Evening Star Newspaper, July 3, 1936, Page 6

"THE EVENING STAR | With Sunday Morning Edition, § WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY ___ ceooo--July 3, 1936 THEODORE W. NOYES..........Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company. 110 st SeRd Fennivivania Ave . New York Office; 110 East 42nd 8t. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Edition, The Evening Star _ u y: 45¢ per month ) .. 60¢ per month vening nd Sunday Star e e b mundase: 65¢_per month The Sunday St - --5¢ per copy Night Final Edition. ight Final and Sunday Sta Night Pinal Star. ___ . i Collection made at the end of Orders may pe sent by mail or tional 5000 Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia, A junday only_. All Other States and Canada. aily and Sunday__1 yr. $12.00: 1 mo.. $1.00 aily only 13 per month c per month ch month. ¢lephone Na- r. C$R00: 1 mol = 75c unday oniy_. $5.00: 1 mo.. Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of All news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited in this Paper and also the local news publighed herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. —_— Report to Stockholders. The business of Government and the fiscal policies of Government are not strictly comparable with those of cor- porations. But as Secretary Morgenthau likens his annual address on the state of the budget at the close of the fiscal year to a report to the stockholders, the comparison suggests a question: How would the stockholders in a private cor- poration receive an accounting from the directors that followed the general phil- osophy of Secretary Morgenthau's sum- mary? We may picture the board room crowded with anxious stockholders who have been examining the figures of the annual report showing a continued deficit, despite increased revenues, and a larger debt than ever before. " The chairman of the board rises to assure the stockholders that they must look beyond the mere showing of the figures. For instance, there were a couple of untoward events, the chairman explains, clearing his throat. The com- pany had counted on continuation of revenue from one undertaking, but was brought into court and ordered to cease and desist, as the business was iilegal. Then the Board of Directors, through no fault of its own, voted to retire & bond issue at face value, in 1936, that was not due until 1945, cre- ating a drain on revenue which ac- counted for almost half of the excess ©f expenditures over receipts. There was spent, says the chairman, about $8500,000 during the year. Three and a half million of this amount went toward the operating expenses of the corporation. Three million, three hun- dred thousand went into extra dividends to a lot of our stockholders who were denied other means of support. One million, seven hundred thousand went into the premature retirement of that bond issue (soldiers’ bonus). In all, we spent $4,400,000 more than we took in. But, leaving out of consideration the re- tirement of the bond issue, we only spent 2,700,000 more than we took in. Where did we get the $8,500,000 that we spent? The chairman clears his throat again. To begin with, we had @bout $1,800,000 in cash at the beginning of the year, which we had borrowed the year before. We took in about $4,200,000 in revenue. Then we borrowed $2.500,- 000. That makes the total $8500,000. As a matter of fact, the chairman says, wiping his glasses, we borrowed more than $2,500,000. We actually borrowed over $5,000,000. But we have $2.700,000 of that left over. We haven't spent it yet and will have it to use on the re- tirement of that bond issue, which, one peragraph above, we left out of con- sideration. So we are not so bad off. We have & cash balance of $2,700,000 of borrowed money, which we will consider as an esset, although the banks look on such things as liabilities. We have $2,000,000 in a special fund with which we sta- bilize” our business when necessary, and that will ultimately go to pay off debt. In addition we have loaned a lot of money, $4,000,000, which we hope will some day be repaid. So, instead of a total debt of $33,750,000, which is what some of the impudent minority stock- holders say it is, we have a total debt of only $25000,000 when you consider these “offsets.” Furthermore, we have been able to borrow money cheaper than ever before and our revenue is on the increase. 1f one of those clamorous minority stockholders who come to a meeting ghould rise at this point and ask when the company is going to increase its revenues or else cut down on some of the expenditures, regardless of whether the expenditures are “left out of con- sideration,” he would doubtless be shouted down and maybe thrown out. But a lot of other stockholders would be thinking the same thing. 