Evening Star Newspaper, November 4, 1936, Page 8

A8 = < b.0.P. “DANGER" CRY IS STIFLED Side Issues Developed In-| sufficient Strength to Swing Election. BY REX COLLIER. It was & question of the New Deal, with all its implications—and the Re- publicans sought to make those impli- cations sinister in the extreme—or the old deal, defined by Gov. Landon and his ardent followers as the “American way.” Involved in the New Deal philosophy ‘were such debated policies as whole- sale spending of Government funds to creste employment and alleviate suf- fering and regulation of private in- dustry to end “economic tyranny.” Along with these policies went un- balancing of the budget, and increas- ing of the national debt. Opposed to those policies were the Landon campaigners, who charged “waste and extravagance” of the peo- | ple’s money, engendering of class hatred, stifing of private enterprise, | imposition of burdensome taxes on this and future generations and “dou- ble bookkeeping” by the Treasury. ‘They proposed a “return to constitu- tional Government,” balancing of the budget by economy and governmental March 31—President Roosevelt signed April 19—Embargo on gold shipments ordered April 21—Premier MacDonald of Eng- | May 17—President Roosevelt signed 1933, cept under THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1936, HIGHLIGHTS OF ROOSEVELT’S ADMINISTRATION the Muscie Shoals-Tennessee Valley ernment and private contracts and 8 bill creating s PFederal employ- ment service. session of the Seventy-third | June 16—The special session of Con- assembled and dictatorial over transactions in credit, cur- rency, gold and silver in domestic or foreign exchange. Gold hoarding and exporting were forbidden. 14—Wine and beer were legal- —President Roosevelt abol- ished the Pederal Farm Board and consolidated all Pederal farm credit & bill cresting the Civilian Conser- avtion Corps. abrosd by President Roose- velt. land, ex-Premier Herriot of Prance and Premier Bennet of Canads be- gan conferences with President Roosevelt on world economic condi- tions. May 12—President Roosevelt signed the sgricultural adjustment act which carried an inflation rider, and signed the $500,000,000 unemploy- ment relief bill. May 16—President Roosevelt proposed to 5¢ nations an agreement to begin disarmament and abide by treaty restrictions. gress adjourned, President Roose- velt signed the national industrial recovery act, the Gisss-Steagall banking reform act, independent offices act, the new taxation act and the farm credits act, allotted . | April 21—President Roosevelt signed international returning the United States to the gold standard. August 23—A. A. A. pig-killing cam- ’:.f begun in an effort to increase 1 price of hogs. August 27—Dissolution of President Rooseveilt’s “brain trust” began with resignation of Prof. Raymond Moley. September 21—President Roosevelt au- thorized the A. A. A. to buy and distribute to the needy $75,000,000 worth of surplus food and clothing materials, Beptember 22—President Roosevelt ap- proved the wage agreement of the bituminous cosl industry. November 16—United States’ recogn!- tion of Russia approved by President Roosevelt. December 5—The eighteenth amend- ment was repealed by vote of the Utah State Convention, making the thirty-sixth State to ratify the twenty-first amendment. President Roosevelt prociaimed liquor taxes. December :hl.—m Roosevelt Pebruary 9—President Roosevelt can- celed sll airmail contracts. March 24—Congress passed and Pres- ident Roosevelt signed the bill giv- uwm::rmmwmmm the Bankhead bill for compulsory restriction of cotton acreage. May 10—The worst drought in the Natlon’s history became serious, continuing until late Pall. The Government applied extensive re- Nef measures. June 6—President Roosevelt signed the act regulating stock exchanges. June 12—President Roosevelt signed the reciprocal tariff bill. June 20—President Roosevelt signed the communications bill providing control over radio, wireless, tele- graph and telephone. October 1—Gen. Hugh 8. Johnson re- signed as N. R. A. administrator. November 6—In Corigressional elec- tions the Democratic party gained nine seats each in the Senate and the House, ‘ 1935, January 3—The Seventy-fourth Con- gress convened to hear President Roosevelt declare that public works Jobs mrat be substituted for relief payments, January 7—The Supreme Court held, 8 to 1, that the oil produetion con- . R. A. were January 29—The Senate defeated the President’s proposal to enter the oty o Court Pebruary 18—The Supreme up- held Congress in abrogating the gold clause in private contracts. April 8—President Roosevelt signed s bill - providing $4,880,000,000 for works relief. May 6—The SBupreme Court held the railroad retirement act unconstitu- tional, May 22—President Roosevelt delivered personally to Congress his veto mes- sage on the Patman bonus bill. May 27—The Supreme Court held the national industrial recovery act and the farm mortgage moratorium act unconstitutional. June 10—President Roosevelt proposed to Congress enactment of higher taxes on inheritances and gifts and s gradusted scale of tax rates on