Evening Star Newspaper, July 4, 1936, Page 14

B2 THE EVENING WALLACE, TURNED AUTHOR, VIEWS TH b By Mary Carter Roberts.| WHOSE CONSTITUTION. By Henry A. Wallace. New York: Reynal & Hitcheofk ISAPPOINTMENT will await | the reader who has picked | up this work thinking to learn something enlightening about. the widely discussed problems of mgriculture. For Secretary Wallace writes rather to the end of voicing a new philosophy of Government. His present work is an expression—highly | discreet—of this philosophy, as he visualizes it. He calls it, temperately, | an “inquiry into the general welfare.” ' It is, clearly and unquestionably, | en administration document. But it | i= not that In the sense that it is devoted to election purposes. It is doubtful that it will be of much help in the coming political battle, the | results of which Mr. Wallace seem- ingly feels will be a certain Roosevelt victory. Resting on this certainty, therefore, he has not concerned him- | sell with arguments as to why the | New Deal ought to be retained. He has, on the contrary, set himself to prepare the mind of the citizen for what time and events may bring. | Tn this he is admirably clever. His book makes use of suggestion, it persuades, it drops into colloquialisms in a homely (or Lincolnian) fashion, it is clothed, too, at times in the mystic verbiage of the “broad vision,” it attacks nobody—it will give no offense, it is mellow, kindly, evangeli- «al and hypnotic. It puts one in mind »f nothing so much as the genial physician assuring the patient that it 15 not going to hurt. What change does the Secretary foresee that needs the way prepared for it by a document so plausible? The reader will be well along with the book before he can answer the question, although the question itself will rise insistently in his mind in the early stages of the argument. For Mr. Wallace does not make clear st first what he is driving at—and what, by inference, must be taken o be the coming political program. He lingers, pensively, instead over the vils of our time. We are in a parlous state, says Secretary Wallace. This statement is Tun through an almost endless variety of repetitions, to be turned finally to a clever use. For, says the Secre- tary, it is not the first time in our history that we have been faced with the necessity of scrapping a sys- tem. Did not a similar emergency exist in 17872 Then, the founding fathers (whom he most ingenuously calls the “young brain-trusters” of their day) threw overboard the Articles of Confederation and set up the Constitution. Any reader whose mental reflexes work normally will eatch the implication. What better to do today than follow in the ex- ample of the statesmen whom we all Pevere? The Secretary’'s book advocates nothing so direct. It proceeds by a maze of suggestion. The Constitution, it avers, is broad enough to permit of solving our problems, if it is allowed proper interpretation, which brings up, of course, the bad old bogey of the Supreme Court, although Mr. ‘Wallace is too politic to call it any rmuch names. On the contrary, he = very nice indeed about the court. He admits a general affection (“senti- mental,” he says) for that institution. But, after paying tribute to its virtues, he strays into an exposition of its inconsistencies, and comments inno- cently on its growing power. The reader, carried along by his monoto- nously cadenced sentences, is apt to put the book down, feeling that the court is the menace rather than the pro- | tection of our liberties. Could such an smpression be created accidentally? ‘What then, does Mr. Wallace advo- rate? In his own words, nothing amore potent than “a council for the general welfare” to advise Congress “with respect to those of its enact- ments which have economic signifi- | cance.” But, in the closing pages of | his book, in the words of another man, as if he feared to say for him- self what he foresees, he gives the reader a forthright picture of what to expect in coming years under cur- zent policies. Quoting the Irish poet, George W. Russell (A. E.) he says: “‘ & % There will hardly be any- body 30 obscure, so isolated in his em- ployment that he will not, by the development of the organized state, be turned around to face it and to recognize it as the most potent factor in his life * * * In free democracies few concern themselves with the character of the State. But when it strides in, an omnipresent overlord, erganizing and directing life and in- dustry, then the individual imagina- tion must be directed to that collective | life and power. * * * The coming| solidarity is the domination of the Btate.’ " Readers familiar with American his- tory may find this & far cry from the | founding fathers, in spite of the Becretary’s buttonholing tactics in re- ferring to their sometimes revered names. Yet few readers will fail to Bnd in this passage the climax of the whole argument, and the reason for the honeyed persuasion of the preceding chapters. An “omnipresent overlord” directing not only industry, but life—that is plainly what Mr. Wallace visualizes. It can be done, he says, in an “American way.” The reader will have to decide for him- self whether any overlordship, of any kind, can be brought about with eompatibility to Americanism. ZUROPE AND EUROPEANS. Count Carlo Sforza. Bobbs-Merrill Co. 'I“H]s thoughtful book can well be I% added to the growing list of works on Europe and what that con- tinent face One thinks of “In- gide Burope,” “What Next in Europe?” snd “Europe Under the Terror,” among others. Count Sforsa’s book, however, will offer the reader a fess popular form of information than these. He has not dealt with spectacular surface - conditions —persecutions, liquidations and the other obvious manifestations of the dictator* form of government. He has delved, instead, into underlying motivations. Out of more than 30 years of diplomatic service he has brought an argument as to cause and effect which, in the present state of things, is worthy of respectful study. His point of view too, would seem to be valuable; he is & hater of dictator- ship and has no use for the idea of aggressive nationalism as a govern- mental philosophy, but he does hold that the natioms, as they mow exist, v By Indianapolis: | literary theme in existence—the con- NAOMI JACOB, Author of “The Founder of the House.” (Macmillan.) can hardly be scrapped because of some mystic document to be drawn up bw & council of reformers. If we are to have internationalism, he seems to say, we must then have nations. Most confirmed “internationalists” | overlook this corollary. | Goling back to his youth as a diplo- | mat, Count Sforza considers the causes of our present troubles, as he watched them develop around the | council tables of the statesmen He { does not talk of treaties and events alone; he discusses, too, the personal factors which influence happenings— the peculiarities of the various leaders, their pevchologies, their prejudices. Some of this is painful reading; the pettinesses of the great men are | nothing short of astounding. The book | is written, however, without rancor. | Not content with his analysis of the men of the hour. the count also dis- cusses the peoples. The French he esteems well, as a peace-loving. solid nation. crystalized within its borders, solid social structure, as in Chin where revolutions may snake every- | thing except what counts—the con-| | ception of life” Germany. on the other hand, he thinks a divided house. “bold in thought. timid in deed ... a mixture of artificlal pasteboard ro- manticism and of cold-blooded im- perialism.” Similarly, he delves into the Balkans and Spain. ‘Through it all he searches for the motives which have brought Europe to her present condition, finding them not in any one neat formula, as have S0 many writers of history for the popular consumption, but rather in a long chain of events, inevitable and yet largely accidental. Some of his | conclusions are startling. | He says, for example, that if Presi- | dent Wilson's 14 points had been re-| | tained as the basis of the Versailles treaty a lasting peace could have been achleved in 1919. It was on the basis of these points. he reminds us, that| Germany sued for armistice. But, to satisfy one or another greedy or frightened power, the important points were cast out. Freedom of the seas, the second point. fell through to appease England. The removal of economic barriers, the third point, | was not attempted, and economic bar- | riers are now one of the great causes | of our danger. The reduction of arma- ments was still another of the points. And so on. The summing up which this author makes is highly thought- provoking. He closes with the opinion that na- tions need to strengthen their own in- | ternal structures along democratic | and peaceful lines, and then build up ' 2 mechanism for handling interna- tional matters. But his emphasis is on cleansing one’s own house, and not | on reforming one's neighbors, | WATERLOO. By Manuel Komroff. | New York: Coward McCann. 'HE rather extensively advertised new novel by Manuel Komrofl re- veals itself to be, in sum, nothing more than & scenario, but a very lively | and readable one. It uses the oldest flict—in the manner of one of its oldest concepts—the powers of dark- ness threatening those of sanity and | needing to be cast down. Napoleon is, concisely, the villain. The allied powers are, rather vaguely, the angels. Between these great tides, Mr. Kom- roff has scattered some dozen human beings, unrelated in anything except that their destinies placed them all on the Waterloo fleld. They are scarcely more than silhouettes, ani- matedly cut. They comprise the ele- ments of pathos, humor and love; they are young sweethearts separated by the battle, boy soldiers