1y e Republican energy has asserted itself in a way that makes it necessayy to in- dicate when Hamilton is mentioned whether political science is referring to Alexander or John. The Linotype. A half century ago today the first suc- cessful linotype machine was operated in the ‘composing room of the New York Tribune. Celebration of the anniversary §s amply justified by the world-wide influence of the invention. No other device produced by human genius in modern times has played a more sig- nificant part in the development of democratic civilization. Popular literacy is the value involved. Indeed, the progress of mankind was retarded for ages by the lack of ways and means of the sort which mechanical type-setting represents. The need for quick and cheap printing had been recognized by uncounted generations of thinkers. As early as the eleventh century speed and economy of publica- Uon was an objective among scholars ) everywhere, especially in those scrip- toriums of the great monastic establish- ments of Ireland, England and the Con- tinent in which multiple duplication of books was & noble art as well as a dis- tinctive business. Johann Gutenberg’s contribution to the solution of the prob- lem served but to stimulate the demand for something more efficient than pens or blocks manipulated by hand. What was desired was fingers of steel to replace fingers of flesh and blood. It was among a group of Washington men that at last they were conceived and executed. They won immorta! fame for their share in the achievement. The story is one which deserves frequent re- telling because its lesson is that of per- severance, devotion and lovalty. Lino- type composition, as a philosopher might regard it, symbolizes the power of the human spirit to triumph over circum- stance. It should be added that the social ef- fect of mechanized type-setting has been that of an advantage to labor. Like the weaver's loom, the cotton gin, the harvester, the steam engine, the gaso- line motor, the telegraph, telephone and radio, it has “made work,” created em- ployment, added to the earned wealth of hundreds of thousands, if not mil- lions, of people. Indirectly it has ele- vated the cultural standards of the en- tire race—a gain beyond appraisal, ———— Lurking Death. The Fourth of July falls on Saturday this year, which means that probably twice as many people will meet sudden death from fireworks, automobile acci- dents and drownings as were similarly disposed of last year in the grand &nd glorious celebration of Independence day. The American observance of a week end holiday is normally associated with sudden death on the highways and at the beach resorts. When the joyous observ- ers of the Fourth are added to the week- enders the casualty lists take a sharp rise. Here are the deaths from fireworks, drownings and automobile accidents for the past six years as compiled on the morning after the night before by the Associated Press: 1930 (Friday)—178. 1931 (Saturday)—483, 1932 (Monday)—243. 1933 (Tuesday)—185. 1934 (Wednesday)—177. 1935 (Thursday)—201. Saturday—the Fourth of July—is’ therefore, a particularly fatal day, unless vou are careful. Death rides the high- ways, lurks at crowded beaches, hovers over little children with dangerous, and even “harmless.” fireworks. Last year, according to figures compiled by the American Museum of Safety, there were twenty-four deaths throughout the coun- try from fireworks; about 7,000 injuries, | including fifty-seven cases of blindness and forty-four amputations. In Wash- ington the casualties from fireworks—al- though all but the “harmless” fireworks are banned by law—amounted to about sixty, & sharp increase over those of the year before. Last year Major Brown, superintendent of police, was so im- pressed with the number of children who received hospital treatment for burns suffered in handling the “harmless” fire- works that he decided to ask that these be banned along with the firecrackers. Nothing, apparently, was ever done “about it. This year, as last year, fireworks of all sorts will be shot off in the District in violation of law. The gaudy stands erected across the District line, and already doing a land office business, will take care of the supply. And uniess the police are more active this year than last nothing will be done about that either. For those who have no fear of death, maiming or painful injury to themselves or to others, the Glorious Fourth, falling on a Saturday, is a fine day to mix alco- hol, in the form of strong drink; gaso- line, in the form of automobile fuel, and gunpowder, in the form of fireworks. For those who want to remain a little longer, sobriety and a little common sense will come in very handy. Independence day recalls so many high ideals worthily expressed that it becomes a literary as well as a spectacular event. Those who look constantly for “drama” will find none so great as that symbolized by the American flag. o Canada Celebrates. President Roosevelt's call upon Lord Tweedsmuir, governor general of Canada, next month will follow close upon three Canadian national commemorations. July 1 was Dominion day, celebrating the sixty-ninth anniversary of confederation. It was also a jubilee day marking two other significant achievements in Cana- dian history—the sixtieth anniversary of the opening of intercolonial railway