corporations. July 5—President Roosevelt signed the ‘Wagner labor relations bill. August 9—President Roosevelt signed the social security bill benefits to an estimated 28,000,000 persons. August 26—The President signed the “death sentence” bill amending the utility holding company control act. August 29—President Roosevelt signed the new railroad pension bill and s companion measure to raise pen- slon money by taxes on the rail- ways; also & new farm mortgage moratorfum bill. 15 dead—but its spirit lives on” and| pointed out that the President has never repudiated the N. R, A. That speech definitely injected the |N. R. A into the campaign. There- | after the Republican high command “bait” candidate in an effort to obtain a commitment on the N. R. A. and its proposed revival. In the Portland address Landon | attacked “planned economy” and de- | clared the people “are being taken | down the road which leads to a cen- tralized government of unlimited | power.” reorganization, giving free rein to| business, “‘restoring confidence in Gov- | ernment.” To hear both sides explain it, both Paths of Government down which the voters were urged to tread were con- stitutional and “American.” Each charged the other with greed for power, with evasion, with demagoguery. Issue Defined by President. All of which, of course, is s part | POF i of the “American scene” in politics. | “Let me restate the “"“':'m g:". And the voters love it. Landon said. “Do we wan! : The President, in his address at|®rment prying into every little detal _ | of our business lives? Do we want the Thiladelphis, ACCEPUDE 1he DOMINA" | Government forbldding us to plant ileged princes” on the one hand and a "people’s” Government that seeks Do v{t Tylnt free government in to end industrial “despotism,” on the | America other, “The economic royalists,” the New Deal candidate shouted in that open- ing speech, “complain that we seek to overthrow the institutions of Amer- ica. What they really complain of is that we seek to take away their power.” Again: “Privileged princes of these new economic dynasties, thirsting for power, reached out for control over Government itself,” and “they cre- ated & new despotism and wrapped it in the robes of legal sanction.” He added that “we have conquered " fear” Less than a month later, in his ac- ceptance address at Topeka, Gov. Lan- don formally threw down the gage with & challenge of New Deal policies, which he saw fit to describe as “care- less thinking, unworkable laws and incompetent administration.” Landon Outlines Views. “The time has come to stop this fumbling with recovery,” the Repub- lican candidate declared. “The time has come to unshackle initiative and free the spirit of American enter- prise.” With obvious reference to Roose- velt’s castigation of “big business,” the Kansan asserted, “We must be freed from incessant Government in- timidation and hostility.” He proceeded to outline his concep- tion of the outstanding issue of the campaign, as follows: “The ques- tion is not, as stated by the adminis- tration, how much money the Amer- ican people are willing to spend for relief. The question is how much | waste the American people are willing | to stand for in the administration of relief.” Declaring “there is no future on the relief rolls” he said: “While spending billions of borrowed money may create a temporary appearance of prosperity, we and our children, as the Midwest, while the President bided his time for launching his own speak- ing tour. The Kansas Governor at Des Moines and Minneapolis assailed the New Deal farm program, and, replying to Roosevelt'’s defense, at Quebec, of reciprocal trade agree- ments, claimed the Cansdian pact has “hurt the American market.” He advocated crop insurance, drought re- lief, soil conservation, increased crops to meet increased demands created by recovery. Security Act Criticised. The social security act entered the campaign as an issue on September 26, when Landon, before & Milwaukee audience, criticized the new law as “unjust, unworkable, stupidly drafted and wastefully financed.” In its stead he proposed “economy, & living pen- sion and such security as can be provided by a generous people” through s “pay as you go" security plan, financed by a “direct, visible, widely distributed tax.” ‘There arose about this time, also, another “issue”—communism. It was brought into the open by Willlam Randolph Hearst in a series of news- paper articles, charging “red” support of the President. Anticipating the blast, the White House issued s press statement, severely criticizing the ex- pected attack by “s notorious pub- lisher.” At the very outset of his political speaking campaign, at Syracuse, N. Y. on September 20, the President referred to “many false issues” and “red herrings,” and sald: “Desperate in mood, angry at fail- ure, cunning in purpose, individuals and groups are seeking to make com- munism an issue in an election where communism is not a controversy be- tween the two'major parties. “Here and now, once and for all, let us bury that red herring and Landon then made a swing through | o address, he asserted that “conditions congenial to communism