Evening Star Newspaper, November 4, 1936, Page 13

% form legislation and an increase in THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 4, 1836. A—13 U. S. Watches Effect on Business Long Range Trend to Develop After First of Year. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. OW that the election results have come in, the next and most important question to be answered is what the effect Will be on business in the immediate future, For several weeks, have been con- sidering the al- | ternatives, have been trying to figure out what the after-effects might be. For the most part they considered the outcome in three ways. They assumed, first, & ;, Roosevelt victery NArrow mar- second & ndon victory a narrow mar- , and, third, & sevelt victory by a wide margin ich meant a big popular majority father than a big electoral vote. Taking up each of these possibili- ties, business men genuinely feared the last. They thought it might be Interpreted as encouragement to rad- feal forces and groups which would iBsist upon more and more class legislation and greater subsidies. Such a development was regarded as leading only to inflation and high prices with unfavorable repercussions #ometime in the next 18 months even to the point of a serious, run-away Pprice situation. As for the Landon victory—and it Wwas considered possible if at all then by a narrow margin—the impression was that the first effects would be unfavorable. This was because of the expected cutting down of government expenditures perhaps more abruptly than Landon himself might really in- tend, but embracing a sort of de- flationary movement. But while the view held was that business would be Unsettled for a few weeks or months, the theory accompanying such a dip was that a more substantial upward movement and & more solid building of business would result later as soon #s the Government props were grad- | ually removed from the economic | structure. Narrow Margin Wanted. Likewise it was believed that long- term financing would open up after a Landon triumph and might still hesitate under Mr. Roosevelt till his budget plans were disclosed next Jan- uary. What most business men hoped for, whether they were Landon or Roose- velt supporters, was & narrow margin result for either candidate. In the| case of a Roosevelt triumph the theory ' was that the size of the protest vote | would have a sobering effect on ex- | Pperimentation and radicalism and would indicate a receding tide of re- business men David Lawrence conservative voting in both houses of | Congress. In other words, the elec- | tion results were looked upon as pos- | sibly forecasting 1933, and that, of tourse, means an effect on the be- havior of members of Congress in Jan- | uary next, when the record that will be voted upon by the people in No- vember, 1938, begins to be made. Clue in Congressional Elections. It is no exaggeration to say that) even among many who supported the | New Deal cause whole-heartedly there @« Was a desire for a more proportionate | representation of the major parties in | Congress so as to revive the checks | #and balances of sound Government. | The congressional results, therefore, | will furnish much more of a clue to | the attitude that business assumes in | the next few weeks than even the presidential result. | For it America is drifting toward eentralized Government or virtual dic- tatorship, ‘as claimed by the anti- Roosevelt speakers jn the campaign, the question of whether Congress will | or will not revoke the powers it grant- ed to the Chief Executive becomes one that the electorate can begin to con- | sider in January, when the true line- | up of parties and groups in Congress | begins to be revealed. There has been throughout the eampaign an undercurrent of expres- ®ion amounting to a conviction that a second Roosevelt administration would be more conservative than the first, though this theory received a ! bit of a shock in Mr. Roosevelt's speech at Madison Square Garden. G. 0. P. Gains to Be Observed. It will be possible to deduce from | the election results many interpreta- tions, but uniformly the fact that the Republicans make gains in Congress wili probably receive the most wide- | spread attention. { So far as re-employment is con- cerned, this depends to no small ex- | tent on whether the Federal Govern- ment’s fiscal policy takes on & better look, and this will not be known till the revised figures are announced in January in the budget message. Long- term borrowing by private companigs Will await the definition of Federal policy. But there is another aspect of the matter that will require clarification. How far will a.Roosevelt triumph encourage labor groups to make de- mands for higher wages and shorter hours. Will we have a series of labor disputes, strikes and contro- versies? There are indications that labor was