com- munications between Nova Scotia and the province of Lower Canada, and the fiftieth anniversary of the arrival at ‘Winnipeg of the first transcontinental train of the Canadian Pacific system. Though he will not be communing with Lord Tweedsmuir until later in the Sum- mer, President Roosevelt is sure to re- call in congratulatory terms the trio of anniversaries which filled Canadians this week with a renewed sense of nationhood pride. Looked upon not so many years ago by the mother country as “colonials,” Canadians of today are full-fledged citi- zens of a sovereign: democracy, which, while remaining within the framework of the British Empire, is for all practical purposes & perfectly free and independent land. Establishment of confederation in 1867, through the union of Upper and Lower Canada with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, resulted in providing the young nation with a constitution, the British North America act. In succeed- ing years the western provinces were created and entered the union that now binds Canada in one great dominion, stretching from the Atlantic to the Pacific. Prior to 1867, the united peoples who today rejoice in the title of Canadians were divided by political strife and sec- tional differences not unlike those which preceded the formation of the United- States of America and the adoption of its & / : THE EVENING STAR, . WASHINGTON, D. C. FRIDAY, JULY 3, 1936. -— e e e THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Constitution eighty years earlier. ‘The structure of conciliation and consolida= tion was as well and truly reared by the Canadian founding fathers as by the confederationists who wrought to the same end on this side of the border, The bonds of national fraternity fash- ioned by the Dominion have never been loosened. In consequence, the names of MacDonald, Brown, Cartier, Tilley and Tupper today are honored throughout the length and breath of Canada in much the same spirit of filial gratitude that characterizes American reverence for Washington, Jefferson, Madison and their confreres. President Roosevelt who, through pos- session of an ancesiral seat on Campo- bello Island, has affectionate personal ties with Canada, will find that “happy days are here again” for the Dominion. It is experiencing the best times the coun- try has known since depressien overtook nearly all North America seven years ago. Economic conditions, in Canada, as in the United States, register a definite upgrade tendency. Hope and confidence have returned as unemployment recedes and business improves. Betterment in Canadian-American trade, resultant from the 1935 reciprocal tariff agreement, is doubtless one of the contributory factors. That is & circumstance on which the President Will felicitate the governor gen- eralina spirit of mutual gratification. e e S— Students at the Northwestern Univer- sity are told by the Secretary of Agri- culture that large areas are in need of water. The next great abbreviation to be considered is “H20." —— et Secretary Morgenthau evidently thinks the Nation will go on and prosper if some wizard of finance does not appear as a masked bandit and hold up the cash register. r—e—t———— Astronomy figures in “light years.” Governmental debt grows so large that it becomes necessary to figure in taxa- tion years. o The ideals expressed by President Roosevelt represent those of a true artist who has to consider not only his text but the statements from the box office. oot The clam diggers will look for pros- perity this Summer regardless of the election. There will be many a political chowder party along the Atlantic Coast. Things have become so serious that very few radio speakers venture to say “cheerio!” any more, v Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Stamp Collecting. ‘When you meet a rubber stamp Don't attempt its style to cramp, For it works along untiring in its glee When it hits the dotted line Iis resiliency is fine Yet it's something I would rather see than be. Stamp! Stamp! Stamp! The boys are marching! Hear the music of the band! And the marksmanship is fine As they hit the dotted line To the tune of “Hail, Columbia, Happy Land!” Stamps are going everywhere On the sea or through the air! Letter carriers are toiling with a will! For a mighty Nation's need What you want is a stampede Which is managed both with energy and skill. Stamp! Stamp! Stamp! The boys are marching! Stamps are busy evervwhere. You may often miss your lunch As the time clock you must punch To the rhythm of “Punch, Brothers, Punch with Care.” Free Speech. “It is your privilege as a citizen to speak your mind freely,” said the patriot. “I know that,” said Senator Sorghum. “If I talk myself out of a job I will neces- sarily be without compensation.” Bad Neighbors. We tried to build with toil immense For nations each a boundary fence, Discovering to our said surprise Nations like neighbors won't be wise. Instead of courteous ballyhoo With smiles to grace each “Howdy do,” They quarrel with a hatred strong And just make faces all day long! Honor o