were being bred and fostered throughout this Ne- tion up to the very day of March 4, 1933." “The previous administration,” he sald, “bewildered, did nothing. In their speeches they deplored it, but by their actions they encouraged it.” Predicts Balanced Budget. ‘Tbe President took direct cogni- zance of issues raised by his opponents when he spoke before a huge crowd in Forbes Field, Pittsburgh, on Oc- tober 1. Giving his audience some “scoreboard arithmetic” on Federal finances, he defended his budget, spending and taxation policles and concluded with a prediction that, if | prosperity continues, he would bal- ance the budget “within a year or two.” “We had to balance the budget of the American people before we could balance the budget of the National Roosevelt said at Pitts- burgh. t makes common sense, doesn't it?' He said that “in these dark days, | between us and a balanced budget atood millions of needy Americans,” | and that “to balance the budget in 1933 or 1934 or 1935 would have been & crime against the American people.” As for spending, he claimed it was “an investment in the future of America” He sald Hoover's admin- istration had increased the national debt by $3,000.000,000 in three de- pression years “and there was noth- ing to show for it while the New Deal had increased the debt by about $8,000,000,000 “and there is much to show for it." His statement in the same speech that “over a billion and a half went for payment of the World War veter- ans' bonus this year instead of 1948, and that payment is now out of the way and is no longer & future ob- ligation of the Government” was dis- puted warmly by subsequent Republic- an speakers who claimed the Govern- ment merely borrowed money with which to pay the bonus and this debt must be paid eventually. Cites Results of Spending. “As for the other 6% billions of the deficit,” the President explained, “we didn’t just spend the money, we spent it for something. America got some- thing for what we spent—conserva- tion of human resources through C. C. C. camps and work relief, conservation of natural resources of water, soil and forest; billions for security and a better life.” He deacribed the “foolish fear” about the “crushing load the debt will im- pose upon your children and mipe,” denying that the burden would be borne by "oppressive taxation on fu- ture generations.” “It is going to be paid out of an | for all ordinary and relief expense: ot" the Government; in other words, to balance the budget.” Roosevelt and Landon both spoke in the Middle West on October 9, the | former indorsing farm co-operatives and reciprocal trade treaties at St. Paul, and the latter reiterating his objections to New Deal financing and “buresucracy” at Chicago. Landon promised a balanced budget by “cutting out waste and extrava- gance, by putting an end to the use of public funds for political purposes, by restoring hard-working, painstak- ing, common sense administration.” He cited the New Deal's several prom« ises to balance the budget and its fail- ure to do so. He objected to the Treas- ury's “double-bookkeeping” as “jug- gling” the figures. He sald the ordi- nary cost of government has increased | 36 per cent instead of being decreased | the 35 per cent he sald was promised by Roosevelt prior to his inauguration. Accepts Base Ball Analogy. Accepting the President’s base ball analogy st Pittsburgh, Landon said the “ball score” was “25 billions spent, 13 billions added to the public debt, 16 millions of unemployed left on base.” Heading into Nebraska, the Presi- dent made & plea the next day at Omaha for re-election of Senator George Norris, Republican progres- sive, and held forth a four-point farm program: 1, soil conservation; 2, in- creased consumption; 3, abolishment of the farm tenancy evil; 4, crop in- sursnce. ‘While Landon was lambasting pres- ent relief policies at Cleveland on Oc- tober 13, Roosevelt defended them at Denver, “Washington did not originate the projects,” the President told his Col- orado audience. “You did, * * * Today it is a pitiful spectacle to see Re- publican leaders call this great proe gram waste and extravagance, for they are the same leaders who, when thelr own Btate or city or county was involved, were the first to run to Washington pleading for Federal aid." To this Landon countered in Ohio wit “Money intended for the relief of human suffering’ is being diverted to the building up of a shameless polit- ical machine. “After three years it must be ob- vious to every one that waste and extravagance do not make jobe. Cracking down on business and arous- ing class hatreds do not restors em- ployment.” “Everybody knows there is too much politics in relief. This has become & national acandal.” “Our people want to stand on their own feet.” Asks Federal Aid Grants. He pleaded fqr return of relief ad- ministration to the States, with Fede eral aid grants to States paying their proportionate share. The next day the candidates moved on to new flelds. President Roosevelt, at Wichits, in Landon's own State, deplored “political bedtime stories,” “whispering ghosts” and “stalking bogeyman,” by which, he claimed, his