restrained during the cam- palgn Tfrom making demands that would have led to serious disputes only by administration officials who were persuasive in keeping a sort of truce before election. Now that the election is over and the maritime unions are beginning the struggle anew, there may be a sort of out- break of. jurisdictional strikes in other fields. May Force Peace. Mr. Roosevelt is not expected to change his policy on these points but an outbreak of strikes that seriously interrupt recovery might force him to take a more aggresive position in trying to bring capital and labor together. Meanwhile, the Supreme Court of the United States may in the next few months announce s decision on the Wagnér act and this 1s expected to do more toward shaping labor policy than the poorly drawn statute which, with its vague phrases, has caused so much unrest. The benefits of collective bargaining un- doubtedly will be better assured under legislation that comes within the Con- stitution. ‘To sum up, the immediate effects of the electiom on business will not be noticeable but the long range ef- fects will be felt after the first of the year. 3 ¥ | his survivors, said they found in his | News Behind the News Roosevelt Campaign Strategy Lauded—Congres- sional Probe of Coughlin Is Forecast. A i feeignes. swidals el ket it 'HO should get the campaign efficiency medal not clear yel The final returns will decide that. Then you will know which strategy delivered most in what district. However, there are at least three deserving brows around Democratic headquarters. Now it can be told, because it is now worth telling, that middie-aged political tacticlans considered the strategy of the Democratic campaign the best they have ever seen. The main technical theme was to drive home the point that any one who opposed President Roosevelt was an economic royalist or & plutocrat, a luster for power or at least some one who was highly undesirable. The extent to which the point was driven home is evident in the results. From the technical standpoint also, the secondary purpose of the cam- paign was to get Mr. Roosevelt re-elected without burdening him with specific promises. As a matter of established fact the campaign ended without an official record of any annoying promises, including a specific balanced budget, monetary stabilization, curtailment of expenditures, N. R. A, constitutional amendments, . THATS ONE LOAD silver, expansion of co-operatives, I1WONT BE or what not. In connection with ssuflDENED WITHI all these and other issues, the 3 President left himself full freedom of action. In addition, his campaign direc- tors drew votes from factions as far apart as adversaries can be. They got the support of some sound con- servatives like Senator Carter - Glass on the same ticket with the New York elector, Dubinsky; a Morgan partner and Socialists, Tugwells and Ropers, Southern Democrats and Negroes. No broader base of political appeal has ever been offered in any presidential race in history. The trio given credit around headquarters is: Mr. Roosevelt himself, who played more of & part than candidates usually do in the minor phases of their campaigns; Chairman Farley, who devoted himself solely to organizing everybody, and Charles Michelson, who was the chief inside adviser of both Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Farley. * * % % Chairman Farley never forgets, and. unless his memory completely vanishes now that the election is over, there will be a congressional in< vestigation of Father Coughlin in January. At least, the Coughlinites have been given good inside reasons for expecting it and have made their preparations accordingly. That is why the Royal Oak broadcasting parson has been- dashing around the country settipg his organization in order. He has kicked out his leaders in Rhode Island, for example, and sent auditors in to straighten out the books. Bookkeeping troubles usually develop in such mushroom organisations which also cater to toadstools. A% For this and other reasons it would not be surprising if Father Coughlin were promoted in the religious vocation of his choosing. He is exceptionally proficient as a preacher and organizer and thor- oughly schooled in church history. It will be equally surprising if he does not drop compietely and forever his avocations of politics and economics, in which he was excessively deficient. * % x Final campaign speeches should not be taken too seriously. After months of overexertion and excitement, candidates sometimes let them- selves go. Few well-informed observers really expected serious consequences from Mr. Roosevelt’s assertion in Madison Square Garden that: “I should like to have it said of my first administration that the forces of selfishness and of lust for power met their match. I should like to have it said of my second administration that