a Great Man. “Do you honor Thomas Jefferson?” “Of course, I do,” answered the radio man. “He composed some of the best material we can find for a Fourth of July broadcast.” “Power is like an artist’s brush,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “It needs genius to keep it from adding to his- tory's already abundant display of un- pleasant pictures.” Pi. Ben Franklin toiled with mental grace ‘While standing at the printer's case And kept each letter in its place. Reincarnation’s subtle might Brought him back home the other night Said he the old shop is a sight! I find with wondring regret The letters scrambled and ill set. Some one has spilled the alphabet! “Sinners wouldn't be 50 audacious,” said Uncle Eben, “if dey understood it was more dangerous to pay no attention to de preacher dan it is to run past de signals of & policeman.” Expensive Exhalation. Prom the S8hreveport Journal. The Government at Washington, having everybody make breath suffice where two Beretofore. ¢ Tearful Humanitarians and The Alien Deportation Law To the Editor of The Star: ‘With reference to the splendid letter of J. D. Mason in your columns calling attention to the facts about the objection- able Kerr-Coolidge alien deportation bill, I want to suggest that I can see no good reason for the suspicious attempt to rallroad through the closing hours of the last session a brand-new measure (8. J. Res. 293) embodying only the obnoxious administrative discretions to practically nullify most immigration restrictions and certainly mandatory deportation statutes under which most alien lawbreakers have been deported. ‘The resolution was pressed for pas- sage about 6 o'clock Saturday, the last day of the session, when most Senators were off the floor. If enacted it would have autherized the staying of over three thousand deportations that have been stayed during the past three and a half years. Every one of these aliens is a lawbreaker. Why this resolution? ‘What the necessity for it? If the Secre- tary ot Labor has the “implied discre- tion” to “stay” deportations for family- separation reasons over a period of three and one-half years certainly she has the “implied discretion” to continue their stays for another six months, or one-half Yyear, as proposed in the resolution, I have searched the deportation statutes and have inquired of those in authority, and they admit there is no ex- press authority from which any such discretion to nullify the law can be im- plied to prevent the separation of the alien’s family. The law expressly directs where complaint has been made and the lawbreaking of the alien has been called to the attention of the Department of Labor, as all of these “stayed” so-called hardship cases have been and had to be, that the Secretary of Labor “shall take into custody and deport” the alien. There is no exception expressed or im- plied authorizing the Secretary or her Commissioner of Immigration to not deport an alien lawbreaker who has a family, a wife or child or parents here. Deportation is not necessarily separation because the whole family can accompany the deported alien, something Bruno Hauptmann's family, his American wife and his American-born child could not do. It is too bad good relatives have to suffer for the crimes and lawbreak- ings of their bad relations or even their poor relations. But our G men have demonstrated that crimes can be pre- vented and gangsters can be wiped out, not by maudlin, sickly sentimentality, but by vigorous punishment therefor. It is strange that all these tearful “humani- tarians” have no tears for the victims of the criminals and lawbreakers—not only the bereaved Lindberghs, but the millions of other mothers and fathers suffering a living death in fear the same frightful fate might await them— that they too might be the victims of the crime of the century, a crime that would not have happened if the illegal entrant Bruno Hauptmann had been deported promply—if we had had an alien regis- tration lJaw—yea, a universal registration law of citizens and alien like every other civilized country has.” What mockery of law and order and what an invitation to lawbreaking and contempt for law | any such so-called “humanitarian” | mushy attitude must necessarily make. P. H. JAMES. - Swimming for Girls as Important As for Boys To the Editor of The 8tar: I am addressing you relative to the commendable work you are doing each vear for the men and boys of this city in sponsoring swimming lessons for them. There is no question but that the les- sons the boys receive during this course are instrumental in saving many lives each season. However, I have been in- terested to know why the age limit is not set at 7 or 8 years instead of 13 vears, as it would appear that a child would learn more rapidly at the younger age and his life would then be protected at the age when he is most daring and when his judgment is not so good as it might be when he is older. Also, I have been interested to know why the apparent partiality to boys. Is it because there are no facilities for giving