Evening Star Newspaper, September 23, 1936, Page 6

AMERICAN STATES ARMS TALK URGED President Alessandri of Chile " * Makes Proposal in Ac- cepting Bid. (This is the fourteenth of & ©f articles on the “New Pan Ameri- icanism,” and the forthcoming Buenos Aises peace congress.) BY BRENT DOW ALLINSON. Addition of arms-limitation to the agenda of the Buenos Aires Peace Congress has been suggested by Presi- dent Arturo Alessandri of Chile in his formal acceptance of President Roose- velt’s invitation to the congress. At the same time he emphasized the need of measures to prevent, rather than legal devices to settle, compli- cated quarrels.that may arise between American states. After listing five ma- Jor treaties and conventions providing for general arbitration and concilia- tion, concluded in previous pan-Amer- ican conferences and referring to the Kellogg and Argentine anti-war pacts, President Alessandri wrote: “The number of bilateral inter- American peace pacts already in effect, or signed, is considerable. Their rati- fication represents a most important step, since your Excellency is not un- aware how slow and accidental is the process to which international agree- ‘ments are subject, under our constitu- tional systems. * * * All the American states which have not as yet done so should agree to seek the earliest means of ratifying the already-existing pacts, or to formulate (at Buenos _Aires) the amendments which they conceive essential. Pending nt}fiu- tion of the new agreement, the existing system would remain in force, thus ac- cording with the general pian for the todification of international law agreed upon at the Montevideo conference, in 1933. * * * And, by opening inter- ‘American agreements to the adherence of non-American countries, we may accelerate the 'lo.fld-unlfluflun of in- ternational law, and preserve an essen- tial connection between the construc- tive efforts of certain groups of na- tions, or regions, and the aggregate of all the states of the world.” F Argentine Pact Cited. Referring to the pact of 1902 be- tween Chile and Argentina, which prompted the erection on their lofty Andean border of the famous statue, “The Christ of the Andes,” the Presi- dent of Chile concluded his letter to President Roosevelt, as follows: “Having suggested with moral dis- tinction to the American countries & mew and exceptional opportunity to promote the work of peace, the es- sential basis of all pan-Americanism. | as President of Chile, charged with the conduct of its foreign relations, I | invite your Excellency to give thought | to the advantage of including in the | program of the proposed conference‘ the study of practicable methods for the limitation of armaments.” This is the nearest any one in au- thority has yet come to proposing that the regulation or suppression of the international traffic in arms and | munitions of war should find a con- spicuous place on the program at Buenos Aires. Its omission is inde- fensible in view of scandals daily oc- curring throughout the world, and | of the recent munitions investigations here and #broad. | No American government, except | Argentina and Mexico, has exhibited so much official interest, or made as | detailed intellectual contribution to | the work of the coming conference as has President Alessandri and the | government of Chile. This is the more significant because Chile has been a loyal member of the League of Nations for 16 years, although there has recently been popular agitation | against it, in Chile, since the break- down of the League's partial eco- nomic sanctions against Italy, and be- | cause Chile’s most valuable exports— | copper, silver, nitrates and other min- | erals—fall in the category of contra- | band of war and undoubtedly would be seized by any belligerents in com- mand of the sea. A pan-American | neutrality policy would be unlikely, moreover, to defend rights of neutral trade with belligerents in this cate- gory of commodities, however strong may be its insistence that foodstuffs, in quantities necessary for civilian needs, shall not be seized or their transportation blockaded by belliger- ents of the future. In addressing the Chilean Congress at its convocation last May 21, Presi- dent Alessandri declared that Chile would seek fundamental revisions of the League Covenant, as the condition of its continued membership therein, and stated: “In spite of their opposition to co- ercive measures in international re- lations, the American nations which are members of the League have found themselves recently required to apply ‘sanctions’ toward friendly nations, contrary to their juridical traditions and permanent interests. Chile does not desire to continue to be exposed ! to such contingencies, which funda- mentally disturb her political and economic life. Conscious, however, of the solidarity which the states must maintain before the great questions of our time, the government inter- prets the popular clamor against the League of Nations, not in the sense that it repudiates the ideal repre- sented by the League, but as requiring the reformation of the means adopted to attain it. In order not to weaken the efficacy or retard the universality of the League, the American members should consider our suggestions for its revision, at the approaching session, as constituting a ‘regional undertak- ing’ for the preservation of peace, re- ferred to specifically in Article 21 of the Covenant.” Embargoes Not Excluded. It is noteworthy that Chile’s sugges- tions for reform do not exclude effec- matic representatives and the sever- ance of official relations with the of- fending government. Chile also proposes that the powers existing . commissions arbitrations between American states should be strengthened, so that they may, on their own initiative, take further cognizance of all international controversies and potential conflicts before they break out. If the com- mission should agree with