in it these forces met their master.” No one believes the President is planning an emigration of all people who voted Republican today, although he did offer a blanket extradition invitation in the same speech. There may be considerable wonder about it, but the revealing fact is the President mentioned no names, Some of his friends, who lament the use of the word “master” by any governmental authority in a democracy, say he was excep= tionally bitter because of the use of social security taxr propaganda in workers’ pay envelopes. They predict mo erodus, voluntery or involuntary. Also no “master.” The President will take a two weeks' cruise now, for which the fore- cast is: “Fairer and cooler.” ‘Wall Street is a misnomer. It - no longer is symbolic in the pre- MASTER'? cisp sense in which the politicians use it. But Wall, Broad, Fifth Avenue, Broadway and all the other main streets which signify substantial business were really not as upset as advertised about the prospects of a Roosevelt vic- tory. They expected it more or less from the beginning. The'bet- ter judgments with swanky ad- dresses concluded that Roosevelt success would make only a little national economic difference in the aggregate. The only thing they ly expected from a Roosevelt re-election was & White House drive for organization of the steel industry and strengthen- ing of unions. As far as tre new economic legislation is concerned, they have been more or less convinced that Mr. Roosevelt would not be able to do all he has intended to do. They anticipated the prospect of another N. R. A. fight in opbe guise or another, and perhaps even a constitutional amend- ment proposal, but were convinced Congress and popular opinion would probably stop either move. That is why they have been thinking business would be so good re- gardless of the election. Thinking that will make it so. (Copyright, 1436.) and had been decorated with the Croix de Guerre. ‘They said his body would be sent DEATH LIFTS VEIL ON MYSTERIOUS CAREER |, 3 e o o e e soeme | friends. Death was attributed to a Secretive Musician's Belongings | cerebral hemorrhage. Indicate He Was U. 8. Spy SR Before World War. PLOT LEADER EXECUTED BY the Associated Press. ROCKY MOUNT, N. C. November | SAN SALVADOR, El Salvador, No- vember 4 (#).—The government an- 4—Otto Weikoff, a close-mouthed | nounced yesterday discovery of a revo- clarinet player in a carnival band, | lutionary plot and execution of one died here suddenly Monday. of the alleged leaders, Rodolfo Banos Ramirez. Acquaintances, seeking a clue to Ramires was convicted by a court- martial. Juan Jose Rodriguez Banos, belongings evidence indicating he was | a lawyer, also was sentenced to death, an Americain spy before the World | but his term was commuted to 16 War, although still a German citizen; | years' imprisonment by the army later served in the United States Army ' commandant general. Our Silver Anniversary Year RALEIGH HABERDASHER il oglon s <Fest Nea's W Stene 1310 7 373827 HOW DO YOU BUY YOUR SHOES? BY NAME? . . . Today, es for four generations past, _the name HANAN of shoemaking, BY FIT? .. . Made-by-Hand principles, experience, ond skill . . . all contribute to the perfection of ‘Hanan lasts . . . insuring the utmost foot-comfort. 'BY STYLE? .. . All Hanan Master Lasts are con- ceived and designed to meet every foot and wardrobe requirement. BY PRICE? ... . Hanan Shoes have never been priced at more than a fair equivalent of their superior ma- terials and fine craftsmanship. HANAN SHOES $10.75 to $12.50 Hanan “Touchstone” Models . . . $6.55 to §8.75 3 A o represents the highest standard | function is to keep away obstacles | | from the individual. | property from being confiscated, his | vent coercion. To prevent fear. frHt opinions of the writers on this page are their own, not necessarily The Star’s. Such opinions are presented in The Star’s effort to give all sides of questions of interest to its readers, although such opinions may be contradictory among themselves and directly opposed to The Star’s. Democracy Self-Government Lives as Mind BY DOROTHY THOMPSON. 8 I write this column (yesterday morning) we do not yet know who will be President of the United States for the next four years. But it is with the deepest confidence in the future of America and in the next four years, that I already accept " 2 the results, what- ever they may be. In a few days I shall turn again toward Eu- rope, and never did I leave these shores with more reluctance, and never will I re- turn to them ‘with more pleas- ure and pride. For underneath all the bitter- ness, partisan- ship, passionate talk—sometimes in- spiring, sometimes reckless—of the late months, what has emerged? A reaffirmation of this peoples’ passion- ate attachment to liberty, define it as you will. An expressed confidence in & determination to progress, to