girls such instructions, or is it because the lives of girls are considered of less importance to a community. Has it ever occurred to you that if our daugh- ters were given the opportunity to learn to swim there would be less need for your sons to jeopardize their lives by at- tempting rescues. I am the mother of four daughters, ages from 6 to 14, none of whom have had an opportunity to learn to swim, but all of whom enjoy the water. Inasmuch as my home is within walking distance of & municipal swimming pool and I am obliged to work down town during the day, you car imagine my anxiety during the Summer months, knowing what a temptation the pool holds for the children, MRS. WILBUR GRIFFIS, Police Praised for Prompt Response to Call for Help To the Editor of The Btar: There have been, in the last three years, numerous housebreakings, cases of petty thievery and even one case dan- gerously close to murder in the alley in back of our house. As a consequence, we have been on the alert to accomplish anything possible to secure the arrest of the troublemakers. On Monday, June 22, & suspicious noise in the alley awakened us. When the noise continued wé called the police. The result of our telephone call to the police was the capture of the pony which was given such widespread publicity on_ the following day. ' I suppose there has been some laughter at the expense of the Police Department in connection with this “capture.” We who have had our house broken into, our car stripped, our valuables taken from our home by thieves, our milkman brutally beaten, cannot join in anything but praise for those policemen who arrived in the alley within four minutes of the time our telephone call was made, and whose presence was absolutely unknown until the source of the noise was entirely surrounded, and a concert of flashlights played upon the intruder. The efficiency and speed dis- played by the police will provide more security to us with the knowledge it has given us of what will be done when we again request their services. BETTY ALDEN, Better Labor Conditions Consumers’ League Aim To the Editor of The Star: In a recent issue of The Star wenoticean item on the Consumers’ League describ- ing its aims. In stating that the league concerns itself with the question of fair prices and proper galues the article is not quite correct. “We do not attempt to cover this field of consumer protection, but devote our efforts to the improve- ment of w&;fln‘:u conditions. Whereas was sought through the means of public opinion and con- sumers’ influence alone, the league now takes the leadership in a campaign for e s g B tion. Sudden gusts of wind occurred at in- tervals all during the day. They seemed to come out of nowhere, and to vanish as quickly as they came. Seemingly they had no purpose, but Nature knew what she was doing. She- was sending to the ground all the ends of branches in which the cicadas had layed their eggs. Thousands upon thousands of these twigs, with their browned leaves, now litter the streets, parkings and lawns of those areas in'which the 17-year locusts appeared. Only those interested in these curious insects realized that this was Mother Nature's wsy of getting the new crop, to appear in the light in 1953, down to the earth at last. * Kok % 1f you fancy these insects, and believe them comparatively harmless, let these twigs, usually about a foot long, lie where they fell. They will do no harm there, but will insure a new crop of locusts those many years hence. If you believe the locusts do harm, gather them up and burn them, or other- wise destroy them. No doubt thousands of these branch ends will escape the lawn cleaners, the brooms and the rakes in the hands of the tidy. Thousands will be picked up and carted away. Many will be let lie through indifference. < Either way, it makes no difference to Nature. She is prodigal. Think of eternity, think of all space. Recall her 28,000,000 eggs from one mother fish, most of them to be eaten at once, only a few to escape to hatch and grow up into large fishes. * * % x Nothing shows the prodigality of Na- ture more than the cicadas. Hundreds of thousands of them were trampled to death, eaten by dogs, rolled over by motor cars. Birds loved them. Thousands lost their lives in the climb up trees and shrubs to the tips. It is these tips which now litter lawns and from which the first stage of the new locust emerges to go down into the earth. The progress down several feet is not quick, but is a matter of two or three years. The loss of these tip ends will in few cases, we believe, do any real damage to trees or shrubs, but will in effect con- stitute a simple pruning, which ought to do the trees or shrubs good in the long run. We have kept careful watch over this feature of this most interesting natural wonder. The trees of our home com- munity are as fine as exist anywhere. As far as we can see, absolutely no harm has come to them, because Nature first increased their growth and foliage before she brought the locusts. No doubt there are many persons who will not give