who have en- | listed in a fever of patriotism, comic fellows in the ranks, heroic veterans. | Eqch performs his little act, while the | great guns thunder. On the one hill | stands Napoleon, driving his men like | the wind and sea; on the other stands |the “solid red wall” of the British. In so0 far as an event can be made a living entity, Mr. Kromroff has made ‘Waterloo live in this book. And that is about all there is to be said of it. PEOPLE ARE FASCINATING. By Sally Benson. Garden City: Dou- bleday, Doran & Co. I8 is & book of short stories, superior to the Saturday Evening Post-Cosmopolitan standard, but not exceeding the Dorothy Parker-New Yorker genre, which was never very arresting and is now getting thinner and thinner. They are clever, they are keen, they are well-pointed. But, in the main, they reflect & mental pose rather than & mental attitude. Dis- fllusion is their theme, and that is legitimate enough—taken in itself. But disillusion is not negation. It can be very powerful and heady stuff. However, it is no doubt unfair to criticize Miss Benson’s tales according to standards which she obviously had no intention of meeting. She is clever —more than adequately clever. Her stories run along safely above medi- ocrity. And, for the most part, they are so short that the reader has no time to be bored with the repetition. That in itself is clever, too. THE POUNDER OF THE HOUSE. By Naomi Jacobs. New York: The Macmilian Co. IS is one of those strong worthy novels which deals with the gene- alogy of a great Jewish family. Miss Jacobs’ people are the Gollantzes, and ¢ | his country’s final destiny. He “dic- | the biographies of world champions. * VOLUME IS DEFTLY WRITTEN Agriculture Secretary, Envisioning Changes in Philosophy of Gov- ernment, Says They Can Be Achieved in an American Way—Other Recent Books Reviewed. she has written about them before, | The present novel, however, is the first, if taken chronologically. | What is there to say of it? It is a “rich canvas,” crowded with pictur- esque figures, grouped in a variety of scenes—from Paris and Vienna to London, set in the era of the 1860s. 1t tells of the adventures of Emanuel Gollantz, antique dealer, who founds the London house. It is a work of integrity and seriousness. To the re- viewer, even with all these merits, it was just another family novel. But readers who like family novels, par- ticularly novels about Jewish families, ought to read it. Given the taste, the book ought to go down agreeably. A CLOSE CALL. By Eden Phillpots. New York: The Macmillan Co. | FI"HIS story begins as if it were in- tending to be a murder mystery | —with, that is to say, a missing man, who is later found shot to death on the lonely sand dunes. But further on it becomes a sort of heavy com- mentary on the nature of justice. For the wrong man is convicted of the crime, and is within half an hour of execution when an accident brings the error to light. It is stodgily writ- | ten and has nothing particular to| recommend it. | [ SCHOOL FOR LOVE. By Lorine Pruette. Garden City: Doubleday, Doran’ & Co. ! ']‘Hls is one more retelling of the tale of young love in Paris. It has the variation of an American heroine, very, very freshly caught from Tennessee: it deals in such doings as are called “sophisticated” by those ' who have a limited knowledge of philology. But, summed up, it is the old story. The girl and the new boy meet in the brilliant environment that is the literary city; they wonder; they talk about love, they talk about love, they talk about love. Then the girl goes back to her safe, strong Amer- ican, and loves him so much more understandingly for what has hap- pened—or almost happened. It's read- able, FOLDING BEDOUINS, OR ADRIFT IN A TRAILER. By Howard Vin- cent O'Brien. New York: Willett Clark & Co. UNDER the guise (not always im- | penetrable of humor, this book offers the facts about trailer travel. The author and his family made an extended tour in such a vehicle, and so, one feels, he should know. He is not all pro-trailer and yet he had a good time and broad-mindedly ad- mits advantages in trailing. He puts it all down, even as to costs. While his book is marketed as humor, any one contemplating a trailer vacation could learn considerable from its blithe pages. MILLIONS OF DICTATORS. Emil Lengyel. New York: & Wagnalls Co. NOT heroes, not front-page head- line personalities, but common men who might be met in the streets of any city of the world are the| subject of this book. Mr. Lengyel has set himself the task of familiarizing himself with | modern electorates, and he presents his findings in a series of thumb-nail | sketches of the typical voter in Amer- | ica, France, Russia, Germany, Italy and Great Britain. | The author is firmly convinced that sovereignty is still located in the masses of the population despite the rise of Hitlers and Mussolinis. He demonstrates