be up and about, and headed somewhere. | Underneath all the warnings of impending ruin, from this course of | action or from that, a quiet subcon- scious belief that it is not so, and the | knowledge that it never will be 50, as long as & majority rules and a minor- ity can speak its mind, Government Exists for Ideals. Fundamentally, the issues in this campaign have been difficult to find. What is government for? Why does it exist at all? Is it not to create the environment in which men and | women can attain their legitimate de- sires? Every one seeks, first of all, the fulfillment of his own life—eco- | nomic success, according to standards set by his own capacities and by those of the society in which he lives; phys- ical health; love, and according to his background and upbringing various kinds and degrees of intellectual and spiritual satisfaction. For the attain- ment of the greatest satisfactions in these things for the greatest numbers of people, government exists in free | countries. For life, liberty and happi- ness, according to policies based upon the most universal possible consent. For the attainment of these things, government, according to the Ameri- can way, has two functions, one nega- tive and one positive. Its negative To prevent his peérsonal ambitions from being frus- | trated, his opinions from being sup- | Ppressed. Would Prevent Fear. Its business, on this side, is to pre- Fear of the policeman, fear of the tax col- | lector, fear of the recruiting sergeant, | fear of the boss and fear of the mob. On this side the American people | are extremely sensitive, as are all peo- ples with a long tradition of demo- cratic government and democratic so- ciety, whether they are Englishmen or Frenchmen or Swedes. And it is well that it should be so. For out of this | lack of coercion springs everything that is creative, affirmative and per- sonally responsible. If the American people are hyper-sensitive on this side, if they are hesitant to change one coercion for even a more benevolent one, let us be thankful. Underneath | all the exaggerated absurdities of the Republican campaign was, essentially, | the fear of coercive government, and that is what the Republican vote will | have registered. | But government has & positive func- KNOX the very beginning the name to fit every head shape. hat field for quality and fashion. the fine wearing quality that gave Knox hats their superiority then—have maintained that leadership through the years! Knox is first with the latest and best . . . and only Knox Hets give you the COMFIT leather forehead band and OVALIZED SIXTEENTHS Is Resilient Long as Heart Beats, and Acts. tion. To do things which will help the individual to realize these legiti- mate alms. Above sll, in a democracy, to work to equalize and generalize the chance. And back of all the dema~ goguery in the Democratic campaign is this urge—to greater equalization of opportunity and & more real justice. And it is this spirit which will have been registered in the vote for Mr. Roosevelt. Whatever the American way of life is or is not, it is not to stand still. The great quality of Ameri- can life is the quality of energy, of vitality. The passion to discover and the passion to build are great Ameri- can passions, and the pasison to build society itself is part of the national genius, Once before in these columns, com- menting upon France, 1 spoke of the amazing resilience of democracy. Its resilience lies in the fact that in gov- ernments determined by the majority the margin of possible deviation from & general line is small, indeed. Con- servative governments succeed liberal governments, or radical governments succeed conservative, but the power and real prestige of either rests on the extent to which one can catch up into itself and harmonize with its own policy the reservations of the! opposition. Conservative Return. A Labor government in England started the wave for greater social security, for the abolition of slums, and a conservative government car- ried the policies further. It carried them, indeed, so far that it rebuilt England and rehoused the nation, and the result is that on Monday the Brit- ish county elections turned in an overwhelmingly conservative majority. For men and women who have se- | curity in their jobs and in their old age, who fear no humiliation of pub- lic charity if they are unemployed, | | who live In decent houses and have gardens, become conservatives, hav- | ing something to conserve. A democracy is not an organization. It is an organism. It lives while its heart beats and its mind functions. When those fail, no power on earth can wind it up again to do anything except jerk or march like a robot. It has its tocsins and develops against them its own antitocsins, as long as the majority rules and the minority speaks its mind. (Copyright, 1936,) VOTES IN PERSON Man Who Advocated Absentee ! Ballot Doesn't Use One. CLINTON, Towa, November 4 (£).