the universal mother credit | for knowing this much. Yet a little study shows that she works in many s, only a few of which vet to mankind. The story of the chemical composition of the blood is a tale beyond belief, if it were not vouched for by devoted scien- tists who have spent their lives doing nothing else except find out these secrets. | The list of separate compounds in the the layman, . PRI We would ask all persons who believe their trees and shrubs injured by the locusts to wait and see. The withered tips on every branch will do little damage in the long run. The scientists say that, and common sense tells the same story. All one has to do is to look up at the giant oaks and compare the huge mass of untouched foliage and branches with the com- paratively small amount of withered tips and leaves. From Orrtanns, Pa., a worried lady writes: “Dear Sir: What experience have you had concerning the depredations of the current pest of cicadas? “You write that they are not harmful, but you would change your opinion if you could see our forests where the oaks stand with withered tips on every branch hanging brown, cut from the trunk. Young black walnuts denuded of branches. Some blight-resistant chest- nuts entrusted to me by the Agricuiture Department have lost their figst blcssom- ing branches. “Dogwood denuded, Philadelphus, cydonia, lilacs lopped off and two 7-foot weeping willows which I have guarded for three years are nothing but bare trunks, “‘Not destructive!” Your experience has been limited. Mine covers 17 acres of orchard and woodland. “Yours dejectedly, M. A. J.* * x x % We sincerely trust that this corre- spondent will not feel quite so dejected after a while. It is true that where native woodlands had not felt the ax many times as many thousands of the cicadas may have come up as in suburban areas and that the extent of the damage done would naturally be larger. ° Although we do not own 17 acres—an appropriate number for 17-year locusts, truly—we have observed the trees and shrubs along literally miles of suburban streets, have gone into Rock Creek Park and other protected areas for the par- ticular purpose. And while the tip ends of hundreds of specimens have been browned and are now blown off, through Nature's seemingly blind but nevertheless extremely canny operations, we pit our opinion against anybody's as to the ultimate damage done. ‘Why, a big dog can do as much damage to smaller shrubs, and often does. The cold of a severe Winter can do it. Mil- lions of acres of finest woodland are wrecked and burned over every year through sheer carelessness and indiffer- ence of human beings. When we think of what man does every year to despoil the beautiful dogwood, we believe it only fair that the locusts be allowed a few specimens every 17 years. * % ¥ x It is easy to understand that there may be exceptional areas where more damage has been done by the cicadas than in general. If this is the case, to all such owners, including our dejected lady, we offer. consolation, with this pro- viso, that they cheer up and wait until the pessage of time proves beyond doubt the damage done. The woes of the mind add immeas- urably to any damage. It is so easy to lament, to see only the bad side, to refuse to see the good side, if any. When we think of the enormous damage done trees and shrubs every year by other insects, blights, galls, rusts, man, animals, we think the cicadas are slight offenders, indeed. Much of the idea of damage was the result of confusing them with the real locusts, or grasshoppers, which eat vast quantities of foliage. The cicadas ate | nothing and did not damage except blood is a long one, utterly unknown to through their egg-laying. What this is remains to be seen. Surely they could not have done as much harm as the severe Winters of the past three years And see how wonderfully Nature, or God, as you choose, brought good out of all that Winter-killing. Even the privet hedges, which seemed utterly damaged, | are coming back now and will look better than ever. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Politicians are wondering whether President Roosevelt. amid the stimulat- ing environs of Monticello on the Fourth of July, will be tempted to pay his respects to that antagonistic element within his own party which choses to be known as “Jeffersonian Democrats.” As his speech of acceptance indicates, F. D. R. has apparently adopted the motif of the American Revolution as the keynote of his campaign for re-election. So it would be natursal for him to invoke the shade of the author of the Declara- tion of Independence in discussing the opposition which the New Deal faces at Democratic hands and turning the tables on it. As two of the country’s pre-emi- nent “Jeffersonian Democrats,” Virginia's United States Senators, Carter Glass and Harry F. Byrd, are to participate in the Independence day festivities, their pres- ence, it's felt, will probably deter the President, if he really has any intention of dealing hammer and tongs with the “Jeflersonians,” from doing at Monti- cello