevent conflicts between the American states, signed at Santi- ago May 3, 1923 (known as the Gondra Treaty), the high contract- ing parties agree that all contro- versies which it has been impossible to settle through diplomatic chan- nels or to submit to arbitration in accordance with existing treaties shall be submitted for investigation and report to a commission of in- quiry; and, Whereas, by the treaty for the renunciation of war, signed at Paris on August 28, 1928 (known as the Kellogg-Briand Pact, or Pact of Paris), the high contracting parties solemnly declare in the names of their respective peoples that they condemn recourse to war for the solution of international controver- sies and renounce it as an instru- ment of national policy in their relations with one another; and, Whereas by the general conven- tion of Inter-American Concilia- tion, signed at Washington, January 5, 1929, the high contracting par- ties agree to submit to the proce- dure of conciliation all controver- sies between them, which it may not have been possible to settle through diplomatic channels, and to establish a “commission of con- ciliation” to carry out the obliga- tions assumed in the convention, and Whereas, by the general treaty of inter - American arbitration, signed at Washington, January 5, 1929, the high contracting parties bind themselves to submit to ar- bitration, subject to certain excep- tions, all differences between them of an international character, which it has not been possible to adjust by diplomacy and which are Juridicial in their nature by reason of being susceptible of decision by the application of the principles of law, and moreover, to create a procedure of arbitration to be fol- lowed; and, ‘Whereas, by the anti-war treaty of non-aggression and conciliation, signed at Rio de Janeiro, October 10, 1933 (known as the Saavedra- Lamas treaty), the high contract- ing parties solemnly 'declare that they condemn wars of aggression in their mutual relations or in those with other States, and that the settlement of disputes or con- troversies between them shall be effected only by pacific means which have the sanction of inter- national law, and also declare that as between them territorial ques- tions must not be settled by vio- lence, and that they will not rec- ognize any territorial arrangement not obtained by pacific means, nor the validity of the occupation or acquisition of territories brought sbout by force of arms, and, more- over, in a case of non-compliance with ' these obligations, the con- tracting states undertakes to adopt in their character as neutrals a common and solidary attitude and to exercise the political, juridicial or economic means authorized by international law, and to bring the influence of public opinion to bear, without, however, resorting to in- tervention, either diplomatic or armed, subject nevertheless to ob- ligations that may be incumbent upon them by virtue of their col- lective treaties; and, furthermore, undertake to create a procedure of conciliation; Now, therefore, the high con- tracting parties renew their re- spective pledges that international differences that may arise be- tween them shall be settled by pacific means. Belleving, however, in the value of, and in the need for, consulta- tion and co-operation between them at all times in all mat- ters affecting their common in- terests, they agree that it is desir- able to create a practical means whereby an effective and continu- ing opportunity for such consulta- tion and co-operation shall be made available. They agree further that the pur- Poses of the agency through which such practical opportunity for consultation and co-operation shall be afforded, as later provided for in this convention, shall be the fol- lowing: (1) To assist, solely through the tender of friendly good offices and of mediation, in the fulfillment by the American Republics of exist- ing obligations of pacific settle- ment, and (2) To provide a means whereby the American Republics with full recognition - of their jurisdicial equality as sovereign and independ- ent states and of their general right to individual liberty of action, may nevertheless in every way consistent therewith, take counsel together whenever emergencies arise which affect their common interests. ARTICLE IL With the object of promoting action under this convention, it is agreed that there shall be estab- lished a permanent Inter-Ameri- ican Consultative Committee, com- posed of representatives of the high contracting parties, whose . duties it shall be to assist in the 4 observance of the several agree- " .ments enumerated in Article I of the present convention, and of the provisions of the subsequent articles of the present conventior. This committee shall collaborate on various ways and means of preventing conflicts of any kind, of avoiding recourse to force or of terminating any conflicts, that may be in progress; and its activities in this regard shall not be deemed to be in derogation of the func- tions of any other agency charged with the duty of promoting the pacific settlement of international disputes. It shall also have the duty of exchanging information and views looking to the correlation of legis- lative and administrative action taken or to be taken pursuant to the provisions of Articles VI, VII, VIII and IX of the present con- vention, The committee shall be com- posed of the Secretary of State or Minister for Foreign Relations, as the case may be, of each of the high contracting parties. These officials shall ipso facto be consid- ered members of the committee, upon the deposit by their govern- ments of their instruments of rati- fication of the present