— Welker Given, 83, who conceived the idea of the absent voter ballot more than 40 years ago while editor of the | Marshalltown Times-Republican, voted in person yesterday. ' Despite his age Given found it necessary to cast an absentee ballot only once since his idea was enacted into law. Iowa was the first State to adopt the absentee voter idea. DR. OSKAR KLOTZ DIES TORONTO, November 4 (#).—Dr. Oskar Kiotz, who was consulting pathologist to the United States War Department during the World War, died here yesterdey. He was 58 years old and at the time of his death professor of pathology at the Unie versity of Toronto. At one time he was professor of pathology and bac- teriology at' the University of Pittse burgh. THE PEOPLE’S CHOICE Jor 98 years « « o HATS TH! first Knox label was stitched into a hat 98 yeers ege. In Knox atteined leadership in the The craftsmanship, the 3 The hat you've been looking for « « . KNOX “3th AVENUE” Correct as @ Presidentiol reception . . . Authentic s an ambassador’s credentiels . . . the Knex “Sth Avenve.” Made for the man who doesn’t need to count the days till pey-day . . . whe cotld, but o dreom to Bach or doesn’t, brag cbout his golf score . . . who con whistle Berlin. Made of finest Knox quelity Felt, it boasts subtle lines and hand-vorked bound- odge or rew edge. In “Ovolized Sixteenths,” meaning thet aven if you bounced on your heod as @ baby, $7.5” we con fit you perfectly._ Other Knox Hats, 35 te $40 Execlusive at Raleigh Haberdasher We, the People Roosevelt Faces Trouble if He Misinterprets Wishes Of People in Re-election. 3 b2 BY JAY FRANKLIN. OV. LANDON may know what Roosevelt’s re-election to the presidency of the United States means to the country, but it is ( ;mmmltlb.&hflmumuanmuo(mmu which the American people decided yesterday. A fortnight before the election, one of the most prominent of the New Dealers was asked what he would think if Roosevelt’s re-election was practically unanimous. “That would be most embarrassing,” was his reply. This answer shows that, even in the heat of a wild campaign, the Roosevelt administration was looking for an opposition to combat— especially a sectional opposition—rather than a policy to follow in the next four years. This is because neither great party is as yet used to thinking in terms of national sentiment rather than regional interests. As usual, the much despised American voters are miles ahead of their polit- ical leaders and are today demanding a national government rather than the balance of Northern, Southern and Western sectionalism which has passed jor statesmanship sinde March 4, 1933, ‘The first Roosevelt administration was government by a coalition , of the solid South, Western progressives, and Northern and Eastern mu- nicipal bosses. It was a trial marriage between Frank Hague of Jersey City, Pat Harrison of Mississippi and George W. Norris of Nebraska. Much of its energy was exnausted In a struggle to decide which was to be the mother-in-law. # L At its Philadelphia convention, the Democratic party went through the motions of turning this trial marriage into the nuptials of John L. Lewis with Henry A. Wallace—of the farmers in the Mississippi Valley with the industrial workers of the East. To this end, the “two-thirds rule” was abolished and the New Deal platform was made 8o flexible that it was impossible to break a single pledge—they would merely bend. As always happéns in an American election, what the people voted for was what the defeated opposition voted against. Roosevelt and his New Dealers were mainly interested in getting a resounding vote of con- fidence, a nice hand-warming sense of being loved, which would let them sit back on their haunches and keep on doing what they had already done. * % % ¥ Now the American people have decided what they really want done and if Roosevelt ignores or misinterprets their will he will bump into serious trouble before 1938. Taking their cue from the charges made by the Republicans, here is what the people voted against when they returned the New Deal to power: 1. The rigidity of States’ rights as a barrier to liberal national leg- islation. 3. The rigidity of the Bupreme Court, of the Constitution or of both in limiting congressional authority over broad national social and economic problems. . 3. The idea that taxation is only a means of raising Federal revenue and may not be used as an instrument of economic balance and social security. 4. The belief that the Pederal Government may not intervene in basic agriculture, basic industry and basic credit. 5. The notion that the Pederal Government cannot regulate the hours and wages of industrial labor and has no power to combat unem- ployment by other means than the dole. 6. The theory that centralized Federal authority over our larger prob- lems, with a strong executive power to initiate and direct liberal policies, is “un-American.” 