what he's expected to do some- where before the campaign is very much older, * k% John R. McCarl, who has just relin- quished the controller generalship of the United States, can probably have his pick of a five or six figure salary as watchdog of the treasury of some great American corporation, with the rank and function of economy “czar,” or something of that sort. Two former directors of the Budget—the late Gen. Herbert M. Lord and Lewis W. Douglas—were promptly snapped up by private industry. McCarl is the first controller general to leave that post, and the prediction is that if his inclinations run toward business, he’ll not have to wait long before discovering “economic royalists” on his doorstep with offers of jobs. Some of his friends think that McCar]l, a Nebraska Republican, who entered public life as private secre- tary to Senator Norris, prefers a political career and will next be heard of in the affairs of the “typical prairie State” from which he hails, either as Governor or Senator. TR Admiral Richmond P. Hobson, U. 8. N,, retired, is chairman of a New York com- mittee which has embarked upon an eleventh-hour whirlwind campaign to raise money to equip, transport, board and supervise the American Olympic team at Berlin. The fund is $146,000 short of the $350,000 required. If the cash isn’t promptly forthcoming, the size of the United States’ team will have to be reduced and many of our best athletes left at home. American chances of Olympic laurels will be correspondingly diminished, Expenses of Olympic teams of almost all other countries are paid by their respective governments. Hither- to subscriptions from American indi- viduals and corporations have provided the sinews of war. In 1936, :upn: Ee supposed return of “happy days, e whpere'mnl has not been obtainable. The Hobson committee sets July 10 as the deadline for raising the'wlnd. * x ¥ New York Democrats are pushing plans to nominate Robert H. Jackson, Assistant Attorney Gemeral in charge of taxes at the Department of Justice, as lieutenant governor on the State ticket now to be headed again by Gov. Lehman. After the Governor renounced renomination, Jack- ¢ son was prominently in the running for his place. Hailing from Jamestown, N. Y.. he is regarded as capable of stemming the normal Republican upstate tide. Jackson joined the New Deal as general counsel of the Bureau of Internal Reve- nue in 1934, later headed the law division of the Treasury, and early this year, fol- lowing his prosecution of the Mellon tax case, became an Assistant Attorney Gen- eral. Two Years ago, so the story goes, the President suggested that somebody should be built up as “heir apparent” in the event of Gov. Lehman’s retirement. Mr. Roosevelt described Jackson as the best man for the job, but said the In- ternal Revenue lawyer couldn't be spared from Washington at that time. In his early 40s, Jackson, a native of Penn- sylvania, ranks &s an up and coming young Democrat definitely singled out for high party honors. * x x % Four years ago Chairman Farley was preoccupied in trying to discover Demo- crats entitled to the degree of F. R. B. C. —For Roosevelt Before Chicago. These embattled days find Sunny Jim con- cerned in finding out how many Demo- crats are not F. R. A. P—For Roose- velt After Philadelphia. The first Democratic woman of prominence to take a walk appears to be Mrs. Edwin T. Meredith of Iowa, whose late husband ‘was Secretary of Agriculture during the closing year of the Wilson administration. Mrs. Meredith has been elected president of the Independent Coalition of Ameri- can Women, formed in Toledo this week by a group of 150 delegates representing 25 States. The organization’s avowed purpose is to fight the New Deal and sup- port Gov. Landon. Mrs. Meredith is proprietor of the magazine “Better Homes and Gardens,” published at Des Moines, where the Merediths have long been active in the farm periodical field. o % America, land of boosters, leads the world in numbers of chambers of com- merce. Of the total of 8,436 in existence, 5427 are in the United States. The chamber of commerce development seems to be characteristic of the English- speaking nations, which have fourth- fifths of all chambers extant. In this country, Texas, as becomes its girth and militant State pride, tops the list with 326. Oklahoma is second with 307, and Towa comes next, with 297. * x X ¥ If imitation is the sincerest form of flattery, President Roosevelt is paying Premier Mussolini a delicate compliment by transferring Undersecretary of State William Phillips to the American ambas- sadorship to Italy. The appointment fol- ‘Thus Washington and Rome will exchange envoys of equivalent rank. Mr. Phillips knows the diplomatic game, from the dual standpoint of ex- perience in the infernational fleld and important duty at the State Department, better than any man now in Uncle Sam'’s foreign service. He started in te learn his trade as private secretary to Ambas- sador Choate at London in 1900. Bar- period of retireu ment to pri- { iron works were locatc: ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. Has the number of votes to be cast in the electoral college changed since the last election?