opponents were trying to “spread the gospel of fear.” He reiterated that within & year or s0, “with income in- creasing and expenditures declining, we shall be able to balance the budget.” That day Gov. Landon, at Detroit, continued to spread the “gospel” by telling his audience: “Make no mis- take about it. This threat (the New Deal) to our form of Government is & major issue in this campaign.” He demanded repeal of “autocratic pow- ers” granted the President by Con- gress and sought an answer to the qQuestion, “Does the administration plan to re-enact the N. R. A.?" A day later, on October 14, at the Chicago Stadium, the President de- livered his principal appeal to the business interests of the Nation. “I believe, I have always believed, and I will always believe, in private enterprise as the backbone of eco- August 31—The President signed s Benate resolution forbidding ship- ment of arms to belligerent na- October 5—Shipment of arms and am- munitions to either Italy or Bthiopia was banned by President Roosevelt, November 25—The Supreme Court en- Joined collection of rice processing ::n pending the A. A. A. deci- n. 1936, Jsnuary 6—The Supreme Court held the agricultural adjustment act un- constitutional. Pebruary 17—The Supreme Court ruled that the T. V. A. could pur- chase transmission lines from the Alabama Power Co. May 18—The Guffey coal bill was de- clared unconstitutional by the Su- preme Court. June 4—Speaker of the House Joseph W. Byrns died; Representative W. B. Bankhead of Alabams was elect- ed speaker. President signed a record $526,000,000 naval bill. June 13—Roosevelt says Nation fs “world-minded,” but will confine itself to “moral help” of danger- beset nations. June 20—President signs Robinson- Patman chain store bill designed to protect independent merchants from unfair price discriminations. June 21—8econd Roosevelt Congress comes to an end—Substitute Guffey coal bill killed in filibuster by Sen- June 37—Vice President Garner Te- | nominated — Roosevelt denounces “economic royalists” in nomination acceptance speech at Philadelphia. July 7—President ordered department heads to effect savings. July 22—Roosevelt ordered gradual of postmastership ap- pointees into civil service. July - 31—President hailed United States-Capadian friendship in ad- dress at Quebec. August 26—President started “non- political” tour of drought area in Mid it September 3v—President and Gov. Landon met \at' Des Moines to talk over drought problems. and France. September 29—Mr. Roosevelt formally opened cam, for re-election with speech af Byracuse repudiating the support of any advocate of communism any other alien "sm.” October 12—8eretary Morgenthau announced “few gold standard” entailing day-to-day stabilization with Britain and France. November 3—Naiion went to polls, _—_—-_——_—_—————_—:m‘: NEW DEAL PHILOSOPHY SWEEPS NATION FOR ROOSEVELT of government.” At iy he appealed for sup- 'maratic “bolters,” at Tulsa | he defended hinself against “malicious charges” to effect he had ham- pered educatiy in Kansas, and at Indianapolis he sdvocated mediation {and arbitration it international dis- putes, but opposed he World Court. The day that Ladon spoke in In- dianapolis, Presiden: Roosevelt, in an address to a series »f business men's dinners, declared: “No one in the United States belices more firmly than I in the system of private busi- ness, private prosperty and private profit.” and “we are wsolved to keep politics out of busines.” The Republican drite on social se- curity taxes was becoming more in- cessant, and the Presilent took an- other slam a employus who were “spreading half-truths ibout the so- cial security law.” Shortly thereafter, in a brief ad- dress at Baltimore, Gov. Landon re- sumed his charges that tae New Deal ‘Was oppressing business. Re said busi- ness slumped after administration measures became operative and re- covered “only when the Supreme Court knocked off some of its shackles by holding the N. R. A. unconstitu tional” He amplified his list of the issues thus: “Debauching of the civil service,” “alliance with corrupt eity machines,” “Farley methods in ad- | ministration of the W. P. A.” and “il- legal use of the taxpayers’ money to build up class hatred and entrench nomic well being in America,” he | announced. | He pictured his administration as | the rescuer of business from ‘the brink of ruin." “The people of America,” he em- phasized, “have no quarrel with busi- ness. They insist only that the power of concentrated wealth shall not be abused.” Cites “Outstanding Issue.” ‘Two days after Landon's speech at | Detroit, President Roosevelt appeared there and stated: “When the smoke and dust of this political campaign clears away on the night of November 3, history will record that the out- standing issue of the campaign was | this: Shall the social and economic security and betterment of the masses of the American people be main- | tained and strengthened or not?” At Cleveland the next day, October | 16, he declared “the record shows that | no administration in the history of | the United States has done so much courage the business of the Na- tion. The following