convention. The duties of any member of the committee may, under exception circumstances, be discharged by an alternate designated by the gov- ernment of which such member is a national. The first meeting of the com- mittee shall be held at a time and place to be agreed upon by the high contracting parties and shall take place within six months fol- lowing the date of the coming into force of the present convention. The initiative in bringing about the first meeting of the committee shall be taken by the government Subsequent meetings shall be held at such time and places as may be agreed upon by the come mittee, and may be held inde- pendently of any particular con=- troversy before the committee. The committee, during the ses- sions of its first meeting, shall determine all matters related to its organization and manner of functioning, taking special heed to establish efficient methods of procedure—such as arrangements for consultation by telephone, telegraph and mail—in order that the committee may be able to act at any time without the need of holding sessions at which the members of the said committee would be required to be present personally. Each contracting party shall bear the expenses of its own repre- sentative at meetings of the come mittee; any joint expenses shall be prorated equally among the contracting parties participating in such meetings. ARTICLE III. ‘The high contracting parties fur- ther agree that, in the event of a dispute between two or more of them, they will seek to settle it in & spirit of mutual regard for their respective rights, having recourse for this purpose to direct diplo- matic negotiation or to the alter- native procedures of commissions of inquiry, commissions of concil- iation, tribunals of arbitration, and courts of justice, as provided in the treaties to which they may be par- ties; and they also agree that, should the dispute go beyond the stage of direct diplomatic negotia- tions, they will report this fact to the permanent Inter-American Consultative Committee, for which provision is made by this conven- tion, and the particular procedure of pacific settlement, if one should be resorted to, to which they are having recourse and the progress which is being made in effecting a settlement. However, this report may be made even though the dis- pute is being negotiated through regular diplomatic channels, di- rectly between the foreign offices, if any of the parties considers it to be desirable and opportune to do so. ARTICLE IV. ‘The permanent Inter-American Consultative Committee shall, at the request of any one of its mem- bers, have the right to take consul- tative action on its own account to remind the parties to a controversy of their obligations under the trea- ties to which they are parties, and to act as mediator between them, either by assisting them in their resort to a particular procedure or by suggesting to them a special procedure which may appear to give promise of a more prompt and satisfactory settlement. Ess ARTICLE V. ‘The high contracting parties fur- ther agree that, in order to give greater effectiveness to the func- tions of the permanent Inter- American Consultative Committee in respect to assisting in the ful- fillment of their mutual obligations of pacific settlement, and in order to give to the committee the full- est opportunity of exercising its functions as mediator, in the event of a failure on the part of two or more of them to effect a settle- ment of a pending controversy, they will regard whatever media- tory action the committee may take as being in entire harmony with the existing treaties for the pacific settlement of international disputes to which they are parties; and fur- ther that, during cognizance of the dispute by the permanent Inter- American Consultative Committee they will not commit acts which may aggravate the controversy nor resort to hostilities nor take mili- tary action preliminary to hostili~ ties, ARTICLE V. The high contracting parties agree that in the unfortunate event that the methods provided by the present convention or earlier agree- ments concluded between them should fail to bring about a pacific settlement of differences that may arise between any two or more of trem, and hostilities should break out between two or more of them, they shall be governed by the fol- lowing stipulations: A. They shall, in accordance with the terms of the anti-war treaty, of non-aggression and cone ciliation (Saaverda-Lamas treaty), adopt in their character as neu- trals “a common and solidary attitude,” and shall, acting through the permanent Inter-American Consultative Committee, immedi- ately take cognizance of the out- break of hostilities in order that they may determine forthwith, either jointly or individually, whether such hostilities shall be regarded as constituting a state of war so as tp call into effect the neutrality provisions of the present convention, Should there be a declaration, by one or other of the parties, of the existence of a state of war, and notification thereof be made to the other states parties to this convention, such notification shall automatically call into effect the neutrality provisions of the pres- ent convention. B. It is contemplated that, in regard to the question whether hostilities actually in progress con- stitute a state of war, & decision by the permanent Inter-American Consultative Committee shall be reached promptly, but in any event should hostilities be actually in progress between two or more of the contracting parties, or between two or more signatory states not at the time parties to this con- vention by reason of failure to ratify it, each individual con- tracting party