—C. 8. H A. The total electoral vote will be the same—331. The apportionment will have changed, just as the apportionment for Representatives in Congress has changed. Q. Whai is W. C. Fields’ real name? —M. H. L. A. The comedian's name was origi- nally William Claude Dukinfield. Q. Of what materials are sparklers made which are used on the 4th of July?—A. M. T. A. The formulae are trade secrets. Sparkler material is & composition of chemicals mixed with a liquid. Wires are dipped into the semi-liquid mass and allowed to dry. Q. How much ground will be covered by the Great Lakes Exposition at Cleveland?—E. K. A. The exposition grounds stretch over 25 water front blocks, or 125 acres, Q. Can a bank drop its insurance which safeguards depositors?—J. E. W. A. The General Council of the Fed- eral Deposit Insurance Corp. says that a bank may drop its insurance after having given notice to its depositors, and after a period of 90 days has passed. The notice of 90 days must be given in all such cases. However, the deposits in that bank continue to be insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. for & period of two years, so that all de- positors may be properly informed that the deposits of the bank in question are no longer insured by the above cor- poration, Q. How many Chinese are there in the United States?—D. S. A. At the time of the 1930 census they numbered 74,954. Q. When will the reservoir at Boulder Dam be completely filled? How much silt will accumulate?—J. H. R. A. The Reclamation Service says that it estimates that the reservoir will be filled by 1938. With the future de- velopments upstream and an additional reservoir constructed in the Colorado and its tributaries, the amount of #ilt will be gradually decreased. Reclama- tion engineers estimate that the total silt deposits in the reservoir will not exceed 3,000,000 acre feet at the end of 50 years. . Q. Which boat is longer. the Nor- mandie or the Queen Mary?>—H. D. A. The Normandie. It is 1,029 feet long and the Queen Mary is 1,018 feet in length. Q. Where was the first iron furnace built in this country?—W. F. P. A. The first iron works were erected at Falling Creek, Va., near Richmond. in 1619, by the Virginia Co.. but Indian troubles and the revocation of the char- ter of the company in 1624, caused the foundry to close. The first successful on the Saugus River near Lynn. Mncs. These works were built in 1643 by John Winthrop, jr., and 10 other Englishmen. forming the “Company of Undertakers for the Iron ‘Works.” Q. What is gerontology?—E. H. B. A. Tt is the scientific study of sene:- cence or the process of aging. Q. What is the Colon Archipelago® —G. E. D. A. Colon is the official Spanish ham~ for the archipelago popularly known 2- the Galapagos Islands. Colon is Span- ish for Columbus and this is the nam~ used by the Republic of Ecuador, 10 which the islands belong. Q. How does San Antonio rank in ag~ among the oldest United States cities? —F. R. A. 8an Antonio is one of America's ht oldest municipalities. Q. Was John Dos Passos, the writer, born in 8pain?—E. H. A. The author was born in Chicago. Q. What percentage of young peopl~ in New York City is on relief>—M. H. i A. Of the young persons between 16 and 25 years of age, 15 per cent are on relief. Q. How should the food dollar be di- vided?—M. M. A. It should be divided into five parts. according to the Department of Agri- culture: Pifteen cents for milk and cheese, 25 to 30 cents for vegetables and fruit, 15 to 20 cents for flour, wheat and grain foods, 20 cents for butter, lard and sugar and molasses, 20 cents for meat, fAsh and eggs. Q. What is the name of the branch o botany dealing with trees?>—A. A. K. A. There are several terms which may be applied. Forestry is the management of growing timber. Dendrology is the study of trees and shrubs. Silviculture Is the branch af arboriculture dealing with forests or forest trees. Arboricul- ture is the cultivation of trees and shrubs, chiefly for timber or ornamental purposes, Q. Was Lancaster, Pa., ever the Cap- ital of the United States?—Y. T. A. Not strictly speaking. In 1777 the Continental Congress sat there for a short time. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton You, My Dear. Your brow is like a little child’s Whose prayers have just been told; Your hair is soft as eiderdown, Sepia flecked with gold. But not in these externals Your heavenly power lies— The light of all the universe Is mirrored in your eyes. Your eyes, that speak all languages, And in a single glance Can make a proud man humble Or make a recluse dance, Put courage in a coward, Bring laughter out of sighs— Por perfect love and purity Lie deep within your eyes. in Washington or abroad. His friends are sure Phillips looks forward keenly to tackling the knot he has been ese pecially assigned to unravel—the tickliga issue of what to do about recognizing Italy’s eonquest of Ethiopia. (Copyright, 1936.)