the con- tenilon of one party that the dispute concerns solely a domestic question, Chile proposes that the commission make no recommendstion. Otherwise, 1t will make one, after due inquiry, for the pacific solution of the contro- versy, or may even request an advisory opinion from the World Court. In case of any non-compliance with the report or arbitral award, the other American republics should em- ploy, it is suggested, “all the means of international persuasion to induce compliance.” If these fafl, the signa- tories would adopt, as the only sanc- tion, suspension of diplomatic rela- tions—which may not be considered as an act of hostility. So runs the Chilean plan. Furthermore, Senor Manuel Trucco, Chilean Ambassador to Washington, has asked me to deny published reports that the Chilean govetnment would op- pose consideration of the proposals of Guatemala, Republic and Colombia -for the establishment of & functioning League of American Na- tions for the Western Hemisphere. Chile might, indeed, play & leading role in such an American confedera- tion, as, by general opinion, it is one of the most politically advanced and unified nations of all Latin America. Fortunately, it seems to have out- grown its well-known dependence upon British finance and consequent antipathy for close co-operation with the United States, arising in part from the events of the “War of the Pacific,” in 1888, and come to per- ceive the permanent advantages to be gained by all neutral nations dedi- cated to the pursuits of peace from a pan-American consolidation of policy and principle, effectively opposing warfare and the European imperialist war-system, which has conquered and conviised the world—and confronted Christian civilization with the alter- natives of destroying it or of being Itself mercilessly destroyed. Flies Travel for Science. PASADENA, Calif., September 23 (#).—They are shipping fles to Europe to help scientists study heredity. They are the drosophila, or vinegar flies, and the California Institute of Technology has shipped small colonies from its collection to laboratories scattered over the world. From the flies scientists learn some of the things human children may be expected to inherit from their parents. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, HULL INANGER, *ASSALS GRS False Propaganda and Pub- licity-Seeking Charged in Simpson Case. Ey the Associated Press. Roused to angry vehemence, Secre- tary of State Hull struck back yes- terday at critics who charged the Government has beén negligent in protecting the rights of an American seaman imprisoned in Germany. In unprecedented manner, the Sec- retary admi red a public verbal lashing—congliming the greater part of an hour and a half—to three rep- resentatives of the National Commit- tee for the Defense of Political Pris- oners who called on him to solicit further ald in the prisoner's behalf. The seaman s Lawrence B. Simp- son of Kirkland, Wash,, arrested 15 months ago by Nazi police, who had alleged discovery of communistic liter- ature in his possession aboard the United States liner Manhattan. His trial is scheduled Monday in Berlin on charges of high treason and esplonage. Secretary Hull coupled vigorous de- fense of the in tivities Simpeon’s behalf :'M falth,” that they ll:d circulated terested in newspaper publicity than in the prisoner himself. . an appointment to present a memoran- dum on the case to the Secretary. Before they appeared they circulated & statement to newspapers asserting the United States Government had failed to make diplomatic representa- tions in Simpson’s behalf. Instead of receiving them in the privacy of his own office, as is cus: tomary, the Secretary.called in ne paper correspondents covering the de- partment and conducted the interview in their presence in the diplomatic ante-room. Surprised by the unexpected vigor of Hull's counter-attack, his ' visitors nevertheless argued spiritedly with him and finally left without retracting the statement in their Press release. Hull said the State Department had conducted no more consistent effort in behalf of any American citizen than nad been put forward in 8impson’s case and that the criticisms were ‘“outrageously and infamously false.” Cochran quickly apologized for any statement at which the Secretary may have taken offense, but Hart, pursuing the matter, said: ‘We do not indict the dAebforiLine. BUSES STILL OFFER the most convenient and economical transportation Tickets and information to afl parts of the U. S. BUS CENTER Phone Distric? 4204 A Prideful Possession PRIDE of ownership is justified in those who own a secretary like this one! A beautiful Georgian style, representing good taste, culture and refinement of tradition. Its every detail expresses style and taste. Note the flame finial and pierced crest—the perforated moulding, graceful grillework in the glass doors and the carved mahogany feet. Fine mahogany veneers are used for all surfaces. Interiors of the book- case and desk are finished with the same care as the outside of the secretary. The serpentine contour of the front adds a note of grace. A ‘lovely bit 'of cabinetwork, indeed! fot pass beyond withdrawal of diplo- T —— ADVERTISEMENT 'GET UP FEELING FINE secretary. at Mayer & Co. Price, $98. See this Georgian S.tyle Secreldry. Hlliistrated .. .oormwan: camen- vu- $98 Other. Secretaries Priced from $39.75 to $300 Seventh Street-, B MAYER & CO. g Beiween D end E State Department’s ac- | ment, but we think 15 months is too with | long for an American citizen to be charges that his callers were acting in | held without & trial. We think those 15 months speak louder than aaything concerning | else. We say the State Department the case, and that they were more in- | has been pursuing a course which has resuited in that 15-month impris- onment.” The three representatives, Gifford | The interview ended when Hull, A. 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