7. The independent economic sovereignty of our great corporations and muitimillionaires in despite of the National Government or the popular will, 8. The right of private industry to forbid “Government competition” in the interest of the people as producers or consumers. In other words, yesterday's vote is @ mandate for a greater Jlexibility and liberalism in our political institutions, for a higher degree of mational unity in the interest of the average man, and for whatever reforms may be necessary to obtain constitutional au- thority jor this mational unity, liberalism and fleribility, This development implies that the old lines of sectional interest will be supplanted by lines of social opinion in our national affairs. This in turn means that the country as a whole will bury the old rift between the North and the South, and will return to the still older cleavage between the conservative East and the progressive West, with the Mississippi Valley area—north and south—becoming the dominant force in American politics. . These are great and exciting changes for the country to contemplate. Unless the second Roosevelt administration faces them, the country will so0on tire of the “Pather Christmas” attitude which is traditional in the ‘White House and will turn against F. D. R. as awiftly as it turned against Hoover. We have voted. Now it is up to Roosevelt to make our votes mean what we meant when we cast them. (Copyright, 1934 ) TAILORED B sixteen to sixty! Young men are keen for them bec of alertness and poise to their oppearance that is effect. brown. . © YOUR CHARGE ACCOUNT INVITED B A L L B L A L B L L D D T P T D1 . Headline Folk and What They Do Composer of *Merry Widow” Expected in Hollywood. BY LEMUEL F. PARTON, 8 THE tumult and the shout. ing dies, we can pick up some of the old tunes again, where we left off before the recent disturbance. Pranz Lehar, who wrote the “Merry Widow” 30 years ago, is coming to Hollywood. This isn't quite definite, but he is expected to assist in filming his operetta, “The Count of Luxemburg,” and to remain for | other work. Mr. Lehar, now 66 years old, is a ‘bll. ruddy, genial member of the Vienna Rotary Club, attending the weekly luncheons, wearing a big plaque with his name on it, joining in the Rotarian adaptations of old songs, and calling everybody by his first name, He has incorporated him- self and has become a shrewd and wary business man—quite unlike the Franz Lehar of the “Merry Widow" days. The American production of his | famous light opera paid him $300.- | 000. As fast as the returns came in, they were fed into the stock mare ket by his broker. It was like feede ing them into a rat hole. None came back. He got plenty of fame out of his effort, but little else. He quickly got back into quantity pro- duction with good returns, but with | &n occasional disastrous loss, as when the recent failure of a publishing firm swept away $75.000 in royalties. Mr. Lehar snaps up his tunes to the | modern tempo. He has done, in all, about 35 operas. and is so busy and vital that he indicates he is just gete ting a good running start. He was a “knapsack child,” as he puts it, his father having been a travele ing musician. Young Lehar, born in Hungary, was a violinist. Dvorak in duced him to hang up his fiddle and take to composing (Coprright, 1936,) 'BOLSHEVIKS HAIL ROOSEVELT VICTORY | Receive News of Re-election With Undisguised Gratification Be cause of Friendship. BS the Associated Press MOSCOW, November 4.—Bolshe- viks today received news of President Rooseveit'’s re-election with undise | guised gratification, primarily because | they regard him as a known quantity | who has shown friendship teward Russia | Soviet quarters expressed the view that Roosevelt was a strong advoe cate of peace, a liberal and not an isolationist, and that his re-election | would insure no change in Russoe American relations. | Storms over the Atlantic and broken | telephone lines prevented any news | of the election results reaching Amers icans who had gathered in the Em- | bassy until 9:30 a.m. Hw B wsw B wow BESY wow B vt B wow BY o Y wow B wow B0 om Y wou Say "Hello" to Better Times in Hart Schaffner & Marx THE best port ebout Cheerio Stripes is that men of every oge and of every build con wear them to perfection . . . the ideol pattern for every young man from they odd a definite sense undenioble esset! b enerous ortions wear them with sofety becouse they have such a slenderizing . m make you look pounds yownger. By oll meons, see these colorful Cheerio Stripes, beautifully worked into rich, subdued grounds of gray, blue or Men of 35 © 373 @ PARKING S!lV‘CE AT OUR CURB RALEIGH HABERDASHER Wlekinglon's Foest Men's [+ CM/M: <_—Slcu 1310 F STREET