reserves the right to take notice of the situation and to declare that, for the purpose of its municipal legislation con- cerning neutrality, or for the pur- pose of the application of the rules of neutrality generally rec- ognized by international law, or for both purposes, a state of war exists and such action shall not be deemed an unfriendly act or afford ground for complaint on the part of any state affected thereby. ARTICLE VIL Individual neutral powers shall be free to impose such prohibi- tions or restrictions on trade and commerce between them and bel- ligerents, within the meaning of Article VI, as they may deem appropriate in the interest of their domestic policy or of international peace, and such prohibitions or restrictions shall not be regarded as in contravention of provisions in treaties or other agreements with respect to trade and com- merce, exception being made of provisions which are intended to secure freedom of transit as dis- tinct from those relating to direct commercial intercourse. Measures thus taken shall ap- ply equally to all the belligerents except insofar as the sald neutral powers are otherwise bound by multilateral treaties or conventions to which they are parties at the time of the entering into effect of this treaty. ARTICLE VIIL Upon the determination of the existence of a state of war be- tween two or more American Re- publics, those of the high con- tracting parties remaining neue tral, shall not permit, during the continuance of hostilities, the ex- portation from their respective Lovely, Practical Christmas Gifts! Sale!" Westinghouse Walffle Irons *3.98 Discontinued $5.95 Styles —Imagine how the family will enjoy having one of these on the breakfast table Christmas morning! Chrome-finished waffle irons with heat indicator that tells when to pour the batter. design. You'll like the Electrical Dept.—Third Floor. \ Mail and Phone Orders Filled Let the New G oburner %fm///m As little as $916 = PER WEEK ON MONTHLY BUDGET PLAN Buys the Oil Burner worthy of the mark Sold, guaranteed, installed, serviced and fueled by the makers of Essolene Installed Now with no interruption to | : ting Division STANDARD OIL COMPANY OF NEW JERSEY your heat sup Esso Mark«ters Oil He Esso Marketers Oil Heating Division Standard Oil Company of New Jersey Ny R R Annapolis Utilities, Incorporated West St., Aunapelis, Md. Phene Annapolis 123 territories of arms, ammunition, or implements of war to any of the belligerents, or to any neu- tral country for transshipment to, or for the use of, any of the bel- ligerents. For the purpose of this article the term, “arms, ammunition and implements of, war,” shall include the articles enumerated in Annex A, attached hereto, which is to be regarded as an integral part of the present convention. ARTICLE IX. ‘The high contracting parties agree to prohibit the flotation within their respective territories of any loans through the issuance of bonds, or other evidences of in- debtedness, and the establishment of any credit by or on behalf of the government of any American republic in a state of war with another American republic, as may be determined under the terms of this convention. ARTICLE X. It is agreed that the provisions of articles VIII and IX shall not ® PARKER be regarded as restricting the right of a neutral power to im- pose restrictions on trade and commerce between it and -belliger- ent countries in addition to those specified in those articles. ARTICLE XI. Nothing contained in this con- vention shall be deemed to inter- fere with obligations incumbent upon any of the high contracting parties by virtue of other multi- lateral treaties or conventions to which they are parties at the time of the entering into effect of this treaty. ARTICLE XII ‘The present convention shall be ratified by the high contracting parties and the ratifications shall be deposited with the Pan-Amer- ican Union, which shall com- municate the respective ratifica- tions to the other signatory gove ernments. It shall come into ef- fect when ratifications have been deposited by not less than—of the signatory powers. The convention shall remain fn Institute is credited with the saving force indefinitely, but it may be denounced by any of the high con- tracting parties, such denunciation to be effective one year after the date of notification thereof has been given. Notice of denunciation shall be communicated to the Pan-Ameri- can Union, which shall transmit copies thereof to the other con= tracting parties. Notice of denun- ciation shall not be regarded as valid if the party making such de- nunciation should be actually in a state of war or engaged in hos- tilities as foreseen in Article VI In faith, whereof, the plenipo- tentiaries above mentioned have signed this treaty in Portuguese, English, Spanish and Prench, and have affixed thereto their respective seals. Done at Buenos Aires, on this day of . 60,000 Lives Saved by Group. Britain's Royal National Lifeboat of more than 60,000 lives since its foundation more than 100 years ago. USED OVER 80 YEARS TO FIGHT NATIONALLY FAMOUS FOUNTAIN PENS o WATERMAN ® SHEAFFER The perfect gift—for man or woman, boy or girl! Three famous pens—Parker’s, Vacuumatic, Waterman’s Lady Patricia, Sheaf- fer’s Feather Touch. In smart colors—and engraved in gold or silver with name or initials. Matching pencils, $2.50 to $4. Other fo.untain pens in the same lines, 2.75 to $10 SHEAFFER PEN AND PENCIL SET o A handsome set made doubly distinctive by silver or gold engraved name or initials. Sizes for men and women. In black, ebonized pearl, grey, brown. Other Sheaffer sets from 3.95 to $15 (The wl Co.. % Floor. THE HECHT CO. F Street at Seventh NAtional 5100