his thesis with an abundance of human interest yarns and interviews with men in the street. | John Doe as a voter represents one | forty-millionth part of the opinion of the United States. He is one of the toiling masses—an obscure, bald- headed, mediocre individual who would be astounded to see his name em- blazoned in history as “Joe Doe, the dictator.” His deeds are never her- alded as epoch-making events, but he nevertheless is the real master of By Funk tates to writes, The thoughts and activities of the average man in each éf the important nations, surprisingly, make an engag- ing chronicle, no less stimulating than e dictators,” the author Collected and edited by Mr. Lengyel, they provide an encouraging. reap- praisal of contemporary life, signi- ficant in its implications, —F. M. K. NANTUCKET. THE FAh-AWAY ISLAND. By William O. Stevens. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. THE HEART OF OLD NEW ENG- LAND. By A. Hyatt Verrill. New York: Dodd, Mead & Co. WHEN birds sing from thicket and copse, when cool brooks rush and gurgle and gulls cry over the foaming surf in these days of late Spring, don’t pick up these books— unless you want to come down with & good oid-fashioned case of Spring fever. It you oan read Stevens without wishing to follow him through the crooked, charming streets of the old whaling town or out across the “‘moors” of the wind-swept little is- land which was the breeding place of Yankee skippers; if you can go through the pages of Verrill without longing to thread the course of the Connecticut from the cool, deep North woods to the sea, then you may know that you have become just an- other old home-body and that the pipe and slipper and fireside days are come, Much of Stevens' charm is in his pen and ink drawings of Nantucket houses, doorways, scenes and char- acters. He finds loveliness in the old towns of the island, despite the fact that “the fine arts had no chance in & place where the inhabitants lived in STAR, WASHINGTO HENRY A. Author of “Whose Constitution?” (Reynal and Hitchcock.) | L il Shdaste i | the odor of sanctity mingled with that of whale oil.” You will enjoy as he does the tales of the sturdy, independent islanders, who had a fine contempt for the “off- islanders” from the “continent.” The attitude of the Nantucketer toward the mainlander, especially to the rival whalers of New Bedford and Salem, is illustrated in the account in the Nan- tucket newspaper many years ago of schooner wreck, in which there were two souls lost, and three New Bed- forders.” Both books are a happy blending of | travel guide, history and geography and can be recommended as delightful reading whether or not you expect to visit New England. J.S. E HELL BEYOND THE SEAS. A Con- vict's Own Story of His Experi- ences in the French Penal Settle- ment in Guiana. Retold by Aage Krarup-Nielsen. New York: The Vanguard Press. "TTHIS is, as must be evident, another story about escape from that French penal settlement which is usually called, in comprehensive fashion, “Devil's Island.” While one has sometimes been constrained to wonder, a trifle wearily. if there will be any prisoners left in the place, after all the memoirs are published, one must still concede to this par- ticular work a measure of praise for its restrain and its lack of the martyr spirit. Like all works of its kind, it is given to the public as being “au- thentic”: that is, it is said to be the true story of a living convict who D. C, BATURDAY WALLACE, the new volume. The only trouble is that there is too much wasteland between them. Like Thomas Wolff—if one neglects to point the parallel between them, he is put in coventry by other mem- bers of the reviewers' craft—Saroyan thinks everything is worth writing and consequently worth reading. Wolff comes closer to proving it than Saroyan, but even in his case it does not quite come off, as so many mem- | bers of the Wolff cult (of which this reviewer is one) realize fully. Saroyan has a literary gift. Some- times he uses it wisely to the great delight of the reader. Sometimes he does not. A better balance between | the two would give the young Ar- | menian-American the wider audience he frequently seems to deserve. As in the case of WOIff, just to keep our reviewers' club membership, there is a piquancy about Sarovan’'s titles that is oddly appealing. “How Pleas- ant to Have Passed Through Buffalo” is one. Another is “Two Days Wasted in Kansas City.” There are scores of others of which these are typical. Read this collection of everything with more discrimination than Saro- yan uses in writing, and “Inhale and Exhale” has its definite points of ment. F.J.C. DEFENDER OF DEMOCRACY: Masaryk of Czechoslovakia. By Emil Ludwig. Robert M. McBride & Co., New York. 278 pages. ’I‘H!: complete philosophy of the founder of the Republic of Czechoslovakia is set forth in this — Illustrations by Perry