week Roosevelt opened his drive in New England and Landon | | invaded the Far West. At Providence and at Worceser, Gov. | Launching his fight for New Eng-| land votes on Ortober 21, at Provi-| dence, “regimentation” igue by saying: “We | will not again allav our people to be | ate in New York, Pennsylvania, New regimented by selish minorities 1nw;Jemy and Delaware, Gov. Landon bankruptcies and ‘breadlines.” same day, at Worcister, Mass., he de- | torical outbursts against the New Deal livered a scathing gtack on “pay roil | in that section of the country. propaganda,” “mishformation about | administration taxe” and ‘“propa- | declared the “New Deal wields the nndl: about the seurity tax in pay same ax which has destroyed the lib- envelopes.” | the President accepted the The | Obviously concernel over the drive | to make the social sewrity tax a ma- | jor issue, the Presi the employer as welllas the worker must pay the security fee and con- tended that the funds for the sole benefit of t. dejt stressed !hnt! worker.” re being hexd} He denied that new\ or xncre..ud[ taxes would be necessay to balance | the budget and said tha while taxes | to are higher for those “why can afford | dent evaded a query as to whether he to pay more” they ar4 lower for intended to revive the N. R. A, “those who can afford t4 pay less.” | The individual income taX had been | Landon Speaks in Wet. | While the President was speaking "ENTER CONFIDENTLY... Engine is already oiled to start IT'S OIL- PLATED “Morning Drag" is unknown in this heatless garage. The car inside has its engine Oil-Plated for Winter. The the New Deal in power.” Prepares Final Appeal. While the President secluded him- self in the White House to prepare his final campaign appeal to the elector- already was delivering a series of ora- At Philadelphia, on October 26, he erties of 5o much of the old world,” and charged his opponents with “open and impudent” use of public funds for political purposes. At Pittsburgh the following evening he accused the New Deal of “the most open, the most crude and the most brutal use of the spoils system this country has ever known.” In his last press conference prior election, on October 27, the Presi- Shortly thereafter he started out en his trip to New York and several States reduced for the “average imerican,” | en route. he said. While the President was rededicat- ing the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor, on October 38, Landon (See COLLIER, Page A-11) destroy that false issue. * * * I have not | increased nationsl income and indi- sought, I do not seek, I repudiate, the | vidual income produced by increasing support of any advocate of commun- | National prosperity,” he declared, add- ism or of any other alien ‘ism’ which |ing: “If the National income keeps would by fair means or foul change | on rising at the present rate, as I am our American democracy.” confident it will, the receipts within taxpayers, have as yet to pay the bill,” During July and August President Roosevelt made no campaign speeches, although he managed to keep “in the news" with addresses on international owner outside is still six strides away from-the starter butten. But already his Oil-Ploted engine is oiled to the top by its slippy Oil-Plating. ®ood will at Quebec on July 31, and at Chatauqua, N. Y., on August 15, In the Quebec speech he cited our recip- rocal trade pact with Canada as “an example of good will” and called for “frank dealing. co-operation and a spirit of give-and-take between na- tions.” At Chatauqua he declared “I hate war,” and pledged himself to do all in his power to prevent for- eign entanglements. Opposing Candidates Meet, One of the “human interest” high lights of the campaign was the meet- ing between the two opposing candi- dates at the Governors’ drought con- Terence on September 3. President Roosevelt told newsmen he had “a grand day,” and Gov. Lan- don described the President as “a very charming gentleman,” Returning from a drought survey of Nine Western States, the President, in & radio “chat” from the White House on September 6, declared he had found “no simple panacea™ for the drought problem. On that occasion he met Republican charges that the New Deal was throt- tling business by a declaration that “Government spending was in large part responsible for keeping industry going,” and agreed with the G. O. P, that “private enterprise is necessary to any nation which seeks to main. tain the democratic form of govern~ ment.” In the meantime Landon, in sppesr- ances at West Middlesex, Pa., his birthplace, and st Buffalo, had plunged boldly into his drive for the Presidency, At West Middlesex the Kansas Gov- ernor appealed for “the American way” and stated “the American rem- edy for unemployment is real work at good wages.” Hits “Mounting Deficits.” At Buffalo he hit at “mounting defi- cits,” “invisible taxation,” “reckiess spending,” the “will o’ the wisp finane cial policy” and failure of the admin. istration to balance the budget. “We are living in a fool's paradise, far beyond our income,” Landon told opened his campeign, Gov. 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