Barlow, from “Peopde Are Fascinai- ing,” by Sally Benson (Covici-Friede.) escaped. There seems to be no rea- son for doubting the assurance here. The tale is that of a young Dane who enlisted in the French Foreign Legion and was sentenced to penal servitude after he had attempted to escape. When, after many attempts, he finally got clear of the prison islands and returned to his native land, he placed the rough draft of his story in the hands of the present writer. The account has all the usual brutalities, both of the Leglon and | the penal colony. INHALE AND EXHALE. By William Saroyan. Random House: New York. Ffl'I'Y MILLION monkeys writing on fifty million typewriters for fifty million years, by some law of coincidence, would reproduce all the | great literature of the world. 8o says Sir James Jeans, English astral physicist, who has kept his eyes glued on the stars for so many years that he writes more like a poet than an astronomer. For some reason that thought of Sir James’ kept recurring to this re- viewer as he waded through “Inhale and Exhale,” ;the second- volume by the author “The Daring Young Man on the Flying Trapeze.” It may be that the recurrence of the idea was due to some queer association of Mr. Saroyan's style with™ a vague plcture of Sir James’ literary jungle. To modify the sacrilege which that statement - will represent to Saroya- nites, let it be said that there are some gems of purest ray serene in series of interviews with Emil Lud- wig. Masaryk is one of the world's leading exponents of democratic government, and his automony for his people is one of the few modern epics in statecraft. In these conversations the 80-year- old statesman gives his message to & world troubled by recurring crises in democracy and new crises created by fascism and communism. It is essentially & plea for respect for the “immortal individuality of man.” & happy state best attairfed through democratic principles, he believes. This thinker, turned man of action | to liberate 15,000,000 people, analyzes critically and tolerantly the rise of fascism and communism, His ex- position of fascism is one of the ablest yet presented. His ripe wis- dom, knowledge of history, and high standards for individuals and nations alike make his argument against such manifestations as Hitlerism deadly. He rejects complete Marx- ism as a theory humanly umn- workable. He spurns reaction, on the other hand, holding it a form of revolution. itself, a fight against natural changes and- progress. There are many stimulating and inspiring things in Masaryk's re- marks, but Mr. Ludwig's question and answer form make them hard to get at. There are frequent, jar- ring repetitions in the quotations and the material is so carelessly organized that chapter headings and divisions mean almost: nothing.. E T struggle for | JULY 4, 1936. IN TH By M. C. R. ALUABLE light on the coun- try’s financial condition under in the July Mercury, one by H. Parker Willis, former secretary of the Fed- eral Reserve Board, and the other by Edwin Walter Kemmerer, Walker pro- fessor of international finance at Princeton. The purpose of the two pieces, says an editorial note, is to provide readers with “a complete and factual discussion of the financial disaster which appears likely to result from a continuation of the Roosevelt administration’s policy of unlimited currency infiation.” ‘The meat of Mr. Willis' article is | That the administration has | this: taken the line that free spending marks the road to recovery, but has been unwilling to risk unpopularity by imposing taxes severe enough to raise the wherewithal. Instead, has raised it by looting the banks, compelling them to purchase Govern- | ment securities beyond the possibility of redemption. As much as 60 per cent of the national debt, says Mr. ‘Willis, has been foisted on the banks in this fashion. The sum amounts to $18,000,000,000. Yet the total cap- italization of all banks in the country is less than $6,000,000,000. The reader does not have to be an economist 1o guess what will happen. Mr. Willis predicts that the deluge will be staved off until after the electon. After that—chaos. | Mr. Kemmerer's article confirms this finding, and adds that the suffer- ers will be the people of moderate means. It is their investments, in- surance policies. and annuities which | Wwill be swept away, he says. There is only one remedy, as he sees it. That is, balance the budget. But one fears that it is hardly likely to appeal to the present saviors of the Nation. In the July Scribners, William Lyon Phelps lists, with characteristic op- timism, 100 good books, all of which have been published since the 1st of June, last year. They comprise non- fiction. fiction and poetry. In addi- tion, there is a list of 20 preferred thrillers. There is really only one criticism to be made of so comprehensive a seiection. and that is this—it is too, long. One hundred good books in a year means eight and a quarter good books in a month. Now there may be that many “good” ones—merely good ones. But if you are going to list works of that caliber, it is obviously unfair to include the occasional fine book among them. To place Willa Cather’s “Lucy Gayheart” in the same group with Warwick Deeping's “Mar- riage by Conquest.” for example, hard- | Iv seems explicable by any rule. More- over, while placing some of the better | than good novels on his list—and so making them all eligible—the good professor has omitted bdth “Honey in | the Horn” and “Salka Valka.” This really cannot be forgiven, | The disappearance of Paul Redfern is to be made the subject of two ar- ticles in Scribners; the first of the pair WHITHER YOUTH? URING the years of depres- sion many young people «D found themselves engulfed by economic conditions which brought, if not actual want, lessened opportunity for adult achievements and satisfactions. Their struggles programs offering relief, training and recreation developed for them by gov- ernmental and private agencies alike. The following references selected by the sociology division of the Public Library illustrate some of the phases ment aid in the crisis. The Plight of Youth. | THE LOST GENERATION, by Maxine Davis. 1936. IAS.D293. Miss Davis, & journalist, spent sev- eral months touring the United States | by car and talking to young people in | various localities and circumstances | to secure the information for her story of their points of view, ambitions and hopes for the future, . REVOLT ON THE CAMPUS, by James | Wechsler. 1935. IX83.W42, A review of student reaction to at- tempts to suppress speech and student | organization for the prevention of war. | YOUTH AND THE DEPRESSION, by | Kingsley Davis. 1935. IAS.D29. Brief presentation of the problems which the depression has thrust on young people and some of the pro- grams working for their improvement. YOUTH TODAY, by R. E, Dickerson. | (In Yearbook of the National Pro- bation Association, 1934, p. 53-62.) IFX.N216. The plight of youth graphically de- scribed by examples of the effects of unemployment on character, emotions | and actions. J | Magazine Articles. HIGHLIGHTS ON AMERICA'S YOUTH PROBLEM, by D. B. Cammell. School Life 21: 74-78, December, 1935, Findings of the Committee on Youth Problems of the United States Office of Education during the first iyem‘ of its existence. TODAY'S YOUTH PROBLEMS. Journal of the National Education Association 25: 13 _January, 1936. A symposium dealing with the his- torical influence on American” youth and the status of youth today. WHAT NEXT FOR YOUTH? by Brief Reviews of Books on Various Topics Non-Fiotion. IT SHALL BE DONE UNTO YOU. By Lucius Humphrey. New York: Richard R. Smith. A book which calls itself & “tech- nique of thinking”—designed to show readers the way to success. As you Hke ft. POPULARITY. By Regina Westcolt Wieman. Chicago: Willett Clark . & Co. . Another book designed %o bring suc- A cess, but by & different route. “How to get it (popularity), how’to hoid it, to. increase it.” That is the formula here. CHARLES OOULSON RICH. By John Henry Evans. New York: The Macmillan Co. ‘The story of the Mormon leader, told by the professor of church his- tory in Latter-Day Saints University. PRACTICAL FLIGHT TRAINING. By Lieut. Comdr. Barrett Studley, v U. 8. N. New York:' The Macmil- lan Co. A revised edition of & well-known handbook, containing new chapters of the development of ‘aviation, the place of aviation training, and the air com- merce regulations. Twenty-five new 1llustrations. Fiction. GUNSTON COTTON. By Rupert Grayson. New York: K. P..Dut- ton Co. 7 Introducing & new sleath, Gunston Cotton, one of the more romantic variety. Story about secret treaties and the menace of Asia to the rest of us. -Also love. Juveniles. 4 GREEN AND GOLD. The story of the banana. By Berta and Eimer Hader. New York: The Macmil- lan Co. A charmingly illustrated text show- ing how the banans gets from the tree to you. Or is it the bush? 4 present governmental politm\‘, is shed by two leading articles it have not gone unaided, as witness the | of both youth's dilemma and Govern- | E CONSTITUTION EDEN PHILLPOTTS, Author of “A Shadow Passes” and “A Close Call,” (Macmillan.) | appears this month. The author is | Desmond Holdridge, who organized a searching expedition into the jungles of Guiana to investigate the persistent | rumor that the airman, who was lost in 1927, had been kept prisoner by an Indian tribe. The current story dees not get far bevond descriptions of the preparations for the canoe journey into the jungle and its initial steges, But it holds considerable suspense as to what may be revealed in August. A survey of gambling in our midst is made by Will Irwin in the current Liberty. with startling findings. No less than $6.600.000,000, says Mr. Ir- win, is annually changing hands in America today as a result of our par- ticipation in various games of chance. | And none of this. he adds, except that which goes for betting on the horse ' and dog races, is taxed. After examining the race tracks. the numbers game, the gambling nouses, the bridgze racket, the betting on base ball and foot ball and the slot machines. Mr. Irwin remarks: “We are facing probably a new na- tional issue. The situation resembles that in the liquor business in the first decade of this century. Strongly organized and overgreedy, it was swinging on toward a clash with pube lic opinion. There is this difference: The licensed liquor business always paid heavy taxes. Gambling, viewed in one light. is an amusement. In these days. every other branch of the amusement business pays Federal, State or municipal taxes.” And he adds that the soldiers’ bonus could be paid out of the income that would accrue if gambling were similarly treated. The June issue of the Round Table. | quarterly review of the politics of the British commonwealth, is at | hand. with its leading article, entitled | “World Crisis” devoted to consider- " ation of the League of Nations. It | may be taken ax a pathetic confes- | sion of faith. The Public Library Grace Phelps. Parents' Magazine 11 26-27, May, 1936. | Miss Phelps points out the precarious position of young people today. con- | sidering the present inadequacies of the program In existence and its pos- sible dissolution in the near future. THE WORLD IS LAYING FOR YOU, by Ruth Fedder. Progressive Edu- cation 12: 518-524, December, 1935. ‘The difficulties of the unemployed | girl and the help she needs to find her place in the world sympathetically discussed, THE YOUTH OF AMERICA—PAST, PRESENT AND FUTURE. Social Frontier, May, 1935. Entire issue’ devoted to articles on the youth movement, including: | “Youth in a Confused World,” by John | Dewey; “Youth Versus Capitalism,” by Alfred M. Bingham, and a symposiam, | “Why There 1s No Youth Movement.” THE CARE AND EDUCATION OF | AMERICAN YOUTH, by H. P. Rainey. Educational Record 17: | 451-62, July, 1936. | The director of the American Youth Commission explains the objectives | and projects of this group. 1 GOVERNMENT'S INTEREST IN | School Life 20; 177-78, April, 1935, ‘The aims of the Youth Committee of the Office of Education set forth by the commissioner of education. YOUNG REBELS AND THEIR PARENTS, by Z. F. Poplin. Child Study 13: 108-11, January, 1936. ents must take toward the participa- tion of their children in the youth movement, YOUTH AND THE GOVERNMENT, by Aubrey Williams. Progressive | Education 12: 501-06, December, 1935. The executive director of the Na- tional Youth Administration tells what this program is doing to lessen the hardships of college students and un- employed youth. YOUTH SPEAKS FOR ITSELF, by W. W, Hinckley. Progressive Edu- cation 12: 507-12, December, 1935. Mr. Hinckley, secretary of the American Youth Congress, criticizes the National Youth Administration and describes the American youth act sponsored by the congress. Plans and Programs. THE CHANCE OF A LIFETIME, by W. B. Pitkin. 1934. HC83.P684. “Marching orders for the lost gen- eration.” ORGANIZATIONS FOR YOUTH, by E. R. Pendry and Hugh Hartshorne. 1935. IASC.P373. Facts about the history, organiza- tion and methods of 40 character- building agencies for young people. TRAINING YOUTH FOR THE NEW SOCIAL ORDER, by R. R. Reeder. 1933. 1K R252. “An effort to set forth methods of training which prepare the youth for social co-operation, responsibility and leadership.” YOUTH NEVER COMES AGAIN. by Clinch Calkins. . 1934. IAS.C125. A handbook of those interested in aiding unemployed youth, which out- lines various community projects. X YOUTH, by J. W. Studebaker. | Suggestions of attitudes which par- | E CURRENT MAGAZINES Light Is Shed on the Country’s Financial Condition Under the Roosevelt Administration—A Survey of Gambling in America—Redfern’s Disappearance. | Admitting that the Covenant needs | revising, the articie by no means for sees disaster to the League because | of its failuree to act in the Ethiopian crisis. It says: “The danger now is that, universal, coercive sanctions failed in an instance becau e ha in which 1% would have been most easy to make them effective against a great power, people will say the League is dead 'lnd ought to be abandoned We take, exactly the opposite view. We think that once the automatie, universa obligations of articles 10 and 16 a dropped or amended so as to mak them permissive instead of manda tory. the League—the only Leagu that can function so long as all nz | tions cling to national sovereignt the League that rests on the sam kind of principles as the Britis | commonwealth itself, the League tg= | can act as a focus for world opininn | for conciliation, for free co-operation | for common action when there | agreement on action. and as a con | stant corrective to the exaggerate nationalism that is the central e of the contemporary world—may re vive and begin to gain real author once more.” 'With what national one supposes i¥ the sportsmanship. the articid makes no attempt to defend EncH land’s inactivity in the Ethiopia aflair. “There is no doubt,” it sav-| “that while the government of Francr consistently obstructed action, British government must bear & gre part of the responsibility: for it onzit never to have taken the initiative September if it had not been preparrd for the consequences ™ Still. that does not afford Ethiop:a much help today. Miss Liberty (Continued From Page B-1) statue and grounds gency relief funds An ever-increasing number of per. sons visits Bedloe Island. and la year the total exceeded 250.000. The Park Service operates a small hoat from the Battery to the island. and a fee of 35 cents is charged for the | round trip. No charge is made on the island itself. Everywhere throughout the cor | try, under the'stimulus of the Pa Service in co-operation with loe: civic and patriotic organizations. plans are being made to commemorate this fiftieth anniversa occasion. Only one celebration will be held on the island itself; ngmely. the October dedicatory re-enactment. through emer- "T"HE international significance of the Statue of Liberty is reflected ta an interesting extent in the island on which it stands, having flown the Dutch as well as the English flags, It receives its name from Isaac Bedloe, | who was given a patent tn it in the seventeenth century. It later came into the hands of the City of New York, and then the State of New York was given jurisdiction over it In 1800 the island was ceded to the Federal Government. | ‘The high granite wall surrounding the base of the Statue of Liberty is the wall of old Fort Wood. which wa used as part of the defense of New York City from 1811 to 1877. It then was abandoned to become the site of the statue. The star-shaped fort wall was retained as & part of the founda- | tion for the pedestal | The Statue of Liberty | unique place in the hearts of all | Americans. Only those who have waved farewell to it on departinz through the great New York harbor |and who have greeted it upon the return, can realize fully how Miss | Liberty is identified with “home.” But if the feeling of Americans for | this statue is great, that feeling ha: | been matched by millions of jmmi- grants who have waited eagerly for a glimpse of the torch, which to them meant the fulfililment of a cherished dream. | There is no more moving sight | than to watch those Americans-to-be | as the steamer nears the statue, Meg, women and children crowd to the | rail. Many of the older people weep for joy, unashamed. The children greet it with shouts of glee, seeing | with their own eyes, and but a stone’s | throw away, a statue which they have | known only from pictures, In size, in execution, in location the Statue of Liberty is perfect. " | the island itself is proportioned as it made for just this single purpese | Whether one sees the statue once | or ter thousand times, it is unfailingly beautiful. By night and by day, ‘n bright sunshine or enshrouded in the | heavy fogs which descend upon tha harbor, the presence of Miss Liberfy, with her torch aloft, is inspiring and | solacing. occupies . a e Hair Strains ( UMAN hair, able to withstand a pressure of six tons per kquare inch, has found an important place in American industry. Practically all the cottonseed oil used for culinary purposes is strained through press cloth made of hair In the cottonseed oil mills a meas- ured quantity of cooked cottonseed is wrappei in a strip of hair cloth and placed in a machine, called a “cake former,” where it is slightly com- pressed to make a compact mass. The cake, still covered with the cloth, is then removed to an hydrauli¢ pres, which squeezes the oil through thi cloth. The product is piped into a settling tank and sent to a refinerr. ‘The use of hair cloth for wrapping materials from which oil is to be ex- tracted by pressure comes down from olden times. For many years, long=~ fibered goat hair and wool were used. Afterward, European manufacture learned that the Asiatic camel H# was better on account of its length and stretching qualities and adapt#d it. The camel's-hair cloth was the first press cloth used in the Unitell States. In 1906 the Boxer Rebellion in China almost cut off the supply of raw material, and manufacturers were compelled to resort to goat hair, llamm hair, cow tails, horse tails, cottom, and, finally, human hair. - The Oriental disturbances which cut off the supply of camel hair pros vided a source of almost unlimiter supply of raw material for the mante facture of the new type of press cloth: After overthrowing the Manchu dy» nasty, the Chinamen proclaimed